JP4441315B2 - Environmental control device for building space - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an environment control apparatus for controlling the environment of a space in a building in an environmental gradient greenhouse (building that forms a biome), for example.

In recent years, attention has been paid to the delicate ecology and biomes of animals and plants inhabiting various climatic zones and habitats of the earth. A “biome” is sometimes referred to as a “complex biological community covering a large geographical area,” but it is “supported by the whole society of living organisms living in one large ecosystem area, or the climate of a certain area. It is sometimes referred to as a complex biological community characterized by its own plants, and no clear definition has yet been established.
It would be advantageous if such a biome could be artificially created in a building. For example, it can be considered that a large space is formed by partitioning the inside of a large building from the outside, and a plurality of regions having different environments are formed in the large space in the building, and a biome in which animals and plants inhabit each region is considered.

  However, if the air convection in the entire building space is strengthened, it becomes difficult to adjust the airflow, humidity, etc. to form different environmental regions. If you divide each area with, for example, a fixed curtain or air curtain to adjust the airflow and humidity, plant seeds, insects, birds, etc. will not be able to diffuse and move between areas. It is not preferable as a biome because it is impossible to reproduce a natural ecosystem.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and suppresses overall air convection in a building space having a plurality of regions, and a plurality of regions having different environments in which the lower spaces communicate with each other. An object of the present invention is to provide an environment control device for a building space that can be formed in the building space.

In order to achieve the above-described object, an environment control device for a building space according to the present invention is an environment control device for controlling the environment in a building space partitioned from the outside of the building, and is at least one on the ceiling of the building. With a screen that can be moved up and down by a lifting device of this screen device, only the upper part of the building space is partitioned into a plurality of areas from an arbitrary height position above the floor surface to the ceiling. Air-conditioning means is provided, and control is performed by the air-conditioning means so that each region has a different environment.
For example, it is preferable that the building is an environmental gradient greenhouse, and in each region of the space in the building, a group of organisms suitable for the environment of each region is arranged.
The screen of the screen device has a V shape in a side view, and a lower end portion where the screen is inverted is pulled downward, and the temperature of the internal space surrounded by the V shape screen is set as the temperature of the external side of the screen. It is preferable that an updraft or a downdraft is created on the outer surface side of the screen by controlling it differently.
It is preferable that the range of each area of the space in the building can be changed by moving the screen of the screen device along the ceiling of the building by the moving device.

  Since the environmental control device for a building space according to the present invention is configured as described above, a plurality of air convection in a building space having a plurality of regions is suppressed, and the lower space communicates with different environments. This area can be formed in a building space.

In the following embodiment, at least one (two in this case) screen device is provided on the ceiling of a building, and only the upper part of the space in the building is partitioned into a plurality of areas by the screen of this screen device, and air conditioning means is provided for the building. By providing, the objective of suppressing the convection of air and forming the several area | region in which the lower space communicates and has a different environment in the space in a building is implement | achieved.
In the following embodiments, an environmental gradient greenhouse (a building forming a biome, hereinafter referred to as a biome dome) is shown as an example, but it is necessary to divide the space in the building into a plurality of regions of different environments. It may be a factory building. For example, there is a case where a furnace is installed in a factory and the area of the furnace is separated from the surrounding area in order not to affect the influence of the heat of the furnace.

An embodiment according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
1 to 4 are diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of an environmental control device for a building space. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration of the environmental control device shown in FIG. FIG. 3A is a front sectional view of the environmental control device shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3B and 3C are an enlarged view of B and C in FIG. 3A, respectively. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the building 1 of this embodiment is a biome dome, and is installed at an angle with respect to the horizontal plane 2. The environment control device 3 has a function of controlling the environment in the building space 5 partitioned from the exterior 4 of the building 1.
The building 1 has a lower floor 6, an upper ceiling 7, and a wall 8 that surrounds the entire building space 5, and the building space 5 is a space blocked from the outside. The ceiling 7 and the wall 8 are made of transparent or translucent glass or plastic, and have a heat insulating structure that receives sunlight R but is not affected by outside air temperature.
At least one (here, two) screen devices 15 are provided on the ceiling 7 of the building 1, and the screen device 15 has a hoisting device 16.
A plurality of screens 17 that can be moved up and down in the Y direction (substantially up and down) by the hoisting device 16 are provided only on the upper part of the building interior space 5 from any height position H above the floor surface 6a of the floor 6 to the ceiling 7 ( Here, three regions S1 (for example, a tropical zone), a region S2 (for example, a temperate zone), and a region S3 (for example, a cold zone) are partitioned.

Air conditioners C1, C2, and C3 are provided in the areas S1, S2, and S3, which are partitioned by the screen 17, respectively. The air conditioners C1, C2, and C3 are controlled so that the areas S1, S2, and S3 are in different environments. The air conditioners C1, C2, and C3 have a function of controlling the humidity in each region S1, S2, and S3 so that the tropical side has high humidity and the cold zone has low humidity.
A heating panel 9 is installed at the highest temperature position in the region S1 (tropical zone), and the region S1 is humidified by the air conditioner C1. A radiation cooling panel 10 is installed at a position where the temperature is to be the lowest in the region S3 (cold zone). Due to the radiant cooling panel 9 and the air conditioner C3, in the region S3, a large amount of water vapor in the region is condensed and dehumidified.
The air conditioner C1, C2, C3, the heating panel 9, the radiant cooling panel 10 and the like provided in the building 1 constitute air conditioning means for controlling the regions S1, S2, S3 to be in different environments.
The entire building 1 is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane 2 in order to form a temperature stratification by gravity. Thereby, the floor surface 6a (that is, the ground surface of the biome dome) is inclined such that the south tropical zone (region S1) side is high and the north cold zone (region S3) side is low.

Since the environmental control device 3 controls the environment of the building space 5, the overall air convection in the building space 5 having a plurality of (here, three) regions S1, S2, S3 is suppressed, A plurality of regions S1, S2, and S3 having different environments through which the lower space Sa communicates can be formed in the in-building space 5.
The building 1 of this embodiment is a biome dome, and realizes an atmosphere from a tropical climate to a cold climate in one continuous space. In each area S1, S2, S3 of the building internal space 5, biological groups B1, B2, B3 suitable for the environment of each area S1, S2, S3 are respectively arranged. The group of organisms includes plants such as trees and flowers, insects and birds, and trees, flowers, etc. are planted in each area.
Air conditioning means such as air conditioners C1, C2, C3, heating panel 9 and radiation cooling panel 10 so that the temperature and humidity of each region S1, S2, S3 are suitable for each organism group B1, B2, B3. Therefore, each organism group B1, B2, B3 can live well.

The screen 17 of the screen device 15 has a V shape in a side view, and a lower end 18 where the screen 17 is inverted is pulled downward by means of gravity or means other than gravity (for example, spring force). The screen 17 is wound around a lower roller 31 disposed below and freely rotatable in the forward and reverse directions. The V-shaped opening angle θ changes when the screen 17 is lowered or rolled up, but is 0 ° to 15 degrees is preferred.
By controlling the temperature (internal side temperature) Tin of the internal space 19 surrounded by the V-shaped screen 17 to be different from the external side temperature (external side temperature) Tout of the screen 17, the outer surface of the screen 17 is controlled. The updraft 20a or the downdraft 20b is created on the side. As a result, airflows (natural convection) E1, E2, and E3 circulate in the regions S1, S2, and S3, respectively.
The screen device 15 has a moving device 21 for moving the screen 17. This moving device 21 moves the screen 17 in the X direction along the ceiling 7 of the building 1 so that the ranges of the areas S1, S2, and S3 of the in-building space 5 can be changed. Thereby, adjustment which increases / decreases the quantity of living organism group B1, B2, B3 which inhabits each area | region S1, S2, S3 suitably can be performed.

The environment control device 3 will be further described in detail.
A plurality of (here, two) screen devices 15 are installed on the ceiling 7, and the screen 17 of each screen device 15 is adjusted by the hoisting device 16 so as to have a predetermined height L.
Cold air is supplied to the internal space 19 of the screen 17 on the tropical zone side, and the temperature is controlled so that the internal temperature Tin becomes a predetermined temperature. That is, the screen device 15 arranged between the region S1 and the region S2 is a “cooling down type” screen device because the cool air is supplied to the internal space 19 of the screen 17 to form the descending airflow 20b. .
On the other hand, warm air is supplied to the internal space 19 of the screen 17 on the cold zone side to control the temperature so that the internal temperature Tin becomes a predetermined temperature. That is, since the screen device 15 arranged between the region S2 and the region S3 supplies the warm air to the internal space 19 of the screen 17 to form the rising airflow 20a, the “warming and rising type” screen device. 15.

In this way, by hanging the screen 17 from the ceiling 7 and partitioning only the upper portion of the building space 5, the overall large convection of the air in the building space 5 is cut off, and The screen device 15 and the air conditioners C1, C2, C3 and the like are controlled so as to generate airflows E1, E2, E3 that circulate in each of the regions S1, S2, S3.
As a result, the airflows E1, E2, and E3 are mixed with each other in the lower space Sa that communicates with the in-building space 5 to generate a temperature gradient. In this way, the plurality of regions S1, S2, and S3 can have environments such as different temperatures and can maintain continuity while maintaining the openness of the space 5 in the building.
The airflows E1, E2, and E3 formed in the building interior space 5 can be combined with rotating convection in the north-south direction and rotating convection in the east-west direction of the building 1 by arranging the screen 17 and the air conditioners C1, C2, and C3. Therefore, airflow control according to natural conditions in the biome can be performed.

As an example, the moving device 21 of the screen device 15 includes a mechanism that provides a rail extending in the X direction on the ceiling 7 and moves a traveling crane engaged with the rail in the X direction.
The hoisting device 16 is provided with a rotating roller extending in the Z direction orthogonal to both the X and Y directions. The hoisting device 16 is driven to rotate the rotating roller 3 in the forward and reverse directions to wind up or lower the screen 17 in the Y direction. Can be done.
The position of the screen 17 in the X direction and the length L in the downward direction can be arbitrarily adjusted by the moving device 21 and the hoisting device 16 in accordance with the environmental changes and the air conditioning conditions in the regions S1, S2, and S3. Therefore, even after construction of the environmental control device 3, the position and the length L in the X direction of the screen 17 can be changed according to the actual situation, and the flow of the airflows E1, E2, E3 and the temperature distribution can be adjusted.

If the screen 17 is made by attaching a metal foil (for example, an aluminum foil) to the surface of the material, the metal foil has a low emissivity with respect to heat and a high reflectivity with respect to light. It is preferable because of its excellent blocking performance.
Thus, if the surface of the screen 17 is made to have a low emissivity and a high reflectivity, the energy acts only on the heating and cooling of the air in the internal space 19 surrounded by the screen 17 to increase the energy efficiency of airflow creation. Can do.
Since the screen 17 originally has a large area, the surface of the screen 17 has a low emissivity with respect to heat and a high reflectivity with respect to light. The environment can be made as uniform as possible with the ceiling surface, and the apparent sky condition from the ground surface can be controlled.
Note that the screen 17 may be formed only of a general material such as glass fiber or cloth and is not attached with a metal foil. In this case, since it has a high emissivity with respect to heat and a low reflectivity with respect to light, it is suitable for absorbing heat from an object with radiation or supplying heat to the surrounding with radiation.

In the cooling descending screen device 15, a condensation receiver 32 is suspended below the lower roller 31. The lower roller 31 and the condensation receiver 32 pull the lower end 18 of the screen 17 downward by gravity or a means other than gravity (for example, spring force).
Condensed water having condensed on the surface of the screen 17 is collected by the condensation receiver 32 and discharged. Since the dew condensation receptacle 32 is provided, there is no fear that water droplets will flow down from the screen device 15.
The internal space 19 is controlled so that the temperature of the internal space 19 (internal side temperature Tin) is lower than the external side temperature Tout of the screen 17 by supplying cold air from the air conditioners C1 and C2 through the duct. ing. Thereby, the descending airflow 20b is created on the outer surface side of the screen 17.

In the heating and raising type screen device 15, the screen 17 is wound around the lower roller 31, and the lower roller 31 pulls the lower end portion 18 of the screen 17 downward.
Hot air is supplied to the internal space 19 from the air conditioners C2 and C3 through the duct, and the temperature of the internal space 19 (internal side temperature Tin) is controlled to be higher than the external side temperature Tout of the screen 17. ing. As a result, an updraft 20 a is created on the outer surface side of the screen 17.
A heater may be provided directly on (or in the vicinity of) the lower roller 31, and the air in the internal space 19 may be heated by this heater and the warm air supplied from the air conditioners C2 and C3. .

As described above, the screen device 15 creates the ascending airflow 20 a and the descending airflow 20 b outside the screen 17 by utilizing the characteristic that the airflow flows along the surface of the object (that is, the Counder effect).
Since the descending airflow 20b is formed around the cooling descending screen device 15 and the ascending airflow 20a is formed around the heating and raising type screen device 15, the region S1 has, for example, a large airflow E1 in the clockwise direction. It can be seen that a large airflow E2 in the counterclockwise direction is generated in the region S2, and a large airflow E3 in the clockwise direction is generated in the region S3 (see FIG. 1).
By introducing cool air or warm air into the internal space 19 of the screen 17, the temperature of the surface of the screen 17 can be controlled to control the direction of the air flow and to dissipate and absorb heat. If cold air is introduced into the internal space 19, the surface of the screen 17 can be condensed, and the condensed water can be processed by the condensation receiver 32 to exert a dehumidifying function.
In this way, by using at least one (two in this case) screen device 15 having the screen 17, a continuously temperature-gradient space (for example, a temperature gradient continuously from 0 ° C. to 40 ° C.). Space) to create.

Next, analysis data in the environment control apparatus 3 of the present embodiment will be described.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing data of wind velocity vector distribution in the longitudinal section of the central portion of the building interior space 5, and FIGS. 5A and 5B respectively show a case where the screen device 15 is not provided and a case where the screen device 15 is not provided. . 6A and 6B are diagrams showing temperature distribution data of a longitudinal section in the center of the building space 5, and FIGS. 6A and 6B respectively show a case where the screen device 15 is not provided and a case where the screen device 15 is not provided. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing temperature distribution data on a virtual plane 1 m above the floor of the building space 5, and FIGS. 7A and 7B respectively show a case where the screen device 15 is not provided and a case where the screen device 15 is not provided. .

The specifications and conditions of the model to be analyzed are as follows.
Building 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped having a length of 200m in the north-south direction, a width of 50m in the east-west direction, and a height of 40m. The south region S1 is a tropical zone, the middle region S2 is a temperate zone, and the north region S3 is a cold zone. It is said. The entire building 1 is inclined about 10 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane 2 so that the tropical zone side becomes higher.
The temperature of the building interior space 5 is 40 ° C. on the heating panel 9 on the wall on the tropical side (left side in FIGS. 1 and 2), and 0 on the wall in the cold zone (on the right side in FIGS. 1 and 2) with the radiation cooling panel 10. ℃. Further, the air conditioners C1, C2, and C3 are set to 40 ° C, 35 ° C, 30 ° C, 25 ° C, 20 ° C, 15 ° C, 10 ° C, 5 ° C, and 0 ° C near the floor surface 6a. .
The air conditioners C1, C2, and C3 are arranged such that a blow-in inlet having a height of 2 m is arranged on both sides of the building space 5 in the long side direction, and the blow-out temperature is controlled to be the set temperature. The blowing wind speed is 2.5 m / s in the region S1 (tropical zone), 1.5 m / s in the region S2 (temperate zone), and 0.5 m / s in the region S3 (cold zone). The positions are opposed.
The screen 17 is adjusted by the hoisting device 16 so that the height L thereof is about 20 m. Cold air is supplied to the internal space 19 of the tropical zone screen 17 to set the internal temperature Tin to 15 ° C., and hot air is supplied to the internal space 19 of the cold zone screen 17 to supply the internal temperature Tin. Is set to 25 ° C. to control the temperature.

As shown in FIG. 5A, when there is no screen device 15, large convection is generated in the entire building space 5. Therefore, a plurality of regions having different environments are not formed in the building interior space 5.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5 (B), by providing two screen devices 15 on the ceiling 7 of the building 1, it is possible to suppress the generation of general large convection in the building interior space 5. Airflow is formed every S1, S2, and S3. As a result, it is possible to form regions S1, S2, and S3 in which the lower space Sa communicates and has different environments.

Regarding the temperature distribution in the building space 5, as shown in FIG. 6A, the isotherm g is substantially horizontal due to the influence of gravity when the screen device 15 is not provided.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6B, since the occurrence of large convection is suppressed when the screen device 15 is provided, the isotherm g is slightly inclined, and the regions S1 and S2 in different environments. , S3 are formed.

  Further, regarding the temperature distribution in the virtual plane 1 m above the floor, when there is no screen device 15, as shown in FIG. 7A, the entire building space 5 is irregular, but FIG. As shown, when the screen device 15 is provided, the temperature distribution in each of the regions S1, S2, and S3 continuously changes as compared with the case where the screen device 15 is not provided. Thereby, the areas S1, S2, and S3 in which the lower space Sa communicates and has different environments can be formed in the in-building space 5.

As described above, since the lower space Sa communicates with the present embodiment, the screen 17 does not get in the way even if there are objects such as the biological groups B1, B2, B3 in the lower space Sa. In addition, when the screen 17 gets in the way to move tall plants or the like, the screen 17 may be wound up by driving the winding device 16.
Since the lower space Sa communicates, plant seeds, insects, birds, etc. can diffuse and move between the regions S1, S2, and S3, so that an ecosystem close to nature can be reproduced.
Since the generation of large air convection is suppressed and the convection between the regions S1, S2, and S3 is reduced, the entire environment control device 3 can be saved in energy.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and additions are possible within the scope of the gist of the present invention.
In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts.

  The present invention can be applied to a building of a factory in addition to a biome dome as a building.

1 to 7 are views showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of an environment control device for a space in a building. It is a perspective view which shows schematic structure of the environment control apparatus shown in FIG. It is front sectional drawing of the environment control apparatus shown in FIG. It is the IV-IV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a figure which shows the data of the wind speed vector distribution of the longitudinal section of the center part of the space in a building. It is a figure which shows the data of the temperature distribution of the longitudinal cross-section of the center part of the space in a building. It is a figure which shows the data of the temperature distribution in the virtual plane 1m on the floor of the space in a building.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building 3 Environmental control apparatus 4 Building exterior 5 Building space 6a Floor surface 7 Ceiling 9 Heating panel (air conditioning means)
10 Radiation cooling panel (air conditioning means)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 Screen apparatus 16 Winding apparatus 17 Screen 18 Lower end part 19 Internal space 20a Ascending air current 20b Downward airflow 21 Moving apparatus B1, B2, B3 Organism group C1, C2, C3 Air conditioner (air conditioning means)
H Height position S1, S2, S3 area Tin Internal temperature Tout External temperature

Claims (4)

An environmental control device for controlling the environment in a building space partitioned from the outside of the building,
Install at least one screen device on the ceiling of the building,
By the screen that can be moved up and down by the winding device of this screen device, only the upper part of the space in the building is partitioned into a plurality of regions from an arbitrary height position above the floor to the ceiling,
An environment control device for a space in a building, characterized in that the building is provided with air-conditioning means and the air-conditioning means controls each area so as to have different environments.   2. The environmental control device for a building space according to claim 1, wherein the building is an environmental gradient greenhouse, and a group of organisms suitable for the environment of each region is arranged in each region of the building space. . The screen of the screen device has a V-shape in a side view, and the lower end portion where the screen is reversed is pulled downward,
By controlling the temperature of the internal space surrounded by the V-shaped screen so as to be different from the temperature on the outside of the screen, an updraft or downdraft is created on the outer surface side of the screen. The environmental control apparatus of the space in a building of Claim 1 or 2.   The building interior space according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the range of each region of the building interior space can be changed by moving the screen of the screen device along the ceiling of the building by the moving device. Environmental control equipment.

Images