JP4440083B2 - Heat treatment method and heat treatment device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat insulating material treatment method in which a heat insulating material used in a low-temperature device or the like is processed by being divided into, for example, a heat insulating substrate such as a foamed resin and a foam gas enclosed in bubbles of the heat insulating substrate, and heat insulation The present invention relates to a material processing apparatus. More specifically, when two or more types of heat insulating materials are processed simultaneously or successively, even if two or more types of heat insulating materials are filled with different types of foaming gases, the different types of foaming gases are treated in an environment. It is related with the processing method of the heat insulating material which isolate | separates and processes easily and safely, and the processing apparatus of a heat insulating material, without exerting a bad influence on.

  A heat insulating material provided in a low-temperature apparatus such as a refrigerator or a showcase has a heat insulating base in which bubbles are formed, and a foaming gas enclosed in the air bubbles of the heat insulating base. Incombustible chlorofluorocarbons such as R11 (trichloromonofluoromethane: CFC11) and R141b (dichloromonofluoroethane: HCFC141b) have been used. Such chlorofluorocarbon-containing chlorofluorocarbons are causative substances that promote ozone layer destruction and global warming due to scattering to the atmosphere, and are therefore prohibited or restricted by law. For this reason, it is necessary to recover the chlorofluorocarbons remaining in the air bubbles of the heat insulation material of the low-temperature equipment described above, and to perform a detoxification process that converts them into substances that do not adversely affect the environment. It was.

  In the treatment method for chlorofluorocarbons, which are non-combustible gases, the heat insulating casing of the refrigerator is crushed with a crusher so that the size of the bubbles in the heat insulating material detached from the face material such as the inner box or the design steel plate is reduced. At this time, the gaseous foaming gas scattered from the bubbles in the heat insulating material is adsorbed with activated carbon, and the activated carbon is heated with water vapor to desorb the foaming gas. A method of recovering the product is disclosed (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 5).

  The recovery method described in Patent Document 1 relates to the foam gas recovery from the foam insulation, and the recovery method described in Patent Document 2 again removes the fragments that did not break the bubbles in the insulation. The recovery device described in Patent Document 3 is provided with means for stabilizing the storage level of the pulverizer hopper so that the pulverization is performed stably and stably. . The treatment method described in Patent Document 4 relates to a means for detecting the concentration of combustible gas (cyclopentane, etc.) in the foamed gas separated from the foamed heat insulating material to avoid the risk of explosion (combustion). Yes, the recovery method described in Patent Document 5 relates to a means for controlling the introduction of the foam insulation according to the concentration of the combustible gas (cyclopentane or the like) in the foam gas separated from the foam insulation. .

The chlorofluorocarbons as foaming gas recovered in this way are then thermally decomposed in a high-temperature furnace at 850 ° C. or higher such as plasma, flame, or kiln, and the generated hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid are neutralized with calcium carbonate or the like. To make calcium salt. Since this calcium salt is chemically stable, it can be treated by a method such as embedding in the ground.
JP-A-6-184348 JP 2001-170936 A JP 2003-103240 A JP 2001-113533 A JP 2001-219154 A

  Used refrigerators collected according to the Home Appliance Recycling Law, etc., are properly treated by methods such as incineration and embedding of separated materials that cannot be reused or collected that cannot be reused. Among these recycling processes that perform separate collection, the recovery of foaming gas chlorofluorocarbons remaining in the heat insulating material in the heat insulating casing together with the refrigerant remaining in the refrigeration cycle is required by law. It is positioned as a process.

  On the other hand, chlorofluorocarbons containing chlorine atoms are prohibited or restricted by laws and ordinances because they are a causative substance that destroys the ozone layer with air scattering and promotes global warming. Using chlorofluorocarbons that do not contain chlorine atoms as a step-by-step alternative to foaming gas to prevent negative effects on the environment, the adverse effects on global warming cannot be excluded, and the production status cannot satisfy high prices and demand. Therefore, a flammable hydrocarbon is selected, and the heat insulating material used in the refrigerator, in which the heat insulating performance is particularly important among the refrigeration equipment, uses cyclopentane having the lowest thermal conductivity in the gas state as the foaming gas.

  However, since cyclopentane has the same high flammability as gasoline, a refrigerator equipped with a heat insulating material using this as a foaming gas is used to be recovered and used for material recovery. When the recovery is performed by the above-described method, there is a problem that there is a risk of combustion, explosion, or the like due to cyclopentane that is detached when the heat insulating casing is crushed. Further, in the conventional method, it is difficult to completely separate and recover the chlorofluorocarbons and cyclopentane as the foaming gas, and since the separation is incomplete, recovery is performed in a mixed gas state. There was a problem of danger of explosion (combustion).

  In order to avoid dangers such as explosion at the time of crushing and recovery as described above, the used refrigerator is separated according to the type of foaming gas contained in the heat insulating material, and for each type of foaming gas, for example, cyclopentane, etc. However, a refrigerator using cyclopentane as a foaming gas for heat insulation only needs to be used for either the door or the housing. There are also alternatives, and since the description of “use of cyclopentane” that should be described on the casing was not performed at the early stage of replacement, refrigerators using cyclopentane as a foaming gas for heat insulating materials, and fluorocarbons It was impossible to separate and collect the refrigerator using the as a foaming gas for the heat insulating material.

  In addition to the low environmental impact of cyclopentane itself, in view of the situation where the number of used refrigerators collected using cyclopentane is small, it is also possible to release to the atmosphere below the lower limit concentration of combustion. However, as a matter of fact, although it is nonflammable, it cannot be released into the atmosphere because it is collected together with a refrigerator that uses conventional chlorofluorocarbons that adversely affect the environment, and cyclopentane and chlorofluorocarbons In this state, the foaming gas is treated.

  In this case, it is not possible to exclude the situation in which it is essential to collect cyclopentane at the same time as the chlorofluorocarbons, and it is impossible to easily separate the two foaming gases while maintaining a compatible state. In addition, when the recovered chlorofluorocarbons are burned and processed, cyclopentane is also burned at the same time, which causes a problem such as explosion.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and includes, for example, a heat insulating material used in a low-temperature device or the like, a heat insulating base such as a foamed resin, and a foam gas enclosed in bubbles in the heat insulating base. In particular, when two or more types of heat insulating materials are processed simultaneously or continuously, even if two or more types of heat insulating materials are sealed with different types of foaming gas, the different types The processing method of the heat insulating material which can isolate | separate and process easily and the processing apparatus of a heat insulating material can be provided, without having a bad influence on an environment.

  This invention provides the processing method of the following heat insulating materials, and the processing apparatus of heat insulating materials.

  [1] A heat insulating material processing method in which the heat insulating base material and the foamed gas are separately processed from a heat insulating material composed of a heat insulating base material having bubbles therein and a foamed gas sealed in the air bubbles. Then, when the heat insulating substrate and the foamed gas are separately processed from two or more types of heat insulating materials in which different types of foaming gases are sealed, the two or more types of heat insulating materials are pulverized and pulverized. Separating the different types of foamed gas from the two or more types of heat insulating materials as a mixed gas, passing the separated mixed gas through a constituent molecule of one of the different types of foamed gas, and Insulation that separates the different types of foamed gas constituting the mixed gas for each foamed gas by ventilating a separation means having a porous material capable of collecting other foaming gas constituent molecules The processing method (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "first invention").

  [2] The one foaming gas of the different types of foaming gas is a hydrocarbon foaming gas, and the other foaming gas of the different types of foaming gas is a hydrocarbon foaming gas, The insulating material according to [1], wherein the hydrocarbon-based foaming gas and the chlorofluorocarbon-based foamed gas are separated by the separation means having the porous substance having an average pore diameter of 0.36 to 0.44 nm. Processing method.

  [3] The method for treating a heat insulating material according to [1] or [2], wherein the porous substance of the separation unit is nonflammable.

  [4] The method for treating a heat insulating material according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the porous material of the separation means includes DDR (Deca-Dodecasil 3R) zeolite.

  [5] A heat insulating material processing apparatus for separately processing the heat insulating substrate and the foamed gas from a heat insulating material composed of a heat insulating base having air bubbles inside and a foamed gas sealed in the air bubbles. A crushing part for pulverizing the heat insulating material, and a foaming gas recovery part for recovering the gaseous foaming gas enclosed in the bubbles of the heat insulating base, wherein the foaming gas recovery part is porous. The two or more types of heat insulating materials are separated when the heat insulating base and the foamed gas are separately processed from two or more types of heat insulating materials each having a separating means having a porous material and filled with different types of foaming gases. Pulverizing in the crushing part, dividing the different types of foamed gas from the pulverized two or more types of heat insulating material as a mixed gas, venting the mixed gas to the separation means of the foamed gas recovery unit, Different species By passing the constituent molecules of one of the foaming gases, and collecting the constituent molecules of the other foaming gas, a mixed gas in which the different types of foaming gases are mixed is provided for each foaming gas. A processing apparatus for heat insulating material to be separated (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “second invention”).

  [6] The separation means of the foaming gas recovery section includes the porous material having an average pore diameter of 0.36 to 0.44 nm, the hydrocarbon-based foaming gas as the one foaming gas, and the other The processing apparatus for a heat insulating material according to [5], wherein the foaming gas is separated from a fluorocarbon foaming gas.

  [7] The processing apparatus for a heat insulating material according to [5] or [6], wherein the porous substance of the separation unit of the foaming gas recovery unit is nonflammable.

  [8] The heat treatment apparatus according to any one of [5] to [7], wherein the porous substance of the separation unit of the foaming gas recovery unit includes DDR (Deca-Dodecasil 3R) type zeolite.

  According to the heat insulating material processing method and the heat insulating material processing apparatus of the present invention, the heat insulating material used in the low-temperature equipment or the like includes a heat insulating base such as a foamed resin, and a foamed gas enclosed in bubbles of the heat insulating base. In particular, when two or more types of heat insulating materials are processed simultaneously or continuously, even if two or more types of heat insulating materials are sealed with different types of foaming gas, the different types Can be easily and safely separated and processed without adversely affecting the environment.

  Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, embodiments of the heat insulating material processing method and the heat insulating material processing apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail, but the present invention is not construed as being limited thereto, Various changes, modifications, and improvements can be made based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  In one embodiment of the method for treating a heat insulating material of the present invention (first invention), a heat insulating material used for a low-temperature device or the like is enclosed in a heat insulating base such as a foamed resin and bubbles in the heat insulating base. In particular, when two or more types of heat insulating material are processed simultaneously or successively, different types of foam gas are respectively present in two or more types of heat insulating materials. Even if enclosed, it is a processing method of a heat insulating material for easily and safely separating and processing the different types of foaming gas without adversely affecting the environment.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing a configuration of a heat insulating material processed by an embodiment of a heat insulating material processing method of the present invention (first invention). As shown in FIG. 1, the heat insulating material treatment method of the present embodiment is composed of a heat insulating base 3 having bubbles 4 therein and a foamed gas 5 enclosed in the bubbles 4 of the heat insulating base 3. A heat insulating material processing method in which a heat insulating base material 3 and a foaming gas 5 are separately processed from the heat insulating material 2, and the heat insulating base material and the foaming material are formed from two or more types of heat insulating materials in which different types of foaming gases are sealed. When processing separately from the gas, pulverize two or more types of insulation, separate different types of foamed gas from the pulverized two or more types of insulation as mixed gases, and separate the mixed gases into different types. The gas constituting the mixed gas is made to pass through a separating means having a porous substance capable of passing the constituent molecules of one of the foaming gases and collecting the constituent molecules of the other foaming gas. Each type of foaming gas It is a processing method of the heat insulating material to be separated for each foam gas.

  In the method for treating a heat insulating material of the present embodiment, one of the above-mentioned different types of foaming gas is a hydrocarbon-based foaming gas, and the other foaming gas among the different types of foaming gas is chlorofluorocarbon. It is suitable as a processing method for separating and processing hydrocarbon-based foaming gas and chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas by a separating means having a porous material having an average pore diameter of 0.36 to 0.44 nm. Can be used. The chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas is at least one of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC), hydrofluorocarbon (HFC), and the like, which has been used as a foaming gas for conventionally known heat insulating materials. It is a foaming gas containing one kind. Further, the hydrocarbon-based foaming gas is a foaming gas containing cyclopentane or the like.

  In the conventional heat insulating material processing method, for example, when processing a mixed gas containing a hydrocarbon-based foaming gas such as cyclopentane and a chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas at the same time, there is a problem of combustion or explosion of cyclopentane. It was difficult to handle both safely. According to the method for treating a heat insulating material of the present embodiment, a porous material that allows a constituent molecule of one foaming gas of different types of foaming gas to pass through and collects constituent molecules of another foaming gas. It is possible to ventilate the separating means having a substance and separate and process each foaming gas, so that the foaming gas can be treated easily and safely.

  Moreover, in the processing method of the heat insulating material of this Embodiment, it is preferable that the porous substance of a separation means is nonflammable. With this configuration, even if a hydrocarbon-based foaming gas such as cyclopentane burns, the separation means is not damaged, and the combustion of the hydrocarbon-based foaming gas can be stopped by the separation means. .

Moreover, in the heat insulating material treatment method of the present embodiment, it is preferable that the porous material of the separation means contains DDR (Deca-Dodecasil 3R) type zeolite. Conventionally, as those used as fluorocarbons foaming gas, for example, the insulation refrigeration etc., can be cited CFC12 (CCl ₂ F ₂₎ and HCFC134a (CF ₃ CH ₂ F) or the like. The molecular diameter of the CFC12 (CCl ₂ F ₂ ) is 5.8 cm, and the molecular diameter of the HCFC 134a (CF ₃ CH ₂ F) is 4.9 mm. The diameter is 4 to 6 mm. In addition, the molecular diameter of cyclopentane, which is mainly used as a hydrocarbon-based foaming gas, is about 2 to 3 mm, and is preferably separated by a porous material containing the above-mentioned DDR (Deca-Dodecasil 3R) type zeolite. And can be recovered.

  The heat insulating material processing method of the present embodiment is for processing the heat insulating material, but used low-temperature equipment, such as a refrigerator, which has been implemented by the “specific household equipment re-commercialization method” or the like. It is a processing method used suitably when recycling. Specifically, the compressor, door packing, refrigerant, interior parts, etc. can be removed from the low-temperature equipment provided with the heat insulating material, and can be suitably used to recover each material from the obtained heat insulating casing. . Hereinafter, the processing method of the heat insulating material of this Embodiment is demonstrated more concretely.

  First, in order to separate and collect each component from the collected low-temperature equipment such as a refrigerator, for example, the refrigerant, the compressor, the door packing, the interior parts, etc. are removed by hand, and the state is almost only a heat-insulated housing. And Note that the method for bringing the used low-temperature equipment into the state of only the heat insulating housing is not limited to the manual work described above, and may be performed by, for example, a machine. The heat insulation housing is, for example, one in which at least a heat insulating material is disposed on an outer frame portion of a main body such as a refrigerator.

  It is preferable that the compressor, door packing, refrigerant, interior parts, and the like removed from the low-temperature equipment are reused by a predetermined method, and those that cannot be reused are discarded by an appropriate and safe method.

  Next, the heat insulation housing in which the heat insulating material is disposed is crushed using a crusher or the like. In the heat insulating material treatment method of the present embodiment, when crushing, different types of foaming gas, for example, chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas and hydrocarbon-based foaming gas such as cyclopentane, etc. need to be separated and performed. Rather, two or more heat insulating housings can be crushed simultaneously or sequentially.

  The crusher for crushing the heat insulating housing is not particularly limited, for example, the crusher is equipped with a steel hammer that rotates at a predetermined speed, for example, 300 to 500 rpm, and the heat insulating housing is dropped into the crusher, One that crushes the heat insulating housing by the impact force of a steel hammer can be mentioned. Further, this crusher is provided with a rotating steel hammer, for example, a steel hammer having a diameter of 2.5 m, so that the crushed members repeatedly collide and rub against each other in the crusher. As a result, the crushing progresses further while the adhesion part and the fitting part are released, or the display or the like by painting or adhesive paper is scraped off. The crushed material generated by crushing is preferably crushed to an arbitrary size, for example, 50 mm or less so as to be discharged through a screen opened to an arbitrary size provided at the lower part of the crusher. . At this time, the foamed gas enclosed in the air bubbles of the heat insulating substrate is scattered as a gas, and when different types of foamed gas are contained, it becomes a mixed gas.

  The crushed material crushed by the crusher can be treated, for example, recovered by separating it into iron, non-ferrous metals, resins, etc. using differences in physical properties such as magnetism, chargeability and specific gravity.

  At this time, the heat insulating base constituting the heat insulating material is inferior in toughness as compared with other members such as iron, non-ferrous metal, and various resins, so that it is easily crushed and also crushed because it is extremely light and has a low bulk density. Crushing further proceeds by staying in the spirally rotating airflow in the machine. For this reason, when discharged | emitted from a crusher, there exists a tendency that it is crushed until it becomes smaller compared with another crushed material.

  It is preferable to classify the crushed material of the heat insulating casing (heat insulating base) discharged from the crusher using, for example, a vibration conveyor. As described above, the crushed material of the heat insulating substrate is crushed smaller than the metal or resin constituting the heat insulating casing other than the heat insulating material, and since its bulk density is low, it is in a mixed state with other crushed materials. Since it is separated into upper layers, it can be selectively processed by wind sorting, for example, suction or the like.

  By crushing the heat insulating substrate by the crusher described above, it is possible to break the bubbles of the heat insulating substrate and disperse the foaming gas. However, in the method of processing a heat insulating material of the present embodiment, the bubbles of the heat insulating substrate For example, the crushed material of the heat insulating substrate recovered from the crusher described above is used, for example, by using a fine crusher capable of crushing to a smaller size, specifically, 1 mm or less. It is preferable that the foamed gas is pulverized until it becomes smaller and the foamed gas enclosed in the bubbles of the heat insulating substrate is scattered. Of course, it may be crushed as small as the above-mentioned size by one crushing.

In addition, when performing the above-mentioned crushing, considering that the amount of cyclopentane contained in a heat insulating material such as a refrigerator is, for example, 600 g or less even in the case of a large refrigerator, crushing one refrigerator. In this case, it is preferable that the cyclopentane concentration is reduced to 1.4% or less, which is a lower combustion limit concentration of cyclopentane, by mixing with air of 15 m ³ or more. By comprising in this way, the explosion which is a rapid combustion of cyclopentane can be avoided effectively.

  Next, a mixed gas composed of different types of foaming gas can be passed through the constituent molecules of one of the different types of foaming gas, and the constituent molecules of the other foaming gas can be collected. The separation means having a porous material is ventilated to separate and process different types of foaming gas constituting the mixed gas for each foaming gas.

  This separation means has a porous material having a pore size of a predetermined size, allows a constituent molecule of one foaming gas, for example, a hydrocarbon-based foaming gas such as cyclopentane to pass through, and another foaming gas. , For example, chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas can be collected. The separation means is not particularly limited, and preferred examples include a ceramic filter having a predetermined pore diameter and a separation membrane such as zeolite.

  Moreover, in the heat insulating material processing method of the present embodiment, for example, it is preferable to perform separation while preparing a plurality of filters such as ceramics as separation means and switching the filters to be used. Filters such as ceramics are clogged by collecting chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas, and their separation ability may decrease or pressure loss may increase. In the meantime, another filter having a reduced separation capability is configured to be reproducible. Specifically, air and the like are caused to flow backward from the downstream side of the flow path to the other clogged filter, and the chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas accumulated in the other filter is removed and regenerated, and the reverse flow is caused. As a preferred example, a flow path for discharging the air is separately provided, and the chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas contained in the back-flowed air flows into an activated carbon chamber filled with activated carbon and is absorbed and recovered. be able to. In this way, while recovering the chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas, the filter is sequentially regenerated so that a high separation capacity can be maintained at all times.

  Since the chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas recovered by adsorbing to the activated carbon filled in the activated carbon chamber or the like may contain a substance that is prohibited from being reused, it is preferable to decompose and treat it. As a specific method, for example, steam at about 120 ° C. is introduced into an activated carbon chamber, the activated carbon is heated, and the adsorbed chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas is released. Next, the separated chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas is introduced together with water vapor into a high-temperature atmosphere such as plasma, flame, or kiln. Fluorocarbon-based foaming gas decomposes while reacting with water vapor to produce hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid. The produced hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid are preferably neutralized with calcium carbonate or the like, and then treated as a harmless and chemically stable water-insoluble chloride such as calcium fluoride or calcium chloride. Water-insoluble chlorides such as calcium fluoride and calcium chloride can be disposed of by burying them in the ground.

  In addition, hydrocarbon-based foaming gas (one foaming gas) such as cyclopentane that has passed without being collected by the separation means has very little impact on the environment such as ozone depletion and global warming. May be released.

  Next, an embodiment of a heat treatment apparatus according to the present invention (second invention) will be described. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view schematically showing a heat treatment process using an embodiment of the heat treatment apparatus of the present invention (second invention). The heat treatment apparatus of the present embodiment is a heat treatment apparatus that can be suitably used in one embodiment of the heat treatment method of the first invention described above. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the heat treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a heat insulating base 3 having bubbles 4 therein and a foam gas 5 enclosed in the bubbles 4 of the heat insulating base 3. The heat insulating material processing apparatus 1 separates the heat insulating base 3 and the foamed gas 5 from the heat insulating material 2 thus configured, and includes a crushing portion 11 for crushing the heat insulating material 2 and bubbles 4 of the heat insulating base 3. And a foaming gas recovery unit 12 for recovering the gaseous foaming gas 5 enclosed, and the foaming gas recovery unit 12 has a separating means 13 having a porous substance. The heat treatment apparatus 1 includes two or more types of heat insulation materials 2 (FIG. 2 shows one of the two or more types of heat insulation materials) in which different types of foaming gas 5 are sealed. When the heat insulating substrate 3 and the foamed gas 5 are separately processed, two or more types of heat insulating materials 2 are pulverized by the crushing portion 11, and different types of foamed gases 14a and 14b are obtained from the pulverized two or more types of heat insulating materials 2. Separated as a mixed gas 14, the mixed gas 14 is passed through the separation means 13 of the foamed gas recovery unit 12 described above, and the constituent molecules of one of the different types of foamed gases 14 a and 14 b are passed through, and The heat treatment apparatus 1 is capable of separating the mixed gas 14 into different types of foam gases 14a and 14b by collecting constituent molecules of the other foam gas 14b.

  According to the heat treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, when the heat insulation 2 used in two or more types of low-temperature equipment 15 or the like is processed simultaneously or continuously, each of the two or more kinds of heat insulation 2 is used. In addition, even if different types of foaming gases 14a and 14b, for example, hydrocarbon-based foaming gas and chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas are sealed, the different types of foaming gas 5 can be easily used without adversely affecting the environment. And can be safely separated and processed.

  In the heat treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the separation means 13 of the foaming gas recovery unit 12 includes a porous material having an average pore diameter of 0.36 to 0.44 nm, and is used as one foaming gas 14a. It is preferable to separate and process the hydrocarbon-based foaming gas and the chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas as the other foaming gas 14b.

  Moreover, in the heat processing apparatus 1 of this Embodiment, it is preferable that the porous substance of the separation means 13 of the foaming gas collection | recovery part 12 is nonflammable. By configuring in this way, even if one foaming gas 14a of hydrocarbon-based foaming gas such as cyclopentane burns, the separation means is not damaged, and the combustion of one foaming gas 14a is separated. It can be stopped by means.

  Moreover, in the heat processing apparatus 1 of this Embodiment, it is preferable that the porous substance of the separation means 13 of the foaming gas recovery part 12 contains DDR (Deca-Dodecasil 3R) type zeolite. As explained in the embodiment of the first invention, when the porous material contains DDR (Deca-Dodecasil 3R) type zeolite, different types of foaming gases 14a and 14b can be suitably separated and processed. it can.

  The heat treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is for treating the heat insulation material 2, but the used low-temperature equipment 15 implemented by the “specific household equipment re-commercialization method” or the like, for example, It is a processing method suitably used when recycling a refrigerator or the like. Specifically, the compressor 16, the door packing 17, the refrigerant (not shown), the interior parts (not shown), etc. are removed from the low-temperature device 15 in which the heat insulating material 2 is disposed, and the obtained heat insulating casing 18 can be suitably used to recover each material. Hereinafter, the heat treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment will be described more specifically.

  When processing the heat insulating material 2 from the low-temperature equipment 15 using the heat treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the compressor 16, door packing 17, refrigerant (not shown), Interior parts (not shown) and the like are removed and put into the crushing section 11 in the state of the heat insulating casing 18. About the structure of this crushing part 11, what was comprised similarly to the crusher demonstrated in embodiment of 1st invention can be used suitably.

  The compressor 16, door packing 17, refrigerant (not shown), interior parts (not shown), etc. removed from the low temperature equipment 15 are reused by a predetermined method and cannot be reused. It is preferable to dispose of in an appropriate and safe manner. Further, the crushed material crushed by the crushing unit 11 is divided into iron 20, non-ferrous metal (not shown), resins 21 and the like using differences in physical properties such as magnetism, chargeability and specific gravity, For example, it can be recovered.

  In the heat treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the crushed material 19 of the heat insulating casing (heat insulating base) discharged from the crushing section 11 is collected in a storage hopper 22, for example, a vibration conveyor (not shown) or the like. It is preferable to classify using As described above, the crushed material 19 of the heat insulating base is crushed smaller than the metal or resin constituting the heat insulating casing other than the heat insulating material 2 and its bulk density is low, so that it is mixed with other crushed materials. Can be selectively processed by wind sorting, for example, suction or the like.

  Furthermore, in the heat treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the crushed matter 19 of the heat insulating substrate recovered from the crushing portion 11 described above is further reduced, for example, so that the bubbles of the heat insulating substrate are not broken and left. Specifically, using a finely pulverized portion (not shown) that can be pulverized to 1 mm or less, the gas is further pulverized to be smaller, and the foamed gases 14a and 14b enclosed in the bubbles of the heat insulating substrate. It is preferable to scatter. Of course, the single crushing portion 11 may be crushed as small as the above-described size.

When crushing in the crushing unit 11, considering that the amount of cyclopentane contained in a heat insulating material such as a refrigerator is 600 g or less even in a large refrigerator, for example, one refrigerator is crushed. In such a case, air blowing equipment or the like is arranged in the crushing section 11 so that it can be mixed with air of 15 m ³ or more and the cyclopentane concentration can be lowered to 1.4% or less, which is the lower combustion limit concentration of cyclopentane. It is preferable. By comprising in this way, the explosion which is a rapid combustion of cyclopentane can be avoided effectively.

  The separating means 13 of the foaming gas recovery unit 12 has a porous material having a pore size of a predetermined size, and passes through a constituent molecule of one foaming gas 14a, for example, a hydrocarbon-based foaming gas such as cyclopentane. And other constituent molecules of the foaming gas 14b, for example, chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas can be collected. The separation means 13 is not particularly limited, but a ceramic filter having a predetermined pore diameter and a separation membrane such as zeolite can be cited as suitable examples.

  In the heat treatment apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, for example, a plurality of filters 13a and 13b such as ceramics are prepared as the separating means 13, and the mixed gas 14 is separated by one filter 13a. In the meantime, it is preferable that the clogged other filter 13b can be regenerated by collecting the chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas (other foaming gas 14b). Specifically, for example, air or the like is caused to flow backward from the downstream side of the flow path to the clogged other filter 13b, and the collected chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas (other foaming gas 14b) is excluded. The chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas recovery channel 23 that can regenerate and discharge the backflowed air, and the chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas (other foaming gas 14b) contained in the backflowed air And an activated carbon chamber 24 filled with activated carbon 25 that can be adsorbed and recovered, and sequentially recover the filters 13a and 13b while recovering the fluorocarbon foaming gas (other foaming gas 14b). And what can always maintain high separation capability can be mentioned.

  The chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas (other foaming gas 14b) recovered by adsorbing to the activated carbon 25 filled in the activated carbon chamber 24 or the like may contain substances that are prohibited from being reused. It is preferable to process. As a specific method, for example, steam at about 120 ° C. is introduced into the activated carbon chamber 24 to heat the activated carbon 25, and the adsorbed chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas (other foaming gas 14b) is released. Next, the separated chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas (other foaming gas 14b) is introduced together with water vapor into a high-temperature atmosphere such as plasma, flame, or kiln, although illustration is omitted. This fluorocarbon foaming gas (other foaming gas 14b) decomposes while reacting with water vapor to generate hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid. The produced hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid are preferably neutralized with calcium carbonate or the like, and then treated as a harmless and chemically stable water-insoluble chloride such as calcium fluoride or calcium chloride. The treated water-insoluble chlorides such as calcium fluoride and calcium chloride can be disposed of by burying them in the ground.

  In the heat treatment apparatus 1 of this embodiment, hydrocarbon-based foaming gas (one foamed gas 14a) such as cyclopentane that has passed without being collected by the separation means 13 is destroyed by the ozone layer or global warming. Since it has very little influence on the environment, it may be released into the atmosphere.

  The present invention is not limited to the heat insulating material processing method and the heat insulating material processing apparatus described in the above-described embodiments and shown in the drawings. For example, isobutane and Even when a plurality of limited types such as HCFC 134a are mixed and recovered, a part or all of the present invention can be used, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  According to the heat insulating material processing method and the heat insulating material processing apparatus of the present invention, the heat insulating material used in the low-temperature equipment, for example, a heat insulating substrate such as a foamed resin, and foam sealed in the bubbles of the heat insulating substrate. When processing separately from gas, especially when two or more types of heat insulating material are processed simultaneously or successively, even if two or more types of heat insulating materials are sealed with different types of foaming gas, Different types of foaming gas can be easily and safely separated and processed without adversely affecting the environment.

It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the heat insulating material processed by one Embodiment of the processing method of the heat insulating material of this invention (1st invention). It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the process of the heat insulating material using one Embodiment of the processing apparatus of the heat insulating material of this invention (2nd invention).

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Processing apparatus of heat insulating material, 2 ... Heat insulating material, 3 ... Thermal insulation base | substrate, 4 ... Bubble, 5 ... Foaming gas, 11 ... Crushing part, 12 ... Foaming gas collection | recovery part, 13 ... Separation means, 13a, 13b ... Filter, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 14 ... Mixed gas, 14a ... Foaming gas (one foaming gas), 14b ... Foaming gas (other foaming gas), 15 ... Low temperature apparatus, 16 ... Compressor, 17 ... Door packing, 18 ... Thermal insulation housing, 19 ... Crushed material, 20 ... iron, 21 ... resins, 22 ... storage hopper, 23 ... fluon-based foaming gas recovery channel, 24 ... activated carbon chamber, 25 ... activated carbon.

Claims (8)

Is composed of a foaming gas sealed in the heat insulating substrate and the bubble having a bubble in the inner portion, the having a heat insulating material is a hydrocarbon blowing gas containing at least one of said foaming gas cyclopentane and isobutane A heat-insulating housing of one refrigerator, and a heat-insulating housing of a second refrigerator having a heat insulating material that is a chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas in which the foaming gas includes at least one of chlorofluorocarbon, hydrochlorofluorocarbon, and hydrofluorocarbon. Is a method of processing a heat insulating material for processing a plurality of heat insulating housings ,
Crushing part is, by pulverizing the plurality of heat insulating casing, to destroy bubbles of the insulation substrate,
Blowing facility, a foaming gas scattered from the bubble in which the crushing part is broken, mixed with the refrigerator single per 15 cubic meters of air,
Wherein the constituent molecules of a hydrocarbon blowing gas is passed through, and the separation means having a porous substance constituent molecules you collecting of the CFC-based foaming gas, the blower facility was mixed with the foaming gas and air By venting the mixed gas, the hydrocarbon-based foaming gas that has passed through the porous material is released into the atmosphere,
Air is caused to flow backward from the downstream side with respect to the porous material and vented, and the fluorocarbon foam gas collected by the porous material is excluded from the porous material,
The flow path for recovering fluorocarbon foaming gas discharges air containing fluorocarbon foaming gas excluded from the porous material,
A method for treating a heat insulating material , wherein an activated carbon chamber filled with activated carbon adsorbs and collects the chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas contained in the air discharged from the chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas recovery channel . The porous material of the separating means, the processing method of thermally insulating material, according to claim 1, wherein the average pore diameter of 0.36～0.44Nm. The porous material of the separating means, the processing method of thermally insulating material, according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the non-flammable. The porous material of the separating means, DDR (Deca-Dodecasil-3R ) type processing method of the heat insulating material according to any of claims 1 to 3 zeolite characterized in that it comprises a. Is composed of a foaming gas sealed in the heat insulating substrate and the bubble having a bubble in the inner portion, the having a heat insulating material is a hydrocarbon blowing gas containing at least one of said foaming gas cyclopentane and isobutane A heat-insulating housing of one refrigerator, and a heat-insulating housing of a second refrigerator having a heat insulating material that is a chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas in which the foaming gas includes at least one of chlorofluorocarbon, hydrochlorofluorocarbon, and hydrofluorocarbon. Is a heat treatment device for processing a plurality of heat insulation housings ,
Crushing the plurality of heat-insulating housings, and crushing portions for breaking the bubbles of the heat-insulating base,
A blowing device for mixing foaming gas scattered from the bubbles broken by the crushing part with air of 15 square meters or more per one refrigerator;
A blowing gas recovery unit for recovering the chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas from a mixed gas obtained by mixing the foaming gas and air ;
The foaming gas recovery unit,
It passed through a constituent molecule of the hydrocarbon-based foaming gas, and having a porous material for collecting constituent molecules of the CFC-based foaming gas was passed through the porous material by bubbling the mixed-gas carbonized Separation means for releasing hydrogen-based foaming gas into the atmosphere ;
Refrigerated chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas collected by the porous material is removed from the porous material, and chlorofluorocarbons are excluded from the porous material. A flow path for recovering chlorofluorocarbon-based foaming gas that discharges air containing foam-based foaming gas;
An activated carbon chamber filled with activated carbon and having an activated carbon chamber that adsorbs and collects the fluorocarbon foaming gas contained in the air discharged from the fluorocarbon foaming gas recovery flow path. apparatus. The porous material of the prior SL separating means, insulation processing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the average pore diameter of 0.36～0.44Nm. Multi porous material prior SL separating means, insulation processing apparatus according to claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that it is non-flammable. Multi porous material prior SL separating means, DDR (Deca-Dodecasil-3R ) type zeolite insulation processing device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a.

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