JP4436109B2 - Optical measuring apparatus and optical measuring method for specific binding substance using the same - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an optical measuring apparatus and a method for optically measuring a specific binding substance using the same, and in particular, propagates while reflecting fluorescence or scattered light converted or scattered by a fluorescent label or light scattering label. On the surface of the waveguide, the second specific binding member to which the fluorescent label or the light scattering label is bound is bound to the target substance, and further, the target substance is bound to the first specific binding member, Fluorescence or scattered light emitted from the light emitting side edge surface of the waveguide by introducing light into the waveguide that is converted or scattered by the fluorescent label or light scattering label and diffusing the light or propagating the light. The present invention relates to an optical measurement apparatus and an optical measurement method for measuring a specific binding substance by measuring light, and consequently measuring a substance to be measured in a fluid sample.

Conventionally, the light from the light source is propagated while totally reflecting through the optical waveguide, and the fluorescent substance constrained near the surface of the optical waveguide by the antigen-antibody reaction is excited by the evanescent wave component, and the intensity of the resulting fluorescence is measured. Therefore, studies on fluorescent immunoassay devices that indirectly measure the degree of immune reaction have been conducted.

As a fluorescence immunoassay device with excellent measurement sensitivity and measurement accuracy, the antigen-antibody reaction is carried out on the surface of the optical waveguide that propagates while totally reflecting the introduced excitation light, and further a substance labeled with a fluorescent substance is reacted. Fluorescence immunoassay that measures the degree of immune reaction based on the fluorescence emitted from the optical waveguide by introducing the fluorescence emitted by the fluorescent material excited by the evanescent wave component of the excitation light into the optical waveguide and propagating it while totally reflecting it. A fluorescence immunoassay device characterized in that a fluorescent material having an absorption peak near 650 nm is used as the device and light having a wavelength near 635 nm is used as excitation light has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ).
JP-A-7-63756

However, in the above-described fluorescence immunoassay apparatus, the light to be irradiated has to be irradiated with a laser beam having a specific wavelength at a specific angle (an angle at which the light is totally reflected in the waveguide), and an ordinary incandescent lamp, xenon lamp, etc. Since the light source cannot be used, the apparatus becomes large, the cost is high, and the measurement is difficult.

A method for detecting a specific binding analyte using different waveguides is a method for detecting the presence or amount of one or more specific binding analytes in a fluid sample, comprising: (a) (i) a fluid sample A transparent element having a higher refractive index, (ii) a light-receiving edge, and (iii) a first specific binding member of at least one cognate binding pair immobilized at a plurality of sites on the surface of the element A waveguide device (wherein the first specific binding member is optionally coupled via an intermediate cognate binding pair), wherein the first specific binding member is optionally immobilized via other intermediate sites. And (b) capable of specifically binding to at least one analyte), and (b) a sample suspected of containing said one or more analytes and a second cognate binding pair. Light scattering bound to specific binding members. The reaction surface is contacted with a bell (wherein the specific binding member of the second cognate binding pair is optionally coupled to the one or more analytes in the case of a sandwich assay via an intermediate cognate binding pair). An analyte in the sample, which can bind specifically, and in the case of a competitive assay, can bind to an immobilized first specific binding member of said first cognate binding pair) And (c) irradiating the light receiving edge of the waveguide with light effective to generate total internal reflection inside the waveguide. Irradiating all reaction surfaces simultaneously; (d) collecting scattered light substantially simultaneously from each site and non-site portion of the surface if scattered light is present; and (e)
The light scattering degree of each part is compared with (i) the light scattering degree of a non-part part, or (ii) the light scattering degree of another part, or both. Such methods have been proposed that involve correlating with the presence or amount of an analyte specific for a binding member (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
Japanese National Patent Publication No. 10-506190

In the above method, almost any electromagnetic energy source can be used as the light source, including energy in the visible, ultraviolet and near IR spectra, such as lasers, light emitting diodes, flash lamps,
An arc lamp, an incandescent bulb, a fluorescent discharge lamp, etc. are described.

However, the light is emitted from the light receiving edge of the waveguide device to the inside of the transparent element. Since the thickness of the transparent element is very thin, the light must be irradiated through a slit narrower than this thickness. The amount of light that reaches the surface decreases, and it is susceptible to noise.

In addition, if the surface accuracy of the light receiving edge of the waveguide device is low, not only the totally reflected light but also the light that does not totally reflect reaches the reaction surface, and this light enters the fluid sample and remains in the fluid sample. In this case, the light scattering label bound to the specific binding member of the second cognate binding pair is reached, and scattered light is generated, so that the measurement accuracy is deteriorated.

Furthermore, when the reaction surface is wide and the fluid sample is widely present, the measurement image for measuring the scattered light becomes large, the influence of noise becomes large, and the measurement sensitivity is lowered.

In the past, B / F separation was required to perform high-sensitivity and high-precision analysis.
Since the / F separation process requires complicated processing, analysis could not be performed at high speed in a short time.

The purpose of the present invention is to irradiate a substance to be measured with a light beam using an arbitrary light source in view of the above drawbacks,
Fluorescence or scattered light converted or scattered by a fluorescent label or light scattering label is introduced into the waveguide and propagated while being reflected in the waveguide, and fluorescence or scattered light that is not totally reflected is removed,
An optical measuring device capable of measuring a specific binding substance at high speed with high sensitivity and accuracy without performing B / F separation by measuring only the totally reflected fluorescence or scattered light at the end face of the waveguide. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for optically measuring a specific binding substance using the same.

The optical measurement apparatus according to claim 1 is an apparatus for optically measuring a specific binding substance in a fluid sample, which is bound to a second specific binding member to which a fluorescent label or a light scattering label is bound. A transparent conducting member having a reaction part in which a first specific binding member capable of specifically binding to a substance to be measured and constituting the specific binding substance is fixed to at least one surface, and a light emitting side edge surface A transparent base material layer is laminated on one surface of the waveguide via a first space layer, and a light absorption layer is laminated on the other surface via a second space layer, and the first space layer and the second space layer are laminated. The space layer is a layer for injecting a fluid sample, and is characterized in that the refractive index of the waveguide is larger than the refractive index of the fluid sample.

The waveguide is a film, sheet or plate made of an optically transparent material because the fluorescence or scattered light converted or scattered by the fluorescent label or light scattering label propagates while being totally reflected. Yes, one side is a light-emitting side edge surface, and one surface is a reaction part.

Examples of the optically transparent material include glass, quartz, acrylic resin, fluorine resin, polycarbonate resin, aromatic polyester resin, polyarylate resin, epoxy resin, silicon resin, polystyrene resin, polyimide resin, and fluorine thereof. In particular, glass, quartz, acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, and polystyrene resin are preferable.

Examples of the acrylic resin include polymethyl methacrylate (refractive index = 1.4
90), polybenzyl methacrylate (refractive index = 1.568), polyphenyl methacrylate (refractive index = 1.571), poly 1-phenylethyl methacrylate (refractive index = 1.5).
49), polycyclohexyl methacrylate (refractive index = 1.507), methyl methacrylate-benzyl methacrylate copolymer, methyl methacrylate-phenyl methacrylate copolymer, methyl methacrylate-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate Examples thereof include a polymer and a methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer.

The refractive index of the waveguide must be greater than the refractive index of the fluid sample. If the fluid sample is an aqueous solution, the refractive index of water is 1.33, so the refractive index of the waveguide is 1.33 or more, Preferably, it is 1.49 or more.

The thickness of the waveguide is preferably 10 to 1000 times the wavelength of fluorescence or scattered light converted or scattered by a fluorescent label or light scattering label, generally 5 to 600 μm, more preferably 15 to 100 μm.

The reaction portion is formed on at least one surface of the waveguide, but may be formed on the other surface facing the waveguide.

The reaction part has a first specific substance that can specifically bind to a substance to be measured bound to a second specific binding member to which a fluorescent label or a light scattering label is bound to form the specific bound substance. Static binding member is fixed.

The first specific binding member varies depending on the substance to be measured. For example, an enzyme, a microorganism, an antigen, an antibody, an antibody fragment, a lectin, a receptor, an ionophore, a proton pump, a biological membrane, an artificial biological element, DNA , One molecule selected from the group consisting of RNA molecules, proteins, sugar chains, glycoproteins, metalloproteins, or a mixture thereof.

As a method for fixing the first specific binding member to the reaction part, any conventionally known method may be employed. For example, a reactive group capable of covalently binding to the first specific binding member on the reaction part surface. Covering the reaction part surface with a compound layer that can be adsorbed by the first specific binding member such as protein, and the like. Examples include a method of adsorbing the first specific binding member.

The fluorescent label is a substance that generates fluorescence by converting light when irradiated with light. For example, a compound that generates fluorescence when irradiated with light, a compound that generates fluorescence. Examples thereof include synthetic resin particles.

Examples of the compound generating fluorescence include fluorin isothiocyanate, fluorescein, fluorescein N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, 6-(((4- (
4,4-difluoro-5- (2-thienyl) -4--4-bora-3a, 4a-diaza-5-indacene-3-yl) phenoxy) acetyl) amino) hexanoic acid, succinimidyl ester, 4-acetamide -4'-isocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid,
7-amino-4-methylcoumarin, 7-amino-4-trimethylcoumarin, N- (4-anilino-1-naphthyl) maleimide, dansyl chloride, 4′6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, 5- (4 6-dichlorotriazin-2-yl) aminofluorescein, 4
, 4'-Diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid, eosin isothiocyanate, erythrosin B, fluoresamine, fluorescein-5 (6) -carboxyamidocaproic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, 5-isothiocyanate (is
othioscanante) diacetate, 4-methylumbelliferone, o-phthaldialdehyde, QFITC, rhodamine B isothiocyanate, rhodamine 101 acid chloride, tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate, 2 ′, 7′-difluorofluorescein, cyanine dye, Examples thereof include rhodamine and rare earth metal complexes, and rare earth metal complexes having a long emission lifetime are preferably used.

Examples of the rare earth metal constituting the rare earth metal complex include scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, and the like. And samarium, europium, terbium and dysprosium are preferably used.

The ligand constituting the rare earth metal complex together with the rare earth metal is not particularly limited as long as it can constitute a rare earth metal complex that reacts with the rare earth metal to generate fluorescence. For example, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 4, 7-bis- (chlorosulfophenyl) -1,10-
Phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxylic acid, 4,4′-bis-1 ″, 1 ″
, 1 ", 2", 2 ", 3", 3 "-heptafluoro-4", 6 "-hexanedione-6"
-Yl) -chlorosulfo-o-terphenyl, hexafluoroacetylacetone, triphenylphosphine oxide, diphenyl sulfoxide, 1,10-phenanthroline and the like.

Synthetic resin particles containing a compound that generates fluorescence are less likely to be reduced by coexisting substances in the fluid sample compared to when the compound that generates fluorescence is dissolved in the fluid sample. preferable.

Any conventional method may be employed as a method for causing the synthetic resin particles to contain the compound that generates fluorescence. For example, emulsion polymerization of a polymerizable monomer in the presence of a compound that generates fluorescence,
Examples thereof include a polymerization method by a polymerization method such as suspension polymerization.

Examples of the polymerizable monomer include aromatic vinyl compounds such as styrene, α-methylstyrene, o-vinyltoluene, m-vinyltoluene, and p-vinyltoluene; methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n -Propyl (meth) acrylate,
acrylates such as i-propyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, n-hexyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, and cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate; Vinyl cyanide compounds such as (meth) acrylonitrile and vinylidene cyanide; vinyl halide compounds such as vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl fluoride, vinylidene fluoride and tetrafluoroethylene; vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate Is mentioned.

The polymerizable monomer may be a copolymer of a monofunctional monomer or a polyfunctional monomer that is generally copolymerized when these polymerizable monomers are polymerized. Examples of the monofunctional monomer include (meth) Acrylic acid, maleic anhydride, glycidyl acrylate and the like can be mentioned. Examples of the polyfunctional monomer include divinylbenzene, (poly) ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, (poly) propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, and trimethylol. Examples thereof include propane tri (meth) acrylate.

Since the content of the compound that generates fluorescence in the synthetic resin particles decreases, the amount of generated fluorescence decreases and the measurement sensitivity decreases. 5-80 weight% is preferable in a synthetic resin particle, More preferably, it is 15-60 weight%.

The synthetic resin particles are preferably as small as possible, preferably 10 μm or less, more preferably 20 nm to 500 nm, and even more preferably 30 nm to 200 nm.
nm.

In order to synthesize such synthetic resin particles having a small particle diameter, it is only necessary to prepare and polymerize a fine droplet of a polymerizable monomer. For example, the polymerizable monomer and necessary components such as an emulsifier, a dispersant, and a polymerization initiator The mixed solution may be supplied to a homogenizer, a micromixer, a microchannel or the like to produce fine droplets and polymerized according to a conventional method.

The light scattering label is a compound or fine particles that can scatter light when irradiated with light, for example, colloidal fine particles of metal such as gold and silver, chalcogenite fine particles such as CdS and CdSe, polystyrene resin, polycarbonate Examples thereof include polymer fine particles such as resin and poly (meth) acrylic resin, inorganic oxide fine particles such as silica gel, alumina and titanium oxide, and core-shell fine particles formed by a combination of two or more of these. The polymer fine particles and inorganic oxide fine particles may be dyed, or fluorescent molecules or metal nanoparticles may be dispersed.

The size of the light scattering label particles is not particularly limited, but is generally 10 nm to 1 nm.
0 μm, preferably 50 nm to 500 nm, more preferably 70 to 200 n.
m.

The second specific binding member is capable of specifically binding to the analyte to be measured, and the analyte is sandwiched between the first specific binding member and the second specific binding member. Is something that can be done.

Accordingly, the second specific binding member differs depending on the substance to be measured and the first specific binding member, but for example, an enzyme, a microorganism, an antigen, an antibody, an antibody fragment, a lectin, a receptor, an ionophore, a proton Pumps, biological membranes, artificial biological elements, DNA molecules, RNA
1 selected from the group consisting of molecules, proteins, sugar chains, glycoproteins, and metalloproteins
Seeds or a mixture thereof.

Therefore, in the case of an immunoassay method, the substance to be measured is an antibody or an antigen, and an antigen or an antibody that reacts specifically with the first specific binding member and the second specific binding member is used. The

While the fluorescence or scattered light generated in the reaction part is reflected in the waveguide and propagates to the light output side edge surface, the fluorescence or scattered light that is not totally reflected in the waveguide is removed. It is preferable to reflect as much fluorescence or scattered light as possible in the waveguide.

Therefore, the distance from the reaction part to the light-exiting side edge surface is preferably at least twice the distance of one round trip in which the fluorescence or scattered light propagates by being totally reflected in the waveguide, and more preferably at least 20 times. It is.

The transparent base material layer is laminated on one surface of the waveguide via the first space layer, and when the specific binding substance is optically measured, the light from the light source passes through this layer and reacts. The portion is irradiated with an optically transparent material.

As the optically transparent material, the optically transparent material used for forming the above-described waveguide is preferably used.

The light absorption layer is laminated on the other surface of the waveguide through the second space layer, and is a layer that absorbs fluorescence or scattered light emitted from the waveguide. Therefore, the synthetic resin layer colored, particularly black, is preferable.

Examples of the synthetic resin include olefin resin, vinyl chloride resin, polystyrene resin, acrylic resin, ABS resin, fluorine resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, polyarylate resin, epoxy resin, silicon Thermoplastic resins such as epoxy resins and polyimide resins, thermosetting resins, and photocurable resins.

For coloring, a colorant may be kneaded into the synthetic resin, or a colorant layer may be laminated on the surface of the synthetic resin layer. Examples of the colorant include azo, phthalocyanine, selenium, and dyes. Organic colorants such as lakes; inorganic colorants such as carbon black, oxides, molybdenum chromates, sulfides / selenides, ferrocyanides, etc., and carbon black is preferred.

The first space layer and the second space layer are layers for injecting a fluid sample, and both layers are communicated so that the fluid sample can be injected at a time. In addition, both layers are layers into which a fluid sample is injected when a specific binding substance is optically measured, and fluorescence or scattered light that is not totally reflected out of fluorescence or scattered light propagating through a waveguide enters. .

The thickness of the first space layer and the second space layer is not particularly limited. However, when the thickness is reduced, it becomes difficult to introduce a fluid sample such as water, and when the thickness is increased, the lamination of the waveguide and the light absorption layer is reduced. Since it becomes difficult, 0.6-2000 micrometers is preferable.

If the thickness of the space layer is too thin, evanescent waves may reach the light absorption layer.
10-1500 micrometers is more preferable and 100-1000 micrometers is still more preferable. Further, when the thickness of the space layer is about 10 μm or less, it is preferable to make the light absorption layer larger than the refractive index of the fluid sample.

The transparent base layer does not need to transmit light except for the position corresponding to the reaction part, but rather absorbs the light emitted from the waveguide, so that the reaction part is formed on the outer surface of the transparent base layer. It is preferable that the light shielding layer is laminated except for the position corresponding to, and further, the light shielding layer preferably has a light absorption property.

The light-shielding layer only needs to have a light-shielding property, and examples thereof include aluminum foil, aluminum-deposited synthetic resin film, colored synthetic resin film, opaque paper, and opaque cloth. Moreover, since the above-mentioned light absorption layer also has light-shielding properties and light-absorbing properties, it can be suitably used.

The transparent base material layer is preferably provided with a communication hole for supplying the fluid sample to the first space layer.

Further, the light absorption layer is reflected so that the light irradiated to the reaction part is reflected, and the reaction part is irradiated again to improve the intensity of the fluorescence or scattered light converted or scattered by the fluorescent label or the light scattering label. It is preferable that the light reflecting layer is laminated at a position corresponding to the reaction portion on the second space layer side.

The light reflecting layer is not particularly limited as long as it reflects light rays. For example, a mirror,
An aluminum sheet etc. are mentioned.

Next, the optical measuring apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of the optical measuring apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a transparent waveguide, which specifically binds to a target substance bound to a second specific binding member to which a fluorescent label or a light scattering label is bound on one surface. The first specific binding member 11 that can constitute the object is fixed to form the reaction portion 12, and the side edge surface far from the reaction portion 12 is the light emission side edge surface 13.

On the reaction part 12 side of the waveguide 1, the end of the waveguide 1 and the end of the transparent base layer 2 are bonded by spacers 3 ′ and 3 ′ made of double-sided tape. A first space layer 4 is formed between the two.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a through hole for injecting a fluid sample into the space layer 4, and is formed in the transparent base material layer 2. Note that it is preferable that the spacer 3 ′ on the light output side edge surface 13 side is in line contact because the smaller the area in contact with the waveguide 1, the less influence on the measurement.

Further, the end of the waveguide 1 and the end of the light absorption layer 6 are bonded to each other on the opposite side of the waveguide 1 by the spacers 3 'and 3' made of double-sided tape. A second space layer 5 is formed between 6.

Further, the transparent substrate layer 2 and the light absorption layer 6 are sealed so as to form a container with spacers 3 and 3 so that the liquid sample filling the first space layer 4 and the second space layer 5 does not leak. (Some are not shown).

Further, the light output side edge of the waveguide, the transparent base material layer 2 and the light absorption layer 6 may be sealed with a film or the like having little optical influence for preventing liquid leakage.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the first space layer 4 and the second space layer 5 are communicated with each other at both sides, so that a fluid sample flows in.

In the optical measurement, a liquid sample is injected from the injection port 21, and the first space layer 4 and the second space layer 5 are injected.
The sample is filled with a liquid sample, light is irradiated from the light source to the reaction unit 12, and fluorescence or scattered light emitted from the light output side edge surface 13 of the waveguide 1 is measured by a light receiving element installed in the vicinity of the light output side edge surface 13. More done.

In the optical measurement apparatus, when the reaction unit 12 is irradiated with light from the light source, it is preferable that a slit is provided between the light source and the reaction unit 12 so that the light is irradiated only on the reaction unit 12. .

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing another example of the optical measuring apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. The optical measuring device shown in FIG. 3 is a vertical optical measuring device of the optical measuring device shown in FIGS.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a transparent waveguide, which specifically binds to a substance to be measured bound to a second specific binding member to which a fluorescent label or a light scattering label is bound below one surface. A first specific binding member 11 that can constitute a chemical binding substance is fixed to form a reaction portion 12, and an upper edge surface far from the reaction portion 12 is a light emission side edge surface 13.

The transparent base material layer 2 and the light absorption layer 6 are bonded to each other by spacers 3 and 3 made of double-sided tape, and the bottom surface is pasted by a bottom lid 31 to form a container. Is inserted, the first space layer 4 is formed between the waveguide 1 and the transparent base material layer 2, and the second space layer 5 is formed between the waveguide 1 and the light absorption layer 6.

A liquid sample inlet 22 is formed between the waveguide 1 and the transparent base material layer 2 at the upper end, between the waveguide 1 and the light absorption layer 6 and between the waveguide 1 and the spacer 3. The first spatial layer 4
As shown in FIG. 4, the second space layer 5 is communicated with both sides, and has a structure in which a fluid sample flows.

In the optical measurement, a liquid sample is injected from the inlet 22, and the first space layer 4 and the second space layer 5 are injected.
The sample is filled with a liquid sample, light is irradiated from the light source to the reaction unit 12, and fluorescence or scattered light emitted from the light output side edge surface 13 of the waveguide 1 is measured by a light receiving element installed near the upper part of the light output side edge surface 13. It is done from that.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing still another example of the optical measuring apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a plan view of FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

The optical measuring device shown in FIG. 5 is the same as the optical measuring device shown in FIG. 1 except that the light shielding layer 7 is laminated on the outer surface of the transparent base material layer 2. In the light shielding layer 7, a light incident hole 71 is formed at a position corresponding to the reaction part 12 and a through hole 72 communicating with the through hole 21 is formed.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing still another example of the optical measuring apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a transparent waveguide, which specifically binds to a target substance bound to a second specific binding member to which a fluorescent label or a light scattering label is bound at corresponding positions on both surfaces. The first specific binding member 11 that can constitute the specific binding substance is fixed to form the reaction parts 12 and 12, and the side edge surface far from the reaction part 12 is the light emission side edge surface 13.

On one surface of the waveguide 1, the end of the waveguide 1 and the end of the transparent substrate layer 2 are bonded by spacers 3 ′ and 3 ′ made of double-sided tape, and between the waveguide 1 and the transparent substrate layer 2. A first space layer 4 is formed. Reference numeral 21 denotes a through hole for injecting a fluid sample into the first space layer 4, and is formed in the transparent base material layer 2.

A light shielding layer 7 is laminated on the outer surface of the transparent substrate layer 2. In the light shielding layer 7, a light incident hole 71 is formed at a position corresponding to the reaction part 12 and a through hole 72 communicating with the through hole 21 is formed.

The other end of the waveguide 1 is bonded to the end of the waveguide 1 and the end of the light absorption layer 6 by spacers 3 ′ and 3 ′ made of double-sided tape. A second space layer 5 is formed on the surface. In addition, a reflective layer 61 is laminated on the light absorption layer 6 at a position corresponding to the reaction portion 12.

The first space layer 4 and the second space layer 5 are communicated with each other through a communication hole 14 formed in the waveguide 1. The shape of the communication hole 14 may be any shape as long as it allows a fluid sample to pass therethrough, and examples thereof include a circle, a square, and a rectangle. The number of the communication holes 14 may be one, or may be two or more. .

The position of the communication hole 14 can be any position as long as it is a position other than the reaction part 12.
It is preferable to drill directly under the through hole 21 drilled in the transparent base material layer 2.

The method for optically measuring a specific binding substance according to claim 9, wherein a fluid sample containing a second substance to be measured and a second specific binding member to which a fluorescent label or a light scattering label is bound, and a substance to be measured are used. The second specific substance, which is supplied to the first spatial layer and the second spatial layer of the optical measurement device according to any one of the above, and is bound with a fluorescent label or a light scattering label via the substance to be measured The binding member and the first specific binding member immobilized on the reaction part are bound to form a specific binding product, and then the specific binding product is irradiated with light and converted by a fluorescent label or a light scattering label. Alternatively, scattered fluorescence or scattered light is introduced into a waveguide, propagated while reflecting through the waveguide, and the fluorescence or scattered light emitted from the light output side edge surface is measured by a light receiving element.

Next, an optical measurement method for the specific binding substance according to claim 9 will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG.
0 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an optical measurement method for a specific binding substance using the optical measurement apparatus shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, and FIG. 11 is a diagram in which a fluorescent label or a light scattering label is bound. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state by which the specific binding substance which the 2nd specific binding member, the to-be-measured substance to-be-measured substance, and the 1st specific binding member couple | bonded is fixed to the reaction part surface.

In the figure, reference numeral 8 denotes a light source, which is installed above the light incident hole 71 of the light shielding layer 7. Reference numeral 9 denotes a light receiving element, which is disposed on the side of the light output side edge surface 13 of the waveguide 1.

In the method for optically measuring a specific binding substance, the first step is to prepare a fluid sample 15 in which a substance to be measured 16 mixed with a second specific binding member to which a fluorescent label or a light scattering label is bound, and a transparent substrate. This is a step of supplying the first space layer 4 and the second space layer 5 from the through hole 21 formed in the layer 2.

When the fluid sample 15 is supplied to the first space layer 4 and the second space layer 5, the second specific binding member to which the fluorescent label or the light scattering label is bound via the substance to be measured in the reaction unit 12. And the first specific binding member 11 fixed to the reaction part 12 bind to each other, and the specific binding substance 1
9 is formed.

That is, the fluid sample 15 containing the substance 16 to be measured and the second specific binding member 17 to which the fluorescent label or the light scattering label 18 is bound in a larger amount than the substance 16 to be measured contained in the fluid sample 15.
, The substance 16 to be measured specifically binds to the second specific binding member 17 to which the fluorescent label or the light scattering label 18 is bound, and the second specific binding member to which the substance 16 to be bound is bound. A fluid sample 15 including 17 and the second specific binding member 17 to which the substance 16 to be measured is not bound is obtained.

When the fluid sample 15 is supplied to the reaction unit 12, the substance 16 to be measured specifically bound to the second specific binding member 17 is converted into the first specific binding member 1 fixed to the reaction unit 12.
The second specific binding member 17 that specifically binds to one, the fluorescent label or the light scattering label 18 bound thereto, and the specific binding substance 19 that the analyte 16 and the first specific binding member 11 bind to each other.
Is formed.

Since the first specific binding member 11 is fixed to the reaction part 12, the specific binding substance 19 is fixed to the reaction part 12. Further, the second specific binding member 17 to which the excess fluorescent label or light scattering label 18 is bound is suspended in the fluid sample 15.

Next, the specific binding material 19 is irradiated with light, the fluorescence or scattered light converted or scattered by the fluorescent label or light scattering label 18 is introduced into the waveguide 1, propagates while reflecting through the waveguide 1, and is emitted. Fluorescence or scattered light emitted from the side edge surface 13 is measured by the light receiving element 9.

When light is irradiated from the light source 8 to the reaction unit 12 (fluid sample 15) through the light incident hole 71 as indicated by an arrow D, the fluorescence or scattering converted or scattered by the fluorescent label or the light scattering label 18 in the fluid sample 15. Light is generated.

The fluorescent or scattered light converted or scattered by the fluorescent label or light scattering label 18 bound to the second specific binding member 17 floating in the fluid sample 15 has a deep incident angle as indicated by the light E. Only the light rays it has enter the waveguide 1.

Since the ray E is a deep angle ray that is not totally reflected by one surface of the waveguide, the ray E is the waveguide 1.
And enters the fluid sample 15 in the second space layer 5 from the other surface of the waveguide 1, and is partially absorbed and partially reflected by the light absorption layer 6.

The reflected light beam E is incident again on the waveguide 1, and the first spatial layer 4 from one surface of the waveguide 1.
It enters the fluid sample 15 and is reflected by the light shielding layer 7. The reflected light beam E further enters the waveguide 1. The light E is repeatedly attenuated and is no longer attenuated.

On the other hand, the fluorescent or scattered light converted or scattered by the fluorescent label or light scattering label 18 contained in the specific binding substance 19 fixed to the reaction unit 12 is also a light beam having a shallow angle of incidence and a deep angle incident angle. However, a light beam having a deep angle of incidence is repeatedly reflected and absorbed as in the case of the light beam E, and is not attenuated.

As shown by the light beam F, the light beam having a shallow incident angle propagates while being totally reflected on the waveguide 1 and exits from the light output side edge surface 13, so that the emitted fluorescence or scattered light is received by the light receiving element 4. Receive light and measure by electrical processing. The emitted light beam may be received through a filter that selectively transmits fluorescence or scattered light.

As the light source, any known light source can be used, and examples thereof include lasers, light emitting diodes, flash lamps, arc lamps, incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, xenon lamps, mercury lamps, and the like. Usable, for example, visible light, ultraviolet light, infrared light, and the like.

As the light receiving element, any measuring device capable of sensing light can be used, but in general, a photodiode, a CMOS camera, a CCD camera, or the like is preferably used.

Since the configuration of the optical measurement apparatus of the present invention and the optical measurement method of a specific binding substance using the same is as described above, it can be easily irradiated using an arbitrary light source and fixed to the waveguide. The fluorescence or scattered light converted or scattered by the fluorescent label or light scattering label present in the unbound floating specific binder is attenuated when propagating through the waveguide and does not reach the optical measurement device. Specific separation can be measured at high speed with high sensitivity and accuracy without separation.

In addition, since the incident angle of fluorescence or dispersed light converted or scattered by the fluorescent label or light scattering label in the specific binding substance fixed to the reaction portion on the surface of the waveguide is shallow, the waveguide can be made thin. The light beam from the light-exit side edge surface becomes bright and has excellent measurement sensitivity, and the optical measuring device can be thinned. Therefore, the substance to be measured in the fluid sample can be measured at high speed with high sensitivity and accuracy.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1
Monoclonal antibody against human hemoglobin and human glycohemoglobin A1c
Preparation of Monoclonal Antibody Balb / c mice were immunized 4 times every 2 weeks with 100 μl of a solution (20 μg / ml) in which human hemoglobin and human glycohemoglobin A1c were sufficiently dispersed in Freund's complete adjuvant.

Two weeks after the end of immunization, the spleen of the immunized Balb / c mouse was excised and 106 splenocytes were obtained. The obtained splenocytes were fused and cultured in the presence of myeloma cells and PEG (polyethylene glycol). The supernatant of the proliferated cells was collected and examined for the presence or absence of each antibody by ELISA.

Cells positive for each antibody were tested by the limiting dilution method, and cells producing each antibody were confirmed. These cells are cultured in large quantities, injected into the peritoneal cavity of Balb / c mice, and ascites is collected every 3 days from 2 weeks, and a monoclonal antibody against human hemoglobin and human glycohemoglobin A are collected.
Monoclonal antibody against 1c was obtained.

Preparation of fluorescent synthetic resin particles 80 parts by weight of water and 1.5 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfonate are supplied to a glass polymerizer and stirred to dissolve sodium dodecyl sulfonate, and then 20 parts by weight of styrene, rare earth metal complex (Hexafluoroacetylacetone / trioctylphosphine oxide ligand complex coordinated to europium) 4 parts by weight and azobisisobutyronitrile 0,15 parts by weight are supplied and dispersed at high speed with a homogenizer while cooling to obtain an emulsion. Got.

The obtained emulsion was purged with nitrogen while being dispersed at high speed with a homogenizer, heated to 80 ° C. with warm water, and polymerized at 80 ° C. for 8 hours to obtain fluorescent synthetic resin particles having a volume average particle diameter of 120 nm.

Preparation of anti-human glycohemoglobin A1c antibody-adsorbing fluorescent synthetic resin particles Anti-human glycohemoglobin A1c antibody was dissolved in 0.05 M glycine buffer (pH 8.6) to obtain an antibody solution having a concentration of 1 mg / ml.

The obtained fluorescent synthetic resin particles were washed three times with 0.05 M glycine buffer (pH 8.6), and then 0.05 M glycine buffer (so that the fluorescent synthetic resin particle concentration was 1.0% by weight ( 0.5 ml of the obtained antibody solution was added to 1 ml of the resulting dispersion, and the mixture was stirred and mixed at 35 ° C. for 1 hour.

Next, 1 ml of bovine serum albumin 1.0 wt% phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.2) was added, stirred and mixed at room temperature for 1 hour, centrifuged (15000 rpm, 1 hour), and phosphate buffer solution. Washed with liquid (pH 7.2). After performing this centrifugation and washing three times, 2 ml of a phosphate buffer solution (into the obtained anti-human glycohemoglobin A1c antibody-adsorbed fluorescent synthetic resin particles (
pH 7.2) was added, and the mixture was stirred with an ultrasonic homogenizer, and anti-human glycohemoglobin A1c was added.
A dispersed phosphate buffer solution of antibody-adsorbed fluorescent synthetic resin particles was obtained.

Production of reaction part As the waveguide 1, a transparent polymethyl methacrylate sheet having a length of 10 mm, a width of 1 mm and a thickness of 100 μm was used, and the position of the reaction part 12 of the polymethyl methacrylate sheet (waveguide 1) was washed with distilled water. Thereafter, a monoclonal antibody against human hemoglobin and a monoclonal antibody against human glycohemoglobin A1c were added at a concentration of 0.1 mg / ml.
A buffer solution dissolved in M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 9.0) was supplied to the surface of the reaction unit 12 with an injection needle and allowed to stand at 30 ° C. for 1 hour.

Next, after washing with 0.1 M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 9.0), 1 of bovine serum albumin
. A 0 wt% phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.2) was supplied and allowed to stand at 30 ° C. for 1 hour to coat the surface of the reaction part 12 that was not covered with the above monoclonal antibody.

Next, after washing again with 0.1 M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 9.0), it was covered with 0.1 M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 9.0) and coated with a polymethyl methacrylate sheet (waveguide (A)
) The reaction part 12 was formed on the top.

Fabrication of optical measuring device The transparent polymethyl methacrylate sheet in which the reaction part 12 is fabricated is used as the waveguide 1, and the transparent base layer 2 is a transparent polymethyl methacrylate having a length of 10 mm, a width of 2 mm, and a thickness of 100 μm. A sheet was used, and a black ABS resin-based sheet having a length of 10 mm, a width of 2 mm, and a thickness of 100 μm made of ABS resin and carbon black was used as the light absorption layer 6 and the light shielding layer 7.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, a spacer 3 made of a black ABS resin sheet having a thickness of 0.5 mm and a width of 0.3 mm is pasted around one surface of the black ABS resin sheet (light absorption layer 6). ,
A polymethyl methacrylate sheet (waveguide 1) was pasted thereon to form a second space layer 5.

Next, a thickness of 0.5 mm is formed at both ends of the upper surface of the polymethyl methacrylate sheet (waveguide 1).
Then, a spacer 3 made of a black ABS resin sheet having a width of 0.3 mm is pasted, and a polymethyl methacrylate sheet (transparent substrate layer 2) having a circular through hole 21 having a diameter of 1 mm formed thereon is pasted. One spatial layer 4 was formed.

Further, a black ABS resin sheet (light shielding layer 7) in which a circular light incident hole 71 having a diameter of 1 mm and a square through hole 72 having a side of 1 mm are formed on a polymethyl methacrylate sheet (transparent substrate layer 2). Affixed to obtain an optical measuring device.

Preparation of blood sample for measurement Immediately after collecting the blood of a subject, sodium fluoride (blood anticoagulant) 10 per ml of whole blood
Next, 3 mg of blood was added to the hemolysis reagent and diluted 150 times to obtain a diluted blood sample.

The hemolysis reagent was polyoxyethylene (10) octylphenyl ether (Pharm).
0.1% by weight of manufactured by Inc., Inc., trade name "TritonX-100")
A 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.0) obtained by dissolving 0.1% by weight of tetrapolyphosphate was used as a removal reagent.

The obtained blood sample was measured using an A1c dedicated measuring device (liquid chromatography, manufactured by Kyoto Daiichi Kagakusha,
Supplied to the trade name “Hi-AutoA1cHA-8121” and human glycohemoglobin A1
c concentration was measured, and based on the result, the hemolysis reagent was further added to the blood sample to prepare blood samples for measurement having human glycohemoglobin A1c concentrations of 3%, 5%, 10% and 12%.

Measurement As shown in FIG. 8, the obtained blood sample for measurement was subjected to an excess of anti-human glycohemoglobin A.
After the dispersion phosphate buffer solution of the 1c antibody-adsorbing fluorescent synthetic resin particles is supplied and mixed, the mixture is allowed to stand for 5 minutes. And it supplied so that the 2nd space layer 5 might be filled, and it supplied to the reaction part 12.

Using a xenon lamp as the light source 8 and irradiating the reaction part 12 through the light incident hole 71 1000 times at an interval of 2000 times / second with a light beam of 0.1 J / Flash, using a photodiode as the light receiving element 4, a waveguide Wavelength 650 nm emitted from the light emission side edge surface 13 of (A)
The intensity of light in the vicinity was measured.

When the obtained light intensity and the human glycohemoglobin A1c concentration were plotted on a graph, a linear graph was obtained, and it was found that the human glycohemoglobin A1c concentration can be measured with the above optical measuring device.

It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the optical measuring device of this invention. It is AA sectional drawing in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the example from which the optical measuring device of this invention differs. FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 3. It is a schematic diagram which shows the further different example of the optical measuring device of this invention. FIG. 6 is a plan view of FIG. 5. It is BB sectional drawing in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the further different example of the optical measuring device of this invention. It is CC sectional drawing in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the optical measuring method of a specific binding material using the optical measuring apparatus shown in FIG. A state in which the second specific binding member to which the fluorescent label or the light scattering label is bound, the substance to be measured, and the specific binding substance to which the first specific binding member is bound are immobilized on the reaction surface. It is a schematic diagram.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waveguide 11 1st specific binding member 12 Reaction part 13 Light emission side edge surface 14 Communication hole 15 Fluid sample 16 Measured substance 17 2nd specific binding member 18 Fluorescent label or light-scattering label 19 Specific binding substance 2 Transparent substrate layer 21 Through hole 3, 3 ′ spacer 4 First space layer 5 Second space layer 6 Light absorption layer 61 Reflection layer 7 Light blocking layer 71 Light incident hole 72 Through hole 8 Light source 9 Light receiving element

Claims (12)

An apparatus for optically measuring a specific binding substance in a fluid sample, which specifically binds to a substance to be measured bound to a second specific binding member to which a fluorescent label or a light scattering label is bound. the reaction section in which the first specific binding member capable of constituting the specific binding substance is fixed is formed on at least one surface, and a transparent waveguide light exit side edge surface is formed on one side A transparent base material layer is laminated on one surface of the waveguide via a first space layer, and a light absorption layer is laminated on the other surface via a second space layer, the first space layer An optical measurement apparatus, wherein the second spatial layer is a layer for injecting a fluid sample, and the refractive index of the waveguide is larger than the refractive index of the fluid sample. The optical measurement apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a communication hole for supplying a fluid sample to the space layer is formed in the transparent base material layer. The optical measurement apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a light shielding layer is laminated on the outer surface of the transparent base layer except for a position corresponding to the reaction part.   4. The optical measuring device according to claim 3, wherein the light shielding layer is a light absorbing layer. The optical measurement according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a light reflection layer is laminated at a position corresponding to the reaction portion on the second space layer side of the light absorption layer. apparatus. The optical measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the waveguide is made of a material selected from the group consisting of glass, quartz, acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, and polystyrene resin. . 7. The light absorbing layer is a black layer made of a synthetic resin and a colorant.
The optical measuring device according to any one of the above. 8. The distance from the light output side edge surface of the waveguide to the reaction portion is at least twice as long as one round-trip distance in which fluorescence or scattered light propagates through total reflection in the waveguide. The optical measuring device according to any one of the above. The fluid sample containing the second specific binding member to which the fluorescent label or the light scattering label is bound, and the substance to be measured is used as the first of the optical measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 8. A second specific binding member that is supplied to the spatial layer and the second spatial layer and has a fluorescent label or a light scattering label bound thereto via a substance to be measured, and a first specific binding immobilized on the reaction part After binding the member and forming a specific binding substance, the specific binding substance is irradiated with light, and fluorescence or scattered light converted or scattered by the fluorescent label or light scattering label is introduced into the waveguide, and guided. A method for optically measuring a specific binding substance, characterized in that fluorescence or scattered light that propagates while reflecting off a waveguide and is emitted from an output side edge surface is measured by a light receiving element. 10. The specific binding according to claim 9, wherein the substance to be measured is an antibody or an antigen, and the first specific binding member and the second specific binding member are an antigen or an antibody that specifically binds thereto. Optical measurement method for objects. The method for optically measuring a specific binding substance according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the fluorescent label is a rare earth metal complex. 12. The method for optically measuring a specific binding product according to claim 9, wherein the fluorescent label is a synthetic resin particle containing a compound that generates fluorescence.

Images