JP4435728B2 - Counter magnetic separator - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a counter-pole magnetic separator using a permanent magnet.

Conventionally, a magnetic separator is used to separate a fine magnetic material (such as iron powder) contained in a raw material from a non-magnetic material. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a magnetic roll in which a magnetic induction disk made of a magnetic material is attached to both ends of an electromagnet core serving as a rotating shaft, and a coil portion is formed between the magnetic induction disks at both ends. An electromagnet counter-type magnetic force sorter arranged in parallel so that the magnetic poles of the induction disk are different is disclosed.

Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 32-8846

However, in the invention of Patent Document 1, since the rotating shaft to which the electromagnet is attached is rotated, the electromagnet of the magnetic roll to be paired has a high magnetic flux density, and these poles are attracted to each other, and repeated stress acts. For this reason, the rotating shaft needs to be stronger than the fatigue limit, the shaft diameter of the rotating shaft must be increased, the equipment becomes larger, and more power is required to obtain a high magnetic flux density. There was a problem. In addition, in the electromagnet type counter magnetic separator, the temperature of the magnetic roll increases due to the heat generated by the coil portion of the electromagnet.For example, when a material that is weak against heat such as a thermoplastic plastic mixed with iron powder is used as a raw material, There was also a problem that this magnetic separator could not be used.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a counter-pole magnetic separator that suppresses heat generation and saves power.

The counter-pole type magnetic separator according to the present invention that meets the above-mentioned object includes a fixed shaft arranged in parallel with a predetermined interval;
A hollow roll made of a non-magnetic material that is rotatably supported by the fixed shaft and is disposed to face the gap.
A magnetism generating section that is provided inside each of the opposing sides of the pair of hollow rolls and generates a magnetic field of different magnetic poles between the opposing hollow rolls fixedly disposed on the fixed shaft;
A motor that rotationally drives each of the hollow rolls,
The magnetism generator includes a central yoke and a permanent magnet disposed in the axial direction in contact with the yoke and facing the same magnetic pole so as to face each other. The magnetic poles have different polarities, and an annular magnetic body is provided at each of the yoke mounting positions of the opposed hollow rolls, and the opposing magnetic poles are disposed in the gaps of the annular magnetic bodies having different polarities. A supply device is provided for supplying the raw material from above the magnetic selection unit to be formed.

In the counter-pole type magnetic separator according to the present invention, it is preferable that a cross section of the permanent magnet is a partial ring.
In the counter magnetic separator according to the present invention, a plurality of the yokes may be provided with a gap in the axial direction.
In the counter magnetic separator according to the present invention, it is preferable that an annular groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the annular magnetic body.
In the counter magnetic separator according to the present invention, the annular magnetic body is preferably formed of a laminated electrical steel sheet.

In the counter type magnetic separator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, since the magnetism generator is provided with a permanent magnet fixed to the rotating shaft, heat generation can be suppressed as compared with a conventional electromagnet type counter magnetic separator. it can. In addition, since the permanent magnets are in contact with the yoke and are arranged in the axial direction with the same magnetic poles facing each other, the magnetic flux density can be increased. Furthermore, the magnetism generating portion is fixedly arranged on the fixed shaft, and the hollow roll made of a non-magnetic material that is opposed to each other with a gap is rotatably supported on the fixed shaft. Since the hollow roll lighter than the electromagnet is rotated, the power consumption for rotational driving can be reduced. In addition, since the raw material is supplied from above the magnetic force sorting portion that is arranged oppositely and formed in the gap between the annular magnetic bodies having different magnetic poles, the magnetic body in the raw material can be efficiently adsorbed by the annular magnetic body.

In particular, in the counter-pole magnetic separator according to claim 4, since the annular groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the annular magnetic body, the magnetic field is concentrated on the convex portion, and the magnetic flux density can be increased.
In the counter electrode type magnetic separator according to claim 5, since the annular magnetic body is formed of laminated electromagnetic steel plates, the steel plates are insulated from each other so that eddy currents are hardly generated, and heat generation can be further suppressed.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention.
Here, FIGS. 1 and 2 are respectively a front view and a side sectional view of a counter-pole magnetic separator according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are arranged opposite to each other. 5A to 5C are a front view, a partially cutaway side view, a partially enlarged view, and FIG. 6, respectively, of the magnetic roller. 7A to 7C are front view, a partially cutaway side view, and a partially enlarged view of an annular magnetic body according to a modified example of the same pole type magnetic separator. FIG.

With reference to FIGS. 1-7, the counter-pole type magnetic separator 10 which concerns on one embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
The counter electrode type magnetic separator 10 removes a magnetic material from a raw material such as a non-magnetic material (for example, epoxy resin) mixed with a fine magnetic material (for example, iron powder) and separates the non-magnetic material as a product. Device.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the counter-pole magnetic separator 10 is made of nonmagnetic stainless steel (SUS304) arranged in parallel with a predetermined interval on a support member 10 b provided on the gantry 10 a. The fixed shafts 11 and 12, and the non-magnetic material rotatably supported by the fixed shafts 11 and 12 and arranged to face each other with a gap, for example, hollow rolls 13 and 14 made of SUS304, and a pair of hollow Magnetic generators 15 and 16 that are respectively provided inside the opposed sides of the rolls 13 and 14 and are fixedly disposed on the fixed shafts 11 and 12 and generate magnetic fields of different magnetic poles between the opposed hollow rolls 13 and 14; It has motors 17 and 18 for rotationally driving the hollow rolls 13 and 14, respectively.

The fixed shaft 11, the hollow roll 13, and the magnetic generator 15 constitute a first rotor 19, and the fixed shaft 12, the hollow roll 14, and the magnetic generator 16 constitute a second rotor 20. Since the first rotor 19 and the second rotor 20 are arranged symmetrically except that the opposite polarities of the magnetic generators 15 and 16 are different from each other, the first rotor 19 will be described in detail. To do.

As shown in FIG. 3, the magnetic generator 15 of the first rotor 19 has a plurality of, for example, three yokes 21 having a ring-shaped cross section formed of a general structural rolled steel (SS400) which is an example of a magnetic body. The yokes 21 to 23 are fixed to the fixed shaft 11 with an interval. The yokes 21 to 23 are each positioned by a key 23a (see FIG. 4) provided on the fixed shaft 11. In addition, the magnetism generating portion 15 is in contact with the yokes 21 to 23, and has four sections with a partial annular shape (fan shape) in which the same magnetic poles face each other with the yokes 21 to 23 being in the center and fixed in the axial direction. It has permanent magnets 24-27.

The permanent magnets 24 to 27 have a central angle of 150 to 210 degrees, for example, 180 degrees. Further, the magnetism generator 15 abuts against the end portions of the permanent magnet 24 and the permanent magnet 27 arranged on both sides in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 11, respectively, and the thickness is half the thickness of the yokes 21 to 23, for example, Fixed disks 28 and 29 made of SS400 are provided. Here, for example, the permanent magnets 24 to 27 are arranged so that the yoke 21 is an S pole, the yoke 22 is an N pole, and the yoke 23 is an S pole.

Moreover, the notch part 30 (refer FIG. 6) is provided in each outer peripheral end part of the yokes 21-23 and the fixed discs 28 and 29, and the permanent magnets 24-27 are more than the yokes 21-23. It is formed so as to be reduced by the thickness of the notch 30. A non-magnetic material, for example, an annular protective cover 31 made of SUS304, is attached to the notch 30 to cover and protect the permanent magnets 24 to 27. Each of the permanent magnets 24 to 27 is formed by laminating a plurality of, for example, six small cross-sectional small magnets 32 arranged in the axial direction so that adjacent magnetic poles are different.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the yokes 21 to 23, the permanent magnets 24 to 27, and the fixed disks 28 and 29 are a plurality of communicating the yokes 21 to 23 and the fixed disks 28 and 29, For example, 12 bolts 33 and nuts 34 attached to the respective bolts 33 are fixed at predetermined positions of the fixed shaft 11, and the yokes 21 to 23 and the permanent magnets 24 to 27 are repelled and separated. It is preventing.

Bearing portions 35 and 35a are attached to both ends of the hollow roll 13, and the hollow roll 13 is rotatably attached to the fixed shaft 11 via the bearing portions 35 and 35a. Further, the bearing portion 35 is provided with a sprocket 36 a that rotationally drives the hollow roll 13 via a chain 36 that is moved by the motor 17. The chain 36 and the sprocket 36a are covered with a chain cover 36b. Furthermore, annular magnetic bodies 37 to 39 formed of SS400, which is an example of a magnetic body, are provided at the attachment positions of the yokes 21 to 23 of the hollow roll 13, respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C, a plurality of, for example, six hollow roll mounting portions 40 are formed in the annular magnetic bodies 37 to 39 at predetermined intervals, and through holes of the hollow roll mounting portions 40 are formed. A bolt (not shown) is inserted into 41, and the bolt is screwed to the hollow roll 13 and fixed. In addition, one or more, for example, five annular grooves 42 and inclined portions 43 that are obliquely cut out on the side surfaces are formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the annular magnetic bodies 37 to 39, and the magnetic field is concentrated on the convex portions 44. Increasing the magnetic flux density. The magnetic force of the permanent magnets 24 to 27 is induced by the annular magnetic bodies 37 to 39, and a high magnetic flux density is generated between the hollow rolls 13 and 14.

Here, the second rotor 20 disposed to face the first rotor 19 has yokes 45 to 47 that are fixed to the rotary shaft 12 so as to face the yokes 21 to 23, respectively. The magnetic poles of the yokes 45 to 47 are, for example, permanent so that the magnetic poles of the yokes 45 to 47 are N poles, S poles, and N poles. The magnets 48 to 51 are disposed in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 12 with the same magnetic poles facing each other in contact with the yokes 45 to 47.

Thereby, magnetic fields of different magnetic poles are generated between the hollow rolls 13 and 14. Further, the hollow roll 14 is provided with annular magnetic bodies 52 to 54 so as to face the annular magnetic bodies 37 to 39 of the hollow roll 13, and is formed by a gap between the annular magnetic bodies 52 to 54 and the annular magnetic bodies 37 to 39. A magnetic separation part 54a is formed. The position of the support member 10b of the gantry 10a is moved to adjust the interval between the fixed shafts 11 and 12, and the width (gap) of the magnetic force sorting unit 54a is set to a predetermined interval, for example, 1 to 20 mm according to the raw material to be supplied. It is trying to become.

Here, as shown in FIG. 6, for example, the yoke 22 of the magnetic generator 15 of the first rotor 19 is in contact with the same magnetic pole (N pole) facing each other with the yoke 22 at the center. The permanent magnets 25 and 26 are arranged to face each other, and the opposing magnetic poles cooperate to direct the magnetic lines of force outward in the radial direction of the hollow roll 13. Moreover, in the yoke 22, since the magnetic force of the permanent magnets 25 and 26 which are contact | abutting to the yoke 22 is synthesize | combined, the magnetic force generate | occur | produced on the radial direction outer side of the yoke 22 can be strengthened.

Furthermore, since the outer peripheral end of the yoke 22 protrudes radially outward from the outer periphery of the permanent magnets 25, 26, the magnetic lines passing through the yoke 22 are guided to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow roll 13, The rising direction of the magnetic lines of force can be made more perpendicular to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow roll 13.

Further, the annular magnetic body 38 provided at a position corresponding to the yoke 22 causes the magnetic field lines to rise more vertically, pass through the magnetic force sorting portion 54a, and the annular magnetic body of the second rotor 20 facing the annular magnetic body 38. Reach body 53. Here, since the permanent magnets 49 and 50 are in contact with the yoke 46 corresponding to the annular magnetic body 53 with the same magnetic pole (S pole) facing each other, the magnetic lines of force from the yoke 22 are attracted efficiently, and the magnetic flux The density can be increased. Further, the weak magnetic material such as fine iron powder to be selected can be adsorbed by the annular magnetic body 38 and the annular magnetic body 53 facing each other.

Further, the magnetic force sorting unit 54a generates a strong magnetic field of about 15000 to 25000 gauss (1.5 to 2.5 Tesla), for example, and the annular magnetic body 38 and the annular magnetic body 53 are separated by a predetermined gap (for example, Since the magnetic poles are opposite to each other with a gap of 3 mm, the magnetic field strength is inclined between the annular magnetic body 38 and the annular magnetic body 53. Thereby, the magnetic substance in the supplied raw material is easily adsorbed to the annular magnetic body 38 or the annular magnetic body 53. The same applies to the space between the annular magnetic body 37 and the annular magnetic body 52 and between the annular magnetic body 39 and the annular magnetic body 54 that are arranged to face each other.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the counter-pole magnetic separator 10 is attached to the gantry 10a and is placed above the magnetic separators 54a formed in the gaps between the paired annular magnetic bodies 37 to 39 and 52 to 54, respectively. The supply devices 55 to 57 for supplying the raw materials are attached to an upper cover 57 a provided above the first and second rotors 19 and 20. In addition, a vibration feeder 59 attached to the gantry 10a via a plurality of spring mechanisms 58 is installed above the supply devices 55-57.

In addition, below the gap between the paired annular magnetic bodies 37 to 39 and the annular magnetic bodies 52 to 54, the nonmagnetic material that falls without being attracted to the annular magnetic bodies 37 to 39 and 52 to 54 is discharged downward. A non-magnetic material discharge chute 60 is provided, and a container (not shown) for storing the discharged non-magnetic material is disposed below the non-magnetic material discharge chute 60.

Further, under the annular magnetic bodies 37 to 39 and under the annular magnetic bodies 52 to 54, they are attracted to the annular magnetic bodies 37 to 39 and the annular magnetic bodies 52 to 54, respectively, and are made permanent by the rotation of the hollow rolls 13 and 14. Magnetic material discharge chutes 61 and 62 for discharging magnetic materials falling in places where the magnets 24 to 27 and permanent magnets 48 to 51 have no magnetic force or weak magnetic force are provided, respectively, and further below the magnetic material discharge chutes 61 and 62. Are each provided with a container (not shown) for storing the discharged magnetic substance.

Also, between the non-magnetic material discharge chute 60 and the magnetic material discharge chute 61 and between the non-magnetic material discharge chute 60 and the magnetic material discharge chute 62, there are an annular magnetic body 37-39 and an annular magnetic body 52-54. Guide plates 63 and 64 are arranged so that the magnetic material falling from the magnetic material does not enter the non-magnetic material discharge chute 60. Further, an inspection window 65 for confirming the passage of the falling nonmagnetic material is provided on the side of the upper cover 57a.

Further, the guide plates 63 and 64 are arranged outside the guide plates 63 and 64 in contact with the annular magnetic bodies 37 to 39 and the annular magnetic bodies 52 to 54 and at positions without the permanent magnets 24 to 27 and the permanent magnets 48 to 51. Scrapers 66 and 67 for scraping off the magnetic material are provided. In addition, scraping means such as a brush may be provided in place of the scrapers 66 and 67. When the magnetic material naturally falls from the annular magnetic bodies 37 to 39 and the annular magnetic bodies 52 to 54, the scraper is removed. It does not have to be provided. The guide plates 63 and 64 and the scrapers 66 and 67 are arranged at predetermined positions by a moving mechanism (not shown).

Next, a method for separating magnetic materials by the counter-pole magnetic separator 10 will be described.
First, an epoxy resin powder mixed with fine iron powder as a raw material is put into the vibration feeder 59, and the gap between the annular magnetic bodies 37 to 39 and the annular magnetic bodies 52 to 54 is supplied via the supply devices 55 to 57. While supplying to the magnetic separation part 54a, the motors 17 and 18 are driven, and the hollow rolls 13 and 14 are rotationally driven through the chain 36 and the sprocket 36a so that the inner peripheral surfaces facing each other move downward.

At this time, the iron powder (magnetic material) in the raw material is adsorbed by the annular magnetic materials 37 to 39 and the annular magnetic bodies 52 to 54, and the epoxy resin (nonmagnetic material) falls as it is. The falling epoxy resin can be confirmed through the inspection window 65. The dropped epoxy resin is stored in the non-magnetic material container from the non-magnetic material discharge chute 60 and becomes a product. Further, the iron powder adsorbed on the annular magnetic materials 37 to 39 and 52 to 54 does not have the permanent magnets 24 to 27 and the permanent magnets 48 to 51 beyond the guide plates 63 and 64 due to the rotation of the hollow rolls 13 and 14. It is dropped at a place where the magnetic force is weak or scraped off by the scrapers 66 and 67 and stored in the magnetic material container from the magnetic material discharge chutes 61 and 62. In this way, the magnetic substance in the raw material can be removed.

An annular magnetic body 70 shown as a modification in FIGS. 7A to 7C is formed by laminating a plurality of, for example, six annular electromagnetic steel strips 71 having a thickness of 0.4 to 0.65 mm, for example, 0.6 mm. The laminated electromagnetic steel sheet 72 is formed. For example, six fixing members 73 for fixing the annular magnetic body 70 to the hollow rolls 13 and 14 are attached to both sides of the laminated electromagnetic steel plate 72 with a space therebetween, and bolts that penetrate the laminated electromagnetic steel plate 72 and the fixing members 73 on both sides. 74 is attached.

The fixing member 73 is formed with a through hole 75 into which a bolt (not shown) that is screwed and fixed to the hollow rolls 13 and 14 is inserted. Further, one or a plurality of, for example, five annular grooves 76 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the laminated electromagnetic steel sheet 72 to concentrate the magnetic field on the convex portion 77 and further increase the magnetic flux density. When the annular magnetic body 70 is used, the steel plates are insulated from each other and eddy currents are hardly generated, and heat generation can be further suppressed as compared with the case where the annular magnetic bodies 37 to 39 and 52 to 54 are used.

Next, examples carried out for confirming the effects of the present invention will be described. Here, FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the distance from the center and the magnetic flux density between the annular magnetic bodies which form a pair of the counter-pole magnetic separator according to the embodiment of the present invention.
When the gap between the opposing annular magnetic bodies of the counter-pole magnetic separator of the example was 3 mm, the intermediate position of the annular magnetic body was set to 0, and the magnetic flux density at each distance was measured. As shown in FIG. 8, it was found that the magnetic flux density produced in the gap between the annular magnetic bodies of the counter electrode type magnetic separator of the example was inclined, and the magnetic substance could be efficiently adsorbed.

Further, when a conventional electromagnet type counter magnetic separator was used as Comparative Example 1, the magnetic flux density was inclined as in the example, and the magnetic material could be adsorbed efficiently, but there was heat generated by the electromagnet. In addition, there is a problem that it cannot be used when a heat-sensitive material such as thermoplastic is used as a raw material. Furthermore, as a comparative example 2, in the counter-polarity magnetic separator of the example, when a counter-polar magnetic separator with the annular magnetic body removed from the hollow roll is used, the gap between the hollow rolls where the opposing yokes are arranged is used. However, since there is no inclination in the magnetic flux density, there is a problem that the magnetic material is difficult to adsorb and the magnetic material and the non-magnetic material cannot be separated.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be changed without changing the gist of the present invention. For example, some or all of the above-described embodiments and modifications are possible. The case where the counter-pole type magnetic separator of the present invention is configured by combining the above is also included in the scope of the present invention. For example, in the counter magnetic separator of the above embodiment, the yoke and the annular magnetic body are formed of SS400, but may be any magnetic body, and the hollow roll is formed of SUS304, but may be any non-magnetic body. .

Moreover, in the counter-pole type magnetic separator according to the embodiment, three yokes are provided on one rotating shaft, but 1, 2, or 4 or more may be attached. Although five annular grooves are provided in the annular magnetic body attached to the hollow roll, this is not restrictive. Further, the gap between the paired annular magnetic bodies can be adjusted by the raw material. The raw material may be a mixture of non-magnetic materials mixed with a magnetic material, and is not limited to an epoxy resin mixed with iron powder.

1 is a front view of a counter magnetic separator according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a sectional side view of the same counter-pole type magnetic separator. It is a plane sectional view of the magnetic roller arranged opposite to the counter-pole type magnetic separator. It is a front sectional view of the magnetic roller arranged opposite to the counter-pole type magnetic separator. (A)-(C) is a front view, a partially cutaway side view, and a partially enlarged view, respectively, of an annular magnetic body of the counter-pole magnetic separator. It is principal part explanatory drawing of the same counter-pole type magnetic separator. (A)-(C) are the front view of the cyclic | annular magnetic body which concerns on the modification of the same counter-pole type | formula magnetic separator, respectively, a partially notched side view, and a partial enlarged view. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the distance from the center between the annular magnetic bodies used as the pair of the counter-pole type magnetic separator of the Example of this invention, and magnetic flux density.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10: Counter-pole type magnetic separator, 10a: Mount, 10b: Support member, 11, 12: Fixed shaft, 13, 14: Hollow roll, 15, 16: Magnetic generation part, 17, 18: Motor, 19: 1st Rotor, 20: second rotor, 21-23: yoke, 23a: key, 24-27: permanent magnet, 28, 29: fixed disk, 30: notch, 31: protective cover, 32: small magnet 33: bolt, 34: nut, 35, 35a: bearing, 36: chain, 36a: sprocket, 36b: chain cover, 37-39: annular magnetic body, 40: hollow roll mounting portion, 41: through hole, 42: Annular groove, 43: inclined portion, 44: convex portion, 45-47: yoke, 48-51: permanent magnet, 52-54: annular magnetic body, 54a: magnetic force sorting portion, 55-57: supply device, 57a: Upper cover, 58: spring mechanism, 5 : Vibration feeder, 60: Non-magnetic material discharge chute, 61, 62: Magnetic material discharge chute, 63, 64: Guide plate, 65: Inspection window, 66, 67: Scraper, 70: Annular magnetic material, 71: Electromagnetic steel Belt, 72: Laminated electrical steel sheet, 73: Fixing member, 74: Bolt, 75: Through hole, 76: Circular groove, 77: Projection

Claims (5)

A fixed shaft arranged in parallel with a predetermined interval;
A hollow roll made of a non-magnetic material that is rotatably supported by the fixed shaft and is disposed to face the gap.
A magnetism generating section that is provided inside each of the opposing sides of the pair of hollow rolls and generates a magnetic field of different magnetic poles between the opposing hollow rolls fixedly disposed on the fixed shaft;
A motor that rotationally drives each of the hollow rolls,
The magnetism generating unit includes a central yoke and a permanent magnet disposed in the axial direction in contact with the yoke and facing the same magnetic pole so as to face each other. The magnetic poles have different polarities, and an annular magnetic body is provided at each of the yoke mounting positions of the opposed hollow rolls, and the opposing magnetic poles are disposed in the gaps of the annular magnetic bodies having different polarities. A counter electrode type magnetic separator having a supply device for supplying a raw material from above the magnetic separator to be formed. 2. The counter-pole magnetic separator according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet has a partial annular cross section. The counter-pole type magnetic separator according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the yokes are provided with a gap in the axial direction. The counter-pole type magnetic separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an annular groove is formed on an outer peripheral surface of the annular magnetic body. 5. The counter magnetic separator according to claim 1, wherein the annular magnetic body is formed of a laminated electromagnetic steel sheet.

Images