JP4433621B2 - Distributed fuel injection pump - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention relates to a distributed fuel injection pump for a diesel engine that controls a fuel injection amount by displacement of a spill ring position.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  The mechanical distribution type fuel injection pump transmits the rotation of the throttle lever linked to the accelerator pedal and the operation of the governor that detects the rotation speed of the drive shaft linked to the engine rotation to the spill ring via the governor link, The spill ring is displaced. The spill ring is fitted on the plunger of the plunger pump, and the fuel injection amount is controlled by adjusting the opening time of the spill port provided in the plunger to the pump chamber. The distributed fuel injection pump is provided with an altitude compensator using a bellows and a supercharging pressure compensator using a diaphragm to compensate the fuel injection amount according to the atmospheric pressure and the intake negative pressure.
[0003]
  The governor link is composed of a group of levers such as a control lever and a tension lever. The control lever has a support shaft at the lower part, the lower end is engaged with the spill ring, and the upper part is pressed by the governor sleeve of the governor. The tension lever has a support shaft at the lower end, the upper end portion is connected to the throttle lever via a throttle link, and the intermediate portion is connected to the control lever via elastic contact means such as a start spring and an idle spring. Energize in the increasing direction.
[0004]
  The control lever and the tension lever are provided with a guide lever for guiding the displacement, and the guide lever is positioned on the pump housing by an adjusting bolt. A supporting lever with a reverse Anglich is interposed between the control lever and the spill ring, with a reverse Anglich that moves the spill ring toward the direction of fuel increase when the rotational speed further increases from the full load state. Governor links are also in practical use.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  The present invention provides a structure that makes it easy to properly adjust the injection amount in a distributed fuel injection pump by mechanical control, and prevents smoke generation and engine output instability over a long period of time. Is an issue.
[Claims1, 2Issues]
  In recent years, the demand for reducing the smoke (black smoke) emitted from diesel engines has decreased, and the upper limit value of the injection amount at start-up has decreased, and the tolerance of the injection amount has decreased. The starting injection amount is the lower limit from the viewpoint of startabilityButThe upper limit is determined from the viewpoint of preventing the occurrence of smoke. In the conventional distribution type fuel injection pump, the injection amount at the start is adjusted (initial setting) step by step by changing the parts of the altitude compensator or the boost pressure compensator. For this reason, adjustment of the injection quantity at the time of starting is troublesome, and accurate adjustment is difficult.
[0006]
  Claim1, 2An object of the present invention is to provide an altitude compensator or a boost pressure compensator that can adjust the injection amount at start-up precisely and easily by rotating the push rod about an axis and fixing the push rod to the rotating position. It is in. It is desirable to set the rotation position stepwise in advance and attach a fixing means that can be fixed at the set position.
[0007]
[Claims3Issues]
  The bellows used in the altitude compensator has dimensional variations. In the altitude compensator using the bellows, the adjustment (initial setting) of the injection amount at the start of the control arm is adjusted for dimensional variations by the shim thickness inserted between the bellows and the push rod. Adjustment of this dimension is greatly affected by the thickness of the shim, and only stepwise adjustment is possible. Therefore, proper adjustment of the injection quantity at the time of starting is troublesome and difficult.
[0008]
  Claim3The purpose of the invention described in the above is to change the relative rotation position of the bellows and the push rod about the axis, thereby making it possible to set the vertical position of the push rod steplessly and appropriately adjusting the injection amount at the start. Is to provide an altitude compensator that can quickly and easily.
[0009]
[Claims4Issues]
  In the altitude compensator and the boost pressure compensator, the taper portion of the push rod, both ends of the connecting pin, and the pin contact surface of the control arm are worn over time due to sliding. This wear causes smoke generation by shifting the altitude compensator and the boost pressure compensator from the appropriate value to the side where the injection amount increases. For this reason, it is necessary to replace the connecting pin and the push rod. However, the conventional structure requires the removal of the control arm, and there is a problem that the serviceability of the maintenance is low.
[0010]
  Claim4An object of the invention described in the above is to provide an altitude compensator or a supercharging pressure compensator that can easily replace a push rod and a connected product without requiring disassembly and assembly of the device. Another object of the present invention is to provide an altitude compensator or a supercharging pressure compensator in which a control arm has excellent wear resistance and can achieve long-term maintenance-free operation.
[0011]
[Claims5Issues]
  In the altitude compensator and the supercharging pressure compensator, the control arm and the tension lever are in sliding contact with each other, so that the tip, which is the action portion of the control arm, wears with time due to sliding. The wear causes the altitude compensator and the supercharging pressure compensator to shift from the appropriate values to the side where the injection amount increases and cause smoke. For this reason, it is necessary to periodically replace the control arm, which increases the maintenance cost.
[0012]
  Claim5The purpose of the invention described in the above is to increase the durability due to wear of the action part of the control arm and maintain an appropriate injection amount over a long period of time, so that it is possible to maintain maintenance-free altitude compensation device or supercharging pressure compensation In providing equipment.
[0013]
[Claims6Issues]
  The supercharging pressure compensator includes a diaphragm that is attached by closing an opening provided in the housing, a diaphragm cover that is fastened to the housing so as to cover the diaphragm, and a push rod that is attached through the center of the diaphragm. . It is necessary to initially set the position of the tapered portion provided on the push rod so that the injection amount is appropriate. Conventionally, a BCS maximum boost injection quantity adjustment mechanism has been proposed in which a slidable inclined surface member is attached to the rear surface of the diaphragm cover, and the upper end of the push rod is pressed and positioned by the inclined surface member. In this configuration, it is necessary to attach a displaceable inclined surface member to the back surface of the diaphragm cover, which increases the number of components.
[0014]
  An object of the present invention is to provide a supercharging pressure compensator that can form an injection amount adjusting mechanism for increasing the maximum boost by forming a diaphragm cover and can achieve adjustment of the position of the push rod without increasing the number of parts. .
[0015]
[Claims7Issues]
  In order to reduce the smoke at the time of starting, it is essential to reduce the variation in the starting amount of the injection amount. For this purpose, it is important to be able to adjust the starting increase etc. from the outside in order to adjust the injection characteristics while being assembled to the injection pump without disassembling the altitude compensator or the boost pressure compensator.
[0016]
  Claim7The purpose of the invention described in (1) is to make adjustment of the start increase so that the position of the support shaft of the control arm of the altitude compensator or supercharging pressure compensator can be adjusted from the outside, and smoke can be easily reduced with a simple structure. To provide a mechanism.
[0017]
[Claims8Issues]
  In the governor link provided with the reverse angle spring, the injection amount at the start-up is reduced not only in the accelerator fully closed state but also in the accelerator fully open state. For this reason, if the setting corresponding to the countermeasure against smoke is performed, there is a possibility that the start-up injection amount is excessively reduced and the start-up is impossible under a specific use condition.
[0018]
  Claim8The object of the present invention is to make the contact between the upper end of the tension lever and the control arm that is rotated by the altitude compensator or the boost pressure compensator with a spring having a set load larger than the set load of the main spring. Therefore, it is to achieve both reduction of smoke at the start and prevention of deterioration of startability.
[0019]
[Claims9Issues]
  In the governor link provided with the reverse angle spring, the supporting lever may fall in a direction in which the injection amount decreases due to gravity on the slope, and the engine output may be lowered to lower the climbing performance.
[0020]
  Claim9The purpose of the invention described in is to limit the tilting of the supporting lever provided between the control lever and the spill ring due to gravity on the slope by the combination of the inclination detection device and the electromagnetic solenoid dashpot, and the injection amount with a simple configuration The purpose of this is to prevent the climbing performance from decreasing and the engine from stopping.
[0021]
[Claims10Issues]
  The connection between the accelerator lever (adjusting lever) and the upper end of the tension lever is a rod disposed through the upper end of the tension lever, a damper spring seat fixed to the penetrating portion of the rod, and the damper spring seat A governor link made by an accelerator link provided with a damper spring arranged between the tension lever is in practical use. In this type of governor link, the contact surface between the damper spring seat and the tension lever is planar contact. For this reason, when the inclination of the tension lever is increased, contact between the edge of the damper spring seat and the flat surface of the tension lever is likely to cause discontinuity of response.
[0022]
  Claim10The object of the present invention is to provide a rod that connects the accelerator lever and the upper end of the tension lever.Universal jointTherefore, there is provided a link mechanism in which the contact between the tension lever and the damper spring seat can always be brought into contact with the surface, and the rotation of the accelerator lever and the rotation of the tension lever can be smoothly interlocked.
[0023]
[Claims11Issues]
  In order to suppress the jumping that occurs when the nozzle is seated on the needle and prevent gas from entering the nozzle, various techniques have been proposed on the injection nozzle side. However, all of the conventional devices require a significant change in the structure, such as changing the structure of the nozzle tip packing part, or providing an oil damper chamber and adding a piston.
[0024]
  Claim11The purpose of the invention described in the above is to limit the fuel leakage from the spill port on the spill ring side to smooth the pressure drop, to suppress the jumping that occurs when the nozzle needle is seated, and to reduce the gas flow to the injection nozzle at low cost. An object of the present invention is to provide a distributed fuel injection pump that can prevent intrusion.
[0025]
[Claims12Issues]
  In order to prevent a user from re-adjusting an initially set adjustment screw such as a full load stopper bolt that supports the upper end of the guide lever of the governor link, a cap made of a metal plate is put on the adjustment screw. There is a problem that the user breaks and removes the cap and readjusts.
[0026]
  Claim12The purpose of the invention described in the above is to reinforce the sealing device of the adjusting screw sealed with a metal plate cap with an easy configuration so that the sealing cannot be easily broken, and can be easily applied to an existing cap. To provide a strong sealing device.
[0027]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  Claim1, 2The invention described in (1) is a plunger that is driven by a drive shaft and reciprocates while rotating in a cylinder of a plunger pump, a spill ring that opens and closes a spill port provided in the plunger, and controls an injection amount. In a distributed fuel injection pump with a governor link that adjusts the position of the spill ring according to the driving conditions of the vehicle, the bellows expands and contracts according to atmospheric pressure or is displaced according to intake negative pressure A push rod that is connected to a diaphragm that moves up and down, an interlocking pin that is in sliding contact with a tapered portion provided on the push rod, and a pivot shaft that is pivotally mounted around the support shaft. It has an altitude compensator or supercharging pressure compensator with a control arm that acts on the link, and pushes the taper. In addition to being formed eccentrically with respect to the rod axis, rod adjustment means to adjust the mounting angle around the axis of the push rod has been added so that the position of the interlocking pin can be adjusted by adjusting the mounting angle of the push rod. It is characterized by.
[0028]
  Claim3The invention described inThe lower end of the control arm is in contact with the upper end of the governor link,The bellows and the push rod are connected by screwing a screw provided on the bellows and a screw provided on the push rod, and an urging means for urging the screwed portion in the axial direction is provided. .
[0029]
  Claim4The invention described inThe lower end of the control arm is in contact with the upper end of the governor link,The interlocking pin and the control arm are characterized in that the tip surface of the stopper bolt screwed to the control arm and the end surface of the interlocking pin are in contact with each other and wear reduction means is applied to the tip surface of the stopper bolt.
[0030]
  Claim5The invention described inThe lower end of the control arm is in contact with the upper end of the governor link,The governor link has a tension lever that has a support shaft in the lower part and whose upper end is in contact with the control arm. The lower end of the control arm and the upper end of the tension lever are pulleys provided on the control arm or tension lever. It is characterized by contacting through.
[0031]
  Claim6According to the invention described in claim 1, there is provided a diaphragm which is attached by closing an opening provided in the housing, a diaphragm cover which is fastened to the housing so as to cover the diaphragm, a push rod which is attached through the center of the diaphragm, and the push rod A diaphragm cover having an interlocking pin slidably in contact with a taper portion provided on the shaft, a control arm attached to be rotatable about a spindle, an upper end abutting on the interlocking pin, and a lower end abutting on an upper end of the governor link. And a supercharging pressure compensator provided with a fastening position adjusting means for adjusting the fastening position of the diaphragm cover by forming an inclined surface with which the upper end of the push rod abuts by press molding.
[0032]
  Claim7The invention described inThe lower end of the control arm is in contact with the upper end of the governor link,The support shaft has both end portions rotatably supported by the housing, and an intermediate portion which is displaced from the both end portions and to which the control arm is fixed, and a fastening means is attached to either one of the both end portions, The position of the control arm is variable.
[0033]
  Claim8The invention described inThe lower end of the control arm is in contact with the upper end of the governor link tension lever.An arm spring S2 is interposed between the lower end of the control arm and the upper end of the tension lever, and the arm spring S2 is set against the set load Y1 of the main spring S1 interposed between the accelerator lever and the upper end of the tension lever. The set load Y2 is characterized in that Y1 <Y2.
[0034]
  Claim9The invention described in,In the Banalink, a supporting lever is interposed between the control lever and the spill ring, and an electromagnetic solenoid dashpot whose stroke is controlled by the output of the tilt detector mounted on the vehicle is attached to the upper end of the supporting lever. The amount of rotation is limited, and the supporting lever is prevented from falling in the direction of decreasing the injection amount on a slope.
[0035]
  Claim10The invention described inAThe accelerator lever and tension lever are connected to the accelerator lever via one end of the control spring, and the other end is inserted through a hole formed in the upper end of the tension lever, and the damper spring seat and damper spring seat fixed to the insertion portion In the distribution type fuel injection pump, which is made of a rod having a damper spring interposed between the tension lever and the contact surface between the damper spring seat and the tension lever is a flat surface, a universal joint is provided at the intermediate portion of the rod. It is characterized by.
[0036]
  Claim11The invention described in, SuA throttle for limiting the fuel spill amount in the high-pressure chamber is provided at the spill port open side end of the pill ring to smooth the pressure drop of the pressure-feed fuel.
[0037]
  Claim12The invention described in, KeyA bolt sealing cap that seals the adjusting bolt, and an outer cap is put on the cap and fixed with an adhesive.
[0038]
[Operation and effect of the invention]
  Claim1, 2In the invention described in the above, the rod adjusting means is formed such that the taper portion of the push rod is eccentrically formed by a predetermined distance from the push rod shaft, and the push rod is rotatably fitted to the rod bush and fixed at a predetermined rotating position. Is attached. For this reason, the contact position of the taper part of a push rod and an interlocking pin can be adjusted easily and correctly by rotating a push rod, setting to a predetermined position, and latching. As a result, the reduction of smoke emission and the smooth startability of the engine can be realized at a low cost without depending on the component replacement. The push rod fixing means is advantageous in that a combination of a number of axial grooves and knock pins provided around the outer periphery of the push rod can be easily adjusted.
[0039]
  Claim3In the invention described in (1), the bellows and the push rod are connected by screwing. Thereby, the variation in the dimensions of the bellows can be adjusted steplessly by the relative rotation of the two. The change in the position of the bellows and the push rod due to vibration can be prevented by installing a spring at the threaded portion to provide thrust and preventing rotation. As a result, it is possible to quickly and easily properly adjust the injection amount at the time of starting, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of smoke and the deterioration of engine startability.
[0040]
  Claim4In the invention described in 1), the contact between the other end of the interlocking pin whose one end is engaged with the tapered portion of the push rod and the control arm is performed by a screw threadedly engaged with the control arm. For this reason, it is possible to easily replace the interlocking pin and the push rod by removing the screw. Further, long-term maintenance-free operation can be realized by providing wear-resistant means on the contact surface of the screw with the connecting pin. As a result, it is possible to quickly and easily properly adjust the injection amount at the time of starting, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of smoke and the deterioration of engine startability.
[0041]
  Claim5In the invention described in (1), the contact between the control arm and the upper end of the tension lever is performed by a pulley provided at the action portion of the control arm. For this reason, since the contact portion rotates and durability due to wear can be increased, maintenance for preventing occurrence of smoke and deterioration of engine startability is not required over a long period of time, and the cost required for replacement of parts can be reduced. .
[0042]
  Claim6In the invention described in (2), since it is possible to form an inclined surface that presses the head of the push rod that is attached through the center of the diaphragm only by pressing the diaphragm cover, the boost pressure compensation is achieved at a low cost with the minimum number of parts. An injection amount adjusting mechanism for increasing the maximum boost of the push rod of the apparatus can be formed.
[0043]
  Claim7In the invention described in (1), the control arm support shaft is formed in a bowl shape, and a deviation is provided between the positions of both ends of the support shaft attached to the housing and the intermediate portion of the support shaft holding the control arm. The position of the control arm can be adjusted by rotating the shaft. By providing the means for fastening the support shaft at one or both ends protruding out of the housing, it is possible to adjust the reduction of smoke at the start from the outside, and to prevent the occurrence of smoke and deterioration of engine startability Adjustment work is greatly facilitated.
[0044]
  Claim8In the invention described in (1), the control arm that is rotated by the altitude compensator or the supercharging pressure compensator is brought into contact with the upper end of the tension lever via a spring. Since the set load of this spring is larger than the set load of the accelerator lever and the main spring, in the injection pump having the governor link with the reverse angle spring, the smoke is reduced and the startability is improved with a simple configuration. Can be achieved at the same time.
[0045]
  Claim9In the invention described in (4), the falling of the supporting lever due to gravity on the slope is limited by the electromagnetic solenoid dashpot that is displaced by the output of the inclination detecting device. As a result, the reverse angle characteristic becomes appropriate with a simple configuration, and the supporting lever falls on the slope in the direction of decreasing the injection amount due to gravity, preventing the engine output from falling and the climbing performance falling or stopping the engine. it can.
[0046]
  Claim10In the invention described in (1), the connection between the accelerator lever and the upper end of the tension lever is a rod disposed through the upper end of the tension lever, a damper spring seat fixed to the penetrating portion of the rod, and the damper spring seat And an accelerator link with a damper spring arranged between the tension lever and the rod.Universal jointThe surface contact is ensured in the entire range of contact between the tension lever and the damper spring seat. Therefore, the rotation of the accelerator lever and the rotation of the tension lever can be accurately proportional, the injection characteristic with respect to the engine load becomes appropriate, and a stable output of the engine can be obtained.
[0047]
  Claim11In the invention described in (1), since the spill passage having a throttling function is provided in the spill ring, the pressure drop of the plunger pump can be moderated. Therefore, jumping that occurs when the nozzle is seated on the needle can be prevented, and gas in the cylinder can be prevented from entering the injection nozzle. For this purpose, since it can be carried out by a simple process such as providing a slit in the spill ring, an increase in cost can be ignored.
[0048]
  Claim12In the invention described in (1), since the outer cap is put on the cap that seals the initially set adjusting screw, such as a full load stopper bolt, and is fixed with an adhesive, the sealing device is remarkably strengthened. For this reason, the function to prevent the user from readjusting the initially set adjustment screw is enhanced. Moreover, the sealing reinforcement of the adjusting screw sealed with the existing cap can be easily performed.
[0049]
Of the inventionImplementationForm of]
[Example 1]
  Example 1Will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows an altitude compensator 1 for a distributed fuel injection pump. The altitude compensator 1 is provided with a housing 10 having a bellows chamber 11 opened upward at an upper portion and an arm chamber 12 opened downward at a lower portion. The bellows chamber 11 has a bush hole 111 formed vertically below, and a rod bush 112 is fitted in the bush hole 111.
[0050]
  The upper end opening of the bellows chamber 11 is closed with a bellows cover 13, and a communication port 113 with the atmosphere is formed on the side. The bellows cover 13 is formed with a cylindrical upper bulging portion 131 at the center, a middle container portion 132 is formed in the middle, and an outer periphery is a fastening edge 134 that is fastened to the housing 10 by four screws 133. Yes.
[0051]
  The bellows 14 is vertically installed with the upper part accommodated in the bellows cover 13 and the lower part accommodated in the bellows chamber 11. A push rod 15 is coaxially connected below the bellows 14, and a lower portion of the push rod 15 is slidably inserted into the rod bush 112.
[0052]
  The bellows 14 has a columnar head 141 at the center of the upper end, and a columnar leg 142 at the center of the lower end. The columnar head 141 is fitted into the upper bulging portion 131 of the bellows cover 13, and the lower end is fitted into a connection hole 151 provided at the upper end of the push rod 15. The push rod 15 has a flange 152 fixed to the upper end and a tapered portion 153 at the lower end. A spring 154 that biases the push rod 15 upward is attached to the flange 152.
[0053]
  On the side of the bush hole 111, a pin hole 161 that connects the bush hole 111 and the upper portion of the arm chamber 12 to the partition wall is opened horizontally, and the pin bush 162 is fitted into the pin hole 161. ing. The pin bush 162 is slidably fitted with an interlocking pin 16 whose right end contacts the tapered portion 153 and is displaced in the axial direction.
[0054]
  A control arm 2 having a support shaft 21 in the middle is rotatably attached to the arm chamber 12. The control arm 2 is provided with a pin receiving portion 22 that engages with the left end of the interlocking pin 16 at the upper end, and a lever contact portion 23 that engages with the upper end of the tension lever 31 of the governor link 3 at the lower end. . A plug screw hole 163 is formed in the housing 10 on the left side of the pin receiving portion 22, and a blind plug 164 is screwed. An arm spring 165 is interposed between the blind plug 164 and the pin receiving portion 22.
[0055]
  In the altitude compensator 1, when the atmospheric pressure decreases, the bellows 14 expands and the push rod 15 descends to displace the interlocking pin 16 in contact with the tapered portion 153 to the left in the figure. As a result, the control arm 2 rotates counterclockwise as indicated by the arrow, and the tension lever 31 rotates clockwise. As a result, the control lever 32 arranged to be rotatable around the lower support shaft P1 is rotated in the clockwise direction, is connected to the lower end of the control lever 32, and is externally fitted to the plunger 41 of the plunger pump 4. Further, the spill ring 42 is displaced to the left in the drawing, and the opening time of the spill port 43 is advanced, so that the injection amount at the time of starting is reduced.
[0056]
  Example 1Then, with respect to the shaft center 15A of the push rod 15, the shaft center 15B is decentered by a distance E as shown in FIG. The push rod 15 is provided with rod adjusting means 17 for locking the push rod 15 whose angle around the shaft can be changed at the change position. The rod adjusting means 17 includes eight vertical grooves 171 provided on the outer periphery of the push rod 15 at intervals of 45 degrees, and knock pins 172 protruding from the inner wall of the rod bush 112. The longitudinal groove 171 is set to a dimension that is slidably fitted to the knock pin 172.
[0057]
  In the present invention, the injection amount at the time of starting is adjusted by changing the angle of the push rod 15. When it is desired to reduce the injection amount at the time of starting, the push rod 15 is rotated around the axis to change the angle, and the set position of the interlocking pin 16 is displaced rightward in the drawing. As a result, the control arm 2 rotates in the counterclockwise direction, and the starting injection amount becomes small. In order to increase the starting injection amount, the interlocking pin 16 is displaced leftward in the drawing.
[0058]
  In the present invention, since the taper portion 153 is formed by decentering the shaft center 15B by the distance E with respect to the shaft center 15A of the push rod 15, the injection at the start is performed by a simple means of changing the angle of the push rod 15. The initial setting of the quantity can be easily adjusted. The number of the longitudinal grooves 171 can be arbitrarily set, and the rod adjusting means 17 may be other than the combination of the longitudinal grooves 171 and the knock pins 172 as long as the push rod 15 can be fixed at a predetermined angle. .
[0059]
[Example 2]
  FIG.Example 2Indicates. The bellows 14 used in the altitude compensator 1 has dimensional variations in product length. For this reason, it is necessary to adjust in order to obtain an appropriate setting position of the push rod 15. In this invention, the lower end of the bellows 14 and the upper end of the push rod 15 are connected steplessly by a distance adjusting mechanism 18 using a screw. Yes.
[0060]
  The distance adjusting mechanism 18 has a female screw 181 formed at the upper end (on the bellows 14 side) of the push rod 15, and a screw 182 that can freely adjust the variation in dimensions of the bellows 14 is screwed into the female screw 181. In order to prevent the position of the screw 182 from changing due to vibration or the like, a biasing spring 183 is disposed between the screw 182 and the push rod 15 to provide thrust. In the present invention, the screw 182 is rotated so that the dimension L of the control arm 2 becomes a predetermined position, and the adjustment for correcting the variation in the dimension of the bellows 14 can be performed.SteplessAnd easy to work.
[0061]
[Example 3]
  FIG.Example 3Indicates. In this embodiment, the bellows 14 and the push rod 15 are directly coupled so as to be rotatable with a screw, thereby making it possible to correct variations in the dimensions of the bellows 14. A male screw 184 is formed on the push rod 15 side of the bellows 14, and a female screw 181 is formed on the bellows 14 side of the push rod 15 to screw them together. In order to prevent a change in the position of the bellows 14 due to vibration or the like, an urging spring 183 is interposed between the bellows 14 and the push rod 15. Also in this embodiment, the same operation and effect as the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 can be obtained.
[0062]
[Example 4]
  Example 4The figure5 andBoth are explained. In the altitude compensator and the supercharging pressure compensator, the control arm 2 that contacts the spherical surfaces 16 a and 16 b at both ends of the abutting interlocking pin 16, the tapered portion 153 of the pushrod 15, and the interlocking pin 16 due to the vibration of the push rod 15. The pin receiving portion 22 is worn over time due to friction caused by sliding, and the dimension setting is changed to the increase side of the injection amount.
[0063]
  Since the increase in the injection amount due to this wear causes black smoke discharge (smoke), it is necessary to periodically replace the push rod 15 and the interlocking pin 16. However, the conventional structure has a problem of poor serviceability because the control arm 2 must be removed when the push rod 15 or the interlocking pin 16 is replaced.
[0064]
  In the present invention, a screw hole 24 is provided in the pin receiving portion 22 of the control arm 2, and a stopper bolt 25 is screwed into the screw hole 24. As a result, the left end of the interlocking pin 16 and the pin receiving portion 22 are brought into contact with each other by the spherical surface 16 b and the tip surface of the stopper bolt 25. It is desirable that the tip of the stopper bolt 25 be subjected to wear reduction measures such as solid lubricant or chrome plating.
[0065]
  In this embodiment, the wear resistance of the pin receiving portion 22 of the control arm 2 can be improved, and the wear can be compensated by screwing the stopper bolt 25. Therefore, the replacement timing of the push rod 15 and the interlocking pin 16 can be changed. Can be extended. Further, when the push rod 15 or the interlocking pin 16 is exchanged on the market, it can be exchanged by removing the blind plug 164, and it is not necessary to remove the support shaft 21 or the control arm 2, so that the maintenance is excellent. . As a result, the altitude compensator and the boost pressure compensator can operate normally over a long period of time, and the occurrence of smoke and the like can be reduced. In order to prevent the stopper bolt 25 from rotating due to vibration, it is desirable to provide means for preventing looseness such as a spring washer.
[0066]
[Example 5]
  Example 5Fig. 6 and Fig.7 andBoth are explained. In this invention, a pulley 27 supported by a bearing bearing 26 is attached to the lever abutting portion 23 of the control arm 2 that abuts the upper end portion of the tension lever 31. Contact between the control arm 2 and the upper end of the tension lever 31 is made on the outer periphery of the pulley 27. Since the pulley 27 rotates, it has excellent wear resistance and can prevent the relative position from changing over a long period of time.
[0067]
  For this reason, it is not necessary to replace the control arm 2 over a long period of time, and the altitude compensator and the boost pressure compensator can operate normally and the occurrence of smoke can be reduced. Instead of the pulley 27 pivotally supported by the bearing bearing 26, as shown in FIG. 7C, a roller 29 that uses a metal bearing 28 or does not use the metal bearing 28 may be used.
[0068]
[Example 6]
  Example 6Figure 8, Figure9 andBoth are explained. In the present invention, the injection amount adjustment mechanism 51 at the time of maximum boost increase of the supercharging pressure compensator 5 is formed with a simple configuration. The supercharging pressure compensator 5 includes a diaphragm 53 that is installed horizontally in a diaphragm chamber 52 that is provided at the top of the housing 50 and that opens upward. A push rod 54 is vertically installed at the center of the diaphragm 53 and moves up and down by the intake negative pressure.
[0069]
  The push rod 54 is provided with a tapered portion 541, and one end of the interlocking pin 16 is in contact with the tapered portion 541. The other end of the interlocking pin 16 is in contact with the upper end of the control arm 2. The upper end of the diaphragm 53 is closed by a diaphragm cover 55, and an intake negative pressure port 551 through which intake negative pressure is guided is provided on the diaphragm cover 55.
[0070]
  An inclined surface 56 that bulges downward by press molding is formed at the center of the diaphragm cover 55. The upper end of the push rod 54 is in contact with the inclined surface 56, and the vertical position of the push rod 54 can be adjusted by the displacement of the lateral position of the diaphragm cover 55. In the present invention, a fastening edge 57 to the housing 50 is horizontally provided on the outer periphery of the diaphragm cover 55, and a pair of left and right elongated holes 58 are formed on the fastening edge 57. The diaphragm cover 55 is fastened by a fastening screw 59 that is inserted into the long hole 58 and screwed into the housing 50.
[0071]
  Thereby, the diaphragm cover 55 can be moved laterally by loosening the fastening screw 59. Thereby, it moves to the side of the inclined surface 56 and the position of the vertical direction of the push rod 54 can be adjusted. Therefore, the vertical position of the push rod 54 can be adjusted without increasing the number of parts, and the injection amount adjusting mechanism 51 for increasing the maximum boost can be formed with a simple configuration.
[0072]
[Example 7]
  Example 710 and FIG.1 andBoth are explained. In the present invention, the support shaft 21 of the control arm 2 of the supercharging pressure compensator 5 is formed in a bowl shape so that the injection amount at the start can be adjusted. As shown in FIG. 11, both ends 2 a and 2 b on the same axis of the support shaft 21 are inserted into both shaft holes 2 </ b> A and 2 </ b> B provided horizontally in the housing 50. The intermediate portion of the control arm 2 is fixed to the lower intermediate portion 2C.
[0073]
  One end 2b penetrates the housing 50 and protrudes to the outside, and a screw 19 is provided at the protrusion and a nut 20 is screwed. The position of the control arm 2 can be adjusted by loosening the nut 20 and rotating the bowl-shaped support shaft 21. For this reason, it is not necessary to disassemble the supercharging pressure compensator 5, and the initial setting and adjustment of the altitude compensator and the supercharging pressure compensator can be facilitated by adjustment from the outside, and the correction of the injected fuel is normally set Therefore, the generation of smoke can be reduced.
[0074]
[Example 8]
  Example 8FIG. 12 and FIG.3 andBoth are explained. The reverse angle governor link 3A of this embodiment is rotatably supported via a lower support shaft P1, and is a tension lever connected to an accelerator lever (adjusting lever) 61 interlocked with an accelerator pedal via a main spring S1. 31 is provided. A supporting lever 33 is rotatably supported on the tension lever 31 via a lower support shaft P1, and one end of the supporting lever 33 is connected to a spill ring 42 for increasing or decreasing the injection amount. Has been. The reverse angle control lever 34 is rotatably connected via an upper support shaft P2 provided on the supporting lever 33, and is elastically contacted with the tension lever 31 via a reverse angle spring 35.
[0075]
  The reverse angle governor link 3A drives the supporting lever 33 via the reverse angle control lever 34 when the rotational speed further increases compared with the full load, and the supporting lever 33 increases the injection amount of the spill ring 42. The reverse angle is made to move to the side. In the distribution type fuel injection pump provided with the reverse angle governor link 3A, there arises a problem that the starting injection amount becomes equal regardless of the accelerator state.
[0076]
  That is, if the starting injection amount in the accelerator fully open state is adapted to the standard, the starting injection amount in the accelerator fully closed state does not decrease, fuel is excessive, and starting smoke is generated. Further, if the starting injection amount in the accelerator fully closed state is matched to the reference, the starting injection amount in the accelerator fully opened state may be excessively reduced and the engine may not be started under specific use conditions. An object of the present invention is to restrict the start-up injection amount when the start-up injection amount in the accelerator fully open state is adapted to the reference, and to suppress the generation of start smoke in the accelerator fully closed state.
[0077]
  The tension lever 31 has a lower end rotatably supported by a lower support shaft P1, and an upper end connected to an accelerator lever 61 by a main spring S1. In the present invention, an arm spring S2 is interposed between the lever abutting portion 23 of the control arm 2 and the upper end of the tension lever 31. The set load Y1 of the main spring S1 <the set load Y2 of the arm spring S2.
[0078]
  The upper end of the supporting lever 33 is in elastic contact with the tension lever 31 via the idle spring 36. The reverse angle control lever 34 is elastically contacted with the tension lever 31 via the start spring 37, the bottom is elastically contacted with the tension lever 31 via the reverse angle spring 35, and the middle portion is connected to the head end of the governor sleeve 38. In contact. When the accelerator lever 61 is set to the idling position (shown in FIG. 13), the set load Y1 of the main spring S1 and the set load Y2 of the arm spring S2 are Y1 <Y2, so that the supporting lever 33 is at the lower support shaft. The spill ring 42 rotates to the right (injection amount decreasing side) in the figure by turning right about P1.
[0079]
  In this invention, when the engine is started with the accelerator fully closed, as shown in FIG. 12, the supporting lever 33 is forcibly rotated clockwise around the lower support shaft P1 by the load of the arm spring S2, and the spill ring 42 is injected. Move to the weight loss side. As a result, it is possible to prevent an increase in the injection amount at the start more than necessary, and to suppress the generation of smoke at the start of the engine. Further, in the accelerator fully open state, an appropriate start-up injection amount can be ensured as shown in FIG.
[0080]
[Example 9]
  Example 9Figure 14 andBoth are explained. When the vehicle approaches the slope, the supporting lever 33 disposed in the reverse angle governor link 3A and capable of rotating around the first support shaft falls down in the direction of decreasing the injection amount due to gravity, and the rotational speed decreases. And even the engine stall.
[0081]
  In the present invention, the supporting lever 33 is prevented from rotating in the right direction by the action of gravity on the slope and falling down in the direction in which the injection amount decreases. This is implemented by an extension 45 that extends the upper end of the supporting lever 33 upward, and an electromagnetic solenoid dashpot 46 that limits the rotation range of the extension 45. The clearance ΔT between the dashpot 47 and the extension 45 of the electromagnetic solenoid dashpot 46 is controlled by the output of the tilt detection device 48 mounted on the vehicle. As a result, it is possible to limit the range in which the amount of injection falls and the rotation speed decreases due to gravity on the slope due to gravity, to a certain value or less. For this reason, it is possible to prevent a decrease in climbing performance and engine stall with a simple configuration.
[0082]
[Example 10]
  Example 10FIG. 15 and FIG.6 andBoth are explained. In the governor link 3 of this distribution type fuel injection pump, the accelerator lever 61 interlocked with the accelerator pedal and the upper end portion of the tension lever 31 are connected by the accelerator link 6. The accelerator link 6 has a spring holder 60 having one end rotatably connected to an accelerator lever 61, one end inserted into the spring holder 60 and a control spring 62, and the other end.Tension lever31 has a rod 64 arranged through a hole 63 provided in the upper end portion of 31.
[0083]
  A damper spring seat 65 is fixed to the penetrating portion of the rod 64. One end of the damper spring seat 65 is a flat surface 6 a that contacts the tension lever 31, and the other end is a flange 6 b. A damper spring 66 is interposed between the flange 6 b and the tension lever 31. In this configuration, the contact portion between the flat surface 6a of the damper spring seat 65 and the tension lever 31 comes into contact with the surface with respect to the rotational movement about the lower support shaft P1 of the tension lever 31, and the point of the edge portion 6c of the flat surface 6a. Since it suddenly changes to the hit, there is a problem that the injection amount control characteristic is not stable as shown by the broken line in FIG.
[0084]
  In the present invention, a universal joint 67 is interposed in the rod 64. With this universal joint 67, the right end of the rod 64 and the upper end of the tension lever 31 can always be secured at right angles regardless of the inclination angle of the tension lever 31. For this reason, the contact of the contact portion between the flat surface 6a of the damper spring seat 65 and the tension lever 31 can be maintained, and the injection amount control characteristic with respect to the engine load can be appropriately maintained as indicated by a solid line in FIG.
[0085]
[Example 11]
  Example 11FIG. 17 and FIG.8 andBoth are explained. An object of the present invention is to prevent gas from entering the injection nozzle T when the fuel pumped from the plunger pump 4 is injected from the injection nozzle T through the delivery valve V. The gas intrusion into the injection nozzle T is caused by a jumping of the needle that occurs when the needle in the injection nozzle T is seated. In order to prevent this jumping, various countermeasures on the injection nozzle T side have been proposed.
[0086]
  In either case, the structure of the nozzle tip packing portion is changed, or an oil damper chamber is provided to add a piston, so that a significant increase in cost is inevitable for implementation. In the present invention, in order to suppress the jumping that occurs when the nozzle needle is seated, it is effective to give the spill port 43 a damper effect and to make the jetting out gently. Is preventing.
[0087]
  The plunger pump 4 is provided with a spill port 43 in a plunger 41 that reciprocates in the axial direction while rotating. The spill ring 42 is provided with a spill ring notch 44 as a diaphragm on the sliding surface on the outer periphery of the plunger 41. In the spill ring 42, the operation of the accelerator lever 61 and the governor is transmitted through the governor link, the axial position is displaced, the effective stroke of the plunger 41 is changed, and the fuel injection amount is adjusted.
[0088]
  The effective stroke is from the pressurization by the plunger 41 until the end surface 43a of the spill port 43 coincides with the end surface 44a of the spill ring notch 44 or the end surface 42a of the spill ring 42 and the pressure is released into the pump chamber. Conventionally, since there is no spill ring notch 44, in the upward stroke of the plunger 41, when the end surface 43a of the spill port 43 of the plunger 41 coincides with the end surface 42a of the spill ring 42 from the pressurization, the pressure enters the pump chamber 40. It is released quickly. Therefore, the injection rate becomes the pattern α as shown by the solid line in FIG.
[0089]
  In the present invention, since the spill ring notch 44 is formed in the spill ring 42, from the time when the end surface 43a of the spill port 43 of the plunger 41 coincides with the end surface 44a of the spill ring notch 44 from the pressurization by the plunger 41. Gradually the pressure is released into the pump chamber 40, after which the spill port 43 coincides with the end face 42a of the spill ring 42 and the remaining pressure is rapidly released. Therefore, the injection rate becomes the pattern β, and the effect of the injection rate (out of injection) can be moderated.
[0090]
  In the present invention, by providing the spill ring 42 with a notch 44 as a restriction, the fuel injection rate is gradually reduced at the end of fuel injection to prevent the nozzle needle from colliding with the seat surface, and this occurs at the time of seating. Jumping is suppressed. That is, since the opening of the spill port 43 is made through the notch 44 having a small cross-sectional area, the nozzle needle becomes low speed just before colliding with the seat surface, and the impact of the seating is reduced. The throttle may be formed by an orifice instead of the notch 44.
[0091]
[Example 12]
  As shown in FIG. 19, the adjustment bolt sealing mechanism 7 used in the conventional distribution type fuel injection pump re-adjusts the adjustment bolt by intentionally damaging the cap 71 because it is made of a thin metal plate. Was not impossible. The user can change the injection amount characteristics of the fuel injection pump, which is limited in adjustment, such as the full load stopper bolt 72 that sets the position of the upper end of the guide lever 39, causing engine troubles due to overload and smoke. Problem is likely to occur.
[0092]
  For this reason, there is a demand for a strong sealing mechanism that cannot be easily removed and the adjustment bolt cannot be readjusted. The present invention relates to a seal used for a fuel injection pump. The gist of the present invention is to make a double cap by covering an outer cap that has already been sealed with a cap 71 or the like to form a double cap. Yes.
[0093]
  Example 12Figure 20 andBoth are explained. In the present invention, in the sealing mechanism 7 of the full load stopper bolt 72 used for the distribution type fuel pump, the one already sealed with the cap 71 is further covered with the outer cap 73 from above to form a double cap. The cap is fixed with an adhesive 74. As a result, the sealing mechanism 7 of the present invention has a structure with extremely strong protection against breakage.
[0094]
  As a result, it becomes difficult for the user or the like to readjust the full load stopper bolt 72, and the change in the fuel injection amount characteristic caused by the readjustment can be effectively prevented. Further, in the configuration of the present invention, the cap 71 that is the sealing mechanism 7 of the existing full load stopper bolt 72 can be implemented by covering the outer cap 73 together with the adhesive 74, so that there is an advantage that it can be implemented at low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Figure 1]Example 1It is front sectional drawing of the altitude compensation apparatus.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view of the main part of FIG.
[Fig. 3]Example 2It is front sectional drawing of the altitude compensation apparatus.
[Fig. 4]Example 3It is front sectional drawing of an altitude compensation apparatus.
[Figure 5]Example 4It is front sectional drawing of the altitude compensation apparatus.
[Fig. 6]Example 5It is front sectional drawing of the altitude compensation apparatus.
7 is an enlarged perspective view, a front view, and a plan view of a main part of FIG. 6. FIG.
[Fig. 8]Example 6ofBoost pressure compensatorFIG.
9 is a plan view of the main part of FIG.
FIG. 10Example 7ofBoost pressure compensatorFIG.
11 is a side view of the main part of FIG.
FIG.Example 8It is a schematic block diagram of this governor link.
FIG. 13Example 8It is a schematic block diagram of this governor link.
FIG. 14Example 9It is a schematic block diagram of this governor link.
FIG. 15Example 10It is a schematic block diagram of this governor link.
16 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 15 and a characteristic graph.
FIG. 17Example 11It is front sectional drawing and top view of these.
FIG. 1822 is an enlarged view of a main part and a characteristic graph of Example 11. FIG.
FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a conventional distributed fuel injection pump.
FIG. 20Example 12FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
  1 altitude compensator
  10 Housing
  13 Bellows cover
  14 Bellows
  15 Push rod
  16 Interlocking pin
  17 Push rod adjustment means
  18 Push rod distance adjustment mechanism
  181 Female thread (screw)
  183 Biasing spring (Biasing means)
  184 Male screw
  2 Control arm
  2C middle part
  2a, 2b both ends
  20 Nut (fastening means)
  21 Spindle
  22 Pin receiving part
  23 Lever contact part
  25 Stopper bolt
  27 pulley
  3 Governor link
  3A Reverse Angry Governor Link
  31 Tension lever
  32 Control lever
  33 Supporting lever
  34 Reverse Anglich control lever
  4 Plunger pump
  41 Plunger
  42 Spill Ring
  43 Spill Port
  45 Supporting lever extension
  46 electromagnetic solenoid dashpot
  47 Dashpot
  48 tilt detector
  5 Supercharging pressure compensator
  50 housing
  53 Diaphragm
  54 Push rod
  55 Diaphragm cover
  56 Inclined surface
  58 Long hole (fastening position adjusting means)
  6 Accel Link
  61 Accelerator lever
  62 Control spring
  63 holes
  64 rods
  65 Damper spring seat
  66 Damper spring
  67 Universal joint
  7 Sealing mechanism of adjustment bolt
  71 cap
  72 Full load stopper bolt (Adjustment bolt)
  73 Outer cap
  74 Adhesive

Claims (12)

A plunger that is driven by a drive shaft and reciprocates while rotating in the cylinder of the plunger pump, a spill ring that opens and closes a spill port provided on the plunger, and controls the injection amount. A distributed fuel injection pump having a governor link that adjusts the position of the spill ring according to the driving conditions of the vehicle,
Push rod moves up and down is connected to the bellows to expand and contract depending on the atmospheric pressure, the interlocking pin in sliding contact with the tapered portion provided in the push rod, and pivotally mounted about said support shaft, upper end the Having an altitude compensator or a supercharging pressure compensator with a control arm that abuts the interlocking pin and whose lower end acts on the governor link;
The taper portion is formed eccentrically with respect to the axis of the push rod, and rod adjusting means for adjusting a mounting angle around the axis of the push rod is provided, and the interlocking pin is adjusted by adjusting the mounting angle of the push rod. A distribution type fuel injection pump characterized in that the position of the fuel can be adjusted. A plunger that is driven by a drive shaft and reciprocates while rotating in the cylinder of the plunger pump, a spill ring that opens and closes a spill port provided on the plunger, and controls the injection amount. A distributed fuel injection pump having a governor link that adjusts the position of the spill ring according to the driving conditions of the vehicle,
A push rod that is connected to a diaphragm that is displaced in accordance with intake negative pressure and moves up and down, an interlocking pin that is in sliding contact with a tapered portion provided on the push rod, and a pivot that is pivotally mounted around the support shaft, the upper end of which is Having an altitude compensator or a supercharging pressure compensator with a control arm that abuts the interlocking pin and whose lower end acts on the governor link;
The taper portion is formed eccentrically with respect to the axis of the push rod, and rod adjusting means for adjusting a mounting angle around the axis of the push rod is provided, and the interlocking pin is adjusted by adjusting the mounting angle of the push rod. A distribution type fuel injection pump characterized in that the position of the fuel can be adjusted . The distributed fuel injection pump according to claim 1, wherein
The lower end of the control arm is in contact with the upper end of the governor link,
The bellows and the push rod are connected by screwing a screw provided on the bellows and a screw provided on the push rod and provided with a biasing means for biasing the screwed portion in the axial direction. Distributive fuel injection pump characterized by The distributed fuel injection pump according to claim 1, wherein
The lower end of the control arm is in contact with the upper end of the governor link,
The interlock pin and the control arm are characterized in that the tip surface of the stopper bolt screwed to the control arm and the end surface of the interlock pin are in contact with each other, and the tip surface of the stopper bolt is provided with wear reduction means. Distributing fuel injection pump. The distributed fuel injection pump according to claim 1, wherein
The lower end of the control arm is in contact with the upper end of the governor link,
The governor link includes a tension lever having a lower support shaft and an upper end in contact with the control arm. The lower end of the control arm and the upper end of the tension lever are the control arm or the A distribution type fuel injection pump which is in contact via a pulley provided on a tension lever . The distributed fuel injection pump according to claim 2,
The diaphragm attached by closing an opening provided in the housing, a diaphragm cover fastened to the housing covering the diaphragm, the push rod attached through the center of the diaphragm, and the push rod The interlocking pin that is in sliding contact with the tapered portion, and the control arm that is rotatably attached around the support shaft, has an upper end that contacts the interlocking pin, and a lower end that contacts the upper end of the governor link. And
The diaphragm cover is provided with a supercharging pressure compensator in which an inclined surface with which an upper end of the push rod abuts is formed by press molding, and a fastening position adjusting means for adjusting a fastening position of the diaphragm cover is attached. Distributed fuel injection pump. The distribution type fuel injection pump according to claim 1 or 2,
The lower end of the control arm is in contact with the upper end of the governor link,
The support shaft has both end portions rotatably supported by the housing, and an intermediate portion that is displaced from the both end portions and to which the control arm is fixed, and fastening means is attached to either one of the both end portions. A distribution type fuel injection pump characterized in that the position of the control arm is variable . The distribution type fuel injection pump according to claim 1 or 2,
The lower end of the control arm is in contact with the upper end of the tension lever of the governor link,
An arm spring S2 is interposed between the lower end of the control arm and the upper end of the tension lever, and the arm is against the set load Y1 of the main spring S1 interposed between the accelerator lever and the upper end of the tension lever. A distribution type fuel injection pump characterized in that the set load Y2 of the spring S2 is set such that Y1 <Y2 . The distribution type fuel injection pump according to claim 1 or 2,
In the governor link, a supporting lever is interposed between a control lever and the spill ring, and an electromagnetic solenoid dashpot whose stroke is controlled by an output of a tilt detecting device mounted on a vehicle is attached to the supporting lever. The distribution type fuel injection pump is characterized in that the amount of rotation of the upper end of the support is limited to prevent the supporting lever from falling in the direction of decreasing the injection amount on a slope . The distribution type fuel injection pump according to claim 1 or 2,
The accelerator lever and the tension lever have one end connected to the accelerator lever via a control spring and the other end inserted through a hole formed in the upper end of the tension lever, and a damper spring seat fixed to the insertion portion and the Made by a rod having a damper spring interposed between a damper spring seat and the tension lever, the contact surface of the damper spring seat and the tension lever is a plane,
A distribution type fuel injection pump, wherein a universal joint is provided at an intermediate portion of the rod . The distribution type fuel injection pump according to claim 1 or 2,
A distribution type fuel injection pump characterized in that a throttle for limiting the spill amount of fuel in the high-pressure chamber is provided at the spill port open side end of the spill ring to smooth the pressure drop of the pressure-feed fuel . The distribution type fuel injection pump according to claim 1 or 2,
A cap for sealing a bolt for sealing an adjustment bolt, and a distributed fuel injection pump characterized in that the cap is covered with an outer cap and fixed with an adhesive.

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