JP4432638B2 - Turbocharger, turbocharger assembling method, and turbine / compressor assembling apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a turbocharger, a turbocharger assembling method, and a turbine / compressor assembling apparatus, and more particularly, to a compressor that is press-fitted into a turbine shaft formed in a turbine impeller.

  Conventionally, when the compressor impeller 104 is incorporated in the turbine shaft 102 formed integrally with the turbine impeller (not shown) of the turbocharger 100, the turbine shaft 102 is inserted into the through hole of the compressor impeller 104. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9 (showing a state in which the compressor impeller 104 is incorporated in the turbine shaft 102 of the turbocharger 100), the compressor impeller 104 is pressed in the extending direction of the turbine shaft 102 by the nut 106. The compressor impeller 104 is fixed to the turbine shaft 102.

  By tightening with the nut 106, the compressor impeller 104 is compressed in the extending direction of the turbine shaft 102 (direction indicated by the arrow AR1).

  Note that the through hole of the compressor impeller 104 and the turbine shaft 102 are an intermediate fit or a clearance fit.

On the other hand, a technique is known in which a tapered portion is formed in a through hole of a turbine shaft or a compressor impeller, and these tapered portions are engaged with each other to incorporate the compressor impeller into the turbine shaft (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .
JP 2001-173597 A

  By the way, in the conventional turbocharger 100, when the turbine shaft 102 and the compressor impeller 104 rotate at a high speed, the compressor impeller 104 extends by being slightly elastically deformed in the direction of the outer diameter by centrifugal force, and the turbine shaft 102 Is slightly shrunk in the extending direction (direction of arrow AR1), the holding force by the nut 106 is weakened, and the compressor impeller 104 is moved relative to the turbine shaft 102 in the rotational direction of the turbine shaft 102 (compressor impeller 104). There is a problem of a slight shift.

  Even if this slight deviation occurs, there is no practical problem. However, the slight balance deviation may cause the rotational balance of the turbine shaft 102 and the compressor impeller 104 to be slightly deviated. In some cases, the noise level during operation of the turbocharger 100 slightly increases.

  The deviation between the compressor impeller 104 and the turbine shaft 102 is caused when the rotational speed of the turbine shaft (turbine impeller, compressor impeller) of the turbocharger 100 is rapidly increased or rapidly decreased. Are particularly prone to occur.

  On the other hand, in order to prevent the displacement between the compressor impeller 104 and the turbine shaft 102, etc., if the holes of the turbine shaft and the compressor impeller are tapered, the shape of each engaging portion of the turbine shaft and the compressor impeller There is a problem that becomes complicated.

  Furthermore, it is conceivable that a compressor impeller is press-fitted into the turbine shaft and fixed with a nut after the press-fitting, but there is a possibility that galling will occur between the turbine shaft and the compressor impeller, and the compressor impeller is In order to press-fit, it is necessary to apply a large force to the compressor impeller and the turbine shaft, and the compressor impeller and the turbine impeller may be deformed by the press-fitting force.

  That is, there is a problem that it is difficult to assemble the compressor impeller into the turbine shaft by press-fitting the compressor impeller into the turbine shaft.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in a turbocharger having a configuration in which a compressor impeller is assembled to a turbine shaft, the shape of each engaging portion between the turbine shaft and the compressor impeller is An object of the present invention is to provide a turbocharger that has a simple shape and is less likely to cause a relative displacement between the turbine shaft and the compressor impeller when the turbocharger is operated. .

  The present invention is also directed to a turbocharger assembling method and a turbine / compressor assembling apparatus for assembling a compressor impeller to a turbine shaft of a turbocharger, wherein the turbocharger has the compressor impeller assembled to the turbine shaft. Method of assembling turbocharger and turbine compressor capable of easily performing assembly such that relative displacement between said turbine shaft and said compressor impeller is unlikely to occur when the feeder is operated An object is to provide an assembling apparatus.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a turbocharger assembling method in which a compressor impeller is assembled to a turbine shaft, a compressor impeller heating step for heating the compressor impeller, and a compressor impeller heated by the heating. A compressor impeller press-fitting step for press-fitting into the compressor, a compressor impeller cooling step for cooling the compressor impeller, and a fastener for fastening the compressor impeller to the turbine shaft. Compressor impeller pressing step of pressing with a predetermined force and the fastener, the compressor impeller is pressed in the press-fitting direction with a second predetermined force smaller than the first predetermined force, and the compressor impeller is moved into the turbine Con to be fastened to the shaft A method of assembling a turbocharger and a suppressor impeller fastening step.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the method for assembling the turbocharger according to the first aspect, the compressor impeller is cooled while the compressor impeller cooling step continues to apply the force applied in the compressor impeller press-fitting step. The compressor impeller fastening step is a step of cooling, wherein the first predetermined force applied in the compressor impeller pressing step is reduced to a value smaller than the second predetermined force, and after the reduction, the reduction is performed. This is a method of assembling a turbocharger, which is a step of fastening the compressor impeller to the turbine shaft by increasing the generated force to the second predetermined force.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the turbocharger assembling method according to the first or second aspect, the engaging portion between the turbine shaft and the compressor impeller is tightened on the back side of the compressor impeller. This is a method of assembling a turbocharger that is fitted.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a first member having a shaft portion and a second member having a hole are assembled by engaging the shaft portion and the hole portion with each other. In the member assembling method, a heating step of heating the second member, a press-fitting step of press-fitting the second member heated by the heating into the shaft of the first member, and cooling the second member And a pressing step of pressing the second member with the first predetermined force in the press-fitting direction using a fastener for fastening the second member to the first member; Using a fastener, the second member is pushed in the press-fitting direction in the press-fitting direction with a second predetermined force that is smaller than the first predetermined force in the press-fitting direction. A method for assembling a member having a fastening step of fastening.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the turbine / compressor assembling apparatus in which the compressor impeller is assembled to the turbine shaft, the compressor impeller heating means for heating the compressor impeller and the compressor impeller heated by the heating are press-fitted into the turbine shaft. After a compressor impeller press-fitting means, a fastener driving means capable of tightening or loosening a fastener for fastening the compressor impeller to the turbine shaft, and after fastening the fastener with a first predetermined force And a control means for controlling the fastener driving means so as to tighten the fastener with a second predetermined force smaller than the first predetermined force after loosening the fastener. A turbine / compressor assembling apparatus.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the turbine / compressor assembling apparatus according to the fifth aspect , the compressor impeller press-fitted into the turbine shaft can be cooled in a state in which a force applied when the press-fitting is continued. A turbine / compressor assembling apparatus having a compressor impeller cooling means.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in a turbocharger comprising a turbine and a compressor, the turbine shaft formed integrally with the turbine impeller of the turbine, the compressor impeller of the compressor, and the turbine A through-hole engaged with the shaft; and provided at a tip end side of the turbine shaft, pressing the compressor impeller in a direction in which the compressor impeller is inserted into the turbine shaft, and the compressor impeller A fastener fastened to the turbine shaft, and the fastener is a turbocharger that is a fastener that presses the compressor impeller with a pressing force larger than a pressing force fastening the compressor impeller. It is a feeder.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the turbocharger according to the seventh aspect , the turbocharger in which the engagement portion between the turbine shaft and the compressor impeller is an interference fit on the back side of the compressor impeller. It is a feeder.

According to the first to sixth aspects of the invention, in the turbocharger assembling method and the turbine / compressor assembling apparatus for assembling the compressor impeller to the turbine shaft of the turbocharger, the compressor is attached to the turbine shaft. The effect that it is possible to easily assemble so that relative displacement between the turbine shaft and the compressor impeller is less likely to occur when the turbocharger in which the impeller is assembled is operated. Play.

According to the invention of claim 7 or claim 8 , in a turbocharger having a configuration in which a compressor impeller is assembled to a turbine shaft, the shape of each engaging portion between the turbine shaft and the compressor impeller Has a simple shape, and has an effect that relative displacement between the turbine shaft and the compressor impeller hardly occurs when the turbocharger is operated.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a turbocharger 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state where the compressor impeller is assembled to the turbine shaft.

  The turbocharger 1 is used as a supercharger such as a piston engine, for example, and includes a housing 3.

  A rotation shaft member 5 that rotates with respect to the housing 3 is provided inside the housing 3, and the rotation shaft member 5 rotates with respect to the housing 3 via a fluid bearing 7. It is free.

  A centrifugal compressor 9 is provided on one end side 5 </ b> A of the rotary shaft member 5, and a radial turbine 11 is provided on the other end side 5 </ b> B of the rotary shaft member 5.

  More specifically, the compressor impeller 13 of the compressor 9, the turbine impeller 15 of the turbine 11, and the rotary shaft member 5 are integrally configured to rotate together.

  As described above, the turbocharger 1 is used for a reciprocating engine or a rotary engine. For example, the turbocharger 1 is driven to rotate with the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas emitted from a 4-cycle piston engine, and this rotation causes the turbocharger 1 to rotate. The compressor 9 is driven to rotate, and compressed air obtained by the rotation of the compressor 9 is supplied to the engine.

  The compressed air is used for combustion of fuel in the cylinder of the engine, and the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas (combustion gas for rotating the turbine 11) is discharged by this combustion.

  The casing 3 includes a bearing housing 17 that supports the rotating shaft member 5 and a turbine housing 21 that is provided on one end side of the bearing housing 17 and constitutes the turbine 11 together with the turbine impeller 15. And a compressor housing 19 provided on the other end side of the bearing housing 17 and constituting the compressor 9 together with the compressor impeller 13.

  The rotating shaft member 5 protrudes from the back side of the turbine impeller 15 toward the compressor 9 at the center of the turbine impeller 15 and is formed in a cylindrical shape, and is integrally formed with the turbine impeller 15. Yes. Hereinafter, the connecting member may be referred to as a “turbine shaft”.

  A cylindrical through-hole 13A is provided at the center of the compressor impeller 13. Then, the turbine shaft 5 is inserted into the through hole 13A, the compressor impeller 13 engages with the turbine shaft 5, and a nut (an nut provided on the tip end side of the turbine shaft 5) is an example of a fastener. ) The compressor impeller 13 is integrally fastened to the turbine shaft 5 by being pressed and tightened at 25.

  More specifically, a portion 5C having a larger outer diameter than a portion engaged with the compressor impeller 13 is formed in an intermediate portion of the turbine shaft 5, and a portion where the thick portion 5C and the compressor impeller 13 are engaged. Between 5D, the ring-shaped stepped part 5E is formed. Then, in order from the stepped portion 5E toward the compressor 9 side, a collar 27 for receiving the thrust force of the turbine shaft 5, and a collar 29 for preventing the lubricating oil for the turbine shaft 5 from leaking to the compressor 9 side. The compressor impeller 13 is installed, and the tip of the turbine shaft 5 protrudes from the tip of the compressor impeller 13 (the side opposite to the back side; the side opposite to the turbine 11).

  A male screw is formed at the tip of the protruding turbine shaft 5, and the nut 25 is screwed into the male screw. Then, by tightening with the nut 25, the collars 27 and 29 and the compressor impeller 13 are moved in the axial direction of the turbine shaft 5 between the stepped portion 5 </ b> E and the nut 25 (the compressor impeller 13 is connected to the turbine shaft 5. In the direction of being inserted).

  In addition, although mentioned later in detail, the said nut 25 is a nut which pressed the said compressor impeller 13 with the pressing force larger than the pressing force which fastens the said compressor impeller 13.

  Further, the engaging portion between the turbine shaft 5 and the compressor impeller 13 is an interference fit on the back side of the compressor impeller 13 and a clearance fit on the tip end side of the compressor impeller 13.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the inner diameter D1 of the hole 13A of the compressor impeller 13 is constant over the entire length of the hole 13A.

  The outer diameter d1 of the portion of the turbine shaft 5 that engages with the compressor impeller 13 that engages with the back side of the compressor impeller 13 (the portion of the distance L1 shown in FIG. 2) is the hole 13A. Among the portions of the turbine shaft 5 that engage with the compressor impeller 13, the portion that engages with the tip end side of the compressor impeller 13 (at a distance L3 shown in FIG. 2). The outer diameter d3 of the part) is slightly smaller than the inner diameter D1 of the hole 13A.

  The outer diameter d3 of the portion engaged with the tip end side of the compressor impeller 13 is substantially the same as the inner diameter D1 of the hole 13A, and is fitted to the turbine shaft 5 on the tip end side of the compressor impeller 13. May be an intermediate fit.

  According to the turbocharger 1, there is no portion having a complicated shape such as a tapered portion in the engaging portion between the turbine shaft 5 and the compressor impeller 13, that is, each of the turbine shaft 5 and the compressor impeller 13. The shape of the engaging portion is a simple shape.

  Further, according to the turbocharger 1, when the compressor impeller 13 is assembled to the turbine shaft 5 with the nut 25, the nut 25 is pressed with a pressing force larger than the pressing force of the nut 25 in the finished turbocharger 1. Since the compressor impeller 13 is pressed, the compressor impeller 13 is securely fixed to the turbine shaft 5, and when the turbocharger 1 is operated, between the turbine shaft 5 and the compressor impeller 13. It is difficult for the relative positional deviation to occur.

  More specifically, the compressor impeller 13 is completely fixed in the axial direction (axial direction of the turbine shaft 5) simply by pressing and fixing the compressor impeller 13 with the pressing force of the nut 25 in the finished turbocharger 1. There may not be.

  That is, as described above, by tightening with the nut 25, the collars 27 and 29 and the compressor impeller 13 are tightened and fixed in the axial direction by the stepped portion 5E and the nut 25.

  At the time of tightening with the nut 25, the compressor impeller 13 (each of the compressor impellers 13 (each of which has a small axial pressing force) can be obtained simply by pressing and fixing the compressor impeller 13 with the pressing force of the nut 25 in the finished turbocharger 1. The situation in which the collars 27 and 29) are assembled to the turbine shaft 5 may occur for some reason (for example, the processing accuracy of the compressor impeller 13 or the turbine shaft 5).

  As described above, when the turbocharger 1 in which the compressor impeller 13 is assembled with a weak pressing force is operated, the turbocharger 1 is elastically deformed so that the outer diameter is slightly increased by centrifugal force, while it is slightly contracted in the axial direction. Since the compressor impeller 13 is slightly elastically deformed, the tightening force by the nut 25 is further weakened by the contraction elastic deformation in the axial direction, that is, the holding force of the compressor impeller 13 by the nut 25 is further reduced, and the turbine There is a possibility that a relative displacement between the shaft 5 and the compressor impeller 13 may occur.

  However, according to the turbocharger 1, as described above, the nut 25 presses the compressor impeller 13 with a pressing force larger than the pressing force of the nut 25 in the finished turbocharger 1. Therefore, the compressor impeller 13 is securely fixed to the turbine shaft 5 in this axial direction, and when the turbocharger 1 is operated, centrifugal force is applied to the compressor impeller 13 so that the compressor impeller 13 is axially moved. Even when the nut 25 is slightly contracted and the holding force by the nut 25 is slightly reduced, the compressor impeller 13 can be continuously held with an appropriate holding force, and the relative relationship between the turbine shaft 5 and the compressor impeller 13 can be maintained. Misalignment is less likely to occur.

  In particular, when the rotational speed of the turbine shaft 5 (turbine impeller 15 and compressor impeller 13) of the turbocharger 1 suddenly increases or decreases rapidly, the inertial moment of the compressor impeller 13 may occur. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of relative positional deviation between the turbine shaft 5 and the compressor impeller 13.

  Then, by suppressing the occurrence of the slight deviation, it is possible to suppress the rotation balance of the turbine shaft 5 and the compressor impeller 13 from being out of order, and to suppress the increase in the noise level during the operation of the turbocharger 1. it can.

  Further, according to the turbocharger 1, the engaging portion between the turbine shaft 5 and the compressor impeller 13 is an interference fit on the back side of the compressor impeller 13, so that the turbine shaft 5 and the compressor Even when a centrifugal force is generated in the compressor impeller 13 when the turbocharger 1 using the impeller 13 is operated, the space between the hole (back portion) 13A of the compressor impeller 13 and the turbine shaft 5 Thus, no radial gap is generated, and therefore, relative displacement between the turbine shaft 5 and the compressor impeller 13 is less likely to occur when the turbocharger 1 is operated.

  In addition, since the compressor disk is formed on the back side of the compressor impeller 13, the moment of inertia is larger than that on the front end side (reverse side), and the centrifugal force generated by the operation of the turbocharger 1 The inner diameter of the hole 13A of the compressor impeller 13 is likely to be larger on the back side than the tip side, but as described above, it is an interference fit on the back side, so that the hole 13A (rear side of the compressor impeller 13) Even if the inner diameter of the portion) is likely to increase due to centrifugal force compared to the tip side, a radial gap is generated between the hole 13A of the compressor impeller 13 and the turbine shaft 5 on the back side of the compressor impeller 13. Can be suppressed.

  Further, the engaging portion between the turbine shaft 5 and the compressor impeller 13 is a clearance fit on the tip end side (reverse side) of the compressor impeller 13. When the compressor impeller 13 is assembled to the turbine shaft 5, the compressor impeller 13 is guided, and the compressor impeller 13 can be easily assembled to the turbine shaft 5.

Next, an assembly method for assembling the compressor impeller 13 to the turbine shaft 5 will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an outline of a method for assembling the compressor impeller 13 to the turbine shaft 5.

  First, in order to warm press-fit the compressor impeller 13 into the turbine shaft 5, the compressor impeller 13 is heated until the compressor impeller 13 reaches a predetermined temperature (for example, 100 ° C.) (S1).

  The compressor impeller 13 heated by the heating is pressed into the turbine shaft 5 with a first predetermined force (for example, a force of 2 kN (kilonewtons)) (S3), and the compressor impeller 13 (including the turbine shaft 5 is included). ) Is cooled (S5).

  Subsequently, by using a fastener for fastening the compressor impeller 13 to the turbine shaft 5, the compressor impeller 13 is pushed with a first predetermined force in this press-fitting direction (direction to be incorporated into the turbine shaft 5) (S7). ).

  Specifically, after the press-fitting and cooling, a nut 25 is screwed into a male screw provided at an end of the turbine shaft 5 and protruding from the compressor impeller 13, and the nut 25 is tightened to The compressor impeller 13 is pushed in the press-fitting direction with a first force (for example, a force of 4 kN).

Using the nut 25, the compressor impeller 13 is pushed in the press-fitting direction with a second predetermined force (for example, a force of 2 kN) smaller than the first predetermined force, so that the compressor impeller 13 is pushed into the turbine shaft 5 (S9).
When the compressor impeller 13 is fastened to the turbine shaft 5 (S9), the first predetermined force applied in (S7) when the compressor impeller 13 is pressed is greater than the second predetermined force. The value is reduced to a small value, and after this reduction, the reduced force is increased to the second predetermined force, and the compressor impeller 13 is fastened to the turbine shaft 5.

  Further, instead of the nut 25, a bolt is screwed into a female screw provided at an end portion of the turbine shaft 5, and the bolt is tightened to bring the compressor impeller 13 into the first press-fitting direction. You may make it push with a 2nd predetermined force.

  When the compressor impeller 13 is cooled (S5), the compressor impeller 13 is continuously applied with the force applied when the compressor impeller 13 is press-fitted (S3) into the compressor impeller 13 and the turbine shaft 5. It is desirable to cool. The force applied during the cooling may be the same as the force applied when the compressor impeller 13 is press-fitted, or may be smaller than the force applied when the compressor impeller 13 is press-fitted.

  The assembling method can also be applied when assembling members other than the turbine shaft and the compressor impeller.

  That is, by engaging a first member having a shaft portion formed in a columnar shape and a second member having a columnar hole with each other, the shaft portion and the hole portion are engaged with each other. In a method for assembling a member to be assembled (for example, by inserting the shaft portion into the hole), the second member heated by the heating is used as the shaft of the first member. The second member (including the first member) by using a fastener for press-fitting into the first member, cooling the second member (including the first member), and fastening the second member to the first member. Pushing in the press-fitting direction with a first predetermined force, using the fastener, and moving the second member in the press-fitting direction with a second predetermined force smaller than the first predetermined force in the press-fitting direction. As an assembling method for pressing and fastening the second member to the first member, The method may also be grasped.

  According to the assembling method in which the compressor impeller 13 is assembled to the turbine shaft 5, the compressor impeller 13 is heated, and the compressor impeller 13 heated by this heating is press-fitted into the turbine shaft 5. Therefore, the compressor impeller 13 and the turbine shaft Even if the engaging part with 5 is an interference fit, the compressor impeller 13 can be easily assembled to the turbine shaft 5.

  That is, by heating the compressor impeller 13, the inner diameter of the hole 13 </ b> A of the compressor impeller 13 is slightly increased, and when the compressor impeller 13 is assembled to the turbine shaft 5, the turbine shaft 5 and the compressor impeller 13 Can be prevented, and when the compressor impeller 13 is press-fitted, it is not necessary to apply a large force to the compressor impeller 13 and the turbine shaft 5, and the compressor impeller 13 and the turbine shaft 5 may be deformed. Can be avoided.

  Further, according to the assembling method for assembling the compressor impeller 13 to the turbine shaft 5, the nut 25 for fastening the compressor impeller 13 to the turbine shaft 5 is used, and the compressor impeller 13 is forced into the first predetermined force in the press-fitting direction. After the pressing, the nut 25 is used to push the compressor impeller 13 in the press-fitting direction with a second predetermined force smaller than the first predetermined force (fastening in the finished turbocharger 1). The compressor impeller 13 is fastened to the turbine shaft 5 so that the compressor impeller 13 is securely fixed to the turbine shaft 5 and the turbocharger 1 is operated. It is difficult for relative displacement between the turbine shaft 5 and the compressor impeller 13 to occur.

  Further, if the second predetermined force is an appropriate fastening force in the nut 25, in the finished turbocharger 1, no excessive force is applied to the nut 25, and a failure due to the nut 25 occurs. Can be prevented from occurring.

  Further, according to the assembling method for assembling the compressor impeller 13 to the turbine shaft 5, the compressor impeller 13 is cooled in a state in which the force applied when the compressor impeller 13 is press-fitted is continued. When the impeller 13 cools, it can be avoided that the compressor impeller 13 returns in the direction opposite to the press-fitted direction, and the compressor impeller 13 can be reliably installed on the turbine shaft 5. it can.

  Furthermore, according to the assembling method for assembling the compressor impeller 13 to the turbine shaft 5, the first predetermined force applied when the compressor impeller 13 is pressed is reduced to a value smaller than the second predetermined force. Thereafter, the reduced force is increased to the second predetermined force, and the compressor impeller 13 is fastened to the turbine shaft 5. Therefore, there is hysteresis in the nut 25, the turbine shaft 5, and the compressor impeller 13. However, the compressor impeller 13 can be reliably assembled to the turbine shaft 5 with the second predetermined force.

  Next, a turbine / compressor assembling apparatus for carrying out the method for assembling the compressor impeller 13 to the turbine shaft 5 will be described with a specific example.

  4 is a diagram showing a plan view of the turbine / compressor assembling apparatus 53, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a view taken along arrow V in FIG.

  6 is a diagram showing a plan view of the turbine / compressor assembling apparatus 55, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a view taken along arrow VII in FIG. 6, and is a front view of the turbine / compressor assembling apparatus 55.

  A turbine / compressor assembling device for assembling the compressor impeller 13 to the turbine shaft 5 is formed by the turbine / compressor assembling devices 53 and 55. The reason for dividing the device into two in this way is as follows. The apparatus can be easily moved and installed by preventing the apparatus from becoming large, and when a plurality of turbine / compressor assembling devices 53 and 55 are provided, the processing speed of the turbine / compressor assembling device 53 and the turbine / compressor assembling device 55 can be increased. Accordingly, the ratio of the number of turbine / compressor assembling devices 53 and the number of turbine / compressor assembling devices 55 is made appropriate, and the manufacturing cost of each of the turbine / compressor assembling devices 53 and 55 is reduced.

  The turbine / compressor assembling devices 53 and 55 are provided with control devices (not shown) for controlling the devices constituting the devices 53 and 55. Under the apparatus, each turbine / compressor assembly apparatus 53, 55 is operated.

  As shown in FIG. 8 (plan view of the turbine / compressor assembling apparatus), the turbine / compressor assembling apparatus 53 and the turbine / compressor assembling apparatus 55 may be combined to form a single apparatus.

  The turbine / compressor assembling apparatus 53 is configured to heat the compressor impeller 13 on one end of the upper surface of the frame-shaped base 57 until the compressor impeller 13 reaches a predetermined temperature (for example, 100 ° C.). A heating means 59 is provided.

  The heating means 59 is provided with an index table 61 that rotates about an axis extending in the vertical direction of the turbine / compressor assembling apparatus 53 and can be indexed. At a predetermined station ST1 of the index table 61, a compressor is provided. The impeller 13 is supplied to and placed on the index table 61.

  The compressor impeller 13 placed above is heated by a heater (not shown) (for example, a heater that generates heat by passing a current through a resistor) as the index table 61 moves by indexing (turning). Is done.

The compressor impeller 13 is heated by inserting a rod-shaped heater into the hole 13A of the compressor impeller 13. Therefore, the hole 13A of the compressor impeller 13 can be efficiently heated, and the inner diameter of the hole 13A of the compressor impeller 13 can be efficiently expanded.

  Further, the amount of heat generated by the heater is controlled by the control device so that the compressor impeller 13 accurately rises to a substantially constant temperature.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the station of the index table 61 (the most distant from the station ST1 when the turning direction of the index table 61 is followed, is located on the other side of the base 57, As shown in FIG. 5, a jig JG1 is provided below the station ST1 adjacent to the station ST1 and between the upper surface of the base 57 and the jig JG1. The turbocharger before the compressor impeller 13 and the compressor housing 19 are assembled (the turbocharger in which the bearing housing 17, the turbine housing 21, the turbine impeller 15, the turbine shaft 5, the collars 27 and 29, etc. are assembled; , Sometimes referred to as “turbocharger before compressor impeller assembly”) 1a It is installed.

  The compressor impeller incorporating means 63 incorporates the compressor impeller 13 heated on the index table 61 and conveyed to the station ST3 into the turbocharger 1a before assembling the compressor impeller installed in the jig JG1. .

  By this incorporation, the compressor impeller 13 is stopped in the press-fitting direction as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG.

  Further, the turbine / compressor assembling apparatus 53 has a compressor impeller 13 heated by the heating at an intermediate portion between the one end and the other end of the base 57 on the upper surface of a frame-like base 57. Compressor impeller press-fitting means 65 for press-fitting the turbine shaft 5 with a first predetermined force is provided.

  The compressor impeller press-fitting means 65 includes an actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder 67, and the compressor impeller 13 incorporated therein is press-fitted into the turbocharger 1a before assembling the compressor impeller by the hydraulic cylinder 67.

  A jig JG3 for installing the turbocharger 1a before assembling the compressor impeller into which the compressor impeller 13 is incorporated is provided on the upper surface of the base 57 and below the hydraulic cylinder 67. The turbocharger 1a before assembling the compressor impeller incorporating the compressor impeller 13 is conveyed from the jig JG1 to the jig JG3 by a conveying device (not shown).

  And the compressor impeller 13 of the turbocharger 1a before assembling the compressor impeller installed in the jig JG3 and incorporating the compressor impeller 13 is press-fitted by the compressor impeller press-fitting means 65.

  The compressor impeller press-fitting means 65 can control the force when the compressor impeller 13 is press-fitted under the control of the control device, so that the compressor impeller 13 can be reliably press-fitted. it can.

  Then, for example, galling occurs between the compressor impeller 13 and the turbine shaft 5 and the press-fitting is performed while the force at the time of press-fitting is excessive, so that the inconvenience of assembling defective products can be avoided. It has become.

  Further, in the vicinity of the compressor impeller press-fitting means 65, the compressor impeller cooling means 68 capable of cooling the compressor impeller 13 (including the turbine shaft 5) press-fitted into the turbine shaft 5 by blowing, for example, cold compressed air. Is provided. The compressor impeller cooling means 68 can perform the cooling in a state where the force applied by the compressor impeller press-fitting means 65 is continuously applied to the compressor impeller 13 and the turbine shaft 5. It is like that.

  Furthermore, on the upper surface of the base 57 and on the other end side of the base 57, a turbocharger (hereinafter referred to as a nut) is installed in the jig JG3 and the compressor impeller 13 is press-fitted and the nut 25 is not incorporated. , Sometimes referred to as “turbocharger before installing fasteners”.) An unloading device 69 for unloading 1b from the jig JG3 is provided.

  The turbocharger 1b before installation of fasteners carried out by the carry-out device 69 is carried to the turbine / compressor assembling device 55 by a conveying device (not shown) or by an operator's manual work, and the turbine / compressor assembling device 55. To be supplied.

  While being transported from the turbine / compressor assembling device 53 to the turbine / compressor assembling device 55, the turbine of the turbocharger 1b before installation of the fastener is installed by a nut supply means (not shown) or by an operator's manual operation. A nut 25 is installed on the male screw portion at the end of the shaft 5.

  The turbine / compressor assembling device 55 is fastened so that a nut 25 for fastening the compressor impeller 13 to the turbine shaft 5 can be tightened or loosened on one end of the upper surface of a frame-like base 71. The tool drive means 73 is provided.

  The fastener driving means 73 includes, for example, a nut runner 75, and the nut of the turbocharger before installation of the fastener (the turbocharger in which the nut 25 is installed) 1b installed in the jig JG5. 25 can be tightened.

  The fastener driving means 73 tightens the nut 25 with a first predetermined force (torque) under the control of the control device, then loosens the nut 25, loosens the nut 25, and then The fastener is tightened with a force (torque) smaller than a predetermined force (torque).

  Further, on the upper surface of the base 71 and on the other end side of the base 71, a turbocharger (not shown) is installed on the jig JG5, the nut 25 is fastened, and the compressor housing 19 is not assembled. Hereinafter, it may be referred to as “a turbocharger before installation of the compressor housing.”) An unloading device 77 for unloading 1c from the jig JG5 is provided.

  The turbocharger 1c before installation of the compressor housing carried out by the carry-out device 77 is carried out from the turbine / compressor assembly device 55 by a conveying device (not shown) or by an operator's manual work, and the compressor housing 19 is assembled.

  By the way, the turbine / compressor assembling apparatus 55 is provided with temperature detection means capable of detecting the temperature of the turbocharger 1b before installation of the fastener installed in the jig JG5, and the detected temperature is displayed (not shown). ) May be displayed.

  According to the turbine / compressor assembling apparatus 55 provided with the temperature detecting means and the like, the temperature of the compressor impeller 13 is detected before the compressor impeller 13 is fastened by the nut 25, so that the compressor impeller in a high temperature state is detected. 13 can be prevented, and the compressor impeller 13 can be securely fastened by the nut 25.

  More specifically, when the compressor impeller 13 having a high temperature is fastened with the nut 25, the temperature of the compressor impeller 13 decreases after the fastening, and the compressor impeller 13 contracts, and the holding force of the compressor impeller 13 in the direction of the turbine shaft 5 by the nut 25. Although the (fastening force) is weakened, if the operator of the apparatus looks at the temperature of the compressor impeller 13 and fastens the cooled compressor impeller 13 with the nut 25, the compressor impeller 13 after the fastening does not contract. There is almost no possibility that the holding force of the compressor impeller 13 by the nut 25 becomes weak.

  Further, the temperature of the compressor impeller 13 detected by the temperature detecting means is sent to a control device of the apparatus, and when the temperature of the compressor impeller 13 is high under the control of the control apparatus, the fastener driving means 73 is driven. The compressor impeller 13 may be fastened by controlling so that the fastener driving means 73 is driven when the temperature of the compressor impeller 13 is low.

It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the turbocharger which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the state which assembled | attached the compressor impeller to the turbine shaft. It is a figure which shows the outline of the method of attaching a compressor impeller to a turbine shaft. It is a figure which shows the top view of a turbine and compressor assembly apparatus. It is a figure which shows the V arrow in FIG. 4, and is a front view of the said turbine and compressor assembly apparatus. It is a figure which shows the top view of a turbine and compressor assembly apparatus. It is a figure which shows the VII arrow in FIG. 6, and is a front view of the said turbine and compressor assembly apparatus. It is a top view of a turbine compressor assembly apparatus. It is a figure which shows the state which incorporated the compressor impeller in the turbine shaft of the conventional turbocharger.

Explanation of symbols

1 Turbocharger 5 Turbine shaft 9 Compressor 11 Turbine 13 Compressor impeller 13A Through hole 25 Fastener (nut)
53, 55 Turbine / compressor assembly device 59 Compressor impeller heating means 65 Compressor impeller press-fitting means 68 Compressor impeller cooling means 73 Fastener driving means

Claims (8)

In an assembling method of a turbocharger in which a compressor impeller is assembled to a turbine shaft,
A compressor impeller heating step for heating the compressor impeller ;
A compressor impeller press-fitting step of press-fitting the compressor impeller heated by the heating into the turbine shaft ;
A compressor impeller cooling step for cooling the compressor impeller ;
A compressor impeller pressing step of pressing the compressor impeller with a first predetermined force in the press-fitting direction using a fastener for fastening the compressor impeller to the turbine shaft ;
A compressor impeller fastening step of fastening the compressor impeller to the turbine shaft by using the fastener and pushing the compressor impeller in the press-fitting direction with a second predetermined force smaller than the first predetermined force ;
A method of assembling a turbocharger, comprising: The method of assembling a turbocharger according to claim 1,
The compressor impeller cooling step is a step of cooling the compressor impeller in a state in which the force applied in the compressor impeller press-fitting step is continuously applied.
In the compressor impeller fastening step, the first predetermined force applied in the compressor impeller pressing step is reduced to a value smaller than the second predetermined force, and the reduced force is reduced after the reduction. The turbocharger assembling method is a step of fastening the compressor impeller to the turbine shaft by increasing to a predetermined force. The method of assembling a turbocharger according to claim 1 or 2,
The turbocharger assembling method, wherein an engagement portion between the turbine shaft and the compressor impeller is an interference fit on a back side of the compressor impeller. In a method for assembling a member that assembles a first member having a shaft portion and a second member having a hole by engaging the shaft portion and the hole portion with each other.
A heating step of heating the second member ;
A press-fitting step of press-fitting the second member heated by the heating into the shaft of the first member ;
A cooling step for cooling the second member ;
A pressing step of pressing the second member with the first predetermined force in the press-fitting direction using a fastener for fastening the second member to the first member ;
Using the fastener, the second member is pushed in the press-fitting direction in the press-fitting direction with a second predetermined force smaller than the first predetermined force, and the second member is pushed into the first member. a fastening step of fastening to,
A method for assembling the member, comprising: In a turbine / compressor assembling device in which a compressor impeller is assembled to a turbine shaft,
Compressor impeller heating means for heating the compressor impeller;
Compressor impeller press-fitting means for press-fitting the compressor impeller heated by the heating into the turbine shaft;
Fastener driving means for freely fastening or loosening a fastener for fastening the compressor impeller to the turbine shaft;
After the fastener is tightened with the first predetermined force, the fastener is loosened, and after the loosening, the fastener is tightened with a second predetermined force smaller than the first predetermined force. Control means for controlling the fastener driving means ;
A turbine / compressor assembling apparatus characterized by comprising: The turbine-compressor assembling apparatus according to claim 5 ,
A turbine / compressor assembling apparatus comprising compressor impeller cooling means capable of cooling the compressor impeller press-fitted into the turbine shaft in a state in which a force to be applied when the press-fitting is continued. In a turbocharger comprising a turbine and a compressor,
A turbine shaft integrally formed with a turbine impeller of the turbine ;
A through hole provided in a compressor impeller of the compressor and engaged with the turbine shaft ;
A fastener that is provided on a tip end side of the turbine shaft, presses the compressor impeller in a direction in which the compressor impeller is inserted into the turbine shaft, and fastens the compressor impeller to the turbine shaft. and,
The turbocharger is characterized in that the fastener is a fastener that presses the compressor impeller with a pressing force larger than a pressing force fastening the compressor impeller. The turbocharger according to claim 7 ,
The turbocharger according to claim 1, wherein an engagement portion between the turbine shaft and the compressor impeller is an interference fit on a back side of the compressor impeller.

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