JP4422585B2 - Separator centrifuge - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a centrifuge for solid-liquid separation or liquid-liquid separation of a liquid to be treated by centrifugal force, and more particularly, to a heavy liquid discharge mechanism of a separation plate centrifuge in which a separation plate group is mounted in a rotating body. Is.

  This kind of centrifuge is a solid-liquid separation operation that separates the liquid to be treated containing solids into solids and liquids by the high centrifugal action of a rotating body that rotates at high speed, and two or more types having a specific gravity difference. It is used for liquid-liquid separation operations, etc., in which a liquid to be treated in which the liquid components are mixed is separated into two or more liquid components. In addition, among the centrifuges, a separation plate type centrifuge having a separation plate group in which a plurality of separation plates are stacked in a rotating body uses a large sedimentation area of the separation plate group to reduce the fine particles in the liquid and the difference in specific gravity. Since the mixed liquid can be separated efficiently, it is used in many fields such as the purification of marine fuel oil or lubricating oil, food, medicine and biotechnology. In addition, the separator type centrifuge is used for cleaning and clarifying the liquid to be treated having a relatively low solid content concentration. On the other hand, the solid content discharge mechanism and the heavy liquid discharge mechanism are used. It is also used when concentrating and cleaning a liquid to be treated having a relatively high concentration.

  Separation plate type centrifuge is composed of a rotating body having a rotating body and a lid that covers the upper part of the rotating body and having a sludge discharge hole on the outer periphery, and a separating plate made of a truncated cone-shaped thin plate disposed in the rotating body Is formed by laminating a large number in the axial direction of the rotating body, a valve cylinder that opens and closes a sludge discharge hole or a discharge nozzle that adjusts the sludge discharge amount, and an upper end portion attached to the lower end axis of the rotating body Rotating shaft. In addition, the upper end of the rotating body lid is provided with a separated light liquid and a heavy liquid chamber for discharging the heavy liquid to the outside of the machine, and a light liquid chamber. A path extends to the upper end of the rotating body lid. The light liquid discharge pipe is arranged on the axis of the rotating body, the heavy liquid discharge pipe is arranged in a state of being surrounded by a gap between the light liquid discharge pipe and the gap is formed as a pipe. Yes. Light liquid and heavy liquid suction openings are formed in the light liquid discharge pipe and the heavy liquid discharge pipe, respectively, and these suction openings are fixed at a predetermined distance from the axis of the separation plate.

  In the above separation plate type centrifuge, when the target specific gravity of the light liquid and heavy liquid separated liquid changes, the interface between the separated light liquid and heavy liquid is always the optimum position in the radial direction from the axis of the separation plate. Therefore, an adjustment plate with a different diameter was attached to the lower end of the heavy liquid discharge pipe, and the adjustment plate was replaced each time the type of liquid to be treated was changed.

  Therefore, Patent Document 1 proposes a separation plate type centrifuge capable of appropriately setting the interface between light and heavy liquids without replacing the adjustment plate. As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, for example, the separation plate type centrifuge processes the stock solution by a truncated cone-shaped separation plate 2 stacked in the rotating body 1, and separates the separated heavy liquid (for example, , Moisture) is discharged out of the apparatus through the heavy liquid chamber 6, and a light liquid (for example, oil) is led out of the apparatus through the light liquid chamber 5 by the light liquid impeller 7. Further, the separator-type centrifuge has a fixed disk 11 attached horizontally to the opening of the heavy liquid chamber 6 and connected with a heavy liquid pipe line 13 on the upper surface, and a light disk impeller 7 surrounding the fixed disk. 11 is rotatably inserted into the adjustment disk 9 having a disk 9A in which a guide groove 16 is engraved in the lower part, and is inserted between the fixed disk 11 and the adjustment disk 9 and fixed on the upper surface. A heavy liquid skimmer 12 having a boss portion 14 rotatably fitted on the lower side of the disk 11 and a guide 15 projecting loosely and slidably into a guide groove 16 is provided on the lower surface. .

In the separation plate type centrifuge, when the operation handle 10 attached to the upper part of the adjustment disk 9 is rotated by an appropriate angle, the arcuate guide engraved in the circular plate 9A below the adjustment disk 9 is provided. The groove 16 is displaced, and the guide 15 protruding from the lower surface of the heavy liquid skimmer 12 loosely inserted in the guide groove 16 is moved inward in the radial direction. As shown in FIG. 7, the heavy liquid skimmer 12 is horizontally movable in a pendulum manner around the boss portion 14, so that the suction port at the tip of the heavy liquid skimmer 12 is moved outside the heavy liquid chamber 6 by the movement of the guide 15. It moves in the range between the diameter side and the inner diameter side (range of B ₁ -B ₂ ). The position of the suction inlet of the heavy liquid skimmer 12 may be adjusted to the position of the diameter of the heavy liquid adjusting plate corresponding to the specific gravity of the oil. Since the radial position of the suction port at the tip of the heavy liquid skimmer 12 can be continuously displaced by the rotation angle of the adjustment disk 9, it can always be set to the optimum position according to the specific gravity of the light liquid to be processed.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-28196

  However, in the case of the structure in which the interface between the light liquid and the heavy liquid is set in the above-described conventional separation plate type centrifuge, a direct-acting variable method in which the heavy liquid skimmer 12 is operated using the operation handle 10 is adopted. Therefore, there is a problem that the operation handle 10 is not stable in operation, and the accuracy of setting the free interface of the heavy liquid is insufficient for each liquid to be processed.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and even if the liquid to be treated changes, there is no need to replace the adjustment plate for setting the interface between the light liquid and the heavy liquid, and the separated heavy liquid and light liquid are not replaced. An object of the present invention is to provide a separation plate type centrifuge capable of arbitrarily and accurately setting a free interface of a liquid at an optimal position and capable of stably setting a free interface in a short time.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a separation plate type centrifugal separator comprising: a rotary body having an upper end opened; and a rotary body having a separation chamber formed therein by a rotary body lid fitted to the upper end opening of the rotary cylinder. A plurality of separation plates stacked at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction in the separation chamber of the rotating body, a heavy liquid chamber and a light liquid chamber into which the light liquid and the heavy liquid separated in the separation chamber respectively flow, and the above A light liquid discharge pipe for discharging light liquid in the heavy liquid chamber to the outside of the machine, and a heavy liquid discharge pipe for surrounding the light liquid discharge pipe and discharging the heavy liquid in the heavy liquid chamber to the outside of the machine. In the separation plate type centrifuge, the heavy liquid discharge pipe is freely rotatable by a lower fixed disk fixed to the light liquid chamber side and a fitting portion formed on the upper surface of the lower fixed disk. An intermediate adjusting disk having an in-plane flow path that is eccentrically fitted into the heavy liquid chamber and opens as a heavy liquid suction port in the heavy liquid chamber, An upper rotating disk in which a guide groove into which a pin protruding from the upper surface of the adjusting disk is fitted is formed on the lower surface, and provided with driving means for rotating the upper rotating disk, By rotating the upper rotating disc by the driving means, the intermediate adjusting disc is moved to the lower portion while the pin of the intermediate adjusting disc slides along the guide groove of the upper rotating disc. The position of the heavy liquid suction port can be arbitrarily adjusted with respect to the radial direction of the heavy liquid discharge pipe by rotating eccentrically on the fixed disk.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the separation plate type centrifugal separator according to the first aspect, wherein the driving means includes a gear formed on a peripheral surface of the heavy liquid discharge pipe, It has a manual or automatic gear rotation means which has a gear part which meshes | engages with a gear, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  Further, according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, even if the liquid to be treated changes, it is not necessary to replace the adjusting plate for setting the interface between the light liquid and the heavy liquid. It is possible to provide a separation plate centrifuge that can arbitrarily and accurately set the free interface between the liquid and light liquid at an optimal position and can set the free interface stably in a short time. .

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an entire embodiment of the separation plate type centrifuge of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view showing the main part of the separation plate type centrifuge shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a view showing a lower fixed disk of a heavy liquid discharge pipe of the separation plate type centrifuge shown in FIG. 1, (a) is a plan view thereof, (b) is a sectional view thereof, and FIG. 4 is a separation plate shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the intermediate | middle adjustment disk of the heavy-liquid discharge pipeline of a type | mold centrifuge, (a) is the top view, (b) is the sectional drawing.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the separation plate type centrifuge 20 of the present embodiment is a rotating drum whose upper end is opened at a high speed by a drive mechanism (not shown) around a vertical supply pipe 21. 22 and a rotating body lid 23 fitted into the upper end opening of the rotating drum 22, and a rotating body (not shown) that forms a separation chamber 24 therein, are stacked in the vertical direction in the separation chamber 24 at a predetermined interval. A plurality of separation plates 25, a light liquid chamber 26 and a heavy liquid chamber 27 into which the light liquid L and the heavy liquid H separated in the separation chamber 24 respectively flow, and the light liquid L in the light liquid chamber 26 are removed from the machine. A heavy liquid discharge pipe 28, and a heavy liquid discharge pipe 29 that surrounds the light liquid discharge pipe 28 and discharges the heavy liquid H in the heavy liquid chamber 27 to the outside of the apparatus. The parts other than the passage 29 are configured in accordance with a conventional separator plate type centrifuge.

  The light liquid discharge pipe 28 surrounds the supply pipe 21 and is fixed to the supply pipe 21. A light liquid impeller 28A is formed at the lower end of the light liquid discharge pipe 28 so that the light liquid suction port faces the light liquid chamber 26, and the light liquid in the light liquid chamber 26 is sucked from the light liquid impeller 28A. It is made to discharge outside through the machine 28.

  The heavy liquid discharge pipe 29 is formed on the lower fixed disk 30 fixed to the lower part of the light liquid discharge pipe 28 and the upper surface of the lower fixed disk 30 as shown in FIGS. An intermediate adjusting disc 31 that has a flow path that is rotatably eccentrically fitted to the fitting raised portion 30A and that opens as a heavy liquid suction port 31A in the heavy liquid chamber 27, and the intermediate adjusting disk 31. And an upper rotating disc 32 having a guide groove 32A (see FIG. 1) in which a pin 31B projecting from the upper surface is fitted on the lower surface, and the discs 30, 31, 32 are identical to each other. It has a diameter and is stored in the heavy liquid chamber 27 so as to overlap each other. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper rotating disk 32 is integrated at the lower end of the conduit body 29 </ b> A of the heavy liquid discharge conduit 29. These members are all housed in a casing 33 as shown in FIG.

  That is, the lower fixed disk 30 is fixed to the lower part of the light liquid discharge conduit 28 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, a central hole 30 </ b> B through which the light liquid discharge pipe 28 passes is formed in the lower fixed disk 30 to have a size substantially equal to the large diameter of the light liquid discharge pipe 28. The light liquid discharge conduit 28 is in close contact with the central hole 30B. A fitting raised portion 30A is formed in a circular shape on the upper surface of the lower fixed disk 30, and the upper surface of the fitting raised portion 30A is flat. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the axial center of the fitting raised portion 30A is the axial center of the central hole 30B of the lower fixed disk 30, more specifically, the axial center of the supply pipe 21. And a position deviated from the axis of the light liquid discharge pipe 28.

  As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the intermediate adjustment disc 31 is formed with a circular through hole 31 </ b> C, and the axis of the through hole 31 </ b> C is deviated from the axis of the intermediate adjustment disc 31. In position. On the lower surface of the intermediate adjustment disc 31, an enlarged diameter portion 31D that is enlarged from the through hole 31C is formed, and a step portion is formed between the through hole 31C and the enlarged diameter portion 31D. As shown in FIG. 1, a fitting bulging portion 30A on the upper surface of the lower fixed disk 30 is fitted into the enlarged diameter portion 31D, and as shown in FIG. It is designed to rotate in the reverse direction. A flow path 31E that penetrates from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 31C is formed in the intermediate adjustment disc 31, and an opening in the outer peripheral surface of the flow path 31E is formed as a heavy liquid suction port 31A. . That is, the flow path 31E of the intermediate adjustment disc 31 is formed as a heavy liquid impeller. Further, a pin 31B is planted on the upper surface of the intermediate adjustment disc 31, and this pin 31B is fitted into a guide groove 32A formed in the radial direction on the lower surface of the upper rotating disc 32.

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the separation plate type centrifugal separator 20 of the present embodiment includes an operation handle 34 that rotates the upper rotation disk 32 of the heavy liquid impeller. As shown in FIG. 2, the operation handle 34 includes a handle portion 34A, a bearing 34C that pivotally supports the shaft portion 34B of the handle portion 34A, and a first bevel gear attached to the tip of the shaft portion 34B. 34D, the bearing 34C is fixed to the upper part of the casing 33, and the first bevel gear 34D faces the casing 33. A second bevel gear 35 is attached to the conduit main body 29A of the heavy liquid discharge conduit 29 in the casing 33 via a hub. The first bevel gear 34D of the operation handle 34 and the second bevel gear 35 of the pipe main body 29A mesh with each other and function as drive means for the upper rotating disk 32. Therefore, by manually operating the operation handle 34, the upper rotating disk 32 integrated with the pipe main body 29A can be finely and precisely rotated through the first and second bevel gears 34D and 35. .

  The drive means can be automatically operated by attaching an electric motor or the like to the handle portion 34A of the operation handle 34. In the case of automatic operation, an operation program is stored in a control device (not shown), and a free interface of heavy liquid H is set in advance according to the type of liquid to be treated, so that heavy liquid H ( The free interface of FIG. 5) can be automatically set.

  Next, the operation will be described. When the liquid to be treated is supplied from the supply pipe 21 of the separation plate centrifuge 20 into the separation chamber 24 in the rotating body, the rotating body is rotated at a high speed. Separated into light liquid L (see FIG. 5), heavy liquid H and sludge layers by centrifugal force due to the difference in specific gravity of the components.

  When the liquid to be treated is continuously supplied, the light liquid L gradually moves inward in the radial direction along the separation plate 25 and flows into the light liquid chamber 26 from the separation chamber 24. Eventually, the light liquid L is sent from the light liquid chamber 26 to the light liquid discharge pipe 28 via the light liquid suction port of the light liquid impeller 28A, and is continuously discharged outside the apparatus.

  Further, the heavy liquid H flows into the gap between the rotating body lid 23 from the lower end of the partition plate that is spaced from the rotating body lid 23. The heavy liquid H flows above the rotating body lid 23 through the gap and flows into the heavy liquid chamber 27. Eventually, the heavy liquid H is sandwiched between the heavy liquid suction chamber 31A of the lower fixed disk 30 and the upper rotating disk 32 through the flow path 31E from the heavy liquid suction port 31A of the intermediate adjustment disk 31 from the heavy liquid chamber 27. It reaches the through hole 31 </ b> C and is discharged out of the machine from the heavy liquid discharge line 29 via a gap with the outer peripheral surface of the light liquid discharge line 28.

  When the liquid to be treated is changed and the free interface of the heavy liquid is reset, the operation handle 34 is rotated to change the position of the heavy liquid suction port 31A serving as the heavy liquid impeller. That is, when the operation handle 34 is operated, the upper rotating disk 32 is decelerated and rotated via the shaft portion 34B and the first and second bevel gears 34D and 35. Due to the rotation of the upper rotating disk 32, the intermediate adjustment disk 31 is fitted to the lower fixed disk 30 through the guide groove 32A on the lower surface of the upper rotating disk 32 and the pin 31B of the intermediate adjustment disk 31. It rotates about 30A as an axis. At this time, the fitting raised portion 30A of the lower fixed disc 30 and the through hole 31C of the intermediate adjustment disc 31 coincide with each other, but the axis of the upper rotating disc 32, that is, the axis of the separation plate 25 is the same. As the intermediate adjustment disc 31 rotates, the heavy liquid suction port 31A deviates from the axial center of the separation plate 25 in the radial direction from the solid line position shown in FIG. The free interface with the heavy liquid H can be adapted to the optimum position. That is, the heavy liquid suction port 31A is the adjustment position in the case of the liquid to be treated that is closest to the axis of the separation plate 25 at the position of the solid line and has the most heavy liquid H, and is the most from the axis of the separation plate 25 at the position of the broken line. This is an adjustment position in the case of a liquid to be processed which is far away and has the least amount of heavy liquid H.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the heavy liquid discharge pipe 29 includes the lower fixed disk 30 fixed to the light liquid chamber 26 side and the fitting ridge formed on the upper surface of the lower fixed disk 30. An intermediate adjusting disc 31 having a flow path 31E that is rotatably eccentrically fitted to the portion 30A and opens as a heavy liquid suction port 31A in the heavy liquid chamber 27, and an upper surface of the intermediate adjusting disk 31 An upper rotating disk 32 having a guide groove 32A into which the provided pin 31B is inserted is formed on the lower surface, and an operating handle 34 for rotating the upper rotating disk 32 is provided. By rotating the upper rotating disk 32, the intermediate adjusting disk 31 is moved to the lower fixed circle while the pin 31B of the intermediate adjusting disk 31 slides along the guide groove 32A of the upper rotating disk 32. Eccentric rotation on the plate 30 with the fitting raised portion 30A as an axis Since the position of the liquid suction port 31A can be arbitrarily adjusted with respect to the radial direction of the heavy liquid discharge pipe 29, it is necessary to replace the adjustment plate for setting the interface between the light liquid and the heavy liquid even if the liquid to be treated changes. In addition, the free interface between the separated heavy liquid and light liquid can be set arbitrarily and accurately at the optimum position, and the free interface can be set stably in a short time.

  In addition, this invention is not restrict | limited at all to the said embodiment, Unless it is contrary to the meaning of this invention, it is included by this invention.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be suitably used for separator plate centrifuges used in the fields of petroleum, chemical industry, food industry, pharmaceutical industry, biotechnology, cleaning of lubricating oil and fuel oil in ships, and the like.

It is sectional drawing which shows the whole one Embodiment of the separation-plate-type centrifuge of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the separation plate type centrifuge shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the lower fixed disk of the heavy-liquid discharge pipeline of the separation-plate-type centrifuge shown in FIG. 1, (a) is the top view, (b) is the sectional drawing. It is a figure which shows the intermediate | middle adjustment disk of the heavy-liquid discharge pipeline of the separation-plate-type centrifuge shown in FIG. 1, (a) is the top view, (b) is the sectional drawing. It is sectional drawing which shows one Embodiment of the conventional separator plate-type centrifuge. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the separation plate type centrifuge shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows the half of the principal part of the separation plate type centrifuge shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

20 Separator plate centrifuge 23 Rotating body lid 24 Separation chamber 25 Separation plate 26 Light liquid chamber 27 Heavy liquid chamber 28 Light liquid discharge conduit 29 Heavy liquid discharge conduit 29A Pipe body 30 Lower fixed disk 30A Fitting ridge Part (fitting part)
31 Intermediate adjusting disk 31A Heavy liquid suction port 31B Pin 31C Through hole 32 Upper rotating disk 32A Guide groove 34 Operation handle 34D First bevel gear (gear part)
35 Second bevel gear (gear part)

Claims (2)

  A rotating body having a separation chamber formed therein by a rotating drum having an upper end opened and a rotating body lid fitted to the upper end opening of the rotating drum, and stacked in a vertical direction within the separation chamber of the rotating member at predetermined intervals. A plurality of separation plates, a light liquid chamber and a heavy liquid chamber into which the light liquid and heavy liquid separated in the separation chamber flow, and a light liquid discharge pipe for discharging the light liquid in the light liquid chamber to the outside of the apparatus. And a heavy liquid discharge line that surrounds the light liquid discharge line and discharges the heavy liquid in the heavy liquid chamber to the outside of the apparatus, wherein the heavy liquid discharge line is A lower fixed disc fixed to the light liquid chamber side and a fitting portion formed on the upper surface of the lower fixed disc, which is rotatably eccentrically fitted and serves as a heavy liquid suction port in the heavy liquid chamber An intermediate adjusting disk having an open channel in the plane and a guide into which a pin protruding from the upper surface of the intermediate adjusting disk is fitted. An upper rotating disk having a groove formed on the lower surface, and provided with a driving means for rotating the upper rotating disk, and the upper rotating disk is rotated by the driving means. While the pin of the intermediate adjusting disk slides along the guide groove of the upper rotating disk, the intermediate adjusting disk rotates eccentrically on the lower fixed disk, and the heavy liquid suction port A separation plate type centrifuge characterized in that the position can be arbitrarily adjusted with respect to the radial direction of the heavy liquid discharge pipe.   The said drive means has the gear formed in the surrounding surface of the said heavy-liquid discharge conduit | pipe, and the manual or automatic gear drive means which has a gear part meshing with this gear, The claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. The separation plate type centrifuge described.

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