JP4419413B2 - Sliding door structure for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vehicular sliding door structure that opens and closes a boarding / alighting opening formed on a side of a vehicle body by a sliding operation in the vehicle front-rear direction.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, sliding doors have been adopted in wagon cars. Referring to prior art documents of this type of sliding door, the sliding door disclosed in Patent Document 1 seems to be common. As described in this document, generally, the slide door is slid toward the vehicle rear side while moving outward in the vehicle width direction.
[0003]
Moreover, in what was disclosed by patent document 2, a slide door is once lifted (lifted up) with respect to a general slide door, and is made to slide to the vehicle rear side. Thereby, the amount of protrusion of the sliding door when the door is opened is reduced.
[0004]
Furthermore, in what was disclosed by patent document 3, after rotating the upper end part of a slide door to the vehicle width direction outer side centering on the lower end of a slide door, it is made to slide to a vehicle rear side.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-9-272343 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-9-263136 [Patent Document 3]
Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 7-12789 [0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Here, in order to improve boarding / exiting performance, it has been studied to expand the opening portion of the slide door to the roof portion. Considering the above prior art from this viewpoint, first, in the case of the structure disclosed in Patent Document 1, when the door is opened, the slide door moves horizontally outward in the vehicle width direction. The amount of overhang to the outside of the direction will increase, causing problems in places where the entrance / exit space is narrow, such as street parking and multilevel parking.
[0007]
Next, in the case of the structure disclosed in Patent Document 2, it is possible to extend the opening to the roof while suppressing the amount of protrusion to the outside in the vehicle width direction. Since it is necessary to slide the vehicle from the rear side to the rear side, it is a two-step operation and the operability is poor. Furthermore, since the lifting (upward movement) of the sliding door and the sliding to the rear side of the vehicle are established by separate mechanisms, the structure is complicated and it is difficult to ensure the strength.
[0008]
Further, in the case of the structure disclosed in Patent Document 3, since the upper end of the slide door is rotated outward in the vehicle width direction around the lower end of the slide door, when the opening is expanded to the roof portion, Since the roof portion is relatively thick, the rotation angle of the slide door becomes large, and the amount of protrusion of the slide door when the door is opened increases. Therefore, it seems that the same malfunction as the structure disclosed in Patent Document 1 occurs. Furthermore, since it is a two-stage operation in which the slide door is rotated and then slid toward the vehicle rear side, the operability is poor as in the structure disclosed in Patent Document 2.
[0009]
In view of the above facts, the present invention has an object to obtain a vehicle sliding door structure capable of improving ease of getting on and off by expanding an opening, suppressing a protruding amount when the door is opened, and improving operability. .
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The vehicle sliding door structure according to the first aspect of the present invention is a vehicle sliding door structure that opens and closes a boarding / alighting opening formed on a side of a vehicle body by a sliding operation in the vehicle front-rear direction. The opening is formed from the vehicle body side portion to the roof portion, and accordingly, the slide door is formed in a bowl shape when viewed from the vehicle body front side, and further, a part of the slide locus of the slide door is formed. The trajectory from the closed state to the initial open state is set so as to go obliquely upward and outward when viewed from the front side of the vehicle body and obliquely upward and rearward when viewed from the side surface of the vehicle body, and , the less of the guide rails of the channel shape for supporting the sliding door slidably formed linearly in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, including an end before and after the body side and the roof portion On the other hand with being laid, the said guide said inside rail while being guided by the guide rail of the guide rail and longitudinally rollable a lower roller the while being guided by the outer guide rail to the guide rail guide A slider having an upper roller that can roll in the longitudinal direction of the rail and having an outer end connected to a slide door; and a slider that is provided at a front end of the guide rail, and the slider reaches the front end of the guide rail And a guide for rotating the upper roller in the vehicle front-rear direction about the lower rotor, and a guide rail for the slider. As the lower roller and the upper roller are guided and rolled, the slider slides in the vehicle longitudinal direction, and the lower roller comes into contact with the guide. The upper rollers around the lower roller in a state that the slider by rotating rotates in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, is characterized in that.
[0013]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the vehicle sliding door structure according to the first aspect , wherein the urging means for urging the sliding door in the door opening direction when the sliding door is closed. It is characterized by having.
[0014]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the sliding door structure for a vehicle according to the first or second aspect , wherein a shade covering the opening portion located in the roof portion can be moved forward and backward in the entrance opening. It is provided in that.
[0020]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, at least one of the vehicle body side portion and the roof portion is laid with a channel-shaped guide rail that slidably supports the sliding door in the vehicle longitudinal direction including the front and rear ends. Has been. The lower roller of the slider is provided inside the guide rail, and the upper roller of the slider is provided outside the guide rail. The lower roller and the upper roller are guided by the guide rail and roll in the vehicle longitudinal direction. To do. A slide door is connected to the outer end portion of the slider, whereby the guide rail and the slide door are connected to each other by the slider. Therefore, when the sliding door is opened and closed, the sliding door slides in the vehicle front-rear direction by sliding the slider along the guide rail.
[0021]
Here, in the present invention, a guide that constitutes a slider rotation means together with the slider is provided at the front end portion of the guide rail, and the lower roller contacts the guide when the slider reaches the front end of the guide rail. Further, when the upper roller is rotated in the front-rear direction of the vehicle around the lower roller while being guided by the guide from this state, the slider is rotated in the front-rear direction of the vehicle together with the upper roller. For this reason, when the door is opened, the slider rotates around the front end of the guide rail toward the rear of the vehicle, and when the door is closed, the slider rotates around the front end of the guide rail toward the front of the vehicle. Therefore, the guide rail can be applied to a vehicle in which a space cannot be secured as much as the front end portion of the guide rail is inclined obliquely downward and forward when viewed from the side surface of the vehicle body.
[0022]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the slide door is closed, the slide door receives the biasing force in the door opening direction from the biasing means. For this reason, an assisting force (assist) can be obtained in the initial stage of opening the slide door. Accordingly, the operation load at the initial opening of the sliding door can be reduced.
[0023]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the shade covering the opening portion located in the roof portion is provided in the opening / alighting opening portion so as to be able to advance and retreat, rain or the like can be prevented from entering the vehicle interior.
[0024]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described first embodiment of the vehicle dual sliding door structure. The first embodiment is a reference example not included in the embodiment of the present invention.
[0025]
FIG. 1A shows the overall configuration of the vehicle sliding door structure according to this embodiment in a front view. FIG. 1B shows the overall configuration of the vehicle sliding door structure in a side view.
[0026]
As shown in these drawings, the vehicle 10 is formed with a passenger opening 16 extending from the vehicle body side portion 12 to the roof portion 14. In addition, the opening range of the opening 16 for boarding / alighting is shown by the arrow H in FIG. This entrance / exit opening 16 is opened and closed by a slide door 18 formed in a bowl shape when viewed from the front side of the vehicle body.
[0027]
Specifically, the first guide rail 20, the second guide rail 22, and the third guide rail 24 are parallel to the upper and lower three stages in the peripheral portion including the upper and lower edges of the entrance / exit 16 for the vehicle body side portion 12. It is laid. The first guide rail 20 is laid on the roof portion 14 (upper edge portion of the opening 16 for getting on and off), and the second guide rail 22 is laid on the upper side of the rear wheel 26 of the vehicle body side portion 12. Further, the third guide rail 24 is laid on the rocker portion 28 (the lower edge portion of the entry / exit opening portion 16). The first guide rail 20 to the third guide rail 24 are all formed in a channel shape.
[0028]
The first guide rail 20 to the third guide rail 24 and the slide door 18 described above are connected and supported by a slider 30. The slider 30 is fixed to an L-shaped plate-shaped slider main body 30A (enlarged in FIG. 2) slidably fitted in the first guide rail 20 to the third guide rail 24 and the inner surface of the slide door 18. The mounting portion 30B (refer to FIG. 1A), and a connecting portion 30C (enlarged in FIG. 2) that connects the slider body 30A and the mounting portion 30B so as to be relatively rotatable.
[0029]
A pair of front and rear rollers 32 are rotatably supported on the lower surface side of the bottom wall portion of the slider body 30A. Further, a protruding portion 34 that protrudes toward the inside of the rail is formed on the bottom wall portion of the slider body 30A. On the movement trajectory of the projecting portion 34, a compression coil spring 36 is disposed as “biasing means”. A proximal end portion of the compression coil spring 36 is abutted and locked to a spring support bracket 40 fixed to the vehicle body 38. A resin cap 42 is fitted to the tip of the compression coil spring 36, and when the slide door 18 is fully closed, the protrusion 34 abuts against the head 42 </ b> A of the cap 42, and the compression coil spring 36. The elastic restoring force is accumulated by compressing. Although not shown, the compression coil spring 36 is supported by a spring seat or the like provided on the support bracket 40 side.
[0030]
Further, the front end portion 20A of the first guide rail 20, the front end portion 22A of the second guide rail 22, and the front end portion 24A of the third guide rail 24 are rounded obliquely downward, respectively. Therefore, the slide locus P from the closed state of the sliding door 18 to the initial opening is when viewed from the front side of the vehicle body and obliquely upward and outward (in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1A) and from the side surface of the vehicle body. Is set to face obliquely upward and rearward (in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 1B). Note that the slide trajectory Q of the slide door 18 after the initial opening is set in a straight line along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
[0031]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a substantially rectangular flat plate-shaped shade 44 is disposed in the vehicle width direction (directions of arrows C and C ′ in FIG. 3) at a portion located on the roof portion 14 of the above-described entry / exit opening 16. It is provided to be able to advance and retreat. Both end portions in the width direction of the shade 44 (end portions in the front-rear direction when assembled to the vehicle 10) are supported by guides 46 having a U-shaped cross section provided on both side edges of the entrance opening 16.
[0032]
Next, the operation and effect of this embodiment will be described.
[0033]
When the sliding door 18 is opened at the time of getting on and off, in the initial opening stage, when viewed from the front side of the vehicle body, when viewed from the side of the vehicle body on the diagonally upper outer side (in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1A), the diagonally upward rear side The slide door 18 is slid in the direction (arrow B direction in FIG. 1B). After the initial opening, the sliding door 18 may be slid linearly toward the vehicle rear side.
[0034]
Here, in the present embodiment, the front end portion 20A of the first guide rail 20, the front end portion 22A of the second guide rail 22, and the front end portion 24A of the third guide rail 24 are rounded obliquely downward, so the sliding door 18 The slide trajectory becomes P to Q. In other words, the sliding locus P from the closed state of the sliding door 18 to the initial opening state is viewed obliquely upward and outward (in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1A) and viewed from the side surface of the vehicle body when viewed from the front side of the vehicle body. In this case, the trajectory goes diagonally upward and rearward (in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 1B). As a result, the sliding door 18 secures the necessary minimum gaps (D and E in FIG. 1A) between the side surface of the vehicle body and the roof surface, and minimizes the amount of protrusion outward in the vehicle width direction. Slide in a state that is limited.
[0035]
In the present embodiment, by setting the slide locus of the slide door 18 as described above, the sliding door 18 formed in a bowl shape when viewed from the front side of the vehicle body can be opened and closed. A large opening 16 for getting on and off can be provided across the roof portion 14. As a result, the occupant can get on and off without bending the upper body so much, and the boarding / exiting performance is improved.
[0036]
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the slide locus P from the closed state to the initial open state of the slide door 18 is directed obliquely upward and outward (in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1A) and viewed from the front side of the vehicle body. When viewed from the side, it is set to go diagonally upward and rearward (in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 1B), so that the slide locus smoothly connects from the arcuate locus P to the linear locus Q. It becomes a trajectory. In other words, the prior art in which the sliding door is once pulled outward in the vehicle width direction and then slid rearward, or the sliding door is lifted up obliquely upward as viewed from the front side of the vehicle body and then slid rearward using the parallel link mechanism. In the case of the prior art, an angular part appears in the slide locus, so it is unavoidable that it is a two-step operation, but in the case of this embodiment, such an angularity is not on the slide locus, so one operation Thus, the slide door 18 can be opened and closed. Therefore, the operability is very good.
[0037]
In the present embodiment, the front end portion 20A of the first guide rail 20 to the front end portion 24A of the third guide rail 24 are inclined obliquely inward when viewed from the front side of the vehicle body and viewed from the side surface of the vehicle body. Therefore, the above-described slide locus P can be set with a simple configuration in which the shape of the guide rail is devised. Therefore, the structure can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.
[0038]
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the compression coil spring 36 for providing an assisting force (assist) when the door is opened is disposed in the vicinity of the front end portion 20A of the first guide rail 20 to the front end portion 24A of the third guide rail 24. The operating load at the initial opening of the slide door 18 can be reduced.
[0039]
Further, in the present embodiment, the shade 44 that covers the opening portion located in the roof portion 14 of the entrance / exit opening portion 16 is provided so as to be able to advance and retreat, so that rain or the like can be prevented from entering the vehicle interior.
[0040]
[Second Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the vehicle sliding door structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, about the same component as 1st Embodiment mentioned above, the same number is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0041]
FIG. 4A shows the overall configuration of the vehicle sliding door structure according to the present embodiment in a front view. FIG. 4B shows the overall configuration of the vehicle sliding door structure in a side view.
[0042]
As shown in these drawings, in this embodiment, instead of the first guide rail 20 and the third guide rail 24 of the first embodiment in which the front end portion is rounded, the front end portion is linearly included. The formed first guide rail 50 and third guide rail 52 are used.
[0043]
Correspondingly, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, slider rotating means 54 is provided on the first guide rail 50 and the third guide rail 52 side. More specifically, the slider rotating means 54 is mainly composed of a slider 56 and a guide 58.
[0044]
The slider 56 includes a roller support portion (slider main body) 56A formed in an isosceles trapezoidal shape, and a lower roller 60 and a pair of upper rollers 62 are rotatably supported by the roller support portion 56A. The lower roller 60 is rotatably accommodated in the first guide rail 50 and the third guide rail 52, and the pair of upper rollers 62 is on the upper wall portion 50B of the first guide rail 50 and on the third guide rail 52. It rolls on the upper wall portion 52B. The roller support portion 56A is connected to an attachment portion 56B (see FIG. 6) to the slide door 18 via a connection portion 56C so as to be relatively rotatable.
[0045]
The guide 58 is formed in a substantially square block shape, and is connected to the front end portion 50 </ b> A of the first guide rail 50 and the front end portion 52 </ b> A of the third guide rail 52. The guide 58 is formed with a stopper portion 64 for preventing the lower roller 60 from being removed, and a concave groove 66 for changing the slide locus of the upper roller 62 from the linear locus Q to the arcuate locus P. ing. The concave groove 66 has a groove width that allows the upper roller 62 to roll, and the arc locus P when the lower roller 60 abuts against the stopper portion 64 and the slider 56 rotates around the stopper roller 64. It is formed along.
[0046]
In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, also in this embodiment, the urging means equivalent to the compression coil spring 36 in 1st Embodiment is arrange | positioned.
[0047]
Next, the operation and effect of this embodiment will be described.
[0048]
In the initial stage of opening the door, the slider 56 at the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 5A rotates clockwise with the lower roller 60 as the rotation center, and the slide locus P (see FIG. 4B). Is rotated in a circular arc shape toward the rear side of the vehicle. Thereafter, the vehicle slides toward the vehicle rear side along the slide locus Q.
[0049]
On the contrary, at the end of the door closing, the lower roller 60 of the slider 56 at the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 5A reaches the front end portion 50A of the first guide rail 50 and the front end portion 52A of the third guide rail 52, It stops in contact with the stopper portion 64 of 58. Thereafter, the slider 56 is rotated in an arc shape in the vehicle front-rear direction along the slide path P when the pair of upper rollers 62 enters the concave groove 66 of the guide 58 with the lower roller 60 as the rotation center.
[0050]
Also in this embodiment, the same operation and effect as the first embodiment described above can be obtained. Furthermore, when compared with the first embodiment, in this embodiment, the first guide rail 50 and the third guide rail 52 are configured linearly including the front end portions 50A and 52A by providing the slider rotating means 54. As a result, the advantage is that the front end of the guide rail can be applied to a vehicle in which a space cannot be secured to the extent that the front end of the guide rail is inclined downwardly outward when viewed from the front of the vehicle body and obliquely downward and forward when viewed from the side of the vehicle body. There is.
[0051]
In each of the above-described embodiments, the compression coil spring 36 (or an equivalent) urging means is provided for the purpose of providing an assisting force when the slide door 18 is opened. Alternatively, a small gas damper or the like may be used.
[0052]
In each of the above-described embodiments, the guide rails are provided in the upper and lower three stages. However, if problems such as securing the strength can be cleared, the guide rails are not necessarily provided in the upper and lower three stages.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the vehicle sliding door structure according to the first aspect of the present invention, the entrance / exit opening is formed from the side of the vehicle body to the roof portion, and the sliding door is accordingly attached to the front of the vehicle body. It is formed in a bowl shape when viewed from the side, and further, when viewed from the front side of the vehicle body, the trajectory from the closed state to the initial opening state constituting a part of the slide trajectory of the sliding door is obliquely upward and outward and When viewed from the side of the vehicle body, it is set to go diagonally upward and rearward, so it is possible to improve boarding / exiting performance by expanding the opening, control the amount of overhang when the door is opened, and improve operability. Has an excellent effect.
[0054]
Further, the vehicle sliding door structure according to the first aspect of the present invention lays a guide rail extending in the vehicle front-rear direction and slidably supporting the sliding door on at least one of the vehicle body side portion and the roof portion, Furthermore, since the front end portion of the guide rail is inclined obliquely downward inward when viewed from the front side of the vehicle body and inclined obliquely downward and forward when viewed from the side surface of the vehicle body, the slide locus described above with a simple configuration is provided. it can be set, as a result, has a lower cost effective when not cormorants was superior can be reduced by simplifying the structure.
[0055]
Moreover, in the vehicle sliding door structure according to the first aspect of the present invention, the guide rails laid on at least one of the vehicle body side portion and the roof portion are linearly formed in the vehicle longitudinal direction including the front and rear ends . , the outer end portion in the guide rail slidably is fitted is an inner end portion of the slider which is connected to the slide door, further, by a predetermined angle rotates the inner end portion of the slider at the front end of the guide rail Since the slider rotating means is provided, it has an excellent effect of effectively acting on a vehicle in which a space cannot be secured near the front end portion of the guide rail.
[0056]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the vehicle sliding door structure according to the first aspect of the present invention, further comprising a biasing means for biasing the sliding door in the door opening direction when the sliding door is in a closed state. Therefore, an assisting force (assist) can be obtained in the initial stage of opening the slide door, and as a result, the operability can be further improved.
[0057]
The sliding door structure for a vehicle according to the third aspect of the present invention is the invention according to the first or second aspect , wherein the shade covering the opening portion located in the roof portion is provided in the opening portion for getting on and off so as to advance and retreat. It has an excellent effect that rain can be prevented from entering the passenger compartment.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a front view showing an overall configuration of a vehicle sliding door structure according to a first embodiment, and FIG. 1B is a side view thereof.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part showing a configuration around a front end portion of a guide rail.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part showing a shade for avoiding rain.
4A is a front view showing an overall configuration of a vehicle sliding door structure according to a second embodiment, and FIG. 4B is a side view thereof.
5A is an enlarged perspective view of a slider rotating means, and FIG. 5B is a longitudinal sectional view thereof.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state where a shade is provided in the second embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Vehicle 12 Car body side part 14 Roof part 16 Entrance / exit part 18 Sliding door 20 1st guide rail 20A Front end part 22 Second guide rail 22A Front end part 24 Third guide rail 24A Front end part 36 Compression coil spring (biasing means)
44 Shade 50 First Guide Rail 50A Front End 52 Third Guide Rail 52A Front End 54 Slider Turning Means 56 Slider 58 Guide

Claims (3)

A vehicle sliding door structure that opens and closes a boarding / alighting opening formed on a side of a vehicle body by a sliding operation in a vehicle longitudinal direction,
The entrance for getting on and off is formed from the side of the vehicle body to the roof portion, and accordingly, the sliding door is formed in a bowl shape when viewed from the front side of the vehicle body,
Further, the trajectory from the closed state to the initial opening state constituting a part of the slide trajectory of the sliding door is obliquely upward and outward when viewed from the front side of the vehicle body and obliquely upward when viewed from the side surface of the vehicle body. Set to go to the side,
In addition, a channel-shaped guide rail that is linearly formed in the vehicle longitudinal direction including the front and rear ends and slidably supports the sliding door is laid on at least one of the vehicle body side portion and the roof portion,
A lower roller that can be guided in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail while being guided by the guide rail inside the guide rail, and a roller that is capable of rolling in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail while being guided by the guide rail outside the guide rail. A slider having an upper roller and an outer end connected to the sliding door;
A guide provided at a front end portion of the guide rail, which contacts the lower roller in a state where the slider reaches the front end portion of the guide rail, and rotates the upper roller in the vehicle longitudinal direction around the lower rotor. When,
The slider is configured to include a slider rotating means. The lower roller and the upper roller of the slider are guided and rolled by the guide rail, so that the slider slides in the vehicle front-rear direction, and the lower roller is supported by the guide. The slider rotates in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle by rotating the upper roller around the lower roller in a state where the
A sliding door structure for a vehicle. Urging means for urging the sliding door in the door opening direction when the sliding door is closed;
The sliding door structure for vehicles according to claim 1 characterized by things. The opening for getting on and off is provided with a shade that covers the opening located in the roof part so as to be able to advance and retreat.
The sliding door structure for vehicles according to claim 1 or 2 characterized by things.

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