JP4418613B2 - Energy regulator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
(Technical field)
This application is a continuation of 1,998, which is a continuation of application 08 / 841,940, filed April 8, 1,997, currently issued as US Pat. No. 5,909,350. Application No. 09 / 008,769, filed Jan. 19, filed April 7, 1,998, now issued as US Pat. No. 6,018,448 This is a continuation of the co-pending application 09 / 460,218 filed December 13, 1,999, which is a continuation of 09 / 056,379. In addition, this application is filed with US Provisional Application No. 60 / 136,451 filed on May 28, 1999, US Provisional Application No. 60 / 139,182 filed on June 15, 1,999, 1, US Provisional Application No. 60 / 146,987 filed Aug. 3, 999, US Provisional Application No. 60 / 165,035, filed Nov. 12, 1999, filed Feb. 3, 2000 U.S. Provisional Application No. 60 / 180,101, U.S. Provisional Application No. 60 / 185,320 filed on Feb. 28, 2000, U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/200, filed on Apr. 28, 2000. No. 327, and US Provisional Application No. 60 / 203,863, filed May 12, 2000.
[0002]
(Background of the Invention)
The present invention is installed at the center of a structure in which a pair of differential electrodes to which a voltage is applied can simultaneously interact with the differential electrodes when they operate with each other in an anti-phase or charging method. In addition, the present invention relates to a multi-functional energy conditioner having a shared conductive electrode.
[0003]
Most electronic devices currently in production contain miniaturized active elements and circuits to perform high-speed functions, and utilize high-speed electrical interconnections for power and data propagation between critical elements is doing. These elements are very easily affected by stray electrical energy caused by electromagnetic interference or transient voltages that occur in the electrical circuits that service or utilize these systems. Transient voltages can severely damage or destroy these small electronic elements or contacts, thereby rendering the electronics ineffective, often requiring extensive repair and / or extremely costly replacement.
[0004]
Electrical interference in the form of EMI, RFI, capacitive parasitics and inductive parasitics originates from sources such as radio broadcast antennas or other electromagnetic wave generators or is induced from these sources into electrical circuits and elements. EMI also occurs from electrical circuits that preferably shield EMI. Differential and common mode currents are typically generated in cables or on circuit board tracks. In many cases, an electric field is radiated from these conductors and acts as an antenna. These conducted / radiated emissions must be controlled to prevent interference with other circuits that are sensitive to unwanted noise. As the equipment operates, other sources of interference also arise from the equipment, thereby coupling energy into the electrical circuit and causing significant interference. In order to meet international release requirements and / or susceptibility requirements, this interference must be removed.
[0005]
The transient voltage is induced by a lightning strike on the electric wire, and a remarkably large potential is generated in a very short time. Similarly, electromagnetic pulses (EMP) generate high voltage spikes with short rise time pulses over a wide frequency range that are detrimental to most electronic devices. Other high transient voltage sources and ground loop interference caused by changing the ground potential can destroy the electrical system. Existing protection devices cannot adequately protect a single integrated package. As is apparent from the prior art, various filter circuit configurations and surge suppression circuit configurations have been designed. A detailed description of various prior art inventions is disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,142,430, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
[0006]
The '430 patent itself is directed to a power line filter circuit element and a surge protection circuit element, and to a circuit that uses these elements to form a protection device for an electronic device. Is. These circuit elements are made of a wafer material or a disk material having necessary electrical characteristics such as varistor characteristics or capacitance characteristics. The disk has an electrode pattern and an insulation band on its surface, and cooperates with openings formed in the disk to simply and effectively electrically connect the electrical conductors of the element and the system. The electrode patterns cooperate with each other to form a common electrode with the material inserted between the electrode patterns. The '430 patent is primarily directed to paired line filtering. Over the past decade, the product life cycle of electrical systems has been short. Systems manufactured just two years ago can now be considered obsolete with respect to third or fourth generation changes in the same application. Therefore, the elements and circuits incorporated in these systems must be rapidly evolved.
[0007]
The performance of a computer or other electronic system has usually been limited by the speed of its slowest active element. Until recently, the slowest active elements were microprocessors and storage elements that controlled specific functions and computations throughout the system, but with the advent of a new generation of microprocessors, storage elements, and their data, There is a strong demand to provide users with powerful processing capability and faster processing speed at a lower unit cost. As a result, the technical challenge of adjusting the energy delivered to electrical devices has become financially and technically difficult. Since 1,980, by the end of 2000, the typical operating frequency of mainstream microprocessors has increased approximately 240 times, from 5 MHz (1 million cycles / second) to just over 1200 MHz. Currently, processing speed is consistent with the development and deployment of ultrafast RAM architectures. These breakthroughs have accelerated the overall system speed to over 1 GHz. During this same period, passive element technology has not been able to sustain development, with only minor changes in composition and performance. Advances due to passive element design changes have focused on element size reduction, slight modification of individual component electrode layer formation, discovery of new dielectrics, and modification of manufacturing techniques to reduce element production cycle time.
[0008]
In the past, passive element engineers have solved design problems by increasing the number of elements in an electrical circuit. These solutions generally required the addition of inductors and resistors for use with capacitors for filtering and decoupling.
[0009]
However, what should not be overlooked is that the line-adjustment capability of single passive elements and many passive element networks is very limited. This limitation has hindered the technological advancement and growth of the computer industry and remains one of the last challenges left for speed systems above GHz. This constraint on high-speed system performance is centered on the limits created by supporting passive elements that deliver and regulate energy and data signals to the processor, storage technology, and systems located outside of the particular electronic system.
[0010]
The increased speed of microprocessors and combination storage devices has created other problems, as evidenced by recent system failures that have occurred with new product deployments of high-speed processors and new combination storage devices by major OEMs. Yes. Current passive element technology is the root cause of many of these failures and delays. The reason is that the operating frequency of a single passive element generally has a physical line adjustment limit between 5 MHz and 250 MHz. In order to get most components to higher frequencies, passive elements such as individual LCR, LC and RC networks must be combined to shape or control the energy delivered to the system load. . At frequencies above 200 MhZ, individual L-C-R, L-C, and R-C networks according to the prior art do not provide the original design objective of concentrated capacitance, concentrated resistance or concentrated inductance, but rather of the transmission path. It begins to exhibit characteristics and even microwave-like features. This performance mismatch between the higher operating frequency of the microprocessor, clock, power delivery bus and storage system and the operating frequency supporting the passive elements is causing system failure.
[0011]
Also, at such higher frequencies, the energy paths are usually grouped or paired as electrically complementary elements, i.e. elements that work together in harmony and balance electrically and magnetically. An obstacle to this equilibrium is that the capacity of two individual capacitors manufactured in the same production lot can easily vary between 15% and 25%. While it is possible for individual capacity changes between individual units to be less than 10%, the cost for manual sorting of tested and manufactured lots, and the additional cost for highly specialized dielectrics, And to recover the additional costs for the manufacturing techniques required to produce these devices with the small individual variation required for differential signaling, a significant premium must be spent. Accordingly, Applicant's invention is presented herein in light of the aforementioned deficiencies in the prior art.
[0012]
(Summary of Invention)
From the foregoing, it has been found that there is a need to provide a multifunctional electronic element that operates over a wide frequency range compared to a single prior art element or multiple passive networks. This element ideally performs effectively above 1 GhZ, and at the same time provides energy decoupling to the active element and can keep the apparent potential of each part of the active circuit constant. The new element can also minimize or suppress unwanted electromagnetic emissions caused by differential and common mode currents flowing in the electronic circuit. Multi-layered embodiments and multifunctional electronic elements in a dielectric independent passive architecture are connected to a circuit and, when applied with voltage, are not limited to simultaneous line conditioning such as, but not limited to, the aforementioned needs Function can be provided. These needs include the use of differential and common mode filtering, parasitic containment, and external conductive regions or paths in addition to source-load decoupling and / or load-source decoupling. One integrated package surge protection is included. The present invention can be used to protect electronic circuits and active electronic elements from electromagnetic interference (EMI) and overvoltage, and to prevent destructive electromagnetic emissions resulting from the circuit or from the present invention itself. Furthermore, the present invention minimizes or prevents harmful parasitics due to recombination from the internal containment differential conductive element installed with the present invention to the host circuit when operating in a circuit to which voltage is applied. The More particularly, the present invention employs suitable placement techniques and connections to the circuit to provide differential mode currents that will contribute as electromagnetic emissions received from other sources and reparasitic into the host circuit. A physical architecture to which voltage is applied to suppress the two undesirable electromagnetic emissions of the present invention and the electromagnetic emissions created internally within the electronic circuit of the present invention that can be a potential source of common mode current Teaches that the system can be utilized.
[0013]
Also, the physical integrated, shielded containment conductive electrode architecture of the multifunction energy regulator allows the use of independent electrode material composition and / or independent dielectric material composition in manufacturing, creating the present invention. It is not intended to be limited to the particular mold shapes and sizes for the many possible embodiments of the present invention, some of which are described herein.
[0014]
Due to the highly competitive nature of today's electronics industry, such multi-function energy regulator / surge protectors are cheap, small and low cost, and highly integrated for incorporation into multiple electronic products Must have been. If it is possible to operate without adding any individual passive elements, it is desirable to achieve the desired filtering and / or line conditioning that cannot be provided by prior art elements.
[0015]
Accordingly, a main object of the present invention is to provide an easily manufactured and adaptable multifunctional electronic element that prevents or suppresses electromagnetic emission due to differential mode current and common mode current generated between energy paths. That is.
[0016]
Another object of the invention is to enable mass production to provide protection against transients, overvoltages, parasitics and parasitic and electromagnetic interference, and one or more protections in one element package It is to provide a protection circuit arrangement that can include a circuit.
[0017]
Another object of the present invention is to operate effectively over a wide frequency range when connected to an external conductive path or surface, while simultaneously providing energy decoupling to the active circuit element and circuit It is an object to provide an individual multifunctional electronic element capable of maintaining the apparent voltage of each part constant.
[0018]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a block circuit that provides an additional energy path from a paired differential conductor for attenuating EMI and overvoltage without coupling the hybrid electronic element to the final ground, i.e., inherently coupled to an external conductive surface. It is to provide a circuit using a ground or a ground area.
[0019]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a single device that eliminates the need to use special dielectrics commonly used to minimize the degree of capacitance change between internal capacitor plates. is there.
[0020]
These and other objects and advantages of the present invention are the corresponding differential conductive electrode plates that are combined and separated by a material that exhibits any one or combination of a number of predetermined electrical characteristics. Is achieved by using a plurality of common conductive plates partially covering the surface.
[0021]
Another object and advantage of the present invention is that a plurality of counter conductors are coupled to a region or space partially covered by a plurality of coupled common conductive plates, and the outer conductor or passage is a differential electrode plate. This is achieved by selectively combining.
[0022]
Another object of the present invention is to provide capacitive or inductive coupling between lines and between line-to-line and line-to-line between internal plates and / or conductive electrodes to create effective differential and common mode electromagnetic interference filtering and / or surge protection conditions. Is to provide. The circuit arrangement using the present invention comprises at least one line adjustment circuit element configured as a plate. The electrode pattern is provided on one surface of the plate, and the electrode surface is electrically coupled to the electrical conductor of the circuit. The electrode pattern, the dielectric material used, and the common conductive plate create a shared attribute for the electrical conductors between the electrodes and are coupled between the lines between the electrical conductors and the line ground from the individual electrical conductors. Creating a balanced (electrically equal and symmetric) circuit arrangement with electrical elements. By selecting the material between the electrode plates and using a ground shield that effectively houses the electrode plates within one or more generated similar Faraday shield cages, the specific electrical effects of the multifunction energy regulator are determined. The If a particular dielectric material is selected, the resulting multifunction energy regulator is primarily a capacitive array. The dielectric material is combined with the electrode plate and the common conductive plate to produce a line-to-line capacitor having a value of about 1/2 of the capacitance of the two line grounding capacitors, and the present invention in which a voltage is applied Is configured. When a metal oxide varistor (MOV) material is used, the multifunction energy regulator becomes a capacitive multifunction energy regulator having the overcurrent and surge protection properties provided by the MOV type material. Again, the common conductive plate and electrode plate form an interline capacitance plate and a line ground capacitance plate, providing differential mode filtering and common mode filtering, allowing high transient voltage conditions. During high transient voltage conditions, MOV varistor materials, which are essentially non-linear resistors used to suppress high transient voltages, have the effect of limiting the voltage appearing between electrical conductors.
[0023]
In other embodiments, ferrite material is used to add additional intrinsic inductance to the multifunction energy regulator array. Similar to the above, the common ground conductive plate and the electrode plate form an interline capacitance plate and a line ground capacitance plate with ferrite material and add inductance to the multi-function energy regulator array. Also, the use of ferrite material provides transient voltage protection, which makes the multifunction energy regulator array conductive at specific voltage thresholds, shunts excess transient voltage to a common conductive plate, It effectively limits the voltage across the electrical conductor.
[0024]
In order to demonstrate the versatility and widespread application of multifunction energy regulators within the scope of the present invention, numerous other arrangements and configurations implementing and building upon the above objects and advantages of the present invention are disclosed.
[0025]
Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments
New and consistent electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements have been created by the continued and increasing use of electronics in everyday life, and the amount of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radiation generated. These new specifications include, but are not limited to, IC (integrated circuit) packages, PCBs, DSPs, microcontrollers, switch mode power supplies, networks, connectors, avionics, radiotelephones, consumer electronics, tools, It is applied to various electronic devices such as weapon igniters and control devices. The present invention provides a physical architecture for an electronic element that simultaneously provides line conditioning, broadband I / O line filtering, EMI decoupling noise removal and surge protection in one integrated element or assembly, and effectively suppresses EMI. It is targeted.
[0026]
In order to propagate electromagnetic interference energy, two fields are required: an electric field and a magnetic field. The electric field couples energy into the circuit through a voltage difference between two or more points. When the electric field is changed in space, a magnetic field is generated. An electric field is generated by any temporal change of the magnetic flux. Accordingly, it is impossible that only the electric field or only the magnetic field changes with time regardless of each other. By building a passive element architecture such as the present invention, both the electric and magnetic field types of energy fields found in electrical systems can be adjusted or minimized. In order to adjust only one type of field, it is not necessary to build the present invention, but differential type materials can be added or used to make such a specific adjustment to each other's energy field. Embodiments that can be performed on can be constructed.
[0027]
As charge accumulates, an electrostatic field is generated, and this accumulation is best observed between two boundaries, one conductive and the other non-conductive. Due to the boundary condition behavior referred to by Gauss's law, a conductive enclosure, or a semi-enclosure called a Faraday cage, or a similar Faraday cage structure, is contained or partially placed inside a similar shielding structure It acts as an electrostatic shield in relation to the conductive element. Near the boundary of the shielding structure, most of the charge and parasitics are maintained inside the shielding boundary. On the other hand, the charges and parasitics that exist outside of the similar cage shielding boundary are excluded from the detrimentally affecting fields, most of which occur internally in connection with the conductors held inside. The combined electric and magnetic fields are transmitted along the conductive path for the propagating field energy unless the energy field propagating along the conductive path that impedes its propagation encounters impedance or resistance along the path. Have the ability to propagate at the speed of light. This impedance or resistance contributes to the concept of the “skin effect” that predicts the effectiveness of electromagnetic shielding in relation to the material making up the conductive path.
[0028]
As already pointed out, propagating electromagnetic interference is the product of both electric and magnetic fields. Until recently, the art has focused on filtering EMI from circuits or energy conductors that transmit high frequency noise with DC energy or DC current, but the present invention is found in electrical systems or test equipment. The energy can be adjusted using DC, AC and AC / DC hybrid energy propagation along the conductive path. This includes the use of the present invention to regulate the energy of a system that includes many different types of energy propagation formats found in systems that include many types of circuit propagation characteristics within the same electrical system platform. It is. The main cause of the radiation emission problem is due to two types of conduction currents: differential mode energy and common mode energy. The fields created by these currents are responsible for many types of EMI emissions. Differential mode (DM) current is current that flows through circular paths in wires, circuit board traces, and other conductors. The fields associated with these currents arise from the loop defined by the conductor.
[0029]
For circuits with higher operating frequencies, the user, for most of them, generates L-C-R, L-C and R-C individual element networks that are used to control the energy delivered to the system load. In addition, a combination of single or multiple passive elements such as inductors, capacitors or resistors must be deployed. However, individual L-C-R, L-C and R-C element networks according to the prior art begin to exhibit transmission line characteristics when the frequency exceeds 200 MhZ, or at higher frequencies, features similar to microwaves. May even show. Therefore, the parasitics are not suppressed or reduced, or the connection structure that externally couples all the individual elements to the element network is reduced, slowed down, or else the circuit over a wide range of operating frequencies. Energy propagation along the line will be significantly reduced. This is extremely detrimental for larger circuits to which the element network is connected. At higher frequencies, rather than providing the original design purpose of concentrated capacitance, concentrated resistance or concentrated inductance, capacitive parasitics due to internal electrodes placed inside the prior art element network can lead to energy reduction, weakening, or One of many reasons or sources for substandard circuit performance. The performance below the standard causes, but is not limited to, loss of data, loss of line delay, etc., and causes significant circuit ineffectiveness.
[0030]
Common mode energy and differential mode energy differ in that their energy propagates through different circuit paths. Common mode noise is due to electrostatic induction caused by equal capacitance between the conductive path and its surroundings, and the deployed noise voltage is the same on both wires and / or common mode The noise is due to electromagnetically induced magnetic fields from conductive paths linked to the paired conductive paths or multiple conductive paths and is substantially the same on both paired conductive paths as well as any noise voltage developed. The noise energy travels on the outer skin of the conductor. Differential noise is usually caused by voltage imbalance in circuit interference to which a voltage is applied, and causes the potential of one signal transmission path to change with respect to the potential of the other signal transmission path. ^* . In order to facilitate the reduction, minimization or suppression of unwanted noise, the present invention with voltage applied utilizes a low impedance path that develops within the present invention to conduct a portion of said unwanted energy to conductive ground and And / or leads to an external (inventive) conductive region or passage. This passage portion may be disposed within the present invention to include a common conductive plate or part of the structure that they constitute. Due to the extension of the common conductive plate or structure and the generated external conductive area, the energy propagating along these conductive shield path elements constitutes a larger conductive area, path, or part of the invention located outside. It is possible to move to the system ground which is located mainly outside of the common conductive plate area installed inside, i.e. a similar shielding structure. Possible external connections and / or the connection of multiple inventive common conductive paths to the external paths of the multi-layer embodiments of the present invention are implemented by a number of industry-recognized possible means known in the art. be able to. Conductive connections of such common conductive plates, or similar conductive shielding structures consisting of a combination of these combined common plate elements, and in most cases, separated into differential conductive paths and conductive to the multifunction energy regulator The connection to the connected external conductive path results in an overall area of the noise current loop area generated in the circuit to which the voltage is applied, which also comprises a source, a multifunction energy regulator, a conductive path and a load. Shortened. When the present invention is connected and a voltage is applied, at least two parallel energy loops propagating 180 degrees out of phase with each other on opposite sides of the central common conductive plate or path are parallel to the energy loop. Generated in the circuit, so the opposing energy is canceled and noise is minimized or suppressed. A multi-function energy regulator that also uses a multi-function energy regulator in a larger circuit to which a voltage is applied can also be used by a portion of the energy propagating from the energy source to the load. A plurality of potential conducting paths are provided in the interior of the. A part of a similar shielding structure consisting of a common shielding conductive plate and / or plate element, when used as a return path to an energy source by energy propagating from the source or load, is common conducting structure or common conducting When the plate is used by one part of the propagating energy as one or more energy return paths to its energy source, a short separation region or loop between the part of the paired differential conduction path and the return path Will have a region. When connected to each outer conductor or passage, a portion of the loop region is placed inside the multifunctional energy regulator with a dielectric material inserted therebetween, and a differential conductive plate or passage and a common conductive plate or passage. A gap between them. Some of the energy propagating through the circuit travels along the interior of the multifunction energy regulator, and some of the energy that travels from the source to the load travels within the circuit attached to the multifunction energy regulator. It will move in the opposite direction to some of the energy that travels back from the load to the source. This reverse propagating energy is all separated inside the multifunctional energy regulator by a central common conductive shielding path that is still contained in a similar Faraday cage shielding structure with a dielectric medium inserted therebetween. The energy is adjusted simultaneously with respect to the electrostatic properties of the similar Faraday cage structure, thereby canceling each other's magnetic field principles within short-range separation, as described above. A grouped common conductive electrode or path physically shields most areas of the counter-differential energy conductive plate or path from each other and functions reversely around the differential conductive path when a voltage is applied. And the neighborhoods that are always separated by a common shield path still interact in a complementary or harmonious manner, thereby providing effective energy regulation within the multifunction energy regulator. ing. The part of the circuit energy in the regulator according to the invention is at some point in time a differential conductor separated by a dielectric medium from a part of two separate common conductive plate regions from each of the common conductive plate regions. Or on the differential conductor as part of the energy propagating through the interior of the multifunction energy regulator in operation with the circuit to which the voltage is applied.
[0031]
Referring now to FIG. 1, an exploded perspective view of the physical architecture of the multifunction energy regulator 10 is shown. The multi-function energy regulator 10 includes a plurality of common conductive plates 14 and at least two electrode plates 16A and 16B. Each electrode plate 16 is sandwiched between the two common conductive plates 14. At least a pair of electrical conductors 12a and 12b are disposed through the insulating openings 18 or coupling openings 20 of the plurality of common conductive plates 14 and electrode plates 16A and 16B. The electrical conductors 12a and 12b are selectively connected to the coupling openings 20 of the electrode plates 16A and 16B. The common conductive plate 14 is all made of a conductive metal, such as the metal in the preferred embodiment, or in other embodiments on the dielectric laminate, as well as the processes used to manufacture chip capacitors and the like. It is also possible to have a conductive material (not shown) attached to the substrate. At least a pair of insulating openings 18 are disposed through each common ground conductive plate 14 and penetrate the electrical conductor 12 while maintaining electrical insulation between the common conductive plate 14 and the electrical conductor 12. The plurality of common conductive plates 14 optionally include clamping openings 22 arranged in predetermined alignment positions, and each of the plurality of common conductive plates 14 is connected to each other using standard clamping means such as screws and bolts. Can be securely bonded, or in an alternative embodiment (not shown), can be manufactured and bonded in a standard similar monolithic fashion, as well as the processes used to manufacture chip capacitors and similar . Also, the clamping opening 22 is used to secure the multifunction energy regulator 10 to other non-conductive or conductive surfaces such as an enclosure or chassis of the electronic device multifunction energy regulator 10 used together. Can do.
[0032]
The electrode plates 16A and 16B are similar to the common conductive plate 14 in that they are made of a conductive material, or in other embodiments, similar to the processes used to manufacture chip capacitors and the like. Conductive metals (not shown) deposited on the dielectric stack and electrical conductors 12a and 12b disposed through the openings can also be provided. Unlike the common conductive plate 14, the electrode plates 16 </ b> A and 16 </ b> B are selectively electrically connected to one of the two electrical conductors 12. As shown in FIG. 1, the electrode plate 16 is drawn smaller than the common conductive plate 14, but this is not necessary. In this configuration, the electrode plate 16 does not interfere with the physical coupling means of the fastening opening 22. This is done to avoid this and should ideally be inserted into the common conductive plate 14.
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 1, the electrical conductor 12 provides a current path that flows in the directions of the arrows shown at both ends of the electrical conductor 12. The electric conductor 12a represents an electric signal transmission path, and the electric conductor 12b represents a signal return path. Although only a pair of electrical conductors 12a and 12b are shown, Applicants' intent is to provide a multifunctional energy regulator 10 that provides filtering for multiple pairs of electrical conductors and creates a high density multiconductor multifunctional energy regulator. Is to configure.
[0034]
The last component making up the multifunction energy regulator 10 is a material 28 having one or more electrical properties. The material 28, except for the connections created by the conductors 12a, 12b and the coupling opening 20, in a manner that insulates the plates and conductors from each other in a central common ground conductive plate 14, both electrode plates 16A and 16B, and two external A portion of the electrical conductors 12a and 12b penetrating between the common conductive plates 14 is covered. The electrical properties of the multifunction energy regulator 10 are determined by selecting the material 28. When a dielectric material is selected, the multifunction energy regulator 10 will have primarily capacitive characteristics. The material 28 can also be a metal oxide varistor material that provides capacitive and surge protection characteristics. Other materials such as ferrite materials and sintered polycrystalline materials can also be used. The use of ferrite material not only improves common mode noise cancellation due to mutual coupling cancellation effects, but also provides inherent inductance along with surge protection characteristics. Also, the use of sintered polycrystalline material provides conductive, dielectric and magnetic properties. Sintered polycrystals are described in detail in US Pat. No. 5,500,629, which is hereby incorporated by reference. Additional materials that can be used are the synthesis of high-permittivity ferroelectrics and high-permeability ferromagnets disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,512,196, which is hereby incorporated by reference. It is a thing. Such a ferroelectric-ferromagnetic composite material exhibits both inductive and capacitive characteristics alone and can thus be formed as a compact single element that acts as an LC-type electrical filter. Such compactness, formability and filtering ability of the elements are effective for suppressing electromagnetic interference. In one embodiment, the ferroelectric is barium titanate and the ferromagnetic is a ferrite material, such as based on copper zinc ferrite. The capacitive and inductive properties of the ferroelectric-ferromagnetic composite show an attenuation capability that does not show any level-off indications at high frequencies of 1 GhZ. The geometry of ferroelectric-ferromagnetic composites has a significant impact on the final capacitive and inductive properties of electrical filters using such composites. Ferroelectric-ferromagnetic composites can be tuned during their manufacturing process and can tune the individual characteristics of the multifunction energy regulator to provide attenuation suitable for a particular application and environment. it can.
[0035]
Referring once again to FIG. 1, the physical relationship of the common conductive plate 14, electrode plates 16A and 16B, electrical conductors 12a and 12b, and material 28 will now be described in more detail. The description starts from the central common ground conductive plate 14. The central plate 14 has a pair of electrical conductors 12 disposed through respective insulating openings 18 that maintain electrical insulation between the common ground conductive plate 14 and both electrical conductors 12a and 12b. There are electrode plates 16A and 16B on either the upper or lower side of the central common ground conductive plate 14, and the electrode plates 16A and 16B each have a pair of electrical conductors 12a and 12b disposed through the electrode plate. Unlike the central common ground conductive plate 14, only one electrical conductor 12 a or 12 b is insulated from each electrode plate 16 A or 16 B by the insulating opening 18. One of the pair of electrical conductors, 12a or 12b, is electrically coupled to the associated electrode plate 16A or 16B through the coupling opening 20, respectively. The coupling opening 20 interfaces with one of the pair of electrical conductors 12 via a standard connection, such as solder welding, resistive fit or any other method that provides a robust and secure electrical connection. In the case of the multifunctional energy regulator 10, in order to function properly, the upper electrode plate 16A must be electrically coupled to the opposing electrical conductor 12a, not the electrical conductor 12b to which the lower electrode plate 16B is electrically coupled. . The multifunctional energy regulator 10 optionally includes a plurality of external common conductive plates 14. These external common conductive plates 14 are similar to those commonly used when a plurality of common conductive plates 14 are electrically connected to the outer edge conductive band or conductive termination, or to tension seating means. Solder material directly onto the differential conductive plates 16A and 16b and / or the wider external conductive surfaces 14a and 14b (not shown), which is the physical separation of any plurality of electrical conductors, such as 12a and 12b, for example. When connected, it provides a very wide conductive ground plane and / or image plane. Connecting to an external conductive region facilitates attenuation of radiated electromagnetic emissions, resulting in a larger surface area where overvoltage and surge are dissipated. By connecting to the external conductive region, any inductive or parasitic strays radiated or absorbed by the differential conductive plates 16A and 16b and / or any of the plurality of differential electrical conductors, for example 12a and 12b. Static suppression is promoted. Common plates are coupled together as described above to suppress radiated electromagnetic emissions, resulting in a wider conductive surface area that dissipates overvoltages and surges, while at the same time reducing similar Faraday cage static suppression of parasitics and other transients In order to activate, the principle of a similar Faraday cage structure is used when a group of common conductive plates both interact with a wider external conductive area or surface. This is especially true when a plurality of common conductive plates 14 are electrically connected to ground and the present invention is deployed and it is entrusted to provide a unique ground for the circuit to which the voltage is applied. As already described, it is the material 28 that is inserted and maintained between the common conductive plate 14 and both electrode plates 16A and 16B, which includes one or more plurality of materials having different electrical properties. Material can be used.
[0036]
FIG. 1A shows an alternative embodiment of a multifunction energy regulator 10 that includes additional means for coupling electrical conductors or circuit board connections to the multifunction energy regulator 10. In essence, the plurality of common conductive plates 14 are electrically connected together at the exit portion of each conductive electrode by sharing the separately disposed outer edge conductive bands 14a and / or 14b (not shown), and the outer edge conductive bands 14 14a and / or 14b are located in part of a larger circuit where the present invention is coupled and / or connected to the same external conductive surface (not shown) that can have a potential when a voltage is applied. Yes. This potential is applied to any electrically conductive element required to utilize the externally conductive surface region or region through zones 14a and / or 14b (not shown), the internal common conductive electrode 14 of the embodiment, and the energy propagation connection. Interact with. Further, each differential electrode plate 16A and 16B has its own outer edge conductive band or surface 40a and 40b, respectively. Each electrode plate is provided to provide electrical connection between the electrode plates 16A and 16B and each of their conductive zones 40a and 40b and at the same time maintain electrical insulation between the other parts of the multifunction energy regulator 10. 16 is extended and positioned so that the extended portion of the electrode plate 16A is guided in a direction opposite to the direction in which the electrode plate 16B is guided. In addition, the extended portion of the electrode plate 16 extends beyond a certain distance, and the plurality of common conductive plates 14 are extended by an additional distance to the extended portion, and are insulated from the outer peripheral conductive bands 40a and 40b by the additional material 28. Yes. The electrical connection between each of the zones and each of the plates associated with the zones is achieved through physical contact between each zone and a common conductive plate or conductive electrode plate associated with the zone, respectively. .
[0037]
FIG. 2 shows a semi-schematic circuit of the portion of the circuit where the voltage is applied when the physical embodiment of the multifunction energy regulator 10 is combined with a larger circuit and a voltage is applied. The inter-line capacitance 30 is composed of electrode plates 16A and 16B, and the electrode plate 16A is coupled to one of a pair of electrical conductors 12a, and the other electrode plate 16B is coupled to the other electrical conductor 12b, thereby The result is two parallel plates required for formation. The central common ground conductive plate 14 is an indispensable component in all embodiments or connotations of the present invention and is wider when combined with two external common conductive plates 14 sandwiching the central common ground conductive plate 14. Acts together as an inherent ground 34 and 34b representing bands 14 and 14B (not shown) connected to the external conductive region 34 (not shown) and the line-to-line capacitance 30, and two parallel plates for each line ground capacitance 32 Acting as one of the
[0038]
The second parallel plate necessary for each line grounding capacitor 32 is supplied by the corresponding electrode plate 16B. With careful reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the capacity plate relationship will become apparent. By insulating the central common ground conductive plate 14 from each electrode plate 16A or 16B using a material 28 having electrical properties, the electrical conductors 12a and 12b and the wider external conductive region 34 from each electrical conductor 12a and 12b. A capacitive network having a common mode bypass capacitor 30 extending between the line ground decoupling capacitor 32 coupled to the.
[0039]
Details of the wider external conductive region 34 will be described later, but for the time being it will be more intuitive to assume that the wider external conductive region 34 is equivalent to ground or circuit ground. Commonly known in the art, such as mounting screws coupled to an electrical device enclosure or ground chassis that are coupled to the central plate 14 and are conductively coupled and inserted through soldering or clamping openings 22. A wider outer conductive region 34 can be coupled to the central and additional common conductive plates 14 to form one or more common conductive plates 14 that can be coupled to a circuit or ground by means. The multi-function energy conditioner 10 functions equally well by using an inherent ground 34 coupled to ground or circuit ground, but one of the benefits of the physical architecture of the multi-function energy conditioner 10 is that it requires Depending on the energy regulation that is in place, there are certain applications that do not require a physical ground connection.
[0040]
Referring once again to FIG. 1, additional features of the multifunction energy regulator 10 are illustrated by a clockwise flux field 24 and a counterclockwise flux field 26. By applying Ampere's law and using the right-hand rule, the direction of individual magnetic field can be determined and mapped. By doing so, the thumbs are parallel at each location, indicating the direction of current flowing through the electrical conductors 12a and 12b, as indicated by the arrows at the ends of the conductor. When the thumb indicates the same direction as the current flows, the remaining fingers on the hand curve indicate the direction of rotation of the magnetic field. Since the electrical conductors 12a and 12b are positioned next to each other and can represent multiple current loops, as seen in many I / O and data line configurations, the multi-function energy regulator 10 Incoming and outgoing currents are in opposite directions, thus closely positioned reverse flux fields 18, 20, 24, and 26 are generated and cancel each other, minimizing inductance due to the device. Small inductance increases switching speed, and steep pulses at the rise of modern equipment generate unacceptable voltage spikes that can only be handled by low inductance surge devices and networks. Therefore, it is advantageous for modern I / O and high-speed data lines. It will also be apparent that the labor intensive aspect of using the multifunction energy regulator 10 compared to the combination of individual parts found in the prior art provides an easy and cost effective manufacturing method. Similarly, the connections required to provide the circuit with a line-to-line capacitance of approximately half the measured capacitance for each of the line ground capacitances deployed within the embodiment are connected to both ends of the electrical conductor 12. Being only a connection provides flexibility to the user and potentially saves time and space for manufacturing larger electrical systems utilizing the present invention.
[0041]
FIG. 3A shows a comparison of common mode insertion loss measurements for the multifunction energy regulator 10 shown in FIG. 1A, and shows a prior art through-hole capacitor 50 of approximately the same physical size diameter (FIG. 3A). The capacitance between lines is 0.20 uF with respect to the response (not shown). The graph shows that the capacitor 50 according to the prior art that constitutes a line capacitance value of 0.47 uF performs different performance compared to the performance of the multifunction energy regulator 10 having a line capacitance value of 0.20 uF. Is shown. When both multifunction energy regulators 10 and 50 are connected to the external conductive region, multifunction energy regulator 10 is shown at a frequency of up to 1,200 MHz (1,200 MHz was the limit of the test equipment). Compared with the capacitor 50, it shows significantly different insertion loss readings. 3B is the same as the differential mode side value of the same regulator 10 as the multifunction energy regulator 10 used in FIG. 3A and the prior art through-hole capacitor 50 (not shown) measured in FIG. 3A. The comparison with the differential mode side value regarding the response of the capacitor | condenser 50 is shown. When both the multifunction energy regulator 10 and the prior art capacitor 50 are connected to an external conductive region, the multifunction energy regulator 10 has a frequency of up to 1,200 MHz (1,200 MHz was the limit of the test equipment). Shows significantly different insertion loss readings.
[0042]
Graph 3B shows the multifunctional energy measured by the prior art capacitor 50 reading of 0.47 uF line ground capacitance value before performing the 3A test on one capacitor side of the regulator 10. This shows that the multi-function energy regulator 10 has a line ground capacitance value of 0.40 uF, which is about twice the value of the line-to-line capacitance value 0.20 uF of the regulator 10.
[0043]
An alternative embodiment of the present invention is the differential mode and common mode multiconductor filter 110 shown in FIG. Filter 110 is not shown in FIG. 4, but is similar to the electrical conductors 12a and 12b shown in FIGS. 1 and 1A, and includes a differential mode coupling capacitor array and a common mode decoupling capacitor acting on multiple pairs of electrical conductors. Similar to the multifunctional energy regulator 10 of FIGS. 1 and 1A in that it comprises a plurality of common conductive plates 112 and a plurality of conductive electrodes 118a-118h for forming an array. As already described with respect to the single pair conductor multifunction energy conditioner shown in FIG. 1, the common conductive plate 112, the conductive electrode 118, and the plurality of electrical conductors are made of dielectric material, ferrite material, MOV type material and sintered polycrystalline material. Are insulated from each other by a preselected material 122 having predetermined electrical characteristics such as Each of the plurality of common conductive plates 112 has a plurality of insulating openings 114, an electric conductor passes through the openings, and electrical insulation with respect to each common conductive plate 112 is maintained. To accommodate multiple electrical conductor pairs, the multifunction energy regulator 110 must use a revised version of the electrode plate described in FIGS. 1 and 1A.
[0044]
In order to provide multiple independent conductive electrodes for each pair of electrical conductors, a support 116 made of one of the materials 122 containing the necessary electrical properties is used. The support plate 116A comprises a plurality of conductive electrodes 118b, 118c, 118e and 118h printed on one side of the plate 116A having one coupling opening 120 for each electrode. The support plate 116B is also composed of a plurality of conductive electrodes 118a, 118d, 118f, and 118g printed on one side of the plate 116B. Support plates 116A and 116B are separated and surrounded by a plurality of common conductive plates 112. A plurality of common conductive plates 112 together lock out a conductive material, typically made of material 122, to allow the fusion or lamination of the respective plates during the manufacturing process by standard means known in the art, and It is possible to merge. Also, the conductive electrode materials and insulating structures described above are added or deposited by standard means known in the art as well during the manufacturing process. A conductive termination 112D is also added to each side of the plate 112 during manufacture, thereby placing it in the circuit and applying a voltage to the plurality of common conductive plate electrodes 112A, 112B of the present invention 110. And at least the peripheral conductive connections of 112C are conductively coupled together to form a single conductive structure that can share the same conductive path to an external conductive region or surface (not shown). Each of the input electrical conductor pairs has a corresponding electrode pair within the multifunction energy regulator 110. Although not shown in the figure, the electrical conductor passes through the common conductive plate 112 and the respective conductive electrodes. The connection is either performed by selecting the coupling opening 120 and the insulating opening 114 or not. The common conductive plate 112 cooperates with the conductive electrodes 118a-118h to perform substantially the same function as the electrode plates 16A and 16B of FIGS. 1 and 1A.
[0045]
FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a prior art multi-capacitor element and a differential and common mode multi-conductor multifunction energy regulator 110 according to the present invention. FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of a capacitor array 130 according to the prior art. In essence, the plurality of capacitors 132 are formed and coupled together to provide a common ground 136 for the array 130 having open terminals 134 provided to connect electrical conductors to each capacitor 132. These prior art capacitor arrays only allow common mode decoupling of the individual electrical conductors when the open terminal 134 of each capacitor 132 is electrically connected to the individual electrical conductors.
[0046]
FIG. 5B shows a schematic diagram of a differential and common mode multi-conductor multifunction energy regulator 110 having four pairs of differential mode and common mode filter pin arrangements. A horizontal line extending through each electrode pair represents common conductive plate electrodes 112A, 112B and 112C, and a line surrounding each pair is a conductive insulating material 112a. The conductive insulating material 112a is electrically coupled to the common conductive plate electrodes 112A, 112B, 112C and the side conductive termination material 112D to provide a conductive grid. The conductive grid is further separated from the electrode plates 118a-118h by regions left without conductive material. The conductive material separates each of the conductive electrode plates 118a to 118h from each other and from the conductive grid. Corresponding conductive electrodes 118a-118h are positioned on support plates 116A and 116B above and below the central common ground conductive plate 112, respectively, to form a line ground common mode decoupling capacitor. Each conductive plate electrode 118a-118h, common conductive plate electrodes 112A, 112B and 112C, and support material plates 116A and 116B are separated from each other by a dielectric material 122. When the multifunction energy regulator 110 is connected to the electrical conductor through a coupling opening 120 such as found in the electrode plates 118a and 118c, the multifunction energy regulator 110 is connected to the common mode filter and the difference. A dynamic mode filter is formed.
[0047]
Referring again to FIG. 4, the multi-conductor multifunctional energy conditioner 110 has not only a central common conductive plate electrode 112B but also external common conductive plates 112A and 112C. As described in connection with FIGS. 1 and 1A, these external common conductive plates and common conductive electrodes 112A and 112C are coupled together and are each central common conductive plate 14 or central common of the present invention. When coupled to each of the conductive electrodes 112B and an external conductive region (not shown), the multifunctional energy regulator 110 provides a very wide conductive path or region to simultaneously suppress and / or suppress conductive radiated electromagnetic emissions of the counter-conductor. Or minimize and / or attenuate to shield between the conductive plate and the electrodes of FIGS. 1 and 1A or other embodiments of the invention to dissipate and / or absorb overvoltage, surge and other transient noise. Provides a larger surface area to be used, and is effective as a similar Faraday cage shield when a voltage is applied To use. One trend found in all modern electronic devices is the continued miniaturization of equipment and the electronic elements that make up the equipment. Capacitors, which are key elements in multi-function energy regulator arrays, are no exception, their size is continually reduced, and now integrated circuits that are formed in silicon and can only be viewed using a microscope It has reached the point where it can be embedded in. One miniaturized capacitor that has become very widely used is a chip capacitor that is significantly smaller than a standard through-hole capacitor or a leaded capacitor. Chip capacitors use surface mount technology to physically and electrically connect to electrical conductors and traces found on circuit boards. The versatility of the multifunction energy regulator architecture according to the present invention extends to the surface mount technology shown in FIG. A surface mounted multifunction energy regulator 400 is shown in FIG. 6A and its internal structure is shown in FIG. 6B. Referring to FIG. 6B, a common conductive plate 412 is sandwiched between the first differential plate 410 and the second differential plate 414. Each of the common conductive plate 412, the first differential plate 410, and the second differential plate 414 is made of a material 430 having required electrical characteristics determined by the selected material. For all embodiments of the present invention, applicants include, but are not limited to, dielectric materials, MOV-type materials, ferrite materials, films such as Mylar, and newer types of materials such as sintered polycrystalline materials, etc. Intended for the use of various materials.
[0048]
The first differential plate 410 is coupled to the top surface of the material 430 leaving an isolation band 418 surrounding the outer periphery of the first differential plate 410 along three of its four sides. The conductive electrode 416 is included. Insulation zone 418 is only the portion along the edge of material 430 that is not covered by conductive electrode 416. The second differential plate 414 is essentially the same as the first differential plate 410 except for the physical direction of the second differential plate 414 relative to the physical direction of the first differential plate 410. The second differential plate 414 remains on the top surface of the material 430 such that an insulation band 428 remains surrounding the outer periphery of the second differential plate 414 along three of its four sides. It consists of a material 430 having a conductive electrode 426 coupled thereto. The important thing to note regarding the physical orientation of the first and second differential plates 410 and 414 is that the sides of each plate that are not surrounded by the isolation bands 418 and 428 are arranged 180 degrees apart from each other. It has been done. It is also important to note that the physical orientation of the first and second differential plates 410 and 414 relative to the common conductive plate 412 is not shown in the figure, but the conductivity of each differential electrode 412 and 410 is not shown. A central common conductive electrode 412 having a region between them sandwiches the common conductive plate 412 at the boundary or periphery of each of the differential electrodes 410 and 414 and the overlapping region of the common conductive plate, that is, the underlap region. In relation to the same size differential conductive plate, they are physically shielded from each other so as to be inserted into the boundary or periphery of the common conductive electrode 412 to the extent that the common conductive plate appears in an excessive size. is there. This will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. With respect to the range of overlap for the common conductive electrode 412 and the differential plate of the same size, when power is applied, a parasitic attempt to escape, i.e., a parasitic attempt to enter an area occupied by the differential electrode. Can be inserted essentially to a degree sufficient to prevent the occurrence of such degradation. The insertion of the differential conductive plates 410 and 414 to the point for the larger common plate set sandwiching the differential plate improves the effectiveness of electrostatic shielding during voltage application. This directivity causes the electrical conductor to be electrically coupled to either individual plate 410 or 414, but in order to adjust the differential phase complementary energy between oppositely positioned paired differential conductors, the individual plate 410 is not necessarily required. And 414 need not be coupled to both.
[0049]
The structure of the common plate 412 is similar to the structure of the first and second differential plates 410 and 414 in that the common plate 412 includes a material 430 having a common conductive electrode 424 coupled to the top surface. ing. As can be seen from FIG. 6B, the common plate 412 has two isolation zones 420 and 422 positioned at opposite ends. The common plate 412 includes first and second differential plates such that the isolation bands 420 and 422 are aligned with the ends of the first and second differential plates 410 and 414 that do not have an isolation band. Aligned between 410 and 414. The three plates, common plate 412, first differential plate 410, and second differential plate 414, all do not have any kind of conductive surface under the ground plate, so when the plates are stacked on top of each other The conductive electrode 426 is insulated from the common conductive electrode 424 by the back surface of the common plate 412. In a similar manner, the common conductive electrode 424 is insulated from the conductive electrode 416 by the back surface of the first differential plate 410 made of material 430.
[0050]
With reference now to FIG. 6A, the structure of the surface mount multifunction energy regulator 400 will be further described. When the common plate 412, the first differential plate 410 and the second differential plate 414 are sandwiched together according to the arrangement shown in FIGS. 6B and 19 as described, two additional common conductive plates are positioned. The differential plates 414 and 410 are sandwiched, and the differential plates 414 and 410 sandwich the common conductive plate 412. Plates 412B and 412A are essentially the same in construction material and size, and the direction of each zone and electrode edge is generally parallel to the direction of the central conductive plate 412 in the embodiment. Means must be included for coupling electrical conductors to differential electrodes 416 and 426. The electrical conductors pass through a first differential conduction band 404 and a second differential conduction band 406 that are isolated from the common conduction band 402 by an insulation band 408 positioned between the bands 402, 404 and 406. Coupled to the mounted multifunction energy regulator 400. The common conductive zone 402 and the insulating zone 408 can extend around 360 degrees around the body of the 400 multifunction energy regulator to insulate all four sides, but the common conductive plates 412, 412A and Due to the nearly complete similar shielding enclosure of the differential conductive electrodes 414 and 410 by 412B, the common conductive band 402 is reduced in size by replacing the band 402 with a conductive termination structure (not shown), Alternatively, it can be eliminated. The conductive termination structure is not shown, but its appearance and function is similar to the termination zone 84 seen in FIG. 14, or similar to the type of structure commonly used in the art. ing. The first and second differential conduction bands 404 and 406 not only extend around each part of the multifunction energy regulator 400 over 360 degrees, but also extend to the cover ends 432 and 434, respectively. Yes.
[0051]
Referring alternately to FIGS. 6A and 6B, the coupling between the zone and the plate can be seen. The first differential conduction band 404 including the end 434 maintains electrical coupling with a conductive electrode 416 that does not have an insulation band 418 extending to the end of the first differential plate 410. The second differential conduction band 406 is electrically isolated from the common plate 412 and the first differential plate 410 because of the isolation bands 422 and 428, respectively. In a manner similar to that just described, the second differential conduction band 406 including the end 432 is electrically coupled to the conductive electrode 426 of the second differential plate 414. Due to the isolation bands 420, 420A, 420B, 418, 418A and 418B of the common plates 412, 412A, 412B and the first differential plate 410, the second differential conduction band 406 is the first differential plate 410 and It is electrically insulated from the common plates 412, 412A and 412B.
[0052]
The electrical coupling of the common conductive band 402 to the common plate 412 can be accomplished by replacing the side 436 of the common conductive band 402 or a substitute for the common conductive electrodes 424, 424a and the insulating bands along the sides of the common plates 412, 412A and 412B and This is accomplished by physically coupling to 424b. In order to maintain electrical isolation of the common conductive electrodes 424, 424A and 424B from the first and second differential conductive bands 404 and 406, the insulating bands 420, 420A, 420B, 422 of the common plates 412, 412A and 412B, 422A and 422B prevent any physical coupling between the ends 432 and 434 of the first and second differential conductive bands 404 and 406 and the common conductive electrodes 424, 424A and 424B.
[0053]
As with other embodiments of the differential mode and common mode multifunction energy conditioner according to the present invention, the conductive electrodes 416 and 426 of the first and second differential plates 410 and 414 are electrically conductive first and first. When coupled to the two differential conduction bands 404 and 406, it acts as a line-to-line differential mode capacitor. Line ground decoupling capacitors are formed between each conductive electrode 416 and 426 and common conductive electrode 424, 424A and 424B, respectively, to form a similar Faraday cage shielding structure.
[0054]
FIG. 7 discloses another embodiment of a multi-function energy regulator formed on similar mylar or film media. This embodiment comprises a metallized film medium, or a film medium coated with a conductive material by means known in the art, and includes a common conductive plate 480, a first electrode following the common conductive plate 480. It consists of a differential plate 460, followed by another common conductive plate 480 and a second electrode differential plate 500, and finally another common conductive plate 480. Each plate consists essentially of a film 472, and the film 472 itself consists of a number of materials such as, but not limited to, mylar. Film 472 is either completely metallized or conductive on the other side using another electrophilic material to produce a metalized plate or conductive plate. A part of the metallized material or the material coated with the conductive material is removed (nonmetallized) in a predetermined pattern using a laser, and an insulating barrier is generated. The first differential plate 460 has two laser edge isolation barriers 462 and 466 that divide the first differential plate 460 into three conductive regions: an electrode 464, an insulating electrode 468, and a common electrode 470. is doing. The second differential plate 500 has two insulating barriers 506 and 504 that divide the second differential plate 500 into three conductive regions, an electrode 510, an insulating electrode 502, and a common electrode 508. Thus, it is the same as the first differential plate 460. In the case of both the first and second differential plates 460 and 500, the insulation barriers 462 and 506 are essentially U-shaped and the electrodes 464 and 510 covering a large area of the first and second plates 460 and 500. Is generated. U-shaped insulation barriers 462 and 506 allow full extension by electrodes 464 and 510 to ends 476 and 514, respectively. Members 474 and 512 extend from insulation barriers 462 and 506, and members 473 and 513 extend from insulation barriers 466 and 504. Members 474 and 512 extend outwardly at right angles from the ends of u-shaped insulation barriers 462 and 506 at points closest to ends 476 and 514, and members 473 and 513 are common electrode 470. And 508 extend outwardly at right angles from insulation barriers 466 and 504, respectively, to completely insulate ends 476 and 514 from each other. In addition, both first and second differential plates 460 and 480 have insulating electrodes 468 and 502 formed by insulating barriers 466 and 504 on opposite sides of ends 476 and 514.
[0055]
The common conductive plate 480 includes insulating barriers 482 and 492 that divide the common conductive plate 480 into three conductive regions, a common electrode 488, an insulating electrode 484, and an insulating electrode 494. As shown, the insulation barriers 482 and 492 are vertically adjacent and run parallel to the left and right edges of the common conductive plate 480. Also, both insulation barriers 482 and 492 extend perpendicularly outward from the vertical portions of the insulation barriers 482 and 492, and the first and second differentials when the plates 460, 480 and 500 are stacked. It includes a member 496 positioned so that the horizontal portions of U-shaped insulation barriers 462 and 506 of plates 460 and 500 are aligned.
[0056]
An additional feature is that the common conductive plate 480 can be optimized for use in filtering AC and DC signals. Insulation barriers 492 and 482 are optimized for use in DC signal filtering, as described above. In the case of DC operation, the insulated electrodes 484 and 494 require little area within the common conductive plate 480. If the filter consists of film media and is used to filter alternating signals, the insulated electrodes 484 and 494 require a larger area, which is realized by etching the modified insulating barriers 486 and 490. The Insulating barriers 484 and 494 running vertically are etched close to each other and near the center of the common conductive plate 480. To accommodate this modification, the member 496 extending perpendicularly outward from the vertical portion is longer than in the direct current version. Either configuration provides both types of current filtering, but a wider area of the insulated electrodes 484 and 494 provides better AC filtering characteristics.
[0057]
8 and 9 are directed to an embodiment of a multi-function energy regulator configured for use with an electric motor, but the implementation of energy regulation in other electronics applications is limited by this embodiment. There is nothing to be done. Electric motors are a crucial source of electromagnetic emissions and imbalances. This is even apparent to the layman, as most people who have operated the vacuum cleaner in front of a working television receiver are aware of the “snow” that fills the screen. This disturbance to the television is due to electromagnetic emissions from the motor. Electric motors are widely used in many household appliances such as washing machines, dryers, automatic dishwashers, mixers and hair dryers. Most automobiles also have a number of electric motors to control the overall host of windshield wipers, motorized windows, motorized mirrors, retractable antennas, and other functions, the number being 25 per car. From 150 to 150 cars per luxury car. Due to the widespread use of motors and increased levels of electromagnetic emissions, one passive to provide the necessary filtering and noise suppression without the use of inductors or ferrite elements used in addition to embodiments of the present invention. Differential mode and common mode filtering capabilities that can reduce electromagnetic emissions with elements alone and often eliminate all electromagnetic emissions are required in one integrated package. Although the motor filter 180 can be made in a variety of shapes, in the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 8, it is shown as a rectangular block of material 182 having one of a number of predetermined electrical characteristics. FIG. 8 a shows the external structure of the filter 180, which consists of a rectangular block of material 182 having an insulating opening 188 disposed through the center of the filter 180. The 188 opening need not be common for this particular usage, but is considered more convenient for the user than any electrical adjustment enhancement attributed to any of the 188 openings, Thus, an optimal placement space for use can be designed that can be eliminated. Conductive bands 184 and 194, and common conductive band 186. FIG. 8b shows a side view of a filter 180 having an arrangement of conductive bands 184, 194 and a common conductive band 186 that are electrically and physically isolated from each other by portions of material 182 positioned between the various bands. It is. FIG. 8c shows a cross section along the virtual center line of FIG. 8a. As with all previous embodiments, the physical architecture of the present invention consists of conductive electrodes 181 and 185 and a common conductive electrode 183 sandwiched therebetween. A material 182 having predetermined electrical properties is interspersed between all electrodes to prevent electrical connection between the various conductive electrodes 181 and 185 and the common conductive electrode 183. As with the surface mount embodiment of the present invention, filter 180 uses conductive bands 184 and 194 to electrically connect the internal electrode of filter 180 to an electrical conductor. Conductive electrode 181 extends completely into contact with conductive zone 184 to provide the necessary electrical interface. As shown in FIG. 8 c, the conductive electrode 181 does not extend completely into contact with the conductive zone 194 that is coupled to the conductive electrode 185. Although not shown in the figure, the common conductive electrode 183 extends completely between the common conductive zones 186 without contacting the conductive zones 184 and 194. Again, the inherent ground provided by the common conductive electrode 183 is enhanced by coupling the common conductive band 186 inside a motor case (not shown) used as a floating ground.
[0058]
FIG. 8d is a schematic diagram of the differential mode and common mode motor multifunction filter 180, providing the two parallel plates required for the line-to-line differential mode coupling capacitor, and simultaneously cooperating with the common conductive electrode 183. Conductive electrodes 181 and 185 are shown providing a line ground common mode decoupling capacitor having a common conductive electrode 183 that interacts with a natural ground (not shown). Also shown are conductive bands 184, 194 and a common conductive band 186 that couple the motor filter 180 to an external differential electrical conductor and individual conductive regions (not shown), respectively. Although the preferred embodiment of FIG. 8 shows three common conductive electrodes 183 and two conductive electrodes 181 and 185, Applicant uses a plurality of common electrodes and differential electrodes for the above embodiment. Similar to the description, it is intended to obtain a variable capacitance value by the additional effect of the parallel capacitance.
[0059]
FIG. 9 illustrates a differential mode and common mode motor filter 180 that is electrically and physically coupled to the motor 200. As shown in FIG. 9a, the motor filter 180 is placed on top of an electric motor 200 having an electric motor shaft 202 extending outward. The motor shaft 202 is electrically coupled to the connection terminal 196 and is disposed through the shaft opening 188 of the filter 180 having conductive bands 184 and 194 that are insulated from each other and the rotor of the motor 200. Although not shown in the drawing, the individual connection terminals 196 are electrically connected to power supply lines that supply power to the electric motor 200. When the motor filter 180 is connected / coupled to the motor 200, the motor face plate 208 is on top of the filter 180 with the motor shaft 202 disposed in the center of the motor face plate 208 through the motor 200 and similar openings. Placed. Face plate 208 is physically coupled to the body of motor 200 using clamp 206. Although not shown in the figure, the filter 180 can be used with its own ground by coupling the common conduction band 186 to the motor enclosure. Alternatively, the common conductive zone 186 can be directly connected to the interior of the motor shell casing.
[0060]
FIG. 9c is a logarithmic graph showing a comparison of the electromagnetic emission level of the motor 200 as a function of frequency, with the result for the motor with the standard filter shown at 220 and the result for the differential mode and common mode motor filter 180. This is indicated at 222. The graph shows that, between 0.01 MHz and about 10 MHz, throughout its entire range, electromagnetic emissions when using the filter 180 are additionally suppressed by a minimum of 20 dB compared to prior art filters, from 0.1 MHz to 1 MHz. This shows that the magnitude of additional suppression is even more conspicuous. It can be seen that at higher frequency ranges from 10 MHz to 20 MHz and above 20 MHz, the reduction in electromagnetic emissions is not as great as at lower frequencies, but most motors operate in a much lower range than this frequency range. This is not a particularly important issue, and therefore the motor filter 180 provides enhanced performance with reduced electromagnetic emissions for most applications.
[0061]
Differential mode and common mode filters are presented in many variations of the above-mentioned and co-owned patents and patent applications already incorporated herein by reference. Other embodiments of the invention make use of the filter variants already discussed. A shielded twisted pair through-through differential mode and common mode filter 300 is shown in FIG. 10A. The difference between the filter 300 and the filter shown above is the positions of the first differential electrode bands 302A and 302B and the second differential electrode bands 306A and 306B, which are arranged diagonally to each other. The common ground conduction band 304 is separated from the first and second differential electrode bands 302 and 306 by an insulating material 308, as in the filter embodiment shown above. Shielded twisted pair through differential mode and common mode filter 300 includes at least first and second differential electrode plates 312 and 316 and at least three common ground conductive plates 314, respectively, as shown in FIG. 10B. I have. As with the filter embodiment shown above, plates 312, 314 and 316 are stacked and insulated from each other by material 308.
[0062]
Referring now to FIGS. 10C and 10D, there is shown a schematic diagram of a shielded twisted pair feedthrough differential mode and common mode filter 300 and method of use for removing differential noise. The current I passes through the first and second differential electrode bands 302A and 306B, flows in opposite directions across each other, and flows out through the first and second differential electrode bands 302B and 306A. The intersection point of the current I acts as a line-to-line capacitor, and the common conductive ground plate 314 provides a line ground capacitor on both sides of the intersection point.
[0063]
In FIG. 10D, filter 300 is depicted as generally parallel plates 312, 314, and 316, with electrode plates 312 and 316 sandwiched between common ground conductive plates 314, respectively, in a Faraday cage configuration. The current I flows in the reverse direction through the differential electrode plate. Note that the common ground conductive plate 314 is electrically interconnected and insulated from the differential electrodes, as disclosed in the filter embodiments already incorporated herein by reference. .
[0064]
Referring now to FIGS. 10E and 10F, a schematic diagram of a shielded twisted pair through differential mode and common mode filter 300 and method of use for removing common mode noise is shown. The current I passes through the first and second differential electrode bands 302A and 306A, flows in the same direction across each other, and flows out through the first and second differential electrode bands 302B and 306B. The intersection point of the current I acts as a line-to-line capacitor, and the common conductive ground plate 314 provides a line ground capacitor on both sides of the intersection point.
[0065]
In FIG. 10F, the filter 300 is again depicted as generally parallel plates 312, 314, and 316, with the electrode plates 312 and 316 being sandwiched by a common ground conductive plate 314, respectively, in a Faraday cage configuration. The current I flows in the same direction through the differential electrode plate. Note that the common ground conductive plate 314 is electrically interconnected and insulated from the differential electrodes, as disclosed in the filter embodiments already incorporated herein by reference. .
[0066]
Filters according to the present invention are used in many embodiments. Various additional embodiments of multi-element filters are described as intended examples of various types of layer configurations that are not intended to limit the present invention. In each figure, five plates are shown individually, followed by a plan view and finally a side view. Referring to FIGS. 11 and 12, two different embodiments 70 and 70 ′ of the present invention are shown. FIG. 11 shows a bypass configuration, and FIG. 12 shows a through configuration. As in the embodiment shown above, to complete the circuit of FIG. 12, current must flow through the electrodes. Each of the embodiments includes a first differential electrode plate 72 and a second differential electrode plate 76 sandwiched between three common conductive plates 74. Typically, the plate is surrounded by material 75 around each plate 72, 74 and 76, but the terminal portions of the plate, 72a, 74a and 76A, respectively, extend through the material. These terminal portions 72a, 74a, and 76A are coupled to a first differential conduction band 82, a common conduction band 84, and a second differential conduction band 86, respectively, and a circuit to which a voltage is applied (not shown). Provide external connection to. Conductive zones 82, 84 and 86 are insulated from each other by an insulated outer casing 88. The common conductive plate 74 has four common conductive bands 84 that provide four connections to the ground area of the external electrical circuit system, each of which is adjacent to the adjacent common conductive band 84. The angle with 84 is about 90 degrees. This feature provides additional insulation, centralizes the line conditioning capability of the structure, and improves charge concentration.
[0067]
The main difference between the filters 70 and 70 'is that in the filter 70, the electrode terminal portions 72a and 76A are on the same side in the longitudinal direction, and in the filter 70', the electrode terminal portions are on the opposite side in the longitudinal direction. Further, current flows through the filter 70 ′, whereas current does not flow through the filter 70. Due to the different terminal positions, the applicability of the filter to various electric circuit system configurations is diversified.
[0068]
Referring now to FIG. 13, there is shown a filter 80 identical to the filter 70 ′ shown in FIG. 12 except that the shape is rectangular and there are only two common conduction bands 84.
[0069]
Referring now to FIG. 14, there is shown a filter 80 ′ that is identical to the filter 80 shown in FIG. 13 except that the electrode terminal portions 72a and 76A are diagonal to each other in the twisted pair penetration design.
[0070]
Referring now to FIGS. 15-18, an alternative filter embodiment has multiple filters integrated in one package. It will be appreciated that any number of individual filters can be integrated in a single electronic element and the invention is not limited to two individual filters. Each of FIGS. 15 to 18 includes a first double electrode plate 90 having a first electrode 91 and a second electrode 92, and a first electrode 97 and a second electrode sandwiched between a common conductive plate 94. A second double electrode plate 96 with a plurality of electrodes 98 is shown. Each of the electrodes 90 and 94 of FIGS. 15 and 16 has two electrode terminal portions 93 and 99 and extends through the material 101 that substantially surrounds the isolation zone. Each of the electrodes 90 and 94 of FIGS. 17 and 18 has one electrode terminal portion 93 and 99 and extends through the material 101 that substantially surrounds the isolation zone. Referring now to FIGS. 15 and 17, the common conductive plate 94, when connected to the common conductive band 102, has four common conductive terminals 95 that provide four connection locations to the external ground region of the electrical circuit system. Each of the common conductive zones 102 has an angle of about 90 degrees with the adjacent adjacent common conductive zone 102.
[0071]
Further, the first and second double electrode plates 90 and 96 have the same common conductive plate 104 between the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 and 97 and 98 of each plate 90 and 96, respectively. Have. This feature provides additional insulation of the double electrode.
[0072]
In a system to which voltage is applied, the present invention includes a single shielded similar cage structure or grouped common conductive element that forms an expanded and / or deformed melt in its connected external conductive region. Emissions, RF loop radiation, stray capacitance, stray inductance, and capacitive parasitics are significantly removed, reduced and / or suppressed, while reverse charging or reverse phase and adjacent electric fields cancel each other. The process of regulating electrical energy transmission is always regarded as a dynamic process. This process can be measured in part by equipment such as dual port time domain reflectometry test equipment and / or other industry standard test equipment and fixtures. The present invention also makes minor modifications to adapt to external input and output energy transfer conductors or paths for applications such as signal transmission, energy transfer, and / or power line decoupling, bypassing and filtering operations. Can be connected to a single conductor, dual conductor or multi-conductor electrical system. The circuitry and description of some embodiments presented herein are representative of some of the arrangements contemplated by the applicant and should not be construed as the only possible configuration of elements according to the present invention.
[0073]
Other aspects of the invention include “decoupling loops” or “RF loops”. A decoupling loop is a current due to the physical placement of a passive unit, such as a decoupling capacitor, in relation to the distance and position between the active element receiving the regulated energy from the passive element. It relates to the surrounding part and the physical area included in the route loop. That is, the current loop is the distance and area (usually on a PCB-type substrate or IC package) that is surrounded by the current path from the power plane to the passive element and the return path to its source.
[0074]
The power and ground return current paths that make up the loop area to which power is applied are energy transmission lines that act as antennas that radiate unwanted energy from the system at a specific frequency determined by the physical size of the loop area of the current path. is there. The RF loop region to which this voltage is applied allows harmful common mode energy as an unbalanced by-product that can lead to significant destruction, and to the active element between the energy source and the subsequent return. A voltage imbalance condition is created in the electrical system to allow for strain effective energy to deliver. The physical size of the RF loop region is directly related to the amount of RF energy radiating from the electrical circuit system.
[0075]
The small distance between the conductive termination paths to the termination path of each differential conductive energy transfer path negates the RF loop problem and detrimental to the voltage balance of the circuit, as is the case with prior art elements or systems. It will not be affected.
[0076]
Referring now to FIG. 19, the similar Faraday cage structure, i.e., the inventive concept, is shown in detail. From the basic five-layer embodiment described above, some of the multifunction line conditioning devices are considered in more detail. In accordance with the present invention, FIG. 19 shows a similar Faraday comprising two spatial regions sandwiching one of two differential electrodes as described in more detail in general with respect to FIGS. 6A and 6B herein. Includes part of the cage structure 800. The conductive electrode plate 809 is sandwiched between a central common conductive plate 804 and a common conductive plate 808 (shown offset). Common conductive plates 804, 808 and 810 (not shown) are all associated with each outer plate 810 and 808 for each plate related position relative to the central common conductive plate 804, differential conductive electrode passages 809 and 809A (not shown). Are separated from each other by a substantially parallel predetermined dielectric material interposed between them, and this feature allows differential conductive electrodes such as the conductive plate 809 to sandwich the upper and lower sides of the plate 809 respectively in the present invention. The plates 808 and 804 are almost completely covered or shielded. Plates 804, 808 and 810 are also surrounded by a dielectric material 801 that supports the element and provides an outer casing. Means for individually connecting the two common shield termination structures 802 to the same common conductive plates 808, 804 and 810 (not shown) are essential and desirable for this embodiment. When the entire invention is installed in a circuit, the termination structure 802 can be made identical by standard means known in the art without interruption between termination structures, i.e., without the presence of conductive gaps. It must be connected to an external conductive area, i.e. the same external conductive path (not shown). Standard means known in the art facilitate connection of common shield terminations 802 connected to all three plates 804, 808 and 810, respectively, together forming a single structure 800, It can act as a common conductive analog cage structure 800 ". Although not shown in the figure, 800 'has a differential electrode 809A (in the translator note: see comment) with an access section 812A (not shown). Except for a single similar Faraday cage structure 800. The entry / exit section 812A is not completely shielded, but for coupling to a conductive termination structure 807A (not shown). Facing approximately 180 degrees relative to the direction of the conductive termination structure 807 and the differential electrode 809. These two similar Faraday cages Structures 800 and 800 ′ are positioned in parallel, but most importantly, the structures 800 and 800 ′, when taken individually, constitute each similar Faraday cage structure 800 and 800 ′. Common central conductive plate 804, layers or passages, both 800 and 800 'are single and larger conductive analog Faraday cage shielding structures 800 "(not shown) acting as dual containers. A). Each container 800 and 800 ′ can hold the same number and size of differential electrodes in a substantially parallel manner in the larger structure 800 ″ in opposite directions. A larger conductive analog Faraday cage shield structure 800 "having an individual similar shield structure is electrically integrated when a voltage is applied and connected to the same external common conductive path. The predetermined arrangement of common conductive electrodes in a differential conductive sandwich with a centralized common shield upon application of a voltage is the element that constitutes one common conductive similar cage structure 800 "that is the basic element of the present invention, ie similar Faraday cage structure 800 ". The structure essentially forms at least two Faraday cage structures 800 and 800 ′ necessary for the construction of the multifunction line conditioning device in all of the layered embodiments according to the present invention. With respect to the inclusion between the differential electrodes, the central common conductive plate 804 should consider the two external additional common electrode plates 808 and 810 sandwiching the central common conductive plate 804 as a non-voltage applied similar Faraday cage structure 800 ". In addition, the central common plate 804 is used simultaneously for both differential electrodes 809 and 809A, but with the opposite result with respect to charge switching. Embodiments propagate along a conductor sandwich in the similar structure 800 "in antiphase or charge mode when sandwiched between three common conductive electrodes and connected to a wider external conductive region Assists the simultaneous execution of voltage-adjusted line conditioning and filtering functions for energy Note that it can have at least two electrodes connected together to form a single and larger similar Faraday cage structure 800 "and connected to an external termination structure that is conductive. For locations located within a given layered PCB or similar electronic circuit by connecting internal common conductive electrode plates and subsequent voltage application to form a similar Faraday cage structure, the external conductive region That is, the passage is essentially an expanded, closely positioned, essentially parallel array of conductive elements connected to the combined common conductive shield plate and the surrounding multiple shield plate and to the external extension element. The connection with the common conductive plate 804 disposed in the center is sandwiched between them, and the expansion is performed by other functions. For a complementary phase differential electrode that is separated from the extension by a distance that includes a dielectric medium so that it becomes an enclosing-like shielding element that performs an electrostatic shielding function with the element, the element has a small distance separation or “loop region”. It is possible to intervene in such a multiple parallel system. That is, the combination to which the voltage is applied enhances and enables simultaneous adjustments to the energy propagating on or along the portion of the differential conductor assembly. Also, a combination of common conductive planes, i.e., internal and external parallel array groupings of regions, that portion of the differential conductor used by the portion of energy as it propagates along the conductive path to the active assembly load. Undesirable parasitics that escape or enter, electromagnetic emissions are offset and / or suppressed.
[0077]
In the following section, reference is made to the common conductive plate 804 and applies to the common conductive plates 808 and 810. The common conductive plate 804 is offset by a distance 814 from the edge of the present invention. One or more portions 811 of the common ground common conductive plate 804 extend through the material 801 and are connected to a common ground termination zone or structure 802. Although not shown in the figure, a common ground termination band 802 electrically connects the common conductive plates 804, 808 and 810 to each other and to all other common conductive plates where the filter is used. is doing.
[0078]
The conductive electrode plate 809 is not the same size as the common conductive plate 804 such that an offset distance and region 806 exists between the edge 803 of the electrode plate 809 and the edge of the central common conductive plate 804. The offset distance and region 806 provides a shield against any field lines where the common conductive plate 804 extends beyond the electrode plate 809 and extends beyond the edge 803 of the electrode plate 809, thereby allowing other electrode plates or Near field coupling to elements outside the filter is reduced or suppressed. The horizontal offset is about 0-20 times the vertical distance between the electrode plate 809 and the common conductive plate 804, and the offset distance 806 can be optimized for individual applications, but between each plate Ideally, all distances of overlap 806 are approximately the same as manufacturing tolerances. As long as there is no problem with the electrostatic shielding function of the structure 800 ″, the slight size difference between the distances / areas 806 between the plates is not important. To connect the electrode 809 to the energy path (not shown), a common conductive One or two portions 812 extending beyond the edges 805 of the plates 804 and 808 can be provided on the electrode 809. These portions 812 can be energized by soldering or similar, as previously discussed (see FIG. (Not shown) is connected to an electrode termination zone 807 that allows electrical connection of electrode 809 to element 809. Element 813 is a dynamic representation of the central axis point of the three-dimensional energy regulation function that occurs within the present invention. Note that the final size, shape and position of the embodiments in the circuit to which the voltage is applied are relative.
[0079]
As can be seen, many different applications of the multifunction energy regulator architecture are possible, and some of the features common to all embodiments will be reviewed and described. First, materials having predetermined electrical properties are not limited to them in all embodiments, but include dielectric materials, metal oxide varistor materials, ferrite materials, and other materials such as mylar films or sintered polycrystals. It is one of many materials, including newer substances. In any case, a plurality of members for forming one line differential coupling capacitor and two line ground decoupling capacitors from a pair of electric conductors by combining the common conductive plate and the electrode conductive plate. Capacitor is generated. Materials with electrical properties can vary capacitance values and / or add additional features such as overvoltage and surge protection, or increased inductance, increased resistance, or combinations thereof.
[0080]
Second, in all of the embodiments shown above or not shown, a number of common conductive plates are used to generate and add a number of capacitive elements in parallel to create a larger value of capacitance. And both plates of the electrode plate can be superposed.
[0081]
Third, all embodiments have an additional common conductive plate surrounding a combination of one central conductive plate and multiple conductive electrodes to provide increased inherent ground, optimized similar Faraday cage function, and surge dissipation area. Is being used.
[0082]
Fourth, at least one central common conductive shield paired with two additional common conductive plates or shields is generally desirable, but must be placed on the opposite side of the central common conductive shield. There are (as described above other elements such as dielectric material and differential conducting elements can be provided between these shields). Additional common conductive plates can be used with any of the embodiments shown above, which is fully intended by the applicant.
[0083]
Indeed, although not shown in the figure, the multifunction energy regulator can be easily fabricated in silicon and directly integrated into an integrated circuit for applications such as a communications microprocessor integrated circuit or chip. Already integrated circuits have been manufactured by etching capacitors in silicon substrates that can easily incorporate the architecture of the present invention using currently available technologies.
[0084]
Also, it can embed multifunction energy regulators and filter communication or data lines directly from their circuit board terminal connections, thereby having circuit board area requirements while having simpler manufacturing requirements And the overall size of the circuit is further reduced. Finally, from reviewing a number of embodiments, depending on the required electrical properties, or common conductive electrode plate arrays and their connection structures that form at least one single conductive homogeneous Faraday cage structure, and It will be apparent that the physical architecture derived from other conductive electrode plates can vary in shape, thickness or size depending on the application in which the filter must be used.
[0085]
Although the preferred, preferred embodiments and preferred operations of the present invention have been described in detail herein, they should not be construed as limited to the particular forms disclosed. Accordingly, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to the preferred embodiments herein without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined by the claims. Will become clear.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a multifunction energy regulator according to the present invention.
FIG. 1A is an exploded perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the multifunction energy regulator shown in FIG.
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating a physical architecture placed in a larger electrical system and energized.
FIG. 3A is a common mode noise insertion loss comparison graph showing insertion loss as a function of signal frequency, comparing the multifunction energy regulator of FIG. 1 with a filter comprising a capacitor according to the prior art.
FIG. 3B is a differential mode noise insertion loss comparison graph showing insertion loss as a function of signal frequency, comparing the multifunction energy regulator of FIG. 1 with a prior art capacitor filter;
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a multi-conductor multifunction energy regulator for use in connector applications.
FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of a multiple capacitor element found in the prior art.
5B is a schematic diagram of a physical embodiment of the multifunction energy regulator of FIG.
6A is a perspective view of a surface mount chip embodiment of a multifunction energy regulator. FIG.
6B is an exploded perspective view of the surface mount chip embodiment of the multifunction energy regulator of FIG. 6A.
FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of an individual thin film plate including another embodiment of a multifunction energy regulator.
FIG. 8A is a plan view of a motor multifunction energy regulator embodiment that is another alternative embodiment of a multifunction energy regulator configured for use with an electric motor.
8B is a side elevation view of the embodiment of FIG. 8A.
FIG. 8C is a side elevation view of the cross section of the embodiment of FIG. 8A.
8D is a schematic diagram illustrating a physical embodiment of the multifunction energy regulator shown in FIG. 8A.
9A is a plan view of a multi-function energy regulator that is coupled to the motor, using one of the connection embodiments electrically and physically coupled to the motor. FIG.
9B is a side elevation view of the multifunction energy regulator of FIG. 9A.
9C is a logarithm of the emission level as a function of frequency compared to a motor with a standard filter and a motor with a differential mode filter and a common mode filter of FIG. 8 in dBuV / m. It is a graph.
FIG. 10A is a plan view of a shielded twisted pair through-through multifunction energy regulator.
10B is a plan view of a generally parallel element with the shielded twisted pair penetrating multifunctional energy conditioner of FIG. 10A.
FIG. 10C is a schematic illustration of a shielded twisted pair feedthrough multifunction energy regulator showing differential noise cancellation.
FIG. 10D is another schematic diagram of a shielded twisted pair feedthrough multifunction energy conditioner showing differential noise cancellation.
FIG. 10E is a schematic diagram of a shielded twisted pair multi-function energy regulator showing common mode noise cancellation.
FIG. 10F is another schematic diagram of a shielded twisted pair through multifunction energy conditioner showing common mode noise cancellation.
FIG. 11A is a plan view of a common conductive electrode shielding plate and a differential electrode plate that constitute an alternative embodiment of a multifunction energy regulator disposed in a bypass configuration according to the present invention.
FIG. 11B is a composite plan view of a multifunction energy regulator.
FIG. 11C is a composite side elevation view of a multifunction energy regulator.
12A is a plan view of a common conductive electrode shielding plate and a differential electrode plate that constitutes an alternative embodiment of a multifunction energy regulator disposed in a through configuration according to the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 12B is a composite plan view of a multifunction energy regulator.
12C is a composite side elevation view of a multifunction energy regulator. FIG.
13A is a plan view of a common conductive electrode shielding plate and a differential electrode plate that constitute an alternative embodiment of a multifunctional energy regulator disposed in a through configuration according to the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 13B is a composite plan view of a multifunction energy regulator.
FIG. 13C is a composite side elevation view of a multifunction energy regulator.
FIG. 14A is a plan view of a common conductive electrode shielding plate and a differential electrode plate that constitute an alternative embodiment of a multifunction energy regulator disposed in a crossover penetration configuration according to the present invention.
FIG. 14B is a composite plan view of a multifunction energy regulator.
FIG. 14C is a composite side elevation view of a multifunction energy regulator.
FIG. 15A is a plan view of a common conductive electrode shielding plate and a differential electrode plate constituting an alternative embodiment of a multi-function energy regulator disposed in a crossover penetration configuration with an additional common shielding insulator according to the present invention. It is.
FIG. 15B is a composite plan view of a multifunction energy regulator.
FIG. 15C is a composite side elevation view of a multifunction energy regulator.
FIG. 16A is a plan view of a common conductive electrode shielding plate and a differential electrode plate that constitute an alternative embodiment of a multi-function energy conditioner placed in a crossover penetration configuration according to the present invention.
FIG. 16B is a composite plan view of a multifunction energy regulator.
FIG. 16C is a composite side elevation view of a multifunction energy regulator.
FIG. 17A is a plan view of a common conductive electrode shielding plate and a differential electrode plate constituting an alternative embodiment of a multifunction energy regulator disposed in a bypass configuration having an additional common shielding insulator according to the present invention. .
FIG. 17B is a composite plan view of a multifunction energy regulator.
FIG. 17C is a composite side elevation view of a multifunction energy regulator.
FIG. 18A is a plan view of a common conductive electrode shielding plate and a differential electrode plate that constitute an alternative embodiment of a multifunction energy regulator disposed in a bypass configuration having an additional common shielding insulator according to the present invention. .
FIG. 18B is a composite plan view of a multifunction energy regulator.
18C is a composite side elevation view of a multifunction energy regulator. FIG.
FIG. 19 is a plan view of a portion of a similar Faraday shield cage according to the present invention having a common conductive plate, showing an offset to indicate the portion of the Faraday cage architecture that includes a differential electrode plate.

Claims (8)

An energy regulator with a surface:
A first differential electrode conductive structure (809, 812);
A second differential electrode conductive structure (809A, 812A);
Common conductive structures (804, 808, 810);
A first differential electrode termination structure (807) forming part of the surface;
A second differential electrode termination structure (807A) forming part of the surface;
Having at least one common conductive termination structure (802) forming part of the surface;
The first differential electrode conductive structure, the second differential electrode conductive structure and the common conductive structure are electrically isolated from each other by at least one dielectric material in the energy regulator;
The first differential electrode conductive structure has first and second differential electrodes extending in the first and second directions in the first plane and continuous in the first plane. ;
The first differential electrode has a first differential electrode body (809) and a first differential electrode extension (812);
The second differential electrode conductive structure has a second differential electrode extending in the first and second directions in a second plane and continuous in the second plane;
The second differential electrode has a second differential electrode body (809A) and a second differential electrode extension (812A);
The common conductive structure includes a first common conductive electrode, a second common conductive electrode, and a third common conductive electrode;
The first common conductive electrode extends in a third plane, the second common conductive electrode extends in a fourth plane, and the third common conductive electrode extends in a fifth plane. Extended;
The first surface, the second surface, the third surface, the fourth surface and the fifth surface are all parallel to each other;
The first common conductive electrode has a first common conductive electrode main body, a first common conductive electrode first extension, and a first common conductive electrode second extension, and the first common conductive electrode The electrode is continuous in said third plane;
The second common conductive electrode has a second common conductive electrode body, a second common conductive electrode first extension, and a second common conductive electrode second extension, and the second common conductive electrode The electrode is continuous in the fourth plane;
The third common conductive electrode has a third common conductive electrode main body portion, a third common conductive electrode first extension portion, and a third common conductive electrode second extension portion. The electrode is continuous in said fifth plane;
The stack of conductive layers in the energy regulator includes the third common conductive electrode, the second differential electrode, the second common conductive electrode, the first differential electrode, and the first common electrode. Having conductive electrodes in this order,
The first common conductive electrode body is below and opposite the first differential electrode body;
The second common conductive electrode body is on and opposite the first differential electrode body;
The second common conductive electrode body is under and opposite the second differential electrode body;
The third common conductive electrode body is on and opposite the second differential electrode body;
The first differential electrode body extends in the first plane to the periphery of the first differential electrode body;
The first common conductive electrode body extends within the third plane to the periphery of the first common conductive body;
The second common conductive electrode body extends in the fourth plane to the periphery of the second common conductive body;
The first differential electrode main body is formed in a space between the first common conductive electrode main body and the second common conductive electrode main body.
When viewed from a direction perpendicular to the first surface , the circumference of the first differential electrode main body is the inner side of the circumference of the first common conductive electrode main body and the second common conductive Arranged to be placed inside the circumference of the electrode body,
The second differential electrode body extends in the second plane to the periphery of the second differential electrode body;
The third common conductive electrode body extends in the fifth plane to the periphery of the third common conductive body;
The second differential electrode main body is formed in a space between the second common conductive electrode main body and the third common conductive electrode main body.
When viewed from a direction perpendicular to the second surface , the circumference of the second differential electrode main body is the inner side of the circumference of the second common conductive electrode main body, and the third common conductive Arranged to be placed inside the circumference of the electrode body,
The first differential electrode extension extends from the first differential electrode body to the first differential electrode termination structure;
The second differential electrode extension extends from the second differential electrode body to the second differential electrode termination structure;
The first differential electrode termination structure and the second differential electrode termination structure are on opposite sides of the energy regulator;
The first common conductive electrode first extension extends from the first common conductive electrode body to a first region of the at least one common conductive termination structure;
The second common conductive electrode first extension extends from the second common conductive electrode body to the first region of the at least one common conductive termination structure;
The third common conductive electrode first extension extends from the third common conductive electrode body to the first region of the at least one common conductive termination structure;
The first common conductive electrode second extension extends from the first common conductive electrode body to a second region of the at least one common conductive termination structure;
The second common conductive electrode second extension extends from the second common conductive electrode body to the second region of the at least one common conductive termination structure;
The third common conductive electrode second extension extends from the third common conductive electrode body to the second region of the at least one common conductive termination structure;
The circumference of the first differential electrode body is generally rectangular, the first side of the circumference of the first differential electrode body, the second side of the circumference of the first differential electrode body, the first Defining a third side of the circumference of the differential electrode body and a fourth side of the circumference of the first differential electrode body;
The first differential electrode extension extends from only a portion of the first side of the circumference of the first differential electrode body;
The circumference of the second differential electrode body is generally rectangular, the first side of the circumference of the second differential electrode body, the second side of the circumference of the second differential electrode body, and the second Defining a third side of the circumference of the differential electrode body and a fourth side of the circumference of the second differential electrode body;
The second differential electrode extension extends from only a part of the third side of the circumference of the second differential electrode main body,
Energy regulator.   The regulator of claim 1, wherein one side of the surface is generally rectangular.   (1) a minimum distance in the first plane between the circumference of the first differential electrode main body and the circumference of the second common conductive main body; and (2) the first difference. The regulator according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of a vertical distance between the moving electrode main body and the second common conductive main body is 20 or less.   (1) The first region of the at least one common conductive termination structure and (2) the second region of the at least one common conductive termination structure are on opposite sides of the energy regulator. The regulator according to claim 1.   The at least one common conductive termination structure extends along the surface from the first region of the at least one common conductive termination structure to the second region of the at least one common conductive termination structure. The regulator according to claim 4, comprising a single conductive structure.   The at least one common conductive termination structure extends along the surface from the first region of the at least one common conductive termination structure to the second region of the at least one common conductive termination structure. 6. The regulator of claim 5, wherein said regulator forms a single conductive loop around said surface. The first side of the circumference of the first differential electrode body is on the opposite side of the surface from the third side of the circumference of the second differential electrode body.
The regulator according to claim 1. The regulator according to claim 7, wherein
The first common conductive electrode first extension extends from the first common conductive electrode main body to the first region of the at least one common conductive termination structure, and the first differential electrode extension and the first common conductive electrode first extension Extending along a direction perpendicular to a line passing through the second differential electrode extension,
The second common conductive electrode first extension extends from the second common conductive electrode main body to the first region of the at least one common conductive termination structure, and the first differential electrode extension and the Extending along a direction perpendicular to a line passing through the second differential electrode extension,
The third common conductive electrode first extension extends from the third common conductive electrode main body portion to the first region of the at least one common conductive termination structure, and the first differential electrode extension and the first common electrode extension Extending along a direction perpendicular to the line through the second differential electrode extension,
Regulator.

Images