JP4412648B2 - 土壌侵食防止工法 - Google Patents
土壌侵食防止工法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4412648B2 JP4412648B2 JP2004102147A JP2004102147A JP4412648B2 JP 4412648 B2 JP4412648 B2 JP 4412648B2 JP 2004102147 A JP2004102147 A JP 2004102147A JP 2004102147 A JP2004102147 A JP 2004102147A JP 4412648 B2 JP4412648 B2 JP 4412648B2
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Description
(1)土壌に糖質を含有する廃棄物である有機質基材を添加し、前記土壌中に生存する菌糸を形成することのできる微生物の菌糸形成を促進させて土壌表面及び/又は土壌表層に前記菌糸を繁殖させ、土壌粒子をネット状に絡み合う菌糸に緊縛させることにより土壌流出を防止することを特徴とする地肌が露出した、法面、圃場、山地斜面、若しくは休耕地または、工事により露出した土壌における土壌侵食防止工法、
(2)上記有機質基材に含有される有機物の添加量が、土壌の単位表面積当り200g/m2以上1000g/m2以下になるように前記有機質基材を土壌に添加することを特徴とする上記(1)に記載の土壌侵食防止工法、
(3)土壌を構成する土砂を採取し、前記土砂に上記有機質基材を混合して有機質基材含有土砂を生成し、前記有機質基材含有土砂を前記土壌に客土する工程を含むことを特徴とする上記(1)又は(2)に記載の土壌侵食防止工法、
(4)土壌表面に上記有機質基材を散布し、次いで前記土壌表面を鋤き込むことによって前記有機質基材と土壌表面の土砂とを混合させる工程を含むことを特徴とする上記(1)又は(2)に記載の土壌侵食防止工法、
(5)上記有機質基材に含有される有機物又は上記有機質基材である有機物がバガス、パインアップルの果実部分の残渣、または廃糖蜜のいずれか1種あるいは2種以上の組合せであることを特徴とする上記(1)から(4)のいずれか1つに記載の土壌侵食防止工法、
を要旨とするものである。
土壌侵食防止効果を観察するために、赤土砂が広く分布する休耕地において、図1(a)及び(b)に示す観察用枠1を設置した。観察用枠1は、縦1m、横1m、地表からの高さ約30cm、地表からの深さ約40cmの木枠2と、木枠2内から流出する土砂を導くための排水路4と、上記木枠2内から流出した土砂を収集するための収集用バケツ3とを設けて形成した。次いで木枠2内に、観察用枠1外の土壌を採集して木枠2内にGLから高さ約20cmまで客土して試験土壌を形成した。尚、本明細書においてGLは、グランドレベルを示す。
有機質基材としてバガス285g及び肥料140gを散布したこと以外は、実施例1と同様に有機質基材添加層5及び赤土層6を形成した。尚、上記肥料には、「くみあい配合肥料パイン2号」(保証成分含量としてアンモニア性窒素:12.0%、く溶解性りん酸:6.0%、内水溶性りん酸:2.0%、水溶性加里:12.0%含有)を用い、該肥料の重量は圃場において使用される通常の状態で測定した。
有機質基材としてバガス475gを散布したこと以外は、実施例1と同様に有機質基材添加層5及び赤土層6を形成した。
実施例1と同様に、観察用枠1外の土壌を採集して木枠2内にGLから高さ約20cmまで客土して試験土壌を形成した。比較例1では、上記試験土壌に何ら有機質基材を添加することなく赤土層からなる裸地の状態で、実施例1と同様に踏圧し該裸地を締め固めて比較例とした。
実施例1〜3及び比較例1を同日に形成して観察を開始し、150日間にわたり土砂流出量の観測を行った。期間中、計7回、収集用バケツ3に溜まった流出土砂の回収を行った。回収後、その都度、回収された土砂を100℃、24時間乾燥し、乾燥重量を計測した。また最終的に上記流出した土砂の各計測量を加算することによって土砂流出総量の計測を行った。加えて比較例1における裸地の土壌流出量を100%として、実施例1〜3の比較例1に対する土砂流出量比(%)を算出した。土砂流出総量及び土砂流出総量比の結果を表1に示した。また各回収における上記土砂流出量比を対数表にプロットしたグラフを図2として示した。
上記観測期間中、観測開始から7日目、14日目、28日目において、実施例1〜3の有機質基材添加層5の表面及び比較例1の裸地表面における任意の3箇所において、土壌サンプルの採取を行った。採集されたサンプルを直接、実体顕微鏡にて200倍の倍率で観察し、菌糸の繁殖状況を評価した。菌糸繁殖観察の評価は、菌糸がネット状に形成されていたサンプルを○、菌糸がわずかに形成されていたサンプルを△、菌糸が確認されなかったサンプルを×として表1に示した。
4 有機質基材添加層
5 赤土層
Claims (5)
- 土壌に糖質を含有する廃棄物である有機質基材を添加し、前記土壌中に生存する菌糸を形成することのできる微生物の菌糸形成を促進させて土壌表面及び/又は土壌表層に前記菌糸を繁殖させ、土壌粒子をネット状に絡み合う菌糸に緊縛させることにより土壌流出を防止することを特徴とする地肌が露出した、法面、圃場、山地斜面、若しくは休耕地または、工事により露出した土壌における土壌侵食防止工法。
- 前記有機質基材に含有される有機物の添加量が、土壌の単位表面積当り200g/m2以上1000g/m2以下になるように前記有機質基材を土壌に添加することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の土壌侵食防止工法。
- 土壌を構成する土砂を採取し、前記土砂に前記有機質基材を混合して有機質基材含有土砂を生成し、前記有機質基材含有土砂を前記土壌に客土する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の土壌侵食防止工法。
- 土壌表面に前記有機質基材を散布し、次いで前記土壌表面を鋤き込むことによって前記有機質基材と土壌表面の土砂とを混合させる工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の土壌侵食防止工法。
- 前記有機質基材に含有される有機物又は前記有機質基材である有機物がバガス、パインアップルの果実部分の残渣、または廃糖蜜のいずれか1種あるいは2種以上の組合せであることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の土壌侵食防止工法。
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