JP4411286B2 - Tomb substructure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tomb lower structure in which a tombstone is placed on an upper portion, an ossuary is provided therein, and the inside of the ossuary can be ventilated.

Japanese general tombs have a substructure with a tombstone on top and an ossuary inside the tombstone.
The substructure is set up with stones on a foundation surface such as horizontal concrete placed on the ground.
For this reason, the water inside the ossuary enters the ossuary through the foundation such as concrete, the humidity inside the ossuary increases, mold grows on the inside of the ossuary and the urn, and insects spring There was a problem.
In view of this, a structure has been proposed in which the humidity is lowered by opening a ventilation window on the side wall surface of the ossuary and venting outside air into the ossuary (see Patent Document 1).
Further, a structure has also been proposed in which the space inside the ossuary and the space under the tread board (covering plate) around the ossuary can be ventilated at the same time (see Patent Document 2).
Registered Utility Model No. 3042950 JP 2005-139864 A

Even if the structure of the above-mentioned patent document 1 can reduce the humidity only by ventilation inside the ossuary, ventilation in the space formed under the cover plate around the tombstone adjacent to the ossuary is not performed, and the space part The moisture in this space becomes high, and the moisture in this space penetrates into the ossuary via the side wall surface of the ossuary, so that the moisture in the ossuary cannot be lowered sufficiently.
In addition, in the structure of Patent Document 2, ventilation in the space under the tread can reduce the humidity in the ossuary, but the front side wall (opening / closing door) has a ventilation hole, so the ossuary is in front. It was difficult to see the ventilating holes connected to it, and it was difficult to see it. There was a problem that the psychology of looking at the urns in the ossuary occurred. Furthermore, since the space under the tread is open in the structure, there is a possibility that the tread will break when a person gets on the tread.
Therefore, the present invention has an object to provide a lower structure of a grave that can effectively dehumidify the entire inside of the outer fence and the side wall by outside air and that does not break even if a person gets on the step board around the tombstone. And

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a left and right outer fence provided in parallel with the outer fence, spaced from the left and right outer fences in a front and rear left and right outer fence that is erected on four sides on a horizontal foundation. And a tombstone placed on top of the left and right side walls to form an ossuary, and a tread that covers the upper part of both spaces formed between the left and right side walls and the left and right outer fences. In the tomb
The abutment plate is applied to the entire circumference of the outer fence facing the space under both treads and the inner surface of the side wall to form a ventilation path around the whole circumference, and at least each of the left and right outer fences and side walls forming the ventilation path A vent hole opened in one ventilation passage is provided so that outside air outside the outer fence can pass through the inside of the ossuary through the ventilation passage.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the above structure, a vent hole is provided in an outer fence after facing the ossuary.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in each of the above structures, the air holes are provided with a large interval so that outside air flows substantially uniformly from one to the other in the space in the ossuary and each ventilation path. The vent holes are arranged at positions where the lengths of the portions between the vent holes of the air passage are substantially equal.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in each of the above structures, the diameter of the portion between the air holes of each ventilation path is shortened so that the outside air flows substantially uniformly from one to the other in the space in the ossuary and each ventilation path. The section is small and the long section is large.

  The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in each of the above structures, a support wall for supporting the tread is provided in a space excluding the ventilation path under each tread.

  The invention described in claim 6 is characterized in that, in each of the above structures, gravel is filled in a space excluding the ventilation path under each of the treads.

The lower structure of the tomb of the present invention is provided on the outer fence because a ventilation path is formed by the abutment plate on the entire circumference of the left and right side walls facing the space below the left and right tread boards and the wall surfaces of the front and rear left and right outer fences. It becomes possible for the outside air outside the outer fence to pass through the inside of the ossuary through the air passages evenly through the vent holes. For this reason, the entire left and right side walls and the outer fence are ventilated and dehumidified by the outside air, and it is possible to keep the humidity inside the ossuary low, and as a result, mold and insects inside the ossuary that arise from the high humidity Occurrence increases and it becomes possible to prevent dirt in the ossuary and the urn.
At that time, if a vent hole is provided in the rear outer fence, air can be directly ventilated from the vent hole into the ossuary and more effective dehumidification can be achieved.
Furthermore, by separating the position of each ventilation hole or by forming the diameter of the ventilation path in a short section and a long section large, outside air can flow from one side to the other in each ventilation path substantially evenly. The moisture of the entire outer fence and side walls is reduced evenly, and the occurrence of mold and insects in the ossuary can be more effectively prevented.
In addition, by filling gravel in the space under each of the left and right treads, or by providing support walls, the treads placed on it are supported from below, so that even if a person gets on the treads, the treads will not crack and repair Is also safe because it is no longer necessary.

The best mode of the substructure of the tomb of the present invention will be described in detail below.
In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a horizontal foundation K is made of concrete or the like in a cemetery, and the front, rear, left and right outer fences 6, 7, 4, 5 are surrounded by a square on the foundation K. Stand up.
The left and right side walls 2, 3 made of stone are erected in parallel to the left and right outer fences 4, 5 at intervals inside the outer fences 6, 7, 4, 5.
A tombstone 19 is placed on the left and right side walls 2 and 3, and the ossuary 1 is formed under the tombstone 19.
The tombstones 19 are usually stacked in the order of the top 19a, the upper base 19b, the middle base 19c, and the lawn base 19c.
The upper portions of the left and right spaces formed between the left and right side walls 2 and 3 and the left and right outer fences 4 and 5 are, as shown in FIGS. 18 is placed and a closed space is formed under each tread.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, the entire circumference along the side walls facing the left and right closed spaces formed between the left and right side walls 2, 3 and the left and right outer fences 4, 5 The top end of the abutting plate 15 protruding in an L-shaped cross section is horizontally applied to the side wall surface to form upright air passages 8 and 9 therebetween.
And as shown in FIG. 4, the outer fences 4 and 5 of each ventilation path 8 and 9 are each provided with one ventilation hole 10, 11, 12, and 13 also in each side wall, respectively.
As shown in FIG. 3, the vent holes 10, 11, 12, and 13 are arranged at intervals so that outside air flows substantially evenly from one to the other in the space in the ossuary and each ventilation path, The outside air from outside the outer fence is formed so as to pass through the ossuary 1 through the air passages 8 and 9 without any problem.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, when no other cemetery is in contact with the back of the outer fence 7, a vent hole 14 may be provided in the outer fence 7 facing the ossuary 1. If it carries out like this, the inside of the ossuary 1 will pass directly from the vent hole 14, and more effective ventilation | gas_flowing of the ossuary 1 will be attained.
Each figure shows the case where each vent hole is provided with one vent hole 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 on the outer fences 4 and 5, respectively. Also good.

The air passages 8 and 9 can be formed by the abutment plate 15, but in addition, for example, the left and right side walls 2 and 3 and the left and right outer fences 4 and 5 are inverted U-shaped. It is also possible to use a grooved stone of a mold, combine two plates, or be made of metal or plastic.
And as shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, the gravel 16 is filled in the space except the ventilation path 8 and 9 under each said tread, and the said left and right side walls 2 and 3 and the said right and left outer fences 4 and 5 As shown in FIG. 2, the upper portions of the left and right spaces formed between are mounted with treads 18 and 18 covering the spaces to cover the spaces under each tread.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the space excluding the ventilation paths 8 and 9 below the treads, a plurality of support walls 17 for supporting the treads are formed in the middle so that the treads 18 and 18 placed on the treads are supported from below. It can also be. In that case, as shown in FIG. 3, a cavity may be left, and the entire space may be filled with gravel (not shown). In this way, since the loaded tread is supported from below, the tread does not break even if a person gets on the tread.

As described above, in the present invention, the outside air outside the outer fence passes through the inside of the ossuary 1 through the ventilation paths 8 and 9 from the air holes 10 and 13 provided in the outer fences 4 and 5, so The entire left and right side walls 2 and 3 and the outer fences 4, 5, 6 and 7 are dehumidified by the outside air, so that the humidity inside the ossuary 1 can be kept low, and the generation of mold and insects inside the ossuary 1 is prevented. It is possible to maintain the ossuary 1 and prevent the antique T from being soiled.

Moreover, in this invention, even if there is no vent hole from the front of the front outer fence 6, ie, the ossuary 1, sufficient ventilation can be obtained.
Then, in order to allow the outside air to flow from one side to the other substantially evenly, as shown in FIG. 4, when the diameters of the air passages 8 and 9 are uniform, as shown in FIG. And each ventilation hole 10 at a position where the lengths of the branched ventilation paths of the respective parts between the ventilation holes 10, 11, 12, 13 that are also opened in the ventilation paths 8, 9 are the same. 11, 12, and 13 are preferably arranged.
As the position where the length of the branched ventilation path becomes the same, as shown in FIG. 5, the positions of the vent holes 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 are the faces of the osteoid 1 shown in (a). A form in which a vent hole is provided in the outer fence 14 after the operation, a form in which the vent hole shown in (b) is brought closer to the outer fence 7 side, and a form in which the vent hole shown in (d) is brought closer to the center side are possible. It is.

As another method, in the case where the positions of the vent holes 10, 11, 12, 13 are arranged so that the portions between the vent holes of the ventilation paths 8, 9 are different, as shown in FIG. In the sections 8a and 9a, the diameter of the ventilation paths 8 and 9 is large, and in the short sections 8b and 9b, the diameter is small.
This eliminates the bias of the outside air flow to the short section 8b, 9b side ventilation path, and the outside air flows from one side to the other substantially evenly.

Actually, there are cases where the positions of the vent holes 10 and 13 on the outer fence 7 side are not freely provided due to the topography of the cemetery and the adjacent cemetery, but in the present invention, the positions of the vent holes 10 and 13 are Adopting the above-mentioned various variations makes it possible to deal with a wide range.
The vent holes 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 are preferably covered with an insect net to prevent dust and insects from entering the ossuary 1.
Further, in the present invention, it is a great feature that the outer fence 6 before the front of the ossuary 1 is not provided with a vent hole at all, but this is because the outer fence 6 is provided with a vent hole in front of the grave. If you see a vent hole in the front of the grave that leads to the ossuary, it will not only look bad, but it will also cause psychological resistance as if you are looking at the antique T in the ossuary. This is to eliminate the problem.
However, in the traditional ossuary-ventilated tomb, considering only the ventilation effect, there was no psychological consideration for religious institutions, and it was rarely adopted.
In the present invention, since the front outer fence 6 is not provided with a ventilation hole, the installation position of the ventilation hole is minus so that the ventilation hole cannot be vented to the outer fence before the passage. Although there is a surface, the arrangement of the air vents according to various conditions as described above allows the outside air to flow from one side to the other on the entire inner surfaces of the left and right side walls 2 and 3 and the left and right outer fences 4 and 5. Since it can be made to flow efficiently, the entire structure of the lower part of the grave can be ventilated and dried.
As a result, the humidity inside the ossuary 1 can be kept much lower than before, and mold and insects inside the ossuary 1 can be prevented.

  The present invention is used for a general grave structure in Japan, but any other grave with an ossuary having a similar spatial structure can be used.

It is a vertical side view of the lower structure of the grave of this invention. It is a vertical perspective view of the form which packed the gravel under the tread board space of the present invention. It is a vertical perspective view of the form which provided the support plate in the tread board lower space. It is a top view which shows the flow of the wind of each ventilation path. (B) Form in which vent holes are provided in the outer fence after facing the ossuary, (b) Form in which the vent holes are moved to the outer fence side, (d) Form in which the vent holes are moved to the center side FIG. It is a horizontal sectional view which shows the form of the ventilation path of a different diameter.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ossuary 2 Left side wall 3 Right side wall 4 Left outer fence 5 Right outer fence 6 Front outer fence 7 Rear outer fence 8 Ventilation path 8a Long section ventilation path 8b Short section ventilation path 9 Ventilation path 9a Long section ventilation path 9b Short section ventilation path 10 Vent hole 10 Vent hole 11 Vent hole 12 Vent hole 13 Vent hole 14 Rear fence vent hole 15 Abutment plate 16 Gravel 17 Support wall 18 Step plate 19 Tombstone 19a Sao 19b Udaidai 19c Nakadai 19c Shibadai K Foundation

Claims (6)

Left and right side walls provided in parallel with the outer fence, spaced from the left and right outer fences, in the front and rear left and right outer fences that are erected on four sides on a horizontal foundation, and on the upper sides of the left and right side walls In the tomb comprising an ossuary with the placed tombstone and a tread covering the upper part of both spaces formed between the left and right side walls and the left and right outer fences,
The abutment plate is applied to the entire circumference of the outer fence facing the space under both treads and the inner surface of the side wall to form a ventilation path around the whole circumference, and at least each of the left and right outer fences and side walls forming the ventilation path A lower structure of a tomb comprising a vent hole opened in one ventilation passage, and allows outside air outside the outer fence to pass through the inside of the ossuary through the two ventilation passages. The lower structure of the tomb according to claim 1, wherein a vent hole is provided in the outer fence facing the ossuary. A large space is provided between the air holes so that the outside air flows substantially evenly from one side to the other in the space in the ossuary and the air passages, and the length of the portion between the air holes of the air passages is determined by the length of the air holes. The substructure of the tomb according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the substructure is arranged at substantially equal positions. The diameter of the portion between each vent hole of each ventilation path is made small in the short section and large in the long section so that the outside air flows almost uniformly from one to the other in the space in the ossuary and each ventilation path The substructure of the tomb according to claim 1 or 2. The tomb lower structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a support wall for supporting the tread is provided in a space excluding the ventilation path under each tread. The grave substructure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein gravel is filled in a space excluding the ventilation path under each tread.

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