JP4408196B2 - Method for producing amide paste thixotropic agent and amide paste thixotropic agent produced by this method - Google Patents
Method for producing amide paste thixotropic agent and amide paste thixotropic agent produced by this method Download PDFInfo
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、粗粒状生成物を含まないアミド系ペースト状揺変性付与剤の製造方法およびこの方法により製造されたアミド系ペースト状揺変性付与剤に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
【特許文献1】
特開2002−146336号
【0003】
従来のアミド系ペースト状揺変性付与剤は、ペースト中に粗粒状物が生成する場合があり、この粗粒状生成物を含んだペーストを揺変性付与剤として塗料・インキ等に添加すると、分散不良等を生じるという問題があった。この問題を生じさせないためには、あらかじめ揺変性付与剤を加温して粗粒状生成物をペースト中に溶解させるか、揺変性付与剤を添加した樹脂液をろ過する等の作業が必要となり、手間がかかるという問題点があった。
【0004】
そこで、例えば特許文献1にあるように、ペーストを作成する際の溶剤としてアルコール系溶剤(A)と、環式飽和炭化水素およびエステルから選ばれる少なくとも1つの溶剤(B)とから成る混合溶剤を用いることにより粗粒状物を生成させないようにしたアミド系ペースト状揺変性付与剤が提案されている。ところが、この場合には溶剤が特定にものに限定されてしまうため、汎用性に劣るとともに使い勝手も劣るという問題点があった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記のような従来の問題点を解決して、分散不良等の問題を引き起こす原因となるペースト中の粗粒状物を含まず、従って加温やろ過などの粗粒状物除去作業を不要とすることができ、また溶剤の制限がなく優れた使い勝手を発揮することができるアミド系ペースト状揺変性付与剤の製造方法およびこの方法により製造されたアミド系ペースト状揺変性付与剤を提供することを目的として完成されたものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
発明者らは、上記の課題を解決するため鋭意研究した結果、ジアミド化合物中のモノアミド化合物及び未反応脂肪酸を平均分子量300〜1000の範囲内のエポキシ樹脂と反応させることにより含有量を低下させたジアミド化合物を用いてペースト状揺変剤を作成すれば、粗粒状物が生成せず前記問題点を解決できることを見出した。
即ち、粗粒状生成物はジアミド化合物中に微量含まれるジアミンの片方のアミノ基と、水添ヒマシ油脂肪酸が反応したモノアミド化合物及び未反応脂肪酸が原因物質と考えられる。このようなモノアミド化合物及び未反応脂肪酸は、ジアミド化合物に比較して融点が低く分子量も小さいために、ペースト状揺変性付与剤製造工程中で溶剤中に分散させ加温処理した際に溶剤中に溶解しやすく、またペースト状揺変性付与剤が冬期の気温程度に冷却された場合に粗粒となって析出しやすいからである。
そこで、上記の課題を解決するためになされた本発明は、ジアミンと水添ヒマシ油脂肪酸との縮合反応生成物であるジアミド化合物の未反応アミノ基及び未反応脂肪酸のカルボキシル基を、エポキシ樹脂と反応させることにより低融点かつ低分子量の成分量を低下させ、得られたジアミド化合物を微粒子化させたのち溶剤中に分散させて、加温処理することを特徴とするアミド系ペースト状揺変性付与剤の製造方法と、この方法により製造されたことを特徴とする粗粒状生成物を含まないアミド系ペースト状揺変性付与剤である。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明でいうエポキシ樹脂とは、1分子中に2個以上のエポキシ基を含む化合物をいい、グリシジルエーテル型、グリシジルエステル型、グリシジルアミン型、脂環型のいずれも含むものである。またジアミド化合物とは、ジアミンと水添ヒマシ油脂肪酸とを当量反応させて得られる縮合反応生成物であって、平均分子量300〜1000の範囲内のものである。
このジアミド化合物中には未反応物として、ジアミンの片方のアミノ基と水添ヒマシ油脂肪酸が反応したモノアミド化合物及び未反応脂肪酸が微量含まれることは避けられない。
上記モノアミド化合物及び未反応脂肪酸は、ジアミド化合物に比較して融点が低くかつ分子量も小さいために、ペースト状揺変性付与剤製造工程中で溶剤中に分散させ加温処理した際に溶剤中に溶解しやすく、またペースト状揺変性付与剤が冬期の気温程度に冷却された場合に粗粒となって析出しやすいものである。
そして本発明では、粗粒状生成物はジアミド化合物中に微量含まれる未反応物が原因物質と推測し、上記未反応物を平均分子量300〜1000の範囲内のエポキシ樹脂と反応させることによって低融点かつ低分子量の成分量を低下させ、得られたジアミド化合物を微粒子化させた後、溶剤中に分散させ加温処理することによって、粗粒状生成物を含まないアミド系ペースト状揺変性付与剤を得たのである。
【0008】
ジアミンとしては、炭素数2〜12のものを単独あるいは2種以上を併せて用いることができる。また、本発明でいうジアミンとは、第1級アミンの他、2個のアミノ基の一方または両方がアルキル(またはアリール)置換されて、第2級アミンあるいは第3級アミンの形になったものを一部に含むものも包含するものである。
水添ヒマシ油脂肪酸は、ヒマシ油を水素添加して得られるヒマシ硬化油を加水分解して得られる脂肪酸で、水酸基が12番目の炭素原子に結合しているC18直鎖状脂肪酸である12−ヒドロキシステアリン酸を約90%含有する、融点約75℃の固体脂肪酸である。更に、本発明でいう水添ヒマシ油脂肪酸は、高純度100%12−ヒドロキシステアリン酸で製造したものや、他の脂肪酸やアジピン酸のような多塩基酸を加えたものも包含する。
これら水添ヒマシ油脂肪酸とジアミンとの縮合反応生成物であるジアミド化合物は、1モルの脂肪酸に対し0.5モルのジアミンを常圧もしくは真空下で、160〜230℃の温度で2〜10時間反応させて得られる。このようにして得られたジアミド化合物は、一般に酸価および全アミン価が5mgKOH/g前後の数値となるが、反応温度を高くしても反応時間を延長してもこれ以下の数値にすることは難しく、未反応アミノ基及び未反応脂肪酸のカルボキシル基が残存する。
【0009】
本発明では、上記方法で得られたジアミド化合物の未反応アミノ基及び未反応脂肪酸のカルボキシル基含有量を低下させるために、平均分子量300〜1000の範囲内のエポキシ樹脂をアミド反応終了後に添加し、160〜180℃で1時間程度反応させる。これにより。平均分子量300〜1000の範囲内のエポキシ樹脂と反応後のジアミド化合物の酸価および全アミン価は3mgKOH/g以下程度に低下し、融点100〜150℃の淡黄色〜淡褐色の固体となる。このジアミド化合物をジェットミル等の乾式粉砕機等で、平均粒子径10μm以下に微粒子化する。
【0010】
ジアミド化合物の未反応アミノ基及び未反応脂肪酸のカルボキシル基含有量を低下させるために添加されるエポキシ樹脂を平均分子量300〜1000の範囲内とする理由は、分子量300未満のエポキシ樹脂を使用した場合は、未反応物とエポキシ樹脂の反応物の分子量が小さいために凝集力が強く、ペーストが低温になった場合に粗粒になりやすく、一方、分子量1000より大きいエポキシ樹脂を使用した場合は、未反応物とエポキシ樹脂の反応物の分子量が大きいため、ペースト加温時に膨潤せずに粗粒となってペースト中に残存してしまうおそれがあるからである。
【0011】
上記目的のために添加される平均分子量300〜1000の範囲内のエポキシ樹脂のジアミド化合物に対する添加量は1〜3重量%の範囲が好ましい。これは1重量%未満ではジアミド化合物中の未反応物量を充分に低下できないため粗粒が出やすく、一方、3重量%より多いと揺変性付与効果が低下し、目的とするペースト状揺変性付与剤が得られなくなるおそれがあるからである。
【0012】
微粒子化したジアミド化合物の溶剤への分散は、適切な温度範囲で行う必要がある。適切な温度範囲とは、通常0〜50℃、好ましくは10〜40℃の範囲である。
分散温度は使用する溶剤により異なるので、実際に懸濁液を作成し、その状態から最適な分散温度を決定する。適切な温度範囲に満たない低い温度で分散を行った場合、分散後の懸濁液中で分散粒子の沈降が起こり、不均一なペーストとなる。一方、適切な温度範囲を超える高い温度で分散を行った場合、微粒子の一部が溶解し、目的のペースト状揺変性付与剤が得られない。
また、溶剤へ分散する際、微粒子化したジアミド化合物は全配合量中の5〜50重量%、好ましくは10〜30重量%となるように配合する。
【0013】
ジアミド化合物微粒子を分散する溶剤としては特に制限はなく、トルエンやキシレン等の芳香族炭化水素、ミネラルスピリット等の脂肪族炭化水素、メチルシクロヘキサン、エチルシクロヘキサン等の環状飽和炭化水素、酢酸プロピル、酢酸ヘキシル等の酢酸エステルやプロピオン酸系エステル等を単独あるいは2種以上を併せて用いることができる。また、上記溶剤にメタノール、エタノール等の脂肪族アルコールやベンジルアルコール等の環状アルコールなどを混合するとペーストを加温した際のジアミド化合物の膨潤を促進し、目的とするペースト状揺変性付与剤を得るのに好ましい。
【0014】
なお、炭化水素系溶剤及びエステル系溶剤の使用量は、全配合量中の10〜90重量%が好ましく、アルコール系溶剤の使用量は、全配合量中の5〜40重量%が好ましい。また、懸濁液の加温処理温度は30〜100℃、好ましくは40〜70℃の範囲である。
【0015】
温度、時間等の加温処理条件は使用する溶剤により異なるので、実際に懸濁液を加温処理し、その状態から最適な加温処理条件を決定する。適切な温度範囲に満たない低い温度で加温処理を行うと、塗料添加時に十分な揺変性を付与できないペーストしか得られず、一方、適切な温度範囲を超える高い温度で加温処理を行うと、微粒子の一部が溶剤中に溶解しペーストが冷却された際に粗粒となるおそれがある。
懸濁液の加温処理時間は1〜72時間、好ましくは12〜48時間の範囲である。適切な処理時間に満たない短い時間で加温処理を行った場合、塗料添加時に十分な揺変性を付与できないペーストしか得られず、一方、適切な処理時間を超える長時間の加温処理を行った場合、塗料に添加した際に分散が困難なほど堅いペーストとなってしまうからである。
【0016】
以下に、本発明の実施例について説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものでないことは勿論である。
先ず、以下の合成例1〜合成例6に従い、微粒子化したジアミド化合物を合成した。
【0017】
<合成例1>
温度計、水冷式コンデンサ、攪拌機および窒素ガス導入口を備えた容量1リットルの反応容器中に水添ヒマシ油脂肪酸310g(1.0モル)とヘキサメチレンジアミン58g(0.5モル)を仕込み、窒素雰囲気下で攪拌しながら加熱して120℃程度で均一なアミン塩とする。次に、徐々に加熱して反応水を溜出しながら200℃まで昇温する。200℃で4時間アミド化反応させた後160℃まで冷却し、分子量約900、エポキシ当量約475のエポキシ樹脂10.5g(ジアミド化合物の3重量%)を投入し、160℃で1時間反応させる。反応終了したジアミド化合物を、ジェットミル粉砕機で微粉砕し、平均粒子径7μmの微粒子化したジアミド化合物を得た。
【0018】
<合成例2>
温度計、水冷式コンデンサ、攪拌機および窒素ガス導入口を備えた容量1リットルの反応容器中に水添ヒマシ油脂肪酸310g(1.0モル)とヘキサメチレンジアミン58g(0.5モル)を仕込み、窒素雰囲気下で攪拌しながら加熱して120℃程度で均一なアミン塩とする。次に、徐々に加熱して反応水を溜出しながら200℃まで昇温する。200℃で4時間アミド化反応させた後160℃まで冷却し、分子量約380、エポキシ当量約190のエポキシ樹脂3.5g(ジアミド化合物の1重量%)を投入し、160℃で1時間反応させる。反応終了したジアミド化合物を、ジェットミル粉砕機で微粉砕し、平均粒子径7μmの微粒子化したジアミド化合物を得た。
【0019】
<合成例3>
温度計、水冷式コンデンサ、攪拌機および窒素ガス導入口を備えた容量1リットルの反応容器中に水添ヒマシ油脂肪酸310g(1.0モル)と1,4−ジアミノブタン44g(0.5モル)を仕込み、窒素雰囲気下で攪拌しながら加熱して120℃程度で均一なアミン塩とする。次に、徐々に加熱して反応水を溜出しながら200℃まで昇温する。200℃で4時間アミド化反応させた後160℃まで冷却し、分子量約900、エポキシ当量約475のエポキシ樹脂10.5g(ジアミド化合物の3重量%)を投入し、160℃で1時間反応させる。反応終了したジアミド化合物を、ジェットミル粉砕機で微粉砕し、平均粒子径7μmの微粒子化したジアミド化合物を得た。
【0020】
<合成例4>
温度計、水冷式コンデンサ、攪拌機および窒素ガス導入口を備えた容量1リットルの反応容器中に水添ヒマシ油脂肪酸310g(1.0モル)とヘキサメチレンジアミン58g(0.5モル)を仕込み、窒素雰囲気下で攪拌しながら加熱して120℃程度で均一なアミン塩とする。次に、徐々に加熱して反応水を溜出しながら200℃まで昇温する。200℃、4時間でアミド化反応終了とし、得られたジアミド化合物をジェットミル粉砕機で微粉砕し、平均粒子径7μmの微粒子化したジアミド化合物を得た。
【0021】
<合成例5>
温度計、水冷式コンデンサ、攪拌機および窒素ガス導入口を備えた容量1リットルの反応容器中に水添ヒマシ油脂肪酸310g(1.0モル)と1,4−ジアミノブタン44g(0.5モル)を仕込み、窒素雰囲気下で攪拌しながら加熱して120℃程度で均一なアミン塩とする。次に、徐々に加熱して反応水を溜出しながら200℃まで昇温する。200℃、4時間でアミド化反応終了とし、得られたジアミド化合物をジェットミル粉砕機で微粉砕し、平均粒子径7μmの微粒子化したジアミド化合物を得た。
【0022】
<合成例6>
温度計、水冷式コンデンサ、攪拌機および窒素ガス導入口を備えた容量1リットルの反応容器中に水添ヒマシ油脂肪酸310g(1.0モル)とヘキサメチレンジアミン58g(0.5モル)を仕込み、窒素雰囲気下で攪拌しながら加熱して120℃程度で均一なアミン塩とする。次に、徐々に加熱して反応水を溜出しながら200℃まで昇温する。200℃で4時間アミド化反応させた後160℃まで冷却し、分子量約1400、エポキシ当量約950エポキシ樹脂10.5g(ジアミド化合物の3重量%)を投入し、160℃で1時間反応させる。反応終了したジアミド化合物を、ジェットミル粉砕機で微粉砕し、平均粒子径7μmの微粒子化したジアミド化合物を得た。
【0023】
以上により得られた合成例1〜合成例6のジアミド化合物の分析結果は、表1に示すとおりである。
【0024】
【表1】
【0025】
次に、合成例により得られたジアミド化合物を用いた実施例につき説明する。
[実施例1]
〔懸濁液の作成〕
加温処理用の密閉容器に、キシレン130重量部、エタノール22重量部、メタノール8重量部および合成例1のジアミド化合物微粉末40重量部を加え、10〜15℃の温度で十分に分散させることにより、懸濁液を得た。
〔懸濁液の加温処理〕
懸濁液の入った密閉容器を、あらかじめ所定温度(55℃)に設定した恒温槽内に48時間静置し、その後室温で静置することにより冷却し、ペースト状揺変性付与剤を得た。
【0026】
[実施例2]
〔懸濁液の作成〕
加温処理用の密閉容器に、酢酸プロピル100重量部、イソプロピルアルコール60重量部および合成例2のジアミド化合物微粉末40重量部を加え、25〜30℃の温度で十分に分散させることにより、懸濁液を得た。
〔懸濁液の加温処理〕
懸濁液の入った密閉容器を、あらかじめ所定温度(55℃)に設定した恒温槽内に48時間静置し、その後室温で静置することにより冷却し、ペースト状揺変性付与剤を得た。
【0027】
[実施例3]
〔懸濁液の作成〕
加温処理用の密閉容器に、キシレン130重量部、エタノール22重量部、メタノール8重量部および合成例3のジアミド化合物微粉末40重量部を加え、10〜15℃の温度で十分に分散させることにより、懸濁液を得た。
〔懸濁液の加温処理〕
懸濁液の入った密閉容器を、あらかじめ所定温度(55℃)に設定した恒温槽内に48時間静置し、その後室温で静置することにより冷却し、ペースト状揺変性付与剤を得た。
【0028】
実施例4〜10
上記の実施例1〜3と同様に、合成例1および合成例3のジアミド化合物微粉末を用い、表2に示す条件で懸濁液の作成、加温処理をして得られたペースト状揺変性付与剤を実施例4〜10とする。
【0029】
一方、従来技術により得られるペースト状揺変性付与剤を比較例1〜比較例5として準備した。
[比較例1]
〔懸濁液の作成〕
加温処理用の密閉容器に、キシレン130重量部、エタノール22重量部、メタノール8重量部および合成例4のジアミド化合物微粉末40重量部を加え、10〜15℃の温度で十分に分散させることにより、懸濁液を得た。
〔懸濁液の加温処理〕
懸濁液の入った密閉容器を、あらかじめ所定温度(55℃)に設定した恒温槽内に48時間静置し、その後室温で静置することにより冷却し、ペースト状揺変性付与剤を得た。
【0030】
[比較例2]
〔懸濁液の作成〕
加温処理用の密閉容器に、キシレン130重量部、エタノール22重量部、メタノール8重量部および合成例5のジアミド化合物微粉末40重量部を加え、10〜15℃の温度で十分に分散させることにより、懸濁液を得た。
〔懸濁液の加温処理〕
懸濁液の入った密閉容器を、あらかじめ所定温度(55℃)に設定した恒温槽内に48時間静置し、その後室温で静置することにより冷却し、ペースト状揺変性付与剤を得た。
【0031】
[比較例3]
〔懸濁液の作成〕
加温処理用の密閉容器に、キシレン140重量部、エタノール40重量部および合成例4のジアミド化合物微粉末20重量部を加え、15〜20℃の温度で十分に分散させることにより、懸濁液を得た。
〔懸濁液の加温処理〕
懸濁液の入った密閉容器を、あらかじめ所定温度(60℃)に設定した恒温槽内に48時間静置し、その後室温で静置することにより冷却し、ペースト状揺変性付与剤を得た。
【0032】
[比較例4]
〔懸濁液の作成〕
加温処理用の密閉容器に、ミネラルスピリット130重量部、ベンジルアルコール30重量部および合成例5のジアミド化合物微粉末40重量部を加え、20〜25℃の温度で十分に分散させることにより、懸濁液を得た。
〔懸濁液の加温処理〕
懸濁液の入った密閉容器を、あらかじめ所定温度(60℃)に設定した恒温槽内に48時間静置し、その後室温で静置することにより冷却し、ペースト状揺変性付与剤を得た。
【0033】
[比較例5]
〔懸濁液の作成〕
加温処理用の密閉容器に、キシレン130重量部、エタノール22重量部、メタノール8重量部および合成例6のジアミド化合物微粉末40重量部を加え、10〜15℃の温度で十分に分散させることにより、懸濁液を得た。
〔懸濁液の加温処理〕
懸濁液の入った密閉容器を、あらかじめ所定温度(55℃)に設定した恒温槽内に48時間静置し、その後室温で静置することにより冷却し、ペースト状揺変性付与剤を得た。
【0034】
【表2】
【0035】
実施例1〜10と比較例1〜5で得られたアミド系ペースト状揺変性付与剤の性能評価を以下のとおり行った。
アクリル樹脂をキシレンで粘度200mPa・sに調整した樹脂溶液に、ペースト状揺変性付与剤を固形分で1.0重量%添加し、ディスパー3000rpmで30分間分散した。分散液を25℃で一晩静置した後、BM型粘度計で60rpmおよび6rpm時の粘度を測定した。T.I.値は6rpm粘度/60rpm粘度の比で算出した。粒度はツブゲージを用いて測定した。
得られた結果を、表3に示す。
【0036】
【表3】
【0037】
また、ペースト中の粗粒状生成物発生状況について、以下の方法により確認試験を行った。
作成したペーストをあらかじめ−10℃に1週間静置し、1週間経過後に25℃で一晩静置してペーストを25℃にする。次に、分散容器に50gを採取して450gのキシレンを加え、ディスパー3000rpmで30分間分散する。分散液を325メッシュ(目開き44μm)の金網でろ過し、金網を乾燥後に金網上の残査物を実体顕微鏡で観察することにより、粗粒状生成物の発生状況を確認した。
確認した結果を、表4に示す。
【0038】
【表4】
これらの試験結果からも明らかなように、本発明のアミド系ペースト状揺変性付与剤が、従来技術である比較例と比べて同等の優れた揺変性付与効果を発揮することができ、しかも添加塗料中で分散不良となる粗粒状生成物を含まない優れた添加剤であることが確認できた。
【0039】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明からも明らかなように、本発明は分散不良等の問題を引き起こす原因となるペースト中の粗粒状物を含まず、従って加温やろ過などの粗粒状物除去作業を不要とすることができ、また溶剤の制限がなく優れた使い勝手を発揮することができるものである。
よって本発明は従来の問題点を一掃したアミド系ペースト状揺変性付与剤の製造方法およびこの方法により製造されたアミド系ペースト状揺変性付与剤として、産業の発展に寄与するところは極めて大である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing an amide paste thixotropic agent that does not contain a coarse granular product, and an amide paste thixotropic agent produced by this method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-146336 A
A conventional amide paste thixotropic agent may produce coarse particles in the paste, and if a paste containing this coarse granular product is added to a paint or ink as a thixotropic agent, poor dispersion There was a problem of causing the above. In order not to cause this problem, it is necessary to heat the thixotropic agent in advance and dissolve the coarse granular product in the paste, or to filter the resin liquid to which the thixotropic agent is added, There was a problem that it took time and effort.
[0004]
Therefore, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a mixed solvent comprising an alcohol solvent (A) as a solvent for preparing a paste and at least one solvent (B) selected from cyclic saturated hydrocarbons and esters is used. An amide-based paste thixotropic agent that prevents the formation of coarse particles by use has been proposed. However, in this case, since the solvent is limited to a specific one, there is a problem that the versatility and the usability are inferior.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems and does not include coarse particles in the paste that cause problems such as poor dispersion, thus eliminating the need for removing coarse particles such as heating and filtration. And a method for producing an amide-based paste thixotropic agent capable of exhibiting excellent usability without limitation of a solvent and an amide-based paste thixotropic agent produced by this method. It was completed for the purpose.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the inventors have reduced the content by reacting the monoamide compound and unreacted fatty acid in the diamide compound with an epoxy resin having an average molecular weight of 300 to 1,000 . It has been found that if a paste-like thixotropic agent is prepared using a diamide compound, the above-mentioned problems can be solved without producing coarse particles.
That is, the coarse granular product is considered to be caused by a monoamide compound obtained by reacting one amino group of a diamine contained in a trace amount in a diamide compound, a hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid, and an unreacted fatty acid. Since such monoamide compounds and unreacted fatty acids have a lower melting point and lower molecular weight than diamide compounds, they are dispersed in the solvent during the paste-like thixotropic agent production process and heated in the solvent. This is because the paste-like thixotropic agent is easily dissolved and becomes coarse and precipitates when it is cooled to about the temperature in winter.
Therefore, the present invention made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the unreacted amino group of the diamide compound which is a condensation reaction product of diamine and hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid, and the carboxyl group of the unreacted fatty acid, Reducing the amount of low melting point and low molecular weight components by reacting, and then dicing the resulting diamide compound into fine particles, then dispersing in a solvent and heating treatment A method for producing an agent, and an amide-based paste thixotropic agent containing no coarse granular product, characterized by being produced by this method.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The epoxy resin referred to in the present invention refers to a compound containing two or more epoxy groups in one molecule, and includes any of glycidyl ether type, glycidyl ester type, glycidyl amine type, and alicyclic type. The diamide compound is a condensation reaction product obtained by an equivalent reaction of diamine and hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid, and has a mean molecular weight in the range of 300 to 1,000 .
In this diamide compound, it is inevitable that a small amount of a monoamide compound in which one amino group of diamine and hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid are reacted and an unreacted fatty acid are contained as unreacted substances.
Since the above monoamide compound and unreacted fatty acid have a lower melting point and lower molecular weight than the diamide compound, they are dissolved in the solvent when dispersed and heated in the paste-like thixotropic agent production process. In addition, when the paste-like thixotropic agent is cooled to about the temperature of winter, it is likely to precipitate as coarse particles.
In the present invention, the coarse granular product is presumed to be caused by unreacted substances contained in a trace amount in the diamide compound, and the low-melting point is obtained by reacting the unreacted substances with an epoxy resin having an average molecular weight of 300 to 1000. In addition, by reducing the amount of low molecular weight components and making the obtained diamide compound fine particles, the mixture is dispersed in a solvent and heated to give an amide paste thixotropic agent that does not contain coarse particles. I got it.
[0008]
As the diamine, those having 2 to 12 carbon atoms can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In addition, the diamine referred to in the present invention is a secondary amine or tertiary amine in which one or both of the two amino groups are substituted with alkyl (or aryl) in addition to the primary amine. What includes a part of it is also included.
Hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid is a fatty acid obtained by hydrolyzing castor oil obtained by hydrogenating castor oil, and is a C18 linear fatty acid having a hydroxyl group bonded to the 12th carbon atom. It is a solid fatty acid containing about 90% hydroxystearic acid and having a melting point of about 75 ° C. Furthermore, the hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid referred to in the present invention includes those produced with high-purity 100% 12-hydroxystearic acid and those added with other fatty acids and polybasic acids such as adipic acid.
The diamide compound which is a condensation reaction product of these hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid and diamine is 2 to 10 at a temperature of 160 to 230 ° C. under normal pressure or vacuum of 0.5 mol of diamine with respect to 1 mol of fatty acid. It is obtained by reacting for hours. The thus obtained diamide compound generally has an acid value and a total amine value of around 5 mgKOH / g, but it should be kept below this value even if the reaction temperature is increased or the reaction time is extended. Is difficult, and unreacted amino groups and carboxyl groups of unreacted fatty acids remain.
[0009]
In the present invention, an epoxy resin having an average molecular weight of 300 to 1000 is added after completion of the amide reaction in order to reduce the unreacted amino group and carboxyl group content of the unreacted fatty acid of the diamide compound obtained by the above method. The reaction is performed at 160 to 180 ° C. for about 1 hour. By this. The acid value and total amine value of the diamide compound after reaction with an epoxy resin having an average molecular weight of 300 to 1000 are reduced to about 3 mgKOH / g or less, and a light yellow to light brown solid having a melting point of 100 to 150 ° C. is obtained. The diamide compound is micronized to an average particle size of 10 μm or less with a dry pulverizer such as a jet mill.
[0010]
The reason why the epoxy resin added to reduce the unreacted amino group and the carboxyl group content of the unreacted fatty acid in the diamide compound is within the range of the average molecular weight of 300 to 1000 is when an epoxy resin having a molecular weight of less than 300 is used. Is a strong cohesive force due to the small molecular weight of the unreacted product and the reaction product of the epoxy resin, and tends to become coarse when the paste is low temperature, while using an epoxy resin with a molecular weight of more than 1000, This is because the molecular weight of the unreacted product and the reaction product of the epoxy resin is large, and there is a possibility that the particles will not swell when heated and become coarse particles and remain in the paste.
[0011]
The addition amount of the epoxy resin within the range of the average molecular weight of 300 to 1000 added for the above purpose with respect to the diamide compound is preferably in the range of 1 to 3% by weight. If the amount is less than 1% by weight, the amount of unreacted substances in the diamide compound cannot be sufficiently reduced, so that coarse particles are likely to be produced. On the other hand, if the amount is more than 3% by weight, the thixotropic effect is reduced and the intended pasty thixotropic property is imparted. This is because the agent may not be obtained.
[0012]
It is necessary to disperse the finely divided diamide compound in a solvent within an appropriate temperature range. The appropriate temperature range is usually 0 to 50 ° C, preferably 10 to 40 ° C.
Since the dispersion temperature varies depending on the solvent used, a suspension is actually prepared and the optimum dispersion temperature is determined from the state. When the dispersion is performed at a low temperature that is less than the appropriate temperature range, the dispersed particles settle in the suspension after dispersion, resulting in a non-uniform paste. On the other hand, when the dispersion is performed at a high temperature exceeding an appropriate temperature range, a part of the fine particles are dissolved, and the intended pasty thixotropic agent cannot be obtained.
Moreover, when disperse | distributing to a solvent, the diamide compound atomized is mix | blended so that it may become 5 to 50 weight% in the whole compounding quantity, Preferably it is 10 to 30 weight%.
[0013]
The solvent for dispersing the diamide compound fine particles is not particularly limited. Aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as mineral spirits, cyclic saturated hydrocarbons such as methylcyclohexane and ethylcyclohexane, propyl acetate, hexyl acetate These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In addition, mixing aliphatic alcohols such as methanol and ethanol and cyclic alcohols such as benzyl alcohol with the solvent promotes the swelling of the diamide compound when the paste is heated, and the intended paste-like thixotropic agent is obtained. Is preferable.
[0014]
In addition, the usage-amount of a hydrocarbon type solvent and an ester-type solvent has preferable 10 to 90 weight% in the whole compounding quantity, and the usage-amount of an alcoholic solvent has 5 to 40 weight% in the whole compounding quantity. Moreover, the heating temperature of the suspension is 30 to 100 ° C, preferably 40 to 70 ° C.
[0015]
Since the heat treatment conditions such as temperature and time vary depending on the solvent used, the suspension is actually warmed and the optimum heat treatment conditions are determined from the state. If the heat treatment is performed at a low temperature that is less than the appropriate temperature range, only a paste that cannot give sufficient thixotropy at the time of coating addition can be obtained, while if the heat treatment is performed at a high temperature that exceeds the appropriate temperature range, When some of the fine particles are dissolved in the solvent and the paste is cooled, they may become coarse particles.
The suspension is warmed for 1 to 72 hours, preferably 12 to 48 hours. If the heat treatment is performed for a short time that is less than the appropriate treatment time, only a paste that cannot give sufficient thixotropy can be obtained when the paint is added, while the heat treatment for a long time exceeding the appropriate treatment time is performed. This is because the paste becomes so hard that it is difficult to disperse when added to the paint.
[0016]
Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is of course not limited thereto.
First, finely divided diamide compounds were synthesized according to Synthesis Examples 1 to 6 below.
[0017]
<Synthesis Example 1>
Into a reaction vessel having a capacity of 1 liter equipped with a thermometer, a water-cooled condenser, a stirrer and a nitrogen gas inlet, 310 g (1.0 mol) of hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid and 58 g (0.5 mol) of hexamethylenediamine were charged. Heat with stirring in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a uniform amine salt at about 120 ° C. Next, the temperature is raised to 200 ° C. while gradually heating and distilling the reaction water. After amidation reaction at 200 ° C. for 4 hours, cooling to 160 ° C., charging 10.5 g of epoxy resin having a molecular weight of about 900 and an epoxy equivalent of about 475 (3% by weight of diamide compound) and reacting at 160 ° C. for 1 hour . The diamide compound after the reaction was pulverized with a jet mill pulverizer to obtain a diamide compound having an average particle diameter of 7 μm.
[0018]
<Synthesis Example 2>
Into a reaction vessel having a capacity of 1 liter equipped with a thermometer, a water-cooled condenser, a stirrer and a nitrogen gas inlet, 310 g (1.0 mol) of hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid and 58 g (0.5 mol) of hexamethylenediamine were charged. Heat with stirring in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a uniform amine salt at about 120 ° C. Next, the temperature is raised to 200 ° C. while gradually heating and distilling the reaction water. After amidation reaction at 200 ° C. for 4 hours, cooling to 160 ° C., charging 3.5 g of epoxy resin having a molecular weight of about 380 and an epoxy equivalent of about 190 (1% by weight of diamide compound), and reacting at 160 ° C. for 1 hour. . The diamide compound after the reaction was pulverized with a jet mill pulverizer to obtain a diamide compound having an average particle diameter of 7 μm.
[0019]
<Synthesis Example 3>
Hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid 310 g (1.0 mol) and 1,4-diaminobutane 44 g (0.5 mol) in a 1 liter reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, water-cooled condenser, stirrer and nitrogen gas inlet And heated with stirring in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a uniform amine salt at about 120 ° C. Next, the temperature is raised to 200 ° C. while gradually heating and distilling the reaction water. After amidation reaction at 200 ° C. for 4 hours, cooling to 160 ° C., charging 10.5 g of epoxy resin having a molecular weight of about 900 and an epoxy equivalent of about 475 (3% by weight of diamide compound) and reacting at 160 ° C. for 1 hour . The diamide compound after the reaction was pulverized with a jet mill pulverizer to obtain a diamide compound having an average particle diameter of 7 μm.
[0020]
<Synthesis Example 4>
Into a reaction vessel having a capacity of 1 liter equipped with a thermometer, a water-cooled condenser, a stirrer and a nitrogen gas inlet, 310 g (1.0 mol) of hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid and 58 g (0.5 mol) of hexamethylenediamine were charged. Heat with stirring in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a uniform amine salt at about 120 ° C. Next, the temperature is raised to 200 ° C. while gradually heating and distilling the reaction water. The amidation reaction was completed at 200 ° C. for 4 hours, and the obtained diamide compound was finely pulverized by a jet mill pulverizer to obtain a finely divided diamide compound having an average particle diameter of 7 μm.
[0021]
<Synthesis Example 5>
Hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid 310 g (1.0 mol) and 1,4-diaminobutane 44 g (0.5 mol) in a 1 liter reaction vessel equipped with a thermometer, water-cooled condenser, stirrer and nitrogen gas inlet And heated with stirring in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a uniform amine salt at about 120 ° C. Next, the temperature is raised to 200 ° C. while gradually heating and distilling the reaction water. The amidation reaction was completed at 200 ° C. for 4 hours, and the obtained diamide compound was finely pulverized by a jet mill pulverizer to obtain a finely divided diamide compound having an average particle diameter of 7 μm.
[0022]
<Synthesis Example 6>
Into a reaction vessel having a capacity of 1 liter equipped with a thermometer, a water-cooled condenser, a stirrer and a nitrogen gas inlet, 310 g (1.0 mol) of hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid and 58 g (0.5 mol) of hexamethylenediamine were charged. Heat with stirring in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a uniform amine salt at about 120 ° C. Next, the temperature is raised to 200 ° C. while gradually heating and distilling the reaction water. After amidation reaction at 200 ° C. for 4 hours, the reaction solution is cooled to 160 ° C., charged with 10.5 g of an epoxy resin having a molecular weight of about 1400 and an epoxy equivalent of about 950 (3% by weight of diamide compound), and reacted at 160 ° C. for 1 hour. The diamide compound after the reaction was pulverized with a jet mill pulverizer to obtain a diamide compound having an average particle diameter of 7 μm.
[0023]
The analysis results of the diamide compounds of Synthesis Examples 1 to 6 obtained as described above are as shown in Table 1.
[0024]
[Table 1]
[0025]
Next, examples using the diamide compound obtained by the synthesis example will be described.
[Example 1]
(Create suspension)
Add 130 parts by weight of xylene, 22 parts by weight of ethanol, 8 parts by weight of methanol and 40 parts by weight of the diamide compound fine powder of Synthesis Example 1 to a sealed container for heating treatment, and sufficiently disperse at a temperature of 10 to 15 ° C. Gave a suspension.
[Warming of suspension]
The closed container containing the suspension was allowed to stand for 48 hours in a thermostat set at a predetermined temperature (55 ° C.) in advance, and then cooled by leaving it at room temperature to obtain a paste-like thixotropic agent. .
[0026]
[Example 2]
(Create suspension)
By adding 100 parts by weight of propyl acetate, 60 parts by weight of isopropyl alcohol and 40 parts by weight of the fine powder of diamide compound of Synthesis Example 2 to a closed container for heating treatment, the suspension is sufficiently dispersed at a temperature of 25 to 30 ° C. A turbid liquid was obtained.
[Warming of suspension]
The closed container containing the suspension was allowed to stand for 48 hours in a thermostat set at a predetermined temperature (55 ° C.) in advance, and then cooled by leaving it at room temperature to obtain a paste-like thixotropic agent. .
[0027]
[Example 3]
(Create suspension)
Add 130 parts by weight of xylene, 22 parts by weight of ethanol, 8 parts by weight of methanol and 40 parts by weight of the fine powder of the diamide compound of Synthesis Example 3 in a sealed container for heating treatment, and sufficiently disperse at a temperature of 10 to 15 ° C. Gave a suspension.
[Warming of suspension]
The closed container containing the suspension was allowed to stand for 48 hours in a thermostat set at a predetermined temperature (55 ° C.) in advance, and then cooled by leaving it at room temperature to obtain a paste-like thixotropic agent. .
[0028]
Examples 4-10
In the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3, the diamide compound fine powders of Synthesis Example 1 and Synthesis Example 3 were used to prepare a suspension and heat treatment under the conditions shown in Table 2. The modification | denaturation imparting agent is set to Examples 4-10.
[0029]
On the other hand, pasty thixotropic agents obtained by conventional techniques were prepared as Comparative Examples 1 to 5.
[Comparative Example 1]
(Create suspension)
Add 130 parts by weight of xylene, 22 parts by weight of ethanol, 8 parts by weight of methanol, and 40 parts by weight of the fine powder of the diamide compound of Synthesis Example 4 in a sealed container for heating treatment, and sufficiently disperse at a temperature of 10 to 15 ° C. Gave a suspension.
[Warming of suspension]
The closed container containing the suspension was allowed to stand for 48 hours in a thermostat set at a predetermined temperature (55 ° C.) in advance, and then cooled by leaving it at room temperature to obtain a paste-like thixotropic agent. .
[0030]
[Comparative Example 2]
(Create suspension)
Add 130 parts by weight of xylene, 22 parts by weight of ethanol, 8 parts by weight of methanol and 40 parts by weight of the fine powder of the diamide compound of Synthesis Example 5 in a sealed container for heating treatment, and sufficiently disperse at a temperature of 10 to 15 ° C. Gave a suspension.
[Warming of suspension]
The closed container containing the suspension was allowed to stand for 48 hours in a thermostat set at a predetermined temperature (55 ° C.) in advance, and then cooled by leaving it at room temperature to obtain a paste-like thixotropic agent. .
[0031]
[Comparative Example 3]
(Create suspension)
Suspension was obtained by adding 140 parts by weight of xylene, 40 parts by weight of ethanol and 20 parts by weight of the diamide compound fine powder of Synthesis Example 4 to a sealed container for heating treatment and sufficiently dispersing at a temperature of 15 to 20 ° C. Got.
[Warming of suspension]
The closed container containing the suspension was allowed to stand for 48 hours in a thermostat set in advance at a predetermined temperature (60 ° C.), and then cooled by being left at room temperature to obtain a paste-like thixotropic agent. .
[0032]
[Comparative Example 4]
(Create suspension)
By adding 130 parts by weight of mineral spirit, 30 parts by weight of benzyl alcohol and 40 parts by weight of the diamide compound fine powder of Synthesis Example 5 to a sealed container for heating treatment, the suspension is sufficiently dispersed at a temperature of 20 to 25 ° C. A turbid liquid was obtained.
[Warming of suspension]
The closed container containing the suspension was allowed to stand for 48 hours in a thermostat set in advance at a predetermined temperature (60 ° C.), and then cooled by being left at room temperature to obtain a paste-like thixotropic agent. .
[0033]
[Comparative Example 5]
(Create suspension)
Add 130 parts by weight of xylene, 22 parts by weight of ethanol, 8 parts by weight of methanol and 40 parts by weight of the fine powder of the diamide compound of Synthesis Example 6 in a sealed container for heating treatment, and sufficiently disperse at a temperature of 10 to 15 ° C. Gave a suspension.
[Warming of suspension]
The closed container containing the suspension was allowed to stand for 48 hours in a thermostat set at a predetermined temperature (55 ° C.) in advance, and then cooled by leaving it at room temperature to obtain a paste-like thixotropic agent. .
[0034]
[Table 2]
[0035]
Performance evaluation of the amide paste thixotropic agent obtained in Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 was performed as follows.
To a resin solution prepared by adjusting the viscosity of an acrylic resin to xylene with a viscosity of 200 mPa · s, 1.0% by weight of a paste-like thixotropic agent was added in solid content, and dispersed at 3000 rpm for 30 minutes. After allowing the dispersion to stand at 25 ° C. overnight, the viscosity at 60 rpm and 6 rpm was measured with a BM viscometer. The T.I. value was calculated by the ratio of 6 rpm viscosity / 60 rpm viscosity. The particle size was measured using a tube gauge.
The results obtained are shown in Table 3.
[0036]
[Table 3]
[0037]
Moreover, the confirmation test was done with the following method about the coarse-grained product generation | occurrence | production situation in a paste.
The prepared paste is allowed to stand at −10 ° C. for 1 week in advance, and after 1 week, it is allowed to stand overnight at 25 ° C. to bring the paste to 25 ° C. Next, 50 g is collected in a dispersion container, 450 g of xylene is added, and the dispersion is dispersed at 3000 rpm for 30 minutes. The dispersion was filtered through a 325 mesh (mesh opening 44 μm) wire mesh, and the residue on the wire mesh was observed with a stereomicroscope after the wire mesh was dried, thereby confirming the occurrence of coarse granular products.
The confirmed results are shown in Table 4.
[0038]
[Table 4]
As is clear from these test results, the amide paste thixotropic agent of the present invention can exhibit an excellent thixotropic effect equivalent to that of the comparative example of the prior art, and is added. It was confirmed that this was an excellent additive that did not contain coarse granular products that would cause poor dispersion in the paint.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above explanation, the present invention does not include coarse particles in the paste that cause problems such as poor dispersion, and thus eliminates the need for removing coarse particles such as heating and filtration. In addition, there is no limitation on the solvent and it can exhibit excellent usability.
Therefore, the present invention contributes to industrial development as a method for producing an amide paste thixotropic agent that eliminates the conventional problems and an amide paste thixotropic agent produced by this method. is there.
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