JP4406112B2 - Endoscope objective variable magnification optical system - Google Patents
Endoscope objective variable magnification optical system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4406112B2 JP4406112B2 JP14003199A JP14003199A JP4406112B2 JP 4406112 B2 JP4406112 B2 JP 4406112B2 JP 14003199 A JP14003199 A JP 14003199A JP 14003199 A JP14003199 A JP 14003199A JP 4406112 B2 JP4406112 B2 JP 4406112B2
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- Prior art keywords
- lens group
- lens
- optical system
- refractive power
- variable magnification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/2407—Optical details
- G02B23/2423—Optical details of the distal end
- G02B23/243—Objectives for endoscopes
- G02B23/2438—Zoom objectives
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/2407—Optical details
- G02B23/2423—Optical details of the distal end
- G02B23/243—Objectives for endoscopes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/26—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes using light guides
Description
【0001】
【技術分野】
本発明は、内視鏡に使用する対物変倍光学系に関する。
【0002】
【従来技術及びその問題点】
近年、内視鏡において拡大観察のニーズが増加傾向にあり、そのニーズに応えるための内視鏡が登場してきている。従来のこのような内視鏡としては、例えば、特開昭51−44937号公報や、特開平1−279219号公報に記載のものがあり、視野角120゜程度の通常観察と拡大観察ができる対物変倍光学系を備えているが、変倍時に焦点の合う物点が移動する(物像間距離が変化する)ため、変倍と同時にフォーカシング(レンズ群全体(体内挿入部先端)の移動)が必要となり、操作性が悪かった。また、拡大観察時(長焦点距離)に物像間距離が短くなると、被写界深度が浅くなるため、正確なフォーカシングが必要となり、このことも内視鏡の操作性を損なわせていた。
【0003】
【発明の目的】
本発明は、変倍時に物像間距離が変化しない、小型で高性能な対物変倍光学系を得ることを目的とする。
【0004】
【発明の概要】
本発明の内視鏡対物変倍光学系は、物体側から順に、負の屈折力を有する第1レンズ群と、明るさ絞りと、正の屈折力を有する第2レンズ群と、負の屈折力を有する第3レンズ群とから構成され、変倍に際し、第1レンズ群と第3レンズ群は不動であり、第2レンズ群が物像間距離を変化させない光軸上の異なる2点に移動し、次の条件式(1)及び(2)を満足することを特徴としている。
(1)0.5<Y/f2<0.8
(2)0.05<|Y/f3|<0.2
但し、
Y:最大像高、
fi:第iレンズ群の焦点距離(i=1,2,3)、
である。
【0005】
本発明の内視鏡対物変倍光学系は、別の態様では、物体側から順に、負の屈折力を有する第1レンズ群と、明るさ絞りと、正の屈折力を有する第2レンズ群と、負の屈折力を有する第3レンズ群とから構成され、変倍に際し、第1レンズ群は不動であり、第2レンズ群と第3レンズ群とが、物像間距離を変化させないように光軸上を移動し、第1レンズ群は負の単レンズからなり、次の条件式(1)、(2)及び(3)を満足することを特徴としている。
(1)0.5<Y/f2<0.8
(2)0.15<|Y/f3|<0.4
(3)0.5<|Y/f1|<0.8
但し、
Y:最大像高、
fi:第iレンズ群の焦点距離(i=1,2,3)、
である。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の内視鏡対物変倍光学系は、図10の簡易移動図に示すように、物体側から順に、負の第1レンズ群10と、明るさ絞りSと、正の第2レンズ群20と、負の第3レンズ群30とからなっている。この対物変倍光学系は、変倍に際し、第1レンズ群10は不動であり、第2レンズ群20と第3レンズ群30が光軸上を移動する。
【0008】
本発明の対物変倍光学系の主な変倍作用は第2レンズ群が担っているが、第2レンズ群の移動により物点も移動するため、負の第3レンズ群の移動でこの物点の移動を補正して物像間距離の変わらない変倍光学系を得ている。
【0009】
条件式(1)は、第2レンズ群の屈折力に関するものである。条件式(1)の下限を越えて、第2レンズ群の正の屈折力が弱くなると、必要な倍率を得るために第2レンズ群の移動量が大きくなり、光学系の大型化を招く。また、長焦点距離端でのFナンバーが大きくなる。条件式(1)の上限を越えて第2レンズ群の屈折力が強くなると、短焦点距離端から長焦点距離端までの諸収差をバランスよく補正することが困難となる。特に、長焦点距離端での像面湾曲がアンダーとなる。
【0010】
条件式(2)は、第3レンズ群の屈折力に関するものである。
条件式(2)の下限を越えて、第3レンズ群の負の屈折力が弱くなると、物点の移動を補正するための第3レンズ群の移動量が大きくなり、光学系の大型化を招く。条件式(2)の上限を越えて第3レンズ群の屈折力が強くなると、短焦点距離端において射出瞳位置を十分に像面から遠ざけることができず、良好なテレセントリック性が得られないため、カラー撮像素子を用いる電子内視鏡に適用すると、色ムラなどの問題が発生する。
【0011】
条件式(3)は、第1レンズ群の屈折力に関するものである。
条件式(3)の下限を越えると、短焦点距離端で広い視野角とフィルター類を配置するために必要なバックフォーカスが得られなくなる。条件式(3)の上限を越えると、バックフォーカスが長くなりすぎて全長(第1レンズ群の最も物体側のレンズの物体側の面から第2レンズ群の最も像側のレンズの像側の面までの距離)が長くなる。そのため、スコープ先端部の湾曲操作性が低下する。
【0012】
次に具体的な実施例を示す。諸収差図中、球面収差で表される色収差図及び倍率色収差図中のd線、g線、C線はそれぞれの波長に対する収差であり、Sはサジタル、Mはメリディオナルである。また、表中のFNOはFナンバー、fは全系の焦点距離、Wは半画角(゜)、fBはバックフォーカス(最も像側の面から像面(撮像面)までの空気換換算距離)、Mは横倍率、u-1は物体距離、rは曲率半径、dはレンズ厚またはレンズ間隔、Nd はd線の屈折率、νはアッベ数を示す。
【0013】
[実施例1]
図1ないし図3は、本発明の内視鏡対物変倍光学系の実施例1を示す。図1はレンズ構成図であり、第1レンズ群10は、負の単レンズで構成され、第2レンズ群20は、物体側から順に、正レンズ、正レンズと負レンズの接合レンズで構成され、第3レンズ群30は負の単レンズで構成されている。r10〜r13は撮像素子の撮像面の前に置かれたフィルター類Gである。図2、図3はそれぞれ、この内視鏡対物変倍光学系の短焦点距離端、長焦点距離端における諸収差図、表1はその数値データである。
【0014】
【表1】
【0015】
[実施例2]
図4ないし図6は、本発明の内視鏡対物変倍光学系の実施例2を示す。図4はレンズ構成図であり、第1レンズ群10は、負の単レンズで構成され、第2レンズ群20は、物体側から順に、正レンズ、正レンズと負レンズの接合レンズで構成され、第3レンズ群30は負レンズと正レンズの接合レンズで構成されている。r11〜r13はフィルター類Gである。図5、図6はそれぞれ、この内視鏡対物変倍光学系の短焦点距離端、長焦点距離端における諸収差図、表2はその数値データである。
【0016】
【表2】
【0017】
[実施例3]
図7ないし図9は、本発明の内視鏡対物変倍光学系の実施例3を示す。図7はレンズ構成図であり、図8、図9はそれぞれ、この内視鏡対物変倍光学系の短焦点距離端、長焦点距離端における諸収差図、表3はその数値データである。基本的なレンズ構成は実施例1と同様である。
【0018】
【表3】
【0019】
各実施例の各条件式に対する値を表4に示す。
【表4】
各実施例は各条件式を満足しており、諸収差も比較的よく補正されている。また、いずれの実施例も物体距離(u-1)は一定(10mm)である。すなわち、第1レンズ群は固定であり、第1レンズ群の物体側の面から像面までの距離が一定であるから、物像間距離も一定である。
【0020】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、変倍時に物像間距離が変化しない、内視鏡に好適な小型・高性能な内視鏡対物変倍光学系を得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明による対物光学系の実施例1のレンズ構成図である。
【図2】図1のレンズ構成の短焦点距離端における諸収差図である。
【図3】図1のレンズ構成の長焦点距離端における諸収差図である。
【図4】本発明による対物光学系の実施例2のレンズ構成図である。
【図5】図4のレンズ構成の短焦点距離端における諸収差図である。
【図6】図4のレンズ構成の長焦点距離端における諸収差図である。
【図7】本発明による対物光学系の実施例3のレンズ構成図である。
【図8】図7のレンズ構成の短焦点距離端における諸収差図である。
【図9】図7のレンズ構成の長焦点距離端における諸収差図である。
【図10】本発明の内視鏡対物変倍光学系の簡易移動図である。[0001]
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to an objective variable magnification optical system used for an endoscope.
[0002]
[Prior art and its problems]
In recent years, the need for magnification observation has been increasing in endoscopes, and endoscopes for responding to the needs have appeared. Examples of such conventional endoscopes include those described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 51-44937 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-279219, and can perform normal observation and enlargement observation with a viewing angle of about 120 °. Although equipped with an objective variable magnification optical system, the object point that is in focus moves during the magnification change (the distance between the object images changes), so focusing is performed simultaneously with the magnification change (the movement of the entire lens group (the tip of the body insertion portion)). ) Was required and the operability was poor. Further, when the object-image distance is shortened during magnified observation (long focal length), the depth of field becomes shallow, so that accurate focusing is required, which also impairs the operability of the endoscope.
[0003]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to obtain a compact and high-performance objective variable magnification optical system in which the distance between object images does not change at the time of zooming.
[0004]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An endoscope objective variable magnification optical system according to the present invention includes, in order from the object side, a first lens group having negative refractive power, an aperture stop, a second lens group having positive refractive power, and negative refraction. The second lens group is fixed at two different points on the optical axis that do not change the distance between the object images. It moves and satisfies the following conditional expressions (1) and (2) .
(1) 0.5 <Y / f2 <0.8
(2) 0.05 <| Y / f3 | <0.2
However,
Y: Maximum image height
fi: focal length of the i-th lens group (i = 1, 2, 3),
It is .
[0005]
In another aspect, the endoscope objective variable magnification optical system according to the present invention is, in order from the object side, a first lens group having a negative refractive power, an aperture stop, and a second lens group having a positive refractive power. And a third lens group having negative refracting power, the first lens group does not move during zooming, and the second lens group and the third lens group do not change the distance between object images. The first lens unit is composed of a negative single lens and satisfies the following conditional expressions (1), (2) and (3).
(1) 0.5 <Y / f2 <0.8
(2) 0.15 <| Y / f3 | <0.4
(3) 0.5 <| Y / f1 | <0.8
However,
Y: Maximum image height
fi: focal length of the i-th lens group (i = 1, 2, 3),
It is.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The endoscope objective variable magnification optical system according to the present invention has a negative
[0008]
The main zooming function of the objective zooming optical system of the present invention is borne by the second lens group, but the object point is also moved by the movement of the second lens group, so this object is moved by the movement of the negative third lens group. A variable magnification optical system in which the distance between the object images does not change is obtained by correcting the movement of the points.
[0009]
Conditional expression (1) relates to the refractive power of the second lens group. If the lower limit of the conditional expression (1) is exceeded and the positive refractive power of the second lens group becomes weak, the amount of movement of the second lens group becomes large to obtain the required magnification, leading to an increase in the size of the optical system. In addition, the F number at the long focal length end increases. When the refractive power of the second lens unit becomes strong beyond the upper limit of conditional expression (1), it becomes difficult to correct various aberrations from the short focal length end to the long focal length end in a balanced manner. In particular, the curvature of field at the end of the long focal length is under.
[0010]
Conditional expression (2) relates to the refractive power of the third lens group.
When the lower limit of conditional expression (2) is exceeded and the negative refractive power of the third lens group becomes weaker, the amount of movement of the third lens group for correcting the movement of the object point increases, and the size of the optical system increases. Invite. If the refractive power of the third lens unit is increased beyond the upper limit of conditional expression (2), the exit pupil position cannot be sufficiently distant from the image plane at the short focal length end, and good telecentricity cannot be obtained. When applied to an electronic endoscope using a color image sensor, problems such as color unevenness occur.
[0011]
Conditional expression (3) relates to the refractive power of the first lens group.
If the lower limit of conditional expression (3) is exceeded, the back focus necessary for arranging a wide viewing angle and filters at the short focal length end cannot be obtained. When the upper limit of conditional expression (3) is exceeded, the back focus becomes too long and the entire length (from the object side surface of the lens closest to the object side of the first lens group to the image side of the lens closest to the image side of the second lens group). (Distance to the surface) becomes longer. For this reason, the bending operability of the distal end portion of the scope is lowered.
[0012]
Next, specific examples will be described. In the various aberration diagrams, the d-line, g-line, and C-line in the chromatic aberration diagram and the lateral chromatic aberration diagram represented by spherical aberration are aberrations for the respective wavelengths, S is sagittal, and M is meridional. The air conversion to F NO is the F-number in the table, f is the focal length of the entire system, W is the half angle (°), f B is the image plane from the plane of the back focus (the most image side (imaging surface) converted distance), M is the transverse magnification, u-1 is the object distance, r is the radius of curvature, d is the lens thickness or distance between lens, N d is the refractive index of the d line, [nu denotes the Abbe number.
[0013]
[Example 1]
1 to 3
[0014]
[Table 1]
[0015]
[Example 2]
4 to 6 show a second embodiment of the endoscope objective variable magnification optical system according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a lens configuration diagram. The
[0016]
[Table 2]
[0017]
[Example 3]
7 to 9 show a third embodiment of the endoscope objective variable magnification optical system according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a lens configuration diagram. FIGS. 8 and 9 are diagrams showing various aberrations at the short focal length end and the long focal length end of the endoscope objective variable magnification optical system, and Table 3 shows numerical data thereof. The basic lens configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.
[0018]
[Table 3]
[0019]
Table 4 shows values for each conditional expression in each example.
[Table 4]
Each example satisfies each conditional expression, and various aberrations are corrected relatively well. In any of the embodiments, the object distance (u-1) is constant (10 mm). That is, since the first lens group is fixed and the distance from the object side surface of the first lens group to the image plane is constant, the distance between the object images is also constant.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a small-size and high-performance endoscope objective variable magnification optical system suitable for an endoscope, in which the distance between object images does not change during zooming.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a lens configuration diagram of Example 1 of an objective optical system according to the present invention.
2 is a diagram illustrating various aberrations at the short focal length end of the lens configuration in FIG. 1; FIG.
3 is a diagram illustrating various aberrations at the long focal length end of the lens configuration in FIG. 1; FIG.
FIG. 4 is a lens configuration diagram of Example 2 of the objective optical system according to the present invention.
5 is a diagram illustrating various aberrations at the short focal length end of the lens configuration in FIG. 4; FIG.
6 is a diagram illustrating various aberrations at the long focal length end of the lens configuration in FIG. 4; FIG.
FIG. 7 is a lens configuration diagram of Example 3 of the objective optical system according to the present invention.
8 is a diagram illustrating various aberrations at the short focal length end of the lens configuration in FIG. 7; FIG.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating various aberrations at the long focal length end of the lens configuration in FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is a simple movement diagram of the endoscope objective variable magnification optical system according to the present invention.
Claims (2)
変倍に際し、第1レンズ群は不動であり、第2レンズ群と第3レンズ群とが、物像間距離を変化させないように光軸上を移動し、
次の条件式(1)、(2)及び(3)を満足することを特徴とする内視鏡対物変倍光学系。
(1)0.5<Y/f2<0.8
(2)0.15<|Y/f3|<0.4
(3)0.5<|Y/f1|<0.8
但し、
Y:最大像高、
fi:第iレンズ群の焦点距離(i=1,2,3)。In order from the object side, the first lens group having a negative refractive power, an aperture stop, a second lens group having a positive refractive power, and a third lens group having a negative refractive power,
During zooming, the first lens group is stationary, and the second lens group and the third lens group move on the optical axis so as not to change the distance between object images ,
An endoscope objective variable magnification optical system characterized by satisfying the following conditional expressions (1), (2) and (3) .
(1) 0.5 <Y / f2 <0.8
(2) 0.15 <| Y / f3 | <0.4
(3) 0.5 <| Y / f1 | <0.8
However,
Y: Maximum image height
fi: focal length of the i-th lens group (i = 1, 2, 3) .
変倍に際し、第1レンズ群は不動であり、第2レンズ群と第3レンズ群とが、物像間距離を変化させないように光軸上を移動し、 During zooming, the first lens group is stationary, and the second lens group and the third lens group move on the optical axis so as not to change the distance between the object images,
上記第1レンズ群は負の単レンズからなり、 The first lens group is composed of a single negative lens,
次の条件式(1)、(2)及び(3)を満足することを特徴とする内視鏡対物変倍光学系。 An endoscope objective variable magnification optical system characterized by satisfying the following conditional expressions (1), (2) and (3):
(1)0.5<Y/f2<0.8(1) 0.5 <Y / f2 <0.8
(2)0.15<|Y/f3|<0.4(2) 0.15 <| Y / f3 | <0.4
(3)0.5<|Y/f1|<0.8(3) 0.5 <| Y / f1 | <0.8
但し、However,
Y:最大像高、Y: Maximum image height
fi:第iレンズ群の焦点距離(i=1,2,3)。fi: focal length of the i-th lens group (i = 1, 2, 3).
Priority Applications (1)
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JP14003199A JP4406112B2 (en) | 1999-05-20 | 1999-05-20 | Endoscope objective variable magnification optical system |
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JP14003199A JP4406112B2 (en) | 1999-05-20 | 1999-05-20 | Endoscope objective variable magnification optical system |
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JP4406112B2 true JP4406112B2 (en) | 2010-01-27 |
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Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6618205B2 (en) * | 2001-05-14 | 2003-09-09 | Pentax Corporation | Endoscope objective optical system |
JP3845331B2 (en) | 2002-04-05 | 2006-11-15 | ペンタックス株式会社 | Endoscope objective optical system |
JP4048904B2 (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2008-02-20 | ソニー株式会社 | Imaging lens |
JP2005055725A (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-03-03 | Sony Corp | Zoom lens and electronic equipment |
JP4827454B2 (en) | 2005-07-22 | 2011-11-30 | キヤノン株式会社 | Zoom lens and imaging apparatus having the same |
JP4777018B2 (en) | 2005-08-26 | 2011-09-21 | キヤノン株式会社 | Zoom lens and imaging apparatus having the same |
JP5430130B2 (en) | 2008-11-27 | 2014-02-26 | キヤノン株式会社 | Zoom lens and imaging apparatus having the same |
JP6195808B2 (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2017-09-13 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Endoscope objective lens and endoscope |
KR102399636B1 (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2022-05-19 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | Camera lens |
CN111630429B (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2022-06-14 | Hoya株式会社 | Zoom optical system for endoscope and endoscope |
JP7285091B2 (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2023-06-01 | 株式会社タムロン | Imaging optical system and imaging device |
CN112305736B (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2022-05-17 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Zoom lens, camera module and electronic device |
-
1999
- 1999-05-20 JP JP14003199A patent/JP4406112B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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