JP4405497B2 - Wood pellet combustion equipment - Google Patents

Wood pellet combustion equipment Download PDF

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JP4405497B2
JP4405497B2 JP2006308103A JP2006308103A JP4405497B2 JP 4405497 B2 JP4405497 B2 JP 4405497B2 JP 2006308103 A JP2006308103 A JP 2006308103A JP 2006308103 A JP2006308103 A JP 2006308103A JP 4405497 B2 JP4405497 B2 JP 4405497B2
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ash
combustion
temperature
grate
wood
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JP2008122015A (en
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義秀 村井
啓太 渡邊
弘美 高橋
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サンポット株式会社
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Description

本発明は、燃料に木質ペレットを用いた暖房機等の燃焼装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus such as a heater using wood pellets as fuel.

近年、石油や石炭等の化石燃料よりもクリーンな燃料であり、更に木材の有効利用等を図ることができる木質ペレットが知られており、木質ペレットを燃料にした暖房機等の燃焼装置が見直されている。   In recent years, wood pellets that are cleaner than fossil fuels such as oil and coal and that can be used more effectively than wood have been known, and combustion devices such as heaters that use wood pellets as fuel have been reviewed. It is.

従来、この種の燃焼装置は、木質ペレットを燃焼させる燃焼部をバーナーとして備え、燃焼部は、その下端部に火格子を備えて火格子上に積載させた木質ペレットを燃焼させるようになっている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。また、木質ペレットの燃焼によって火格子上には灰が堆積した状態となるので、この灰を処理する灰処理部が燃焼部の下方に設けられている。灰処理部には、火格子を構成している複数枚のスリット形成用板の間から火格子上の灰を掻き落とすための灰掻き部材が設けられている。 Conventionally, this type of combustion apparatus is provided with a combustion part that burns wood pellets as a burner, and the combustion part is provided with a grate at its lower end and burns the wood pellets loaded on the grate. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). Further, since the ash is accumulated on the grate due to the burning of the wood pellets, an ash treatment section for treating the ash is provided below the combustion section. Ash processing unit is Haikaki member for scraping off ashes on the grate is provided from between the plurality of slits forming plate constituting the grate.

そして、木質ペレットの燃焼中、灰掻き部材を所定時間毎に作動させて、灰掻き部材の作動により、火格子上に堆積した灰を効率よく燃焼部から排出している。
特開2006−200825号公報
During the burning of the wood pellets, the ash scraping member is operated every predetermined time, and the ash deposited on the grate is efficiently discharged from the combustion section by the operation of the ash scraping member.
JP 2006-200825 A

しかし、木質ペレットが燃焼したことによって火格子上に堆積する灰の量は、木質ペレットの燃焼状態や木質ペレットの種類によって一定の発生量とはならず、例えば、灰が比較的少量であった場合や火格子上からの灰の掻き取り過ぎた場合には、灰処理部近傍で燃焼が行われる。そして、灰処理部近傍で燃焼が行われた場合には、火格子や灰処理部が過剰に加熱され、火格子及び灰処理部に設けられている灰掻き部材等の各部品に比較的早期に腐食が生じる不都合がある。   However, the amount of ash deposited on the grate due to the burning of wood pellets does not become a constant amount depending on the combustion state of the wood pellets and the type of wood pellets, for example, the amount of ash was relatively small If the ash from the grate is excessively scraped, the combustion is performed in the vicinity of the ash treatment unit. When combustion is performed in the vicinity of the ash treatment unit, the grate and the ash treatment unit are excessively heated, and the parts such as the ash scraping member provided in the grate and the ash treatment unit are relatively early. Has the disadvantage of causing corrosion.

かかる不都合を解消して、本発明は、灰処理部近傍での燃焼を防止して、火格子及び灰処理部の耐久性を向上させることができる木質ペレット燃焼装置を提供することを目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a wood pellet combustion apparatus that can eliminate such inconvenience and prevent the combustion in the vicinity of the ash treatment part and improve the durability of the grate and the ash treatment part. .

かかる目的を達成するために、本発明は、木質ペレットを燃焼させる燃焼部と、該燃焼部に木質ペレットを供給する木質ペレット供給手段と、該燃焼部の下端部に設けられて木質ペレット供給手段から供給された木質ペレットを燃焼部内部に積載すべく水平方向に所定の間隙を存して配列させた複数枚のスリット形成用板からなる火格子と、該火格子を介して燃焼部の下方に設けられ、前記木質ペレットの燃焼によって火格子上に発生した灰を除去する灰処理部と、木質ペレットの供給及び燃焼を制御する燃焼制御手段とを備え、該灰処理部は、前記火格子の各スリット形成用板の間隙から灰を掻き落とす金属製の灰掻き部材を備える木質ペレット燃焼装置において、前記燃焼部に設けられ、前記火格子上に所定量の灰が堆積したとき、該灰の上端に対応する位置の燃焼部内の温度を検出する燃焼部内温度検出手段と、前記灰処理部に設けられ、該灰処理部内の温度を検出する灰処理部内温度検出手段と、前記燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が予め設定された第1の設定温度以下であるとき、前記灰掻き部材による灰掻き動作を開始させ、この灰掻き動作中に前記灰処理部内温度検出手段の検出温度が予め設定された第2の設定温度以上となったとき、灰掻き動作を停止させる灰処理制御手段とを設けたことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides a combustion section for burning wood pellets, a wood pellet supply means for supplying wood pellets to the combustion section, and a wood pellet supply means provided at the lower end of the combustion section. A grate composed of a plurality of slit forming plates arranged with a predetermined gap in the horizontal direction so as to load the wood pellets supplied from the inside of the combustion part, and below the combustion part via the grate An ash treatment unit that removes ash generated on the grate by combustion of the wood pellets, and combustion control means for controlling the supply and combustion of the wood pellets, the ash treatment unit comprising the grate in wood pellet combustion apparatus comprising a metallic Haikaki member for scraping off the ashes from the gap of each slit forming plate, it is provided in the combustion unit, when a predetermined amount of ash in the fire on the grid is deposited, the ash Combustion section temperature detection means for detecting the temperature in the combustion section at a position corresponding to the upper end, ash processing section temperature detection means for detecting the temperature in the ash processing section provided in the ash processing section, and the combustion section temperature detection When the detected temperature of the means is equal to or lower than the first preset temperature set in advance, the ash scraping operation by the ash scraping member is started, and the detected temperature of the ash treatment unit internal temperature detecting means is set in advance during the ash scraping operation Ash treatment control means for stopping the ash scraping operation when the temperature becomes equal to or higher than the second set temperature is provided.

前記燃焼部における木質ペレットの燃焼が進行するに従って、燃焼部に供給された木質ペレットが灰となり、この灰が火格子上に堆積する。火格子上に堆積する灰が前記所定量を越えると、前記燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が灰の断熱作用によって低下する。このことから、燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が灰の断熱作用を受けた場合の温度を第1の設定温度とすることにより、燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が第1の設定温度以下であるとき、火格子上に堆積する灰が前記所定量を越えたことが確認できる。そこで、前記灰処理制御手段は、前記燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が第1の設定温度以下であるとき、前記灰掻き部材による灰掻き動作を開始させる。これにより、火格子上に堆積する灰が前記所定量を越えたことを精度良く検出することができ、燃焼部内に多く堆積した灰を円滑に排出することができる。   As the combustion of the wood pellets in the combustion section proceeds, the wood pellets supplied to the combustion section become ash, and this ash accumulates on the grate. When the ash deposited on the grate exceeds the predetermined amount, the temperature detected by the in-combustion-part temperature detecting means is lowered by the heat insulating action of the ash. From this, the temperature when the temperature detected by the in-combustion section temperature detecting means is subjected to the heat insulation of ash is set to the first set temperature, so that the detected temperature of the in-combustion section temperature detecting means is equal to or lower than the first set temperature. At some point, it can be confirmed that the ash deposited on the grate has exceeded the predetermined amount. Therefore, the ash treatment control means starts the ash scraping operation by the ash scraping member when the temperature detected by the in-combustion temperature detecting means is not higher than the first set temperature. As a result, it is possible to accurately detect that the amount of ash deposited on the grate exceeds the predetermined amount, and it is possible to smoothly discharge a large amount of ash deposited in the combustion section.

一方、灰掻き部材による灰掻き動作を行うことにより、火格子上に堆積する灰の量は次第に少なくなっていく。燃焼部内では、堆積する灰の上層部から炎が形成されるので、灰の量が少なくなるに従って火格子と炎との距離が小さくなり、該火格子及び火格子の下方に位置する灰処理部の温度が上昇する。前記灰処理制御手段は、灰掻き動作中に前記灰処理部内温度検出手段の検出温度が第2の設定温度以上となったとき、灰掻き動作を停止させる。これにより、火格子及び灰掻き部材等の灰処理部の各構成部品が過剰に加熱されることが防止でき、火格子及び灰処理部の各構成部品の耐久性を向上させることができる。   On the other hand, by performing the ash scraping operation by the ash scraping member, the amount of ash deposited on the grate gradually decreases. In the combustion part, since a flame is formed from the upper layer part of the deposited ash, the distance between the grate and the flame becomes smaller as the amount of ash decreases, and the ash treatment part located below the grate and the grate Temperature rises. The ash treatment control unit stops the ash scraping operation when the temperature detected by the ash treatment unit internal temperature detection unit becomes equal to or higher than a second set temperature during the ash scraping operation. Thereby, it can prevent that each component of ash processing parts, such as a grate and an ash scraping member, is heated excessively, and can improve durability of each component of a grate and an ash processing part.

また、本発明において、前記灰処理制御手段は、前記燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が前記第1の設定温度より大であり且つ前記灰処理部内温度検出手段の検出温度が前記第2の設定温度以上ある場合には前記灰掻き部材による灰掻き動作を行わず、前記燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が前記第1の設定温度より大であり且つ前記灰処理部内温度検出手段の検出温度が前記第2の設定温度より小である場合に前記灰掻き部材による所定の灰掻き動作を行うように制御することを特徴とする。   Also, in the present invention, the ash treatment control means is configured such that the detected temperature of the combustion section internal temperature detection means is higher than the first set temperature and the detected temperature of the ash treatment section internal temperature detection means is the second set temperature. When the temperature is equal to or higher than the temperature, the ash scraping operation by the ash scraping member is not performed, the detection temperature of the combustion section internal temperature detection means is higher than the first set temperature, and the detection temperature of the ash treatment section internal temperature detection means is When the temperature is lower than the second set temperature, the ash scraping member is controlled to perform a predetermined ash scraping operation.

前記燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が予め設定された第1の設定温度より大であるときには、燃焼部内における炎の位置が低く、火格子上に堆積する灰が所定量に満たない状態であることが確認できる。従ってこの時点で、灰処理部内温度検出手段の検出温度が予め設定された第2の設定温度以上あるときには、灰掻き動作を行うことによって灰の掻き取り過ぎ等が生じるおそれがある。そこで、この場合には、前記灰処理制御手段は、灰掻き動作を行わないように制御することで、火格子及び灰処理部への熱による悪影響を確実に防止することができる。一方、前記燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が前記第1の設定温度より大であっても、前記灰処理部内温度検出手段の検出温度が前記第2の設定温度より小である場合には、火格子上に堆積する灰の断熱作用によって火格子及び灰処理部への熱の影響が少ない状態にあるので、灰掻き動作を行って燃焼部内の灰を排出することができる。   When the temperature detected by the in-combustion-part temperature detecting means is higher than a preset first set temperature, the position of the flame in the in-combustion part is low, and the ash deposited on the grate is less than a predetermined amount. I can confirm that. Therefore, at this time, if the temperature detected by the ash treatment section internal temperature detecting means is equal to or higher than the second preset temperature, the ash scraping operation may cause excessive ash scraping. Therefore, in this case, the ash treatment control means can reliably prevent adverse effects due to heat on the grate and the ash treatment unit by controlling so as not to perform the ash scraping operation. On the other hand, even if the detected temperature of the in-combustion-part temperature detecting means is higher than the first set temperature, the detected temperature of the in-ash processing part temperature detecting means is lower than the second set temperature. Since the heat effect of the ash deposited on the grate is less affected by the heat to the grate and the ash treatment unit, the ash in the combustion unit can be discharged by performing the ash scraping operation.

また、本発明において、前記灰処理制御手段は、前記燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が前記第1の設定温度以下であるとき、前記灰掻き部材による灰掻き動作を開始させ、この灰掻き動作中に前記灰処理部内温度検出手段の検出温度が前記第2の設定温度より小であり且つ前記燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が予め前記第1の設定温度よりも低い温度に設定された第3の設定温度以下であるとき、前記燃焼制御手段を介して燃焼を停止させるように制御することを特徴とする。   Further, in the present invention, the ash treatment control means starts the ash scraping operation by the ash scraping member when the detected temperature of the combustion section internal temperature detection means is equal to or lower than the first set temperature, and this ash scraping operation The detected temperature of the ash treatment unit temperature detection means is lower than the second set temperature, and the detection temperature of the combustion unit temperature detection means is preset to a temperature lower than the first set temperature in advance. When the temperature is equal to or lower than a preset temperature of 3, control is performed so as to stop combustion via the combustion control means.

灰掻き動作中に燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が前記第3の設定温度以下となった場合には、火格子上の灰の堆積量が減少しているにもかかわらず、燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が極めて低くなっている状態である。この場合には、木質ペレットの燃焼が良好に行われていないことが考えられるので、前記灰処理部内温度検出手段の検出温度が前記第2の設定温度より小であって、火格子上に堆積する灰の断熱作用によって火格子や灰処理部への熱の影響が少ない状態にあっても、前記灰処理制御手段は、前記燃焼制御手段を介して燃焼を停止させる。これにより、迅速に燃焼運転を停止させ、燃焼異常を防止することができる。   When the detected temperature of the combustion section temperature detection means becomes equal to or lower than the third set temperature during the ash scraping operation, the combustion section temperature detection is performed even though the amount of ash deposited on the grate is reduced. The detected temperature of the means is extremely low. In this case, it is considered that the wood pellets are not burned well, so that the temperature detected by the ash treatment unit temperature detection means is lower than the second set temperature, and is deposited on the grate. The ash treatment control means stops the combustion through the combustion control means even in a state where the heat effect on the grate and the ash treatment part is small due to the heat insulation action of the ash. Thereby, combustion operation can be stopped quickly and combustion abnormality can be prevented.

本発明の一実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図1及び図2に示すように、本実施形態の木質ペレット燃焼装置1は、直方体状の筐体2を備える暖房機であり、筐体2内の下部に木質ペレット3を収納する燃料収納室4を備え、燃料収納室4の上部には燃焼室5が設けられている。燃焼室5の下部には木質ペレット3を燃料として燃焼させるバーナー部6(燃焼部)が設けられており、筐体2の燃料収納室4と燃焼室5の背面側には、木質ペレット3をバーナー部6に供給する燃料供給手段7が設けられている。   An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the wood pellet combustion apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is a heater including a rectangular parallelepiped casing 2, and a fuel storage chamber in which the wood pellets 3 are stored in the lower part of the casing 2. 4 and a combustion chamber 5 is provided above the fuel storage chamber 4. A burner section 6 (combustion section) for burning the wood pellets 3 as fuel is provided at the lower part of the combustion chamber 5, and the wood pellets 3 are placed on the back side of the fuel storage chamber 4 and the combustion chamber 5 of the housing 2. Fuel supply means 7 for supplying to the burner section 6 is provided.

燃料収納室4の上部には、引き出し自在なストーカー8が設けられており、引き出したストーカー8を介して木質ペレット3が燃料収納室4内に補給される。燃料収納室4内には、コイル状の燃料攪拌部材9と、燃料攪拌部材9を回転させる攪拌モータ10とが設けられており、燃料攪拌部材9の回転によって木質ペレット3を燃料供給手段7に円滑に送り込むようになっている。   A stalker 8 that can be pulled out is provided in the upper part of the fuel storage chamber 4, and the wood pellet 3 is supplied into the fuel storage chamber 4 through the stalker 8 that is pulled out. A coil-shaped fuel agitating member 9 and an agitating motor 10 for rotating the fuel agitating member 9 are provided in the fuel storage chamber 4, and the wood pellet 3 is transferred to the fuel supply means 7 by the rotation of the fuel agitating member 9. It is designed to feed smoothly.

燃料供給手段7は、筐体2内の背面側の中央部に上下方向に設置した燃料供給筒11と、燃料供給筒11内で回転するスクリュー12とを備えている。スクリュー12は駆動用モータ13により回転駆動され、木質ペレット3を燃料供給筒11の上方に向かって搬送する。スクリュー12によって燃料供給筒11の上部に搬送された木質ペレット3は燃料供給筒11に連設された投入筒14に案内されてバーナー部6に投入される。   The fuel supply means 7 includes a fuel supply cylinder 11 installed in the vertical direction at the center on the back side in the housing 2, and a screw 12 that rotates within the fuel supply cylinder 11. The screw 12 is rotationally driven by a driving motor 13 to convey the wood pellet 3 toward the upper side of the fuel supply cylinder 11. The wood pellets 3 conveyed to the upper part of the fuel supply cylinder 11 by the screw 12 are guided to an input cylinder 14 provided continuously to the fuel supply cylinder 11 and are input to the burner section 6.

なお、図1において符号15で示すものは、燃料攪拌部材9の先端部近傍における木質ペレット3の有無を検出するセンサであり、図1において符号16で示すものは、木質ペレット3の残量を検知するセンサである。   1 is a sensor for detecting the presence or absence of the wood pellet 3 in the vicinity of the tip of the fuel agitating member 9, and what is denoted by the reference numeral 16 in FIG. It is a sensor to detect.

木質ペレット3は、原料である木材の小片や樹皮を均一な粒子サイズに粉砕して水分含有率を8〜12%まで乾燥し、これを成型機で直径6〜8mm、長さ15mm程度の円筒状に成型固化した固体燃料である。本実施形態では、木質ペレット3として樹皮系ペレット(バークペレット)を用いたが、木質部ペレット(ホワイトペレット)や木ペレットを用いてもよい。   The wood pellet 3 is a cylinder having a diameter of about 6 to 8 mm and a length of about 15 mm using a molding machine after pulverizing small pieces of wood and bark, which are raw materials, to a uniform particle size and drying the moisture content to 8 to 12%. It is a solid fuel molded and solidified into a shape. In the present embodiment, a bark-based pellet (bark pellet) is used as the wood pellet 3, but a wood part pellet (white pellet) or a wood pellet may be used.

燃焼室5の前面側の一部には、バーナー部6で木質ペレット3を燃焼させているときの炎17が外から見えるように、透明な耐熱ガラス18が取付けられている。また、燃焼室5内の上部には複数の放熱管19が配置されている。放熱管19の上方には、燃焼室5と連通する排気室20が設けられている。排気室20には燃焼室5の排ガスを排気する排気筒21が接続されている。排気筒21には、図示しないが、室外に伸びる給排気筒に備える排気路が接続されている。   A transparent heat-resistant glass 18 is attached to a part of the front side of the combustion chamber 5 so that the flame 17 when the wood pellet 3 is burned by the burner portion 6 can be seen from the outside. A plurality of heat radiating pipes 19 are arranged in the upper part of the combustion chamber 5. An exhaust chamber 20 communicating with the combustion chamber 5 is provided above the heat radiating pipe 19. An exhaust cylinder 21 for exhausting exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 5 is connected to the exhaust chamber 20. Although not shown, the exhaust pipe 21 is connected to an exhaust path provided in an air supply / exhaust pipe extending outside the room.

燃焼室5および排気室20の上面、背面、左右側面を断熱板22で囲い、燃焼室5及び排気室20と断熱板22との間に形成される空間を温風通路23としている。燃焼室5の背面外側には対流用ファン24が設けられている。対流用ファン24は対流用モータ25の駆動により温風通路23に対流を形成し、燃焼室5及び排気室20により加熱された温風を、筐体2の前面側に形成された吹き出し口26から送り出す。吹き出し口26には、温風の向きを調節する複数のルーバー27が設けられている。   The upper surface, the rear surface, and the left and right side surfaces of the combustion chamber 5 and the exhaust chamber 20 are surrounded by a heat insulating plate 22, and a space formed between the combustion chamber 5 and the exhaust chamber 20 and the heat insulating plate 22 is a hot air passage 23. A convection fan 24 is provided outside the back surface of the combustion chamber 5. The convection fan 24 forms convection in the warm air passage 23 by driving the convection motor 25, and blows out the warm air heated by the combustion chamber 5 and the exhaust chamber 20 on the front side of the housing 2. To send out. The outlet 26 is provided with a plurality of louvers 27 that adjust the direction of the warm air.

また、図2に示すように、断熱板22の側部内面には、温風通路23内の温風の温度を検出する対流温度センサ28が設けられており、排気筒21には、排気温度を検出する排気温度センサ29が設けられている。更に、図1に示すように、筐体2の背面には、室温を検出する室温センサ30が設けられている。   Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a convection temperature sensor 28 for detecting the temperature of the hot air in the hot air passage 23 is provided on the inner surface of the side portion of the heat insulating plate 22. An exhaust gas temperature sensor 29 for detecting the above is provided. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a room temperature sensor 30 for detecting the room temperature is provided on the back surface of the housing 2.

バーナー部6は、図3及び図5に示すように、箱状のバーナーケース31と、バーナーケース31内に収納された角筒状の燃焼筒32と、燃焼筒32の上方に連続して設けられ、燃料供給手段7の投入筒14から供給される木質ペレット3を上部から取り入れるホッパー33とを備えている。バーナーケース31と燃焼筒32及びホッパー33との間には空気通路34が設けられており、燃焼筒32及びホッパー33には空気通路34に連通する複数の通気孔35が形成されている。空気通路34は、バーナーケース31の背面側に延びる送気管36(図1及び図5参照)に接続されており、送気管36から送られる燃焼用空気を通気孔35を介して燃焼筒32に供給する。更に、図1及び図5に示すように、バーナーケース31の前面側には空気通路34に連通する通風筒37が接続されている。通風筒37は、燃焼室5の前面に取付けた前記耐熱ガラス21の背面に空気を案内する。   As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the burner unit 6 is provided continuously above the box-shaped burner case 31, the rectangular cylinder-shaped combustion cylinder 32 housed in the burner case 31, and the combustion cylinder 32. And a hopper 33 for taking in the wood pellet 3 supplied from the charging cylinder 14 of the fuel supply means 7 from above. An air passage 34 is provided between the burner case 31 and the combustion cylinder 32 and the hopper 33, and a plurality of vent holes 35 communicating with the air passage 34 are formed in the combustion cylinder 32 and the hopper 33. The air passage 34 is connected to an air supply pipe 36 (see FIGS. 1 and 5) extending to the back side of the burner case 31, and combustion air sent from the air supply pipe 36 is transferred to the combustion cylinder 32 through the vent hole 35. Supply. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, a ventilating cylinder 37 communicating with the air passage 34 is connected to the front side of the burner case 31. The ventilation tube 37 guides air to the back surface of the heat-resistant glass 21 attached to the front surface of the combustion chamber 5.

送気管36は、図2に示すように、筐体2内の背面側に設置された送風機38に接続されており、送風機38の駆動によって吸気筒39から吸気される。吸気筒39は、前述した給排気筒に備える吸気路が接続されており、この給排気筒を通して室外から外気を取り入れる。また、図5に示すように、燃焼筒32の前面側には、木質ペレット3に点火する点火ヒータ40が設けられている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the air supply pipe 36 is connected to a blower 38 installed on the back side in the housing 2, and is sucked from an intake cylinder 39 by driving the blower 38. The intake cylinder 39 is connected to an intake passage provided in the above-described supply / exhaust cylinder, and takes outside air from the outside through the supply / exhaust cylinder. As shown in FIG. 5, an ignition heater 40 for igniting the wood pellet 3 is provided on the front side of the combustion cylinder 32.

燃焼筒32の下端には、図5に示すように、火格子41が設けられている。火格子41は、水平方向に所定の間隙を存して配列された複数枚のスリット形成用板42を備え、ホッパー33を介して投入された木質ペレット3を燃焼筒32内に積載する。火格子41に積載された木質ペレット3は、燃焼筒32内で点火ヒータ40により点火され燃焼される。 As shown in FIG. 5, a grate 41 is provided at the lower end of the combustion cylinder 32. The grate 41 includes a plurality of slit-forming plates 42 arranged with a predetermined gap in the horizontal direction, and loads the wood pellets 3 introduced through the hopper 33 into the combustion cylinder 32. The wood pellets 3 loaded on the grate 41 are ignited and burned by the ignition heater 40 in the combustion cylinder 32.

また、図3に示すように、燃焼筒32の下方には、木質ペレット3の燃焼によって火格子41上に溜まった灰を除去する灰処理手段43(灰処理部)が設けられている。灰処理手段43は、図3に示すように、水平方向に互いに間隔を存して設けられた複数本(本例では2本)の灰掻き部材44と、灰掻き部材44の下方に設けられた同数本(本例では2本)の補助灰掻き部材45とを備えている。灰掻き部材44は、燃焼筒32の下部の火格子41を囲む枠体46内に略上半部が収容され、補助灰掻き部材45は、バーナーケース31の底部の下方に設けられた上面開口の灰処理箱47内に収容されている。   As shown in FIG. 3, an ash treatment means 43 (ash treatment unit) is provided below the combustion cylinder 32 to remove the ash accumulated on the grate 41 by the combustion of the wood pellets 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the ash treatment means 43 is provided below a plurality of (two in this example) ash scraping members 44 spaced apart from each other in the horizontal direction and the ash scraping member 44. The same number (two in this example) of auxiliary ash scraping members 45 are provided. The ash scraping member 44 is accommodated in a substantially upper half portion in a frame 46 surrounding the grate 41 at the lower part of the combustion cylinder 32, and the auxiliary ash scraping member 45 is an upper surface opening provided below the bottom of the burner case 31. Is housed in an ash treatment box 47.

灰掻き部材44は、図3乃至図5に示すように、枠体46に回転自在に取付けられた回転軸48と、該回転軸48に連結支持され、外周に複数の凹凸が形成された複数の金属製の羽根板49とによって構成されている。灰掻き部材44の各羽根板49は火格子41のスリット形成用板42の間に位置し、両灰掻き部材44の隣り合う羽根板49同士が互い違いに挿入されている。 As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the ash scraping member 44 includes a rotating shaft 48 that is rotatably attached to the frame body 46, and a plurality of undulations that are connected and supported by the rotating shaft 48 and have a plurality of irregularities on the outer periphery. And a metal vane plate 49. Each blade 49 of the ash scraping member 44 is located between the slit forming plates 42 of the grate 41, and the adjacent blades 49 of both ash scraping members 44 are inserted alternately.

両灰掻き部材44は、図4及び図5に示すように、回転軸48の一端側に取付けたギア50同士で連結されており、一方の回転軸48には灰処理用モータ51が接続されている。灰処理用モータ51により一方の灰掻き部材44を回転すると、ギア50を介して他方の灰掻き部材44が回転する。灰処理用モータ51は正逆方向に回転可能であり、これによって、2本の灰掻き部材44を、対向する側が上から下に移動する向きの内回り方向と、対向する側が下から上に移動する向きの外回り方向とで選択的に回転させることができるようになっている。   As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the two ash scraping members 44 are connected by gears 50 attached to one end side of the rotary shaft 48, and the ash treatment motor 51 is connected to one rotary shaft 48. ing. When one ash scraping member 44 is rotated by the ash treatment motor 51, the other ash scraping member 44 is rotated via the gear 50. The ash treatment motor 51 can be rotated in the forward and reverse directions, thereby moving the two ash scraping members 44 in an inward direction in which the opposite side moves from top to bottom and the opposite side from bottom to top. It can be selectively rotated in the outward direction of the direction to be performed.

灰掻き部材44は、火格子41上に積載された木質ペレット3の燃焼中、灰処理用モータ51によって所定のタイミングで回転され、火格子41のスリット形成用板42間に挿入した羽根板49で火格子41上に溜まった灰を灰処理箱47に掻き落とす。 The ash scraping member 44 is rotated at a predetermined timing by the ash processing motor 51 during combustion of the wood pellets 3 loaded on the grate 41 and is inserted between the slit forming plates 42 of the grate 41. The ash collected on the grate 41 is scraped off into the ash processing box 47.

補助灰掻き部材45は、図3及び図5に示すように、灰処理箱47に回転自在に取付けられた回転軸52と、回転軸52の両端部に固定された一対の円板53の間に差し渡された複数のブレード54とによって構成されている。各ブレード54間にはV字状の溝が形成され、この溝に灰掻き部材44の羽根板49の凸部が入り込んで係合する。これにより、2本の灰掻き部材44が回転したとき、その回転に追従して補助灰掻き部材45が回転する。   As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the auxiliary ash scraping member 45 is provided between a rotary shaft 52 rotatably attached to the ash treatment box 47 and a pair of disks 53 fixed to both ends of the rotary shaft 52. And a plurality of blades 54 passed to each other. A V-shaped groove is formed between the blades 54, and the convex portion of the blade plate 49 of the ash scraping member 44 enters and engages with the groove. Thereby, when the two ash scraping members 44 rotate, the auxiliary ash scraping member 45 rotates following the rotation.

灰処理箱47は、図3に示すように、断面略W字状の周壁を備え、周壁の一部に灰の排出口55が形成されている。灰処理箱47の下方には、図1に示すように、排出口55から排出される灰を収容する灰回収容器56が、筐体2から取り出し自在に設けられている。そして、図3を参照すれば、灰処理時に、灰掻き部材44が回転すると、この回転によって補助灰掻き部材45も従動回転する。このとき、灰掻き部材44によって火格子41上から掻き落とされた燃焼筒32内の灰が、補助灰掻き部材45のブレード54間に受け入れられ、更に、補助灰掻き部材45の回転によって灰処理箱47内の灰がその底部の排出口55から強制的に灰回収容器56に排出される。   As shown in FIG. 3, the ash treatment box 47 includes a peripheral wall having a substantially W-shaped cross section, and an ash discharge port 55 is formed in a part of the peripheral wall. As shown in FIG. 1, an ash collection container 56 that stores ash discharged from the discharge port 55 is provided below the ash treatment box 47 so as to be removable from the housing 2. Referring to FIG. 3, when the ash scraping member 44 rotates during the ash treatment, the auxiliary ash scraping member 45 is also driven to rotate by this rotation. At this time, the ash in the combustion cylinder 32 scraped off from the grate 41 by the ash scraping member 44 is received between the blades 54 of the auxiliary ash scraping member 45, and further, the ash treatment is performed by the rotation of the auxiliary ash scraping member 45. The ash in the box 47 is forcibly discharged to the ash collection container 56 from the discharge port 55 at the bottom.

また、図3及び図5に示すように、燃焼筒32の上端近傍位置であって、火格子41上に溜まった灰が燃焼筒32内において所定の高さとなったときに当該灰の上面に対応する位置(本実施形態では燃焼筒32とホッパー33との境界近傍部分)に、バーナー部温度センサ57(燃焼部内温度検出手段)が設けられている。更に、灰処理手段43の灰処理箱47の側壁に、灰処理部温度センサ58(灰処理部内温度検出手段)が設けられている。   Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, when the ash accumulated on the grate 41 at a position near the upper end of the combustion cylinder 32 reaches a predetermined height in the combustion cylinder 32, A burner section temperature sensor 57 (combustion section internal temperature detection means) is provided at a corresponding position (in the present embodiment, a portion in the vicinity of the boundary between the combustion cylinder 32 and the hopper 33). Further, an ash processing unit temperature sensor 58 (ash processing unit internal temperature detection unit) is provided on the side wall of the ash processing box 47 of the ash processing unit 43.

そして、図1に示すように、木質ペレット燃焼装置1の運転を制御する制御手段59が設けられている。制御手段59は、マイクロコンピュータにより構成され、木質ペレット3の燃焼運転を制御する燃焼制御部60と、木質ペレット3の燃焼によって生じる灰の処理動作を制御する灰処理制御部61(灰処理制御手段)とを備えている。   And the control means 59 which controls the driving | operation of the wood pellet combustion apparatus 1 is provided as shown in FIG. The control means 59 is constituted by a microcomputer, and includes a combustion control section 60 that controls the combustion operation of the wood pellets 3 and an ash treatment control section 61 that controls the processing operation of ash generated by the combustion of the wood pellets 3 (ash treatment control means). ).

燃焼制御部60は、図示しない運転スイッチが使用者によってONされると、先ず、点火ヒータ40による予熱動作やバーナー部6への木質ペレット3の供給を開始し、バーナー部6における木質ペレット3の点火動作を経て予備的燃焼動作を行う。なお、木質ペレット燃焼装置1は、木質ペレット3を燃料としているので、例えば石油を燃料とする場合に比べ、即着火が望めない。そのため、燃焼制御部60は、暖房動作となる本燃焼に先立って、予備的燃焼動作が行われる。また、予備的燃焼動作において燃焼された木質ペレット3の灰が火格子41上に堆積するので、燃焼制御部60は灰処理制御部61に指令して予備的燃焼動作用の灰処理動作を行う。灰処理制御部61は、予備的燃焼動作時の灰処理動作として予め設定された手順で灰処理を行い、本実施形態においては、灰処理用モータ51を駆動して、2本の灰掻き部材44を互いに外回り(図3において左の灰掻き部材44を左回転、右の灰掻き部材44を右回転)に4秒間回転させて掻きならし、火格子41上に供給される木質ペレット3を分散して均一化すると共に、灰を掻き取る動作を行う。   When an operation switch (not shown) is turned on by the user, the combustion control unit 60 first starts preheating operation by the ignition heater 40 and supply of the wood pellet 3 to the burner unit 6. A preliminary combustion operation is performed through the ignition operation. In addition, since the wood pellet combustion apparatus 1 uses the wood pellet 3 as a fuel, for example, compared with the case where oil is used as a fuel, an immediate ignition cannot be expected. Therefore, the combustion control unit 60 performs a preliminary combustion operation prior to the main combustion that is the heating operation. Moreover, since the ash of the wood pellet 3 combusted in the preliminary combustion operation accumulates on the grate 41, the combustion control unit 60 instructs the ash processing control unit 61 to perform the ash processing operation for the preliminary combustion operation. . The ash treatment control unit 61 performs ash treatment according to a procedure set in advance as an ash treatment operation during the preliminary combustion operation. In the present embodiment, the ash treatment motor 51 is driven to drive two ash scraping members. 44 are rotated around each other (in FIG. 3, the left ash scraping member 44 is rotated counterclockwise and the right ash scraping member 44 is rotated clockwise) for 4 seconds, and the wood pellets 3 supplied onto the grate 41 are Disperses and homogenizes and scrapes ash.

次いで、燃焼制御部60は、予備的燃焼動作を行った後、本燃焼動作を行う。本燃焼動作においては、燃焼制御部60は、前記各温度センサ等の情報に基づき前記各モータ等の作動制御を行い、バーナー部6において良好な燃焼状態を維持することによって効率のよい暖房運転を行う。   Next, the combustion control unit 60 performs the main combustion operation after performing the preliminary combustion operation. In the main combustion operation, the combustion control unit 60 controls the operation of the motors and the like based on the information from the temperature sensors and the like, and maintains a good combustion state in the burner unit 6 for efficient heating operation. Do.

図6に示すように、燃焼制御部60は、暖房運転を行うとき、弱運転から強運転までが制御レベル1(最小レベル)〜6(最大レベル)の6段階の制御レベルで設定されている。制御レベル1は、最小の弱運転時における制御レベルであり、レベルが上がるに連れて中から強運転時における制御レベルとなり、制御レベル6が最大の強運転時における制御レベルである。よって、制御レベル1(最小レベル)では、送風機38(BM)とスクリュー12の駆動用モータ13(PM)は最小の回転数で回転駆動され、制御レベル6(最大レベル)では、送風機38(BM)とスクリュー12の駆動用モータ13(PM)は最大の回転数で回転駆動される。即ち、制御レベル1における燃焼用空気の供給量と木質ペレット3の供給量は最小となり、制御レベル6における燃焼用空気の供給量と木質ペレット3の供給量は最大となる。   As shown in FIG. 6, when performing the heating operation, the combustion control unit 60 is set with six control levels from control level 1 (minimum level) to 6 (maximum level) from weak operation to strong operation. . The control level 1 is a control level at the time of the minimum weak operation, and becomes a control level at the time of the medium to strong operation as the level increases, and the control level 6 is a control level at the time of the maximum strong operation. Therefore, at the control level 1 (minimum level), the blower 38 (BM) and the drive motor 13 (PM) for the screw 12 are rotationally driven at the minimum rotational speed, and at the control level 6 (maximum level), the blower 38 (BM). ) And the drive motor 13 (PM) for the screw 12 are driven to rotate at the maximum rotational speed. That is, the supply amount of combustion air and the supply amount of wood pellets 3 at the control level 1 are minimized, and the supply amount of combustion air and the supply amount of wood pellets 3 at the control level 6 are maximized.

本燃焼中においては、木質ペレット3の燃焼によって大量の灰が発生することにより、連続して本燃焼を行うには発生する灰をバーナー部6から効率よく排出する処理を行う必要がある。そこで、詳しくは後述するように、灰処理制御部61によって本燃焼時における灰処理動作を行う。   During the main combustion, a large amount of ash is generated by the combustion of the wood pellets 3, and thus it is necessary to perform a process for efficiently discharging the generated ash from the burner unit 6 in order to perform the main combustion continuously. Therefore, as will be described in detail later, the ash processing operation during the main combustion is performed by the ash processing control unit 61.

その後、図示しない運転スイッチが使用者によってOFFされるか、又は、燃焼制御部60が燃焼の異常を検知すると、燃焼制御部60は消火動作を行う。消火動作においては、本燃焼の状態から木質ペレット3の供給を停止して燃焼筒32内に残っている未燃焼の木質ペレット3を完全に燃焼させ、その灰を回収処理して運転を停止させる。   Thereafter, when an operation switch (not shown) is turned off by the user or the combustion control unit 60 detects an abnormality in combustion, the combustion control unit 60 performs a fire extinguishing operation. In the fire extinguishing operation, the supply of the wood pellets 3 is stopped from the state of the main combustion, the unburned wood pellets 3 remaining in the combustion cylinder 32 are completely burned, the ash is recovered, and the operation is stopped. .

次に、本燃焼時における灰処理制御部61による灰処理動作を詳しく説明する。灰処理制御部61は、図7に示すように、STEP1において本燃焼が開始されると、STEP2において本燃焼時間Tの計時を開始し、STEP3へ進む。本燃焼時間Tの計時は、制御手段59に内蔵された時計により行われる。STEP3においては、本燃焼時間Tが、予め設定された所定の時間tになると(T≧t)、STEP4へ進む。所定の時間tは、図6に示すように、制御レベルに応じて予め定められた灰処理周期の間隔時間であり、例えば、最小の弱運転時の制御レベル1では時間tが4分に設定されている。なお、図6において示す灰処理周期(t)は、樹皮系ペレット(バークペレット)を用いた場合の灰処理周期を示しているが、灰処理周期(t)は木質ペレット3の種類毎に設定されるものである。   Next, the ash processing operation by the ash processing control unit 61 during the main combustion will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 7, when the main combustion is started in STEP 1, the ash treatment control unit 61 starts measuring the main combustion time T in STEP 2 and proceeds to STEP 3. The main combustion time T is measured by a clock built in the control means 59. In STEP3, when the main combustion time T reaches a predetermined time t set in advance (T ≧ t), the process proceeds to STEP4. As shown in FIG. 6, the predetermined time t is an interval time of an ash treatment cycle that is determined in advance according to the control level. For example, the time t is set to 4 minutes at the minimum control level 1 during weak operation. Has been. In addition, although the ash processing period (t) shown in FIG. 6 has shown the ash processing period at the time of using a bark-type pellet (bark pellet), the ash processing period (t) is set for every kind of the wood pellet 3 It is what is done.

次いで、図7においてSTEP4では本燃焼時間Tの計時を停止させ、STEP5へ進む。STEP5においては、バーナー部温度センサ57(BTH1)の検出温度が第1の設定温度より高い場合にSTEP6へ進む。バーナー部温度センサ57(BTH1)における第1の設定温度は、図6に示すように、制御レベルに応じて予め定められている。そして、バーナー部温度センサ57の検出温度が第1の設定温度より高い場合とは、バーナー部温度センサ57が燃焼筒32内の炎により加熱を受けている状態であって、通常の燃焼状態を示している。   Next, in STEP 4 in FIG. 7, the measurement of the main combustion time T is stopped, and the process proceeds to STEP 5. In STEP5, when the detected temperature of the burner part temperature sensor 57 (BTH1) is higher than the first set temperature, the process proceeds to STEP6. The first set temperature in the burner temperature sensor 57 (BTH1) is predetermined according to the control level as shown in FIG. The case where the detected temperature of the burner part temperature sensor 57 is higher than the first set temperature is a state in which the burner part temperature sensor 57 is heated by the flame in the combustion cylinder 32, and the normal combustion state is assumed. Show.

図7においてSTEP6では、灰処理部温度センサ58(BTH2)の検出温度が第2の設定温度より低い場合にSTEP7へ進む。灰処理部温度センサ58(BTH2)における第2の設定温度は、図6に示すように、制御レベルに応じて予め定められている。そして、灰処理部温度センサ58の検出温度が第2の設定温度より低い場合とは、燃焼筒32内に堆積した灰の断熱作用によって、灰処理部温度センサ58が燃焼筒32内の炎による加熱を受けていない状態であって、灰処理手段43への熱の影響が小さい状態を示している。   In STEP 6 in FIG. 7, when the temperature detected by the ash treatment unit temperature sensor 58 (BTH2) is lower than the second set temperature, the process proceeds to STEP 7. The second set temperature in the ash treatment unit temperature sensor 58 (BTH2) is predetermined according to the control level as shown in FIG. When the detected temperature of the ash treatment unit temperature sensor 58 is lower than the second set temperature, the ash treatment unit temperature sensor 58 is caused by the flame in the combustion cylinder 32 due to the heat insulating action of the ash accumulated in the combustion cylinder 32. It shows a state where the heating is not received and the influence of heat on the ash treatment means 43 is small.

次いで、図7においてSTEP7では、第1の灰処理動作を行う。第1の灰処理動作は、本実施形態においては、図8に示すように、灰処理用モータ51の回転方向の切り替えにより、最初に灰掻き部材44を互いに外回り(図3において右の灰掻き部材44を右回転、左の灰掻き部材44を左回転)に5秒間回転(STEP7−1)、次に灰掻き部材44を互いに内回りに7秒間回転(STEP7−2)、次に灰掻き部材44を互いに外回りに5秒間回転(STEP7−3)、最後に灰掻き部材44を互いに内回りに7秒間回転(STEP7−4)させ、計24秒の灰掻き動作を行う。灰掻き部材44によって火格子41から掻き落された灰は、補助灰掻き部材45によって灰処理箱47の排出口55に強制的に移送されて、排出口55から灰回収容器56に排出される。   Next, in STEP 7 in FIG. 7, a first ash treatment operation is performed. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the first ash processing operation is performed by first turning the ash scraping members 44 outwardly by switching the rotation direction of the ash processing motor 51 (right ash scraping in FIG. 3). Rotate the member 44 to the right, rotate the left ash scraping member 44 to the left) for 5 seconds (STEP 7-1), then rotate the ash scraping member 44 inwardly for 7 seconds (STEP 7-2), then ash scraping member 44 are rotated outward for 5 seconds (STEP 7-3), and finally the ash scraping member 44 is rotated inward for 7 seconds (STEP 7-4) to perform an ash scraping operation for a total of 24 seconds. The ash scraped off from the grate 41 by the ash scraping member 44 is forcibly transferred to the discharge port 55 of the ash treatment box 47 by the auxiliary ash scraping member 45 and discharged from the discharge port 55 to the ash collection container 56. .

また、図7においてSTEP5でバーナー部温度センサ57(BTH1)の検出温度が第1の設定温度以下である場合にはSTEP8へ進む。バーナー部温度センサ57の検出温度が第1の設定温度以下である場合とは、本燃焼中であるにもかかわらず、バーナー部温度センサ57が燃焼筒32内の炎により加熱を受けていない状態を示している。この状態は、燃焼筒32内に堆積した灰の断熱作用が生じている状態であると考えられ、燃焼筒32内の灰の堆積が過剰となって、灰の高さがバーナー部温度センサ57の位置よりも高くなったと考えられる。そこで、STEP8へ進んで、第2の灰処理動作を行う。第2の灰処理動作においては第1の灰処理動作よりも長時間にわたる灰処理動作が行われる。第2の灰処理動作は、本実施形態においては、図9に示すように、灰掻き部材44を互いに内回り(図3において右の灰掻き部材44を左回転、左の灰掻き部材44を右回転)に40秒間回転させて灰掻き動作を行う。   In FIG. 7, when the detected temperature of the burner temperature sensor 57 (BTH1) is equal to or lower than the first set temperature in STEP5, the process proceeds to STEP8. The case where the detected temperature of the burner part temperature sensor 57 is equal to or lower than the first set temperature means that the burner part temperature sensor 57 is not heated by the flame in the combustion cylinder 32 even though the main combustion is being performed. Is shown. This state is considered to be a state in which the heat insulating action of the ash accumulated in the combustion cylinder 32 is generated, the ash accumulation in the combustion cylinder 32 becomes excessive, and the height of the ash is determined by the burner temperature sensor 57. It seems that it was higher than the position. Then, it progresses to STEP8 and performs 2nd ash processing operation. In the second ash treatment operation, the ash treatment operation is performed for a longer time than the first ash treatment operation. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the second ash treatment operation is performed by turning the ash scraping members 44 inwardly (in FIG. 3, the right ash scraping member 44 is rotated counterclockwise and the left ash scraping member 44 is rotated to the right. Rotation) for 40 seconds to perform ash scraping operation.

即ち、図9に示すように、STEP8−1で灰掻き部材44の内回転を開始させると、STEP8−2に進んで、40秒タイマによる計時を開始する。タイマは、制御手段に内蔵された時計を用いている。次いで、STEP8−3に進み、灰処理部温度センサ58(BTH2)の検出温度が第2の設定温度より低い場合にはSTEP8−4へ進む。この時点で灰処理部温度センサ58(BTH2)の検出温度が第2の設定温度より低い場合には、燃焼筒32内に堆積した灰の断熱作用により灰処理手段43への熱の影響が小さい状態を示している。そして、STEP8−4では、バーナー部温度センサ57(BTH1)の検出温度が第3の設定温度より高い場合にSTEP8−5へ進み、40秒タイマがタイムアップを迎えるまでSTEP8−3とSTEP8−4とを繰り返す。バーナー部温度センサ57(BTH1)における第3の設定温度は、図6に示すように、バーナー部温度センサ57(BTH1)における第1の設定温度よりも低く設定され、制御レベルに応じて予め定められている。そして、バーナー部温度センサ57の検出温度が第3の設定温度より高い場合とは、バーナー部温度センサ57が燃焼筒32内の炎により加熱を受けている状態であって、灰掻き動作が正常に動作して灰の堆積量が少なくなっていく過程を示している。図7においてSTEP8−5で40秒タイマがタイムアップすると、STEP8−6に進んで灰掻き部材44の回転を停止させ、第2の灰処理動作を終了する。   That is, as shown in FIG. 9, when the internal rotation of the ash scraping member 44 is started in STEP 8-1, the process proceeds to STEP 8-2 and time measurement by a 40-second timer is started. The timer uses a clock built in the control means. Next, the process proceeds to STEP 8-3, and when the temperature detected by the ash treatment unit temperature sensor 58 (BTH2) is lower than the second set temperature, the process proceeds to STEP 8-4. At this time, when the temperature detected by the ash treatment unit temperature sensor 58 (BTH2) is lower than the second set temperature, the heat effect on the ash treatment means 43 is small due to the heat insulation action of the ash accumulated in the combustion cylinder 32. Indicates the state. In STEP 8-4, if the detected temperature of the burner temperature sensor 57 (BTH1) is higher than the third set temperature, the process proceeds to STEP 8-5, and STEP 8-3 and STEP 8-4 until the 40-second timer reaches time-up. And repeat. As shown in FIG. 6, the third set temperature in the burner temperature sensor 57 (BTH1) is set lower than the first set temperature in the burner temperature sensor 57 (BTH1), and is predetermined according to the control level. It has been. The case where the detected temperature of the burner part temperature sensor 57 is higher than the third set temperature is a state in which the burner part temperature sensor 57 is heated by the flame in the combustion cylinder 32, and the ash scraping operation is normal. It shows the process where the amount of ash accumulation decreases. In FIG. 7, when the 40-second timer expires in STEP 8-5, the process proceeds to STEP 8-6, where the rotation of the ash scraping member 44 is stopped, and the second ash treatment operation is terminated.

また、STEP8−3において灰処理部温度センサ58(BTH2)の検出温度が第2の設定温度以上である場合にはSTEP8−6へ進んで、40秒タイマのタイムアップを待たずに、第2の灰処理動作を終了させる。灰処理部温度センサ58(BTH2)の検出温度が第2の設定温度より高い場合とは、燃焼筒32内に堆積した灰の断熱作用が小となった状態を示しており、これ以上灰掻き動作を継続すると、火格子41や灰処理手段43への熱の影響が大きくなるおそれがある。そこで、即第2の灰処理動作を終了させることで、灰処理手段43が過剰に加熱されることを防止し、灰掻き部材44や補助灰掻き部材45といった灰処理手段43の構成部品への過加熱による悪影響を未然に防ぐことができる。   If the detected temperature of the ash treatment unit temperature sensor 58 (BTH2) is equal to or higher than the second set temperature in STEP8-3, the process proceeds to STEP8-6, and the second time is not waited for the 40 second timer to expire. The ash processing operation is terminated. The case where the temperature detected by the ash treatment unit temperature sensor 58 (BTH2) is higher than the second set temperature indicates a state in which the heat insulating action of the ash accumulated in the combustion cylinder 32 is reduced, and the ash scraping is further performed. If the operation is continued, the influence of heat on the grate 41 and the ash treatment means 43 may be increased. Therefore, by immediately ending the second ash treatment operation, it is possible to prevent the ash treatment means 43 from being heated excessively, and to the components of the ash treatment means 43 such as the ash scraping member 44 and the auxiliary ash scraping member 45. The bad influence by overheating can be prevented beforehand.

また、STEP8−4においてバーナー部温度センサ57(BTH1)の検出温度が第3の設定温度より低い場合にSTEP8−7及びSTEP8−8へ進む。この時点で、バーナー部温度センサ57(BTH1)の検出温度が第3の設定温度より低い場合とは、燃焼筒32内の温度が極めて低くなっていることを示している。即ち、第2の灰処理動作における灰掻き動作を開始した(或いは灰掻き動作を行っている最中である)にも関わらずバーナー部温度センサ57が燃焼筒32内の炎により加熱を受けていない状態であって、燃焼筒32内の燃焼状態が維持されていないことが考えられる。そこで、STEP8−7及びSTEP8−8へ進んで灰掻き部材44の回転を停止させた後に、本燃焼運転を中止(終了)させる。   If the detected temperature of the burner temperature sensor 57 (BTH1) is lower than the third set temperature in STEP8-4, the process proceeds to STEP8-7 and STEP8-8. At this time, the case where the temperature detected by the burner temperature sensor 57 (BTH1) is lower than the third set temperature indicates that the temperature in the combustion cylinder 32 is extremely low. That is, the burner temperature sensor 57 is heated by the flame in the combustion cylinder 32 even though the ash scraping operation in the second ash treatment operation is started (or the ash scraping operation is being performed). It is conceivable that the combustion state in the combustion cylinder 32 is not maintained. Then, after proceeding to STEP8-7 and STEP8-8 to stop the rotation of the ash scraping member 44, the combustion operation is stopped (terminated).

そして、図7に示すように、STEP7の第1の灰処理動作又はSTEP8の第2の灰処理動作が終了すると、STEP2に戻り、本燃焼時間Tの計時を開始する。なお、本実施形態においては、STEP4において燃焼時間Tの計時を停止した後、第1の灰処理動作又は第2の灰処理動作を行い、その後にSTEP2に戻って本燃焼時間Tの計時を開始する制御を挙げたが、それ以外に、図示しないが、例えば、STEP4において燃焼時間Tの計時を停止した後、STEP4とSTEP5との間で本燃焼時間Tの計時を開始し、STEP7の第1の灰処理動作又はSTEP8の第2の灰処理動作が終了した後にSTEP3に戻るようにしてもよい。これによれば、灰処理周期の間隔時間内にSTEP7の第1の灰処理動作又はSTEP8の第2の灰処理動作の作動時間を含むことができる。   Then, as shown in FIG. 7, when the first ash processing operation of STEP 7 or the second ash processing operation of STEP 8 is completed, the process returns to STEP 2 and starts measuring the main combustion time T. In this embodiment, after stopping the counting of the combustion time T in STEP4, the first ash processing operation or the second ash processing operation is performed, and then returning to STEP2 to start counting the main combustion time T. In addition to that, although not shown, for example, after measuring the combustion time T in STEP 4, the measurement of the main combustion time T is started between STEP 4 and STEP 5. After the ash processing operation or the second ash processing operation of STEP8 is completed, the process may return to STEP3. Accordingly, the operation time of the first ash processing operation of STEP 7 or the second ash processing operation of STEP 8 can be included in the interval time of the ash processing cycle.

本発明の一実施形態の木質ペレット燃焼装置を側面から見た概略断面図。The schematic sectional drawing which looked at the wood pellet combustion apparatus of one embodiment of the present invention from the side. 図1の装置を正面から見た概略断面図。The schematic sectional drawing which looked at the device of Drawing 1 from the front. 図1の装置に設置された灰処理手段を正面から見た概略断面図。The schematic sectional drawing which looked at the ash processing means installed in the apparatus of FIG. 1 from the front. 図3の灰処理手段の概略平面図。FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the ash treatment means of FIG. 3. 図3の灰処理手段の概略側面図。The schematic side view of the ash processing means of FIG. 制御手段において設定された灰処理に係る設定値の一例を示す図。The figure which shows an example of the setting value which concerns on the ash process set in the control means. 本燃焼における灰処理制御を示すフローチャート。The flowchart which shows the ash process control in this combustion. 第1の灰処理動作を示すフローチャート。The flowchart which shows 1st ash processing operation. 第2の灰処理動作を示すフローチャート。The flowchart which shows 2nd ash processing operation.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1…木質ペレット燃焼装置、3…木質ペレット、6…バーナー部(燃焼部)、41…火格子、42…スリット形成用板、43…灰処理手段(灰処理部)、44…灰掻き部材、57…バーナー部温度センサ(燃焼部内温度検出手段)、58…灰処理部温度センサ(灰処理部内温度検出手段)、60…燃焼制御部(燃焼制御手段)、61…灰処理制御部(灰処理制御手段)。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Wood pellet combustion apparatus, 3 ... Wood pellet, 6 ... Burner part (combustion part), 41 ... Grate, 42 ... Slit formation board , 43 ... Ash processing means (ash processing part), 44 ... Ash scraping member, 57 ... Burner part temperature sensor (combustion part temperature detection means), 58 ... Ash treatment part temperature sensor (ash treatment part temperature detection means), 60 ... Combustion control part (combustion control means), 61 ... Ash treatment control part (ash treatment) Control means).

Claims (3)

木質ペレットを燃焼させる燃焼部と、該燃焼部に木質ペレットを供給する木質ペレット供給手段と、該燃焼部の下端部に設けられて木質ペレット供給手段から供給された木質ペレットを燃焼部内部に積載すべく水平方向に所定の間隙を存して配列させた複数枚のスリット形成用板からなる火格子と、該火格子を介して燃焼部の下方に設けられ、前記木質ペレットの燃焼によって火格子上に発生した灰を除去する灰処理部と、木質ペレットの供給及び燃焼を制御する燃焼制御手段とを備え、該灰処理部は、前記火格子の各スリット形成用板の間隙から灰を掻き落とす金属製の灰掻き部材を備える木質ペレット燃焼装置において、
前記燃焼部に設けられ、前記火格子上に所定量の灰が堆積したとき、該灰の上端に対応する位置の燃焼部内の温度を検出する燃焼部内温度検出手段と、
前記灰処理部に設けられ、該灰処理部内の温度を検出する灰処理部内温度検出手段と、
前記燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が予め設定された第1の設定温度以下であるとき、前記灰掻き部材による灰掻き動作を開始させ、この灰掻き動作中に前記灰処理部内温度検出手段の検出温度が予め設定された第2の設定温度以上となったとき、灰掻き動作を停止させる灰処理制御手段とを設けたことを特徴とする木質ペレット燃焼装置。
Combustion section for burning wood pellets, wood pellet supply means for supplying wood pellets to the combustion section, and wood pellets provided from the wood pellet supply means provided at the lower end of the combustion section are loaded inside the combustion section a grate consisting of a plurality of slits forming plate which are arranged with a predetermined gap therebetween in the horizontal direction in order to provided below the combustion section through the該火grid, grate by the combustion of the wood pellets An ash treatment unit that removes the ash generated above, and combustion control means that controls the supply and combustion of the wood pellets, and the ash treatment unit scrapes the ash from the gaps between the slit forming plates of the grate. In the wood pellet combustion apparatus provided with a metal ash scraping member to be dropped,
Combustion unit temperature detection means that is provided in the combustion unit and detects the temperature in the combustion unit at a position corresponding to the upper end of the ash when a predetermined amount of ash is deposited on the grate,
Provided in the ash processing unit, ash processing unit temperature detection means for detecting the temperature in the ash processing unit,
When the temperature detected by the combustion section internal temperature detection means is equal to or lower than a first preset temperature set in advance, an ash scraping operation by the ash scraping member is started, and during the ash scraping operation, the ash processing section internal temperature detection means A wood pellet combustion apparatus, comprising: an ash treatment control means for stopping an ash scraping operation when the detected temperature is equal to or higher than a second preset temperature set in advance.
前記灰処理制御手段は、前記燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が前記第1の設定温度より大であり且つ前記灰処理部内温度検出手段の検出温度が前記第2の設定温度以上ある場合には前記灰掻き部材による灰掻き動作を行わず、前記燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が前記第1の設定温度より大であり且つ前記灰処理部内温度検出手段の検出温度が前記第2の設定温度より小である場合に前記灰掻き部材による所定の灰掻き動作を行うように制御することを特徴とする請求項1記載の木質ペレット燃焼装置。   The ash treatment control means is configured such that the detected temperature of the combustion section internal temperature detection means is higher than the first set temperature and the detected temperature of the ash treatment section internal temperature detection means is equal to or higher than the second set temperature. The ash scraping operation by the ash scraping member is not performed, the detection temperature of the combustion section internal temperature detection means is higher than the first set temperature, and the detection temperature of the ash treatment section internal temperature detection means is the second set temperature. 2. The wood pellet combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when it is smaller, the ash scraping member is controlled to perform a predetermined ash scraping operation. 3. 前記灰処理制御手段は、前記燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が前記第1の設定温度以下であるとき、前記灰掻き部材による灰掻き動作を開始させ、この灰掻き動作中に前記灰処理部内温度検出手段の検出温度が前記第2の設定温度より小であり且つ前記燃焼部内温度検出手段の検出温度が予め前記第1の設定温度よりも低い温度に設定された第3の設定温度以下であるとき、前記燃焼制御手段を介して燃焼を停止させるように制御することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の木質ペレット燃焼装置。   The ash treatment control means starts the ash scraping operation by the ash scraping member when the temperature detected by the combustion section internal temperature detection means is equal to or lower than the first set temperature, and during the ash scraping operation, The detected temperature of the temperature detecting means is lower than the second set temperature, and the detected temperature of the in-combustion temperature detecting means is equal to or lower than a third set temperature set in advance to a temperature lower than the first set temperature. 3. The wood pellet combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein control is performed such that combustion is stopped via the combustion control means.
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