JP4399948B2 - Waterproof sheet and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a waterproof sheet used for a reservoir, a waste disposal site, a river bank, a pool, a heat storage layer, a rooftop, a veranda, and the like, and a method for manufacturing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a waterproof sheet having a structure in which waterproof front and back resin layers are laminated on both front and back surfaces of a reinforcing fiber base fabric is known as a waterproof sheet having excellent strength and dimensional stability. This type of waterproof sheet is usually prepared as a long roll cut to a predetermined width, but since the fiber base fabric supplements the mechanical properties of the resin layer with low tensile strength and tear strength, It is used for various waterproofing constructions that require high strength.
[0003]
However, most of these types of waterproof sheets that are put into practical use are made by laminating and integrating a fiber base fabric and resin layers on both sides of the front and back, then cutting the edges on both sides and adjusting to a predetermined width. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the laminated interface between the fiber base fabric (12) and the front and back resin layers (13) (14) was exposed on both side end faces.
[0004]
For this reason, when water comes into contact with the end face, the water enters the inside of the waterproof sheet through the gaps of the fibers of the fiber base fabric, leading to quality deterioration such as fiber deterioration, fouling, generation of mold, etc. There is a problem of causing delamination of the waterproof sheet and thus reducing the reinforcing effect of the fiber base fabric. Further, as a measure for preventing water from entering from such an end surface, a method of performing a water repellent treatment on the fiber base fabric is considered. In this case, however, the delamination strength of the waterproof sheet is reduced.
[0005]
Therefore, when laying and constructing using such a waterproof sheet conventionally, as shown in FIG. 4, the side edge of the waterproof sheet (11) is previously covered with a waterproof film (15) such as a resin film, Alternatively, as shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 5, the adjacent waterproof sheets (11) and end edges are overlapped and sequentially joined, and then the laminated interface exposed on the joined part (10) is The water-resistant coating (15) or the sealing material (16) is used for coating.
[0006]
However, the above-mentioned end face covering work is extremely troublesome, requires extra time and labor, is not only economically disadvantageous, but also causes a reduction in construction work efficiency at the site, and durability. Therefore, the improvement is desired.
[0007]
On the other hand, in response to such a request, conventionally, for example, as seen in JP-A-10-217375 and JP-A-61-203, the resin layers on the front and back sides are made wider than the width of the fiber base fabric, A so-called bag-like waterproof sheet has been proposed in which both side edges protrude from each other and are joined to form a joint by wrapping the fiber base fabric between the front and back resin layers.
[0008]
However, even in such a waterproof sheet, since the bonding interface of the front and back resin layers is exposed on both side end surfaces, there is a concern about the intrusion of water from the bonding interface due to the influence of stretching stress received during laying use, and The actual situation is that it has not been put into practical use as a general-purpose product, probably because wrinkles are likely to occur in the resin layers on the front and back surfaces in the manufacturing process and it is difficult to manufacture a uniform product. It is.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the background as described above, the present invention provides a waterproof sheet excellent in waterproof functionality and durability, and a simple manufacturing technique thereof, for a high-strength waterproof sheet with a reinforcing fiber base fabric. Objective.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the above object, the first invention according to claim 1 is a waterproof sheet in which waterproof resin layers are integrally laminated on both front and back surfaces of a reinforcing fiber base fabric.
While the back side resin layer is laminated to cover the entire surface of the fiber base fabric,
The front side resin layer is wider than the back side resin layer, and by laminating the both side edges of the resin layer on the surface side of the fiber base fabric, a part of this protruding part wraps around the back side. The gist of the waterproof sheet is that it covers both side edge surfaces of the back surface side resin layer , and a surface opposite to both side edge surfaces is fusion bonded to the edge surface .
[0011]
In this waterproof sheet, the end faces on both side edges are covered with the surface-side resin layer, and no joint interface is exposed there. For this reason, the end face waterproofness can be secured by itself, and it does not require a separate cover for the end face waterproof treatment as in the prior art, which is economically advantageous and can improve the laying work efficiency at the site. In addition, the ability to reliably prevent water from entering the inner fabric base from both side edge faces eliminates the above-mentioned quality degradation factors such as fiber degradation, fouling, and mold, and improves durability. Yes.
[0012]
In addition, since the bonding interface between the front surface resin layer and the back surface resin layer is located on the lower surface side in the vicinity of both side edges of the waterproof sheet, when laying the adjacent waterproof sheet and the edge part are overlapped The bonding interface between the two resin layers can be positioned in the sheet bonding portion. For this reason, even if stress is applied to the joint part of the sheet due to the expansion and contraction of the waterproof sheet, no peeling stress acts on the joint interface of the front and back resin layers, thus preventing water from entering from the interface more reliably. In addition, since the stress acts on both the front and back resin layers at the same time, peeling between the front and back resin layers can be suppressed.
[0013]
Furthermore, the presence of the bonding interface on the back surface side of the waterproof sheet makes it easy to identify the front and back surfaces of the waterproof sheet during laying work, which can contribute to improved workability. Even if the resin layers on the front and back surfaces are different in color from each other so that the identification can be performed more easily, the laminated interface is not exposed to the outer surface in the laid state, so that a laid state with a good appearance can be obtained. it can. Further, since the resin layer on the back side does not come into contact with water in the laid state, the back side resin layer can be added with an inorganic filler or the like having poor water absorption, and the material cost In addition, it is possible to provide a waterproof sheet with further excellent dimensional stability.
[0014]
In a preferred embodiment of the waterproof sheet of the present invention, as described in claim 2, the width of the protruding portion of the front surface side resin layer is set to 1 to 30 mm, and both side edges of the back surface side resin layer are formed. The protruding width from the fiber base side edge portion is set to 0 to 10 mm.
[0015]
By having such a dimension setting, when joined with a joining width of 20 to 50 mm, which is an overlapping joining width with an adjacent waterproof sheet that is normally employed when laying and using, adjacent at least in the vicinity of the joining portion The fiber base fabrics in both waterproof sheets can be positioned substantially continuously in the surface direction, and a waterproof layer having a balanced strength can be applied to the entire area.
[0016]
Invention of Claim 3 is a manufacturing method of a waterproof sheet, covers the whole surface on the back side of a fiber base fabric of a predetermined width, heats and presses the back side resin layer, and laminates and integrates it. A first step of obtaining a single area layer sheet;
On the surface of the fiber base fabric of the single-area layer sheet obtained by the first step, a surface-side resin layer wider than the back-side resin layer is arranged in such a manner that both side edges protrude, and the layers are integrated by heating and pressing. It is characterized by comprising the second step.
[0017]
According to this method, it is possible to easily manufacture a waterproof sheet having various characteristics as described above efficiently and in a simple manner as a balanced product.
[0018]
In this case, as in the invention described in claim 4, in the first step, after the fiber base fabric and the back surface side resin layer are laminated and integrated, both side edge ears are cut at right angles to the sheet surface. By using a single-area layer sheet with a predetermined width, it is possible to more reliably perform the joining of the wraparound portion to the back surface side of the front surface side resin layer and both side edge surfaces of the back surface resin layer at the vertical bonding interface, Less likely to cause poor bonding.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the structure of the waterproof sheet of this invention and its manufacturing method are demonstrated according to drawing which shows an Example.
[0020]
In FIG. 1, a waterproof sheet (1) according to the present invention has a waterproof surface-side resin layer (4) and a back-side resin layer (3) coated and integrated on both the front and back surfaces of a fiber base fabric (2). It is a thing.
[0021]
The back surface side resin layer (3) needs to be laminated so as to cover at least the entire back surface of the fiber base fabric (2), but is slightly wider than the fiber base fabric (2), It is good also as what laminated | stacked the both-sides edge part in the protruding state. In this case, it is desirable to set the above-mentioned protrusion width of the back surface side resin layer (3), that is, the protrusion width (W2) from both side edge portions of the fiber base fabric (2) to 10 mm or less. When the setting exceeds 10 mm, both sides of the waterproof sheet (1) have a relatively inferior mechanical strength compared to the intermediate portion over a relatively wide range, and are adjacent as shown in FIG. When the waterproof sheets (1) are joined and laid, it is not preferable because a portion where the fiber base fabrics (2) and (2) are not continuous with the sheet joining portion (6) is easily formed. Therefore, the protrusion width (W2) is preferably set to about 0 to 10 mm, particularly preferably about 0 to 5.0 mm.
[0022]
Next, the front surface side resin layer (4) is relatively wider than the back surface side resin layer (3), and is laminated with both side edges protruding. Moreover crowded around on the back side portion of the protruding portion (4a), covered on both sides edge faces of the fiber base fabric (2) on both sides Enmimi portion and the back surface side resin layer (3) and (3a) from the outside, and the The opposite surface to the both side edge end surfaces is bonded to the end surfaces . Accordingly, the resin layer bonding interface (5) exists in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface direction of the waterproof sheet (1), and its outer end is located on the lower surface of the waterproof sheet (1). .
[0023]
Further, the protruding width (W1) of both side edges of the front surface side resin layer (4), that is, the protruding distance from both side edge surfaces (3a) of the back surface side resin layer (3) is set in the range of 1 to 30 mm. preferable. When the width (W1) is set to be less than 1.0 mm, a bonding failure with the back-side resin layer (3) at the bonding interface (5) is likely to occur, and consequently the sealing property of the fiber base fabric (2) is impaired. Cause a risk. Conversely, when the width is set to exceed 30 mm, the side edges of the adjacent waterproof sheets (1) and (1) are laid at a general joining width (L) of about 20 to 50 mm as described above. In the case of joining in an overlapped manner, it is not preferable because a non-continuous portion of the fiber base fabrics (1) and (2) is easily formed between adjacent waterproof sheets. Most preferably, the protruding width (W1) is set to about 10 to 20 mm.
[0024]
As the reinforcing fiber base fabric (2) used in the waterproof sheet (1) of the present invention, a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric composed of synthetic fibers, natural fibers, inorganic fibers, or two or more kinds of conjugate fibers selected from these. As a typical example, a woven fabric using polyester filament yarn is preferable.
[0025]
Further, the front and back side resin layers (3) and (4) are soft, flexible and water-resistant resins such as polyvinyl chloride resins, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers, polyolefin resins. However, the present invention is not limited to these. In this case, the same kind of resin is usually applied to the back side resin layer (3) and the front side resin layer (4), but they may be different from each other as long as they are compatible with each other. It may be a different color. In particular, when it is colored in a different color, it is easy to distinguish the front and back surfaces during laying work, which is advantageous in laying work. In particular, since the back-side resin layer (3) does not come into contact with external water during laying and use, it is allowed to use a resin composition filled with an inorganic filler that is advantageous in terms of cost. In addition, for the back side resin layer (3), as the filler, for example, a filler having excellent water dimensional stability although having water absorption itself, such as calcium carbonate, can be used.
[0026]
The waterproof sheet (1) is generally provided as a long wound product having a width of about 100 to 200 cm and a thickness of about 1.2 to 4.0 mm, but is not necessarily limited to these dimensional specifications and forms. It is not something.
[0027]
Next, the suitable manufacturing method of the said waterproof sheet (1) is demonstrated with reference to FIG.
[0028]
First, in the first step, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the fiber base fabric (2) is arranged on the back surface side resin layer (3) so that the respective center portions in the width direction thereof coincide with each other. The layers are integrated by heating and pressing, and then the edge portions on both sides of the laminate are cut at right angles to the sheet surface by the outer chain line (m) or the inner chain line (m ′) of the fiber base fabric (2). A one-area layer sheet (1a) having a width of 5 mm is prepared. In this case, when the width of the fiber base fabric (2) is larger than the set width of the single area layer sheet (1a), the fiber base fabric (2) is cut along the chain line (m ′) inside the both-side edge ears. .
[0029]
The production of the one-area layer sheet (1a) can be generally performed by employing a known molding method, and can be easily performed by using, for example, an extrusion molding method or a calendar molding method. That is, the fiber base fabric (2) is superimposed on the upper surface of the resin layer (3) in a melt-softened state while continuously forming the back-side resin layer (3) into a sheet-like body having a predetermined thickness by an extruder or a calendar. In addition, both can be laminated and integrated by passing through a press roll, and then easily cut by cutting to a predetermined width along the chain line (m) or the chain line (m ′).
[0030]
Next, in the second step, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), a predetermined thickness is used on the fiber base fabric (2) of the single-area layer sheet (1a) obtained above by using an extruder or a calendar. And the surface resin layer (4) in the melt-softened state continuously formed into a sheet-like body wider than the one-area layer sheet (1a) is arranged so that the respective center portions in the width direction coincide with each other, that is, The both side edge portions are superposed under a state of protruding from the both side edges of the single area layer sheet (1a), passed through a press roll, heated and pressed to be laminated and integrated.
[0031]
As a result, the protruding portions (4a) at both side edges of the front surface side resin layer (4) partially wrap around in the direction of the back surface to cover both side edge surfaces of the one area layer sheet (1a). , pairs facing surfaces of both side edge faces of the back-side resin layer (3) is joined end face and fused, forming a vertical junction interface to the sheet surface of the waterproof sheet (1) (5) as shown in FIG. 1 Thus, the expected waterproof sheet (1) is completed. If necessary, after the second step, both side edge ears may be cut to prepare the waterproof sheet (1) to a predetermined width.
[0032]
According to the manufacturing process of the waterproof sheet (1) according to the above, the joint interface (5) of the resin layers (3) and (4) on both the front and back surfaces is a waterproof sheet having a specific configuration located on the lower surface side of the waterproof sheet (1). However, it can be efficiently manufactured without adding any other special means by an extremely general extrusion molding / laminating integration means using an extrusion method.
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 2, the waterproof sheet (1) is overlapped with a predetermined overlap width (L) between both side edge portions of each adjacent waterproof sheet (1) (1) as shown in FIG. They are laid and used by bonding to each other using an adhesive such as an organic solvent or a resin solution, or bonding by thermal fusion.
Example 1
As a fiber base fabric, a long woven fabric having a width of 155 cm woven with a density of 4 warps and 4 wefts per 25.4 mm with a polyester filament of 500 denier, and as a resin layer on the front and back surfaces, The blended soft vinyl chloride resin composition was used.
[0034]
[Soft vinyl chloride resin composition]
PVC 100 parts by weight Plasticizer (DOP) 60 parts by weight Stabilizer (Sn-based) 2 parts by weight Facial material 5 parts by weight UV absorber 0.5 part by weight First, the above composition for the back side resin layer was extruded by an extruder. Extruded into a sheet or film having a thickness of 0.7 mm and a width of 155 cm, and this is still overlapped with one side of the fiber base fabric in a melt-softened state, and pressed through a press roll to be laminated and integrated. . And the both-sides edge ear | edge part of this laminated sheet was cut, and the elongate single area layer sheet | seat of width 148cm was produced.
[0035]
Next, for the surface side resin layer, the resin composition is extruded into a sheet or film having a thickness of 0.8 mm and a width of 155 cm by an extruder, and the fibers of the single area layer sheet are still in a melt-softened state. They were stacked on both sides of the base fabric and pressed to integrate them. After that, the above-mentioned sheet or film for the resin layer on the surface side is cut off with the width of 10 mm on both side edges protruding from the both edges of the single area layer sheet to the outside, 150 cm wide and 1.5 mm thick waterproof A sheet could be obtained.
[0036]
In the waterproof sheet obtained above, a part of the protruding portion wraps around the back surface side, that is, the both side edge sides of the one area layer sheet, covers the both side edge portions, and is a surface facing the both side edge end surfaces. Was a waterproof sheet in a state where the fiber base fabric was completely sealed in a sealed manner between the resin layers on the front and back surfaces.
[0037]
When the both side edges of this waterproof sheet were observed, the edges were covered only with the surface-side resin layer having an increased thickness, and the bonding interface between the surface-side resin layer and the back-side resin layer was on both sides of the waterproof sheet. It was confirmed that the film was present in a substantially vertical position at a position about 10 mm inward from the edge surface.
[0038]
In addition, the waterproof sheet produced as described above was connected by bonding with an adhesive with the overlap bonding width (L) shown in FIG. 2 being 30 mm. It was completely enclosed in the adhesive interface and was not visible at all from the outside.
[0039]
Further, the waterproof sheet produced as described above is connected to the tank shown in FIG. 2 as a tank wall and subjected to a long-term water storage test. Generation | occurrence | production was not recognized at all and it was confirmed that the water has not penetrate | invaded at all to the fiber base fabric.
Example 2
A waterproof sheet in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a woven fabric made of 1000 denier polyester filament yarn is used for the fiber base fabric and a polyethylene-polypropylene copolymer resin is used for the resin layers on the front and back surfaces. Was made.
[0040]
About the waterproof sheet produced above, when both ends were observed in the same manner as in Example 1, the same observation results as in Example 1 were obtained.
[0041]
Moreover, about the waterproof sheet produced above, as a result of performing a long-term water storage test like Example 1, the test result similar to Example 1 was obtained.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
The waterproof sheet according to claim 1 according to the present invention includes a fiber base fabric enclosed between the front and back resin layers and has excellent mechanical strength and dimensional stability. It is covered and no joint interface is exposed there. For this reason, the end face waterproofness can be secured by itself, and it does not require a separate cover for the end face waterproof treatment as in the prior art, which is economically advantageous and can improve the laying work efficiency at the site. In addition, since water can be reliably prevented from entering the internal fiber base fabric from both side edge surfaces, quality deterioration factors such as fiber deterioration, fouling, and mold generation can be eliminated, and durability can be improved.
[0043]
In addition, since the bonding interface between the front surface resin layer and the back surface resin layer is located on the lower surface side in the vicinity of both side edges of the waterproof sheet, when laying the adjacent waterproof sheet and the edge part are overlapped The bonding interface between the two resin layers can be positioned in the sheet bonding portion. For this reason, even if stress is applied to the joint portion of the sheet due to the expansion and contraction of the prevention sheet, peeling stress does not act on the joint interface of the front and back resin layers, and water entry from the interface is more reliably prevented. In addition, since the stress acts on both the front and back resin layers at the same time, peeling between the front and back resin layers can be suppressed.
[0044]
Furthermore, the presence of the bonding interface on the back surface side of the waterproof sheet makes it easy to identify the appearance of the front and back surfaces of the waterproof sheet during laying work, and can contribute to improvement in workability. Even if the resin layers on the front and back surfaces are different in color from each other so that the identification can be performed more easily, the laminated interface is not exposed to the outer surface in the laid state, so that a laid state with a good appearance can be obtained. it can. Further, since the resin layer on the back side does not come into contact with water in the laid state, the back side resin layer can be added with an inorganic filler or the like having poor water absorption, and the material cost In addition, it is possible to provide a waterproof sheet with further excellent dimensional stability.
[0045]
In the invention according to claim 2, by setting the width of the protruding portion of both side edge portions of both resin layers on the front and back surfaces within a predetermined range, an adjacent waterproof sheet that is normally employed during laying use and When bonded with a bonding width of 20 to 50 mm, which is the overlapping bonding width of, it is possible to position the fiber base fabrics in both waterproof sheets adjacent to each other at least at a position in the vicinity of the bonded portion in a substantially continuous manner in the surface direction, A waterproof layer with balanced strength can be applied to the entire area.
[0046]
In addition, according to the method for manufacturing a waterproof sheet according to the invention described in claim 3, it is possible to easily manufacture a waterproof sheet having the above-mentioned characteristics efficiently and in a simple manner with simple steps. .
[0047]
Further, in this case, by configuring as in the invention described in claim 4, the joining of the wraparound portion of the front side resin layer to the back side and the both side edge surfaces of the back side resin layer may cause poor bonding. More reliably.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a waterproof sheet according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially omitted cross-sectional view showing an example of a joined state when the waterproof sheet of the present invention is laid.
FIG. 3 shows a manufacturing process of a waterproof sheet according to the present invention, FIG. 3 (a) is a partially omitted cross-sectional view of a single area layer sheet obtained by the first process, and FIG. 2 (b) is a second process. It is a partially-omission cross-sectional view which shows the lamination state of the surface side resin layer in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a conventional waterproof sheet.
FIG. 5 shows a joining state of a conventional waterproof sheet, and FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) are partially omitted cross-sectional views of different joining states.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Waterproof sheet 1a ... Single area layer sheet 2 ... Fiber base fabric 3 ... Back surface side resin layer 3a ... Side edge end surface 4 ... Surface side resin layer 4a ... Overhang | projection part 5 ... Joining interface

Claims (4)

In a waterproof sheet in which a waterproof resin layer is integrally laminated on both front and back surfaces of a reinforcing fiber base fabric,
While the back side resin layer is laminated to cover the entire surface of the fiber base fabric,
The front side resin layer is wider than the back side resin layer, and by laminating the both side edges of the resin layer on the surface side of the fiber base fabric, a part of this protruding part wraps around the back side. A waterproof sheet that covers both side edge surfaces of the back surface side resin layer , and has a surface opposite to both side edge surfaces fused and joined to the edge surface .  The width of the protruding portion of the front surface side resin layer is set to 1 to 30 mm, and the protruding width from both ends of the back surface side resin layer from the fiber base fabric side edge is set to 0 to 10 mm. Item 1. The waterproof sheet according to item 1. A first step of obtaining a single-area layer sheet of a predetermined width by covering the entire surface on the back side of a fiber base fabric of a predetermined width and heating and pressurizing and integrating the back side resin layer;
On the surface of the fiber base fabric of the single-area layer sheet obtained by the first step, a surface-side resin layer wider than the back-side resin layer is arranged in such a manner that both side edges protrude, and the layers are integrated by heating and pressing. The manufacturing method of the waterproof sheet which consists of a 2nd process.  4. The single-layer sheet according to claim 3, wherein in the first step, the fiber base fabric and the back surface side resin layer are laminated and integrated, and then both side edge ears are cut at right angles to the sheet surface to form a single area layer sheet having a predetermined width. A method of manufacturing a waterproof sheet.

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