JP4392265B2 - Gas discharge device and waste disposal site - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for discharging gas generated from waste dumped on a concave surface for dumping waste to the outside of the waste.

  The waste disposal site has a concave surface provided by digging the ground or constructing a lift wall. Waste is sequentially dumped into this concave surface.

  There are various types of discarded waste. Incinerated ash, bulky garbage, garbage. Of these, especially from garbage, gas may be generated, and sometimes toxic gas (for example, hydrogen sulfide) may be generated. The generation of such toxic gases may have an unfavorable impact on the health of those working at the waste disposal site.

  In consideration of these points, in a waste disposal site, a degassing pipe is a perforated tube with a number of holes drilled in its side surface in a vertical hole formed by boring the dumped waste. The exhaust pipe is buried and the gas generated in the waste is removed through the exhaust pipe.

However, degassing using such an exhaust pipe may not be successful.
As described above, gas may be generated from waste at the waste disposal site, but leachate may be generated in addition to that. The leachate is mainly caused by rainwater that falls on the concave surface of the waste disposal site or flows in from the outside, and may be harmful due to contact with the waste. Since it is not preferable to let such leachate flow out of the waste disposal site, the existing waste disposal site covers the concave surface with a water shielding sheet. For this reason, leachate tends to accumulate in the concave surface of the waste disposal site, which can cause degassing.
If there is a large amount of leachate around the exhaust pipe, the leachate will accumulate in the exhaust pipe. This leached water causes a state of clogging, which hinders degassing.

  An object of the present invention is to eliminate such problems, and to provide a technology for gas discharge that can be smoothly degassed from waste even if leachate is generated. Let it be an issue.

The present invention for solving the above-described problems is as follows.
The present invention is a gas discharge device that is used by being embedded in waste dumped in a concave surface of a waste disposal site for dumping waste, and for guiding gas generated from the waste to the outside of the waste It is.
And this gas discharge device is embedded in the waste, and a case having a large number of holes in the portion embedded in the waste, and one end thereof is inserted into the case A leachate discharge pipe for taking in leachate from the waste accumulated in the case from the one end side and discharging the leachate from the other end side to the outside of the case; and one end of the leachate in the case And a gas discharge pipe for taking in the gas discharged from the waste accumulated in the case from the one end side and discharging the gas from the other end side to the outside of the case.
In such a gas discharge device, one end side of the leachate discharge pipe and one end side of the gas discharge pipe are inserted into the case, and leachate and gas are discharged by each of them. Therefore, there is no problem such as clogging as in the case of the prior art in which gas and leachate must be discharged with a single perforated tube. Therefore, according to this gas discharge device, even if there is leachate, the gas can be discharged without any problem.

The case of the gas discharge device of the present invention may have any shape as long as one end of the leachate discharge pipe and one end of the gas discharge pipe can be inserted therein.
The case may be a long tube, for example. A long tube is convenient for burying the case in waste. When the case is a long tube, the case can be embedded vertically in the waste. In this way, it is easy to reach the case in the deep part of the waste, and it is convenient to remove the gas generated in the deep part.
When the case is a long pipe, both the one end side of the leachate discharge pipe and the one end side of the gas discharge pipe can be along the longitudinal direction of the case. If the case is buried in the vertical direction, the one end side of the leachate discharge pipe and the one end side of the gas discharge pipe are both arranged in the vertical direction.

A pump for drawing the leachate to the other end side of the leachate discharge pipe may be provided on the other end side of the leachate discharge pipe. In this case, a detection means for detecting whether or not the amount of leachate accumulated in the case exceeds a predetermined amount is provided inside the case, and the detection means determines the amount of leachate. The pump may draw the leachate to the other end side of the leachate discharge pipe when it is detected that the amount exceeds a predetermined amount. Of course, the pump may be driven at all times, but by doing so, the pump can be driven only when necessary.
Since the gas is naturally discharged from the gas discharge pipe to the outside, it is not necessary to provide a pump provided on the other end of the leachate discharge pipe. However, it is also possible to provide a pump according to circumstances such as a request for prompt gas discharge.

The end portion on the one end side of the leachate discharge pipe may be positioned below the end portion on the one end side of the gas discharge pipe.
If it does in this way, the end part by the side of the one end side of a gas discharge pipe will not be immersed in leachate water by extracting the leachate collected on the lower side of a case from a leachate discharge pipe. Thus, the leachate does not get in the way when the gas is discharged from the gas discharge pipe.

  The present invention also provides a waste disposal site including the gas discharge device described above.

  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The present invention is implemented in a waste disposal site as shown in FIG.
This waste disposal site is provided with a concave surface 10 for waste disposal. A water shielding layer 11 is provided on the concave surface 10. In this embodiment, the water shielding layer 11 is formed of a resin sheet having a water shielding performance. The thickness of such a sheet is 3 mm in this embodiment, but this thickness is appropriately selected in the range of about 1 to 5 mm.
Waste 12 is dumped on the concave surface 10. The waste 12 in this embodiment includes incinerated ash, oversized garbage, and garbage.
In the waste disposal site in this embodiment, a predetermined amount of the waste 12 is already dumped, and after that, the waste 12 may be stabilized. The waste 12 decays during the stabilization process, producing gas, and possibly toxic gas (eg, hydrogen sulfide).
In this embodiment, in such a waste disposal site, as shown in FIG. 2, an air supply facility A for supplying air to the waste 12, and a gas for extracting the gas as described above from the waste 12. Exhaust equipment B shall be provided.

  The air supply facility A includes a coating layer 20 and an air pump 26.

The covering layer 20 is configured as shown in FIG.
The covering layer 20 has an air supply member 21 provided so as to cover a predetermined portion of the waste 12 (in this embodiment, so as to cover the entire surface of the waste 12). The air supply member 21 is formed in a planar shape with a predetermined thickness, allows gas to pass through the inside thereof, and gas that has passed through the inside from the surface on the side facing the waste 12 and the surface on the opposite side. It is supposed to be able to erupt. The air supply member 21 can be formed of, for example, a nonwoven fabric, but can be formed of a three-dimensional network structure that is a three-dimensional net having a three-dimensional structure such as a loofah sponge. The air supply member 21 in this embodiment can be constituted by a resin-made mat-like three-dimensional network structure Hetimaron (trademark / manufactured by Shinko Nylon Co., Ltd.).
The covering layer 20 includes a sheet material 22 that covers the entire surface of the air supply member 21 and has lower air permeability than the air supply member 21. In this embodiment, the sheet material 22 is made of resin, more specifically, made of polyethylene. The sheet material 22 has a water shielding performance.
The covering layer 20 also includes a sheet protective material 23 that covers the entire surface of the sheet material 22. The sheet protection material 23 can be configured by a nonwoven fabric or a three-dimensional network structure similar to the air supply member 21. In this embodiment, this is comprised with the nonwoven fabric. In addition, the thickness of the sheet | seat protective material 23 can be about 2-25 mm.
The covering layer 20 includes a concrete layer 24 made of concrete that covers the entire surface of the sheet protective material 23. Due to the presence of the concrete layer 24, the concave surface 10 or the waste 12 of the waste disposal site is in an airtight state with a lid. The concrete layer 24 also has water shielding performance. The presence of the concrete layer 24 can prevent rainwater due to rain from flowing into the concave surface 10, which helps to suppress the generation of leachate. Even if the concrete layer 24 is damaged, the possibility of rainwater flowing into the concave surface 10 is small because the sheet material 22 described above has a water shielding performance.
Instead of the concrete layer 24, a soil layer formed by embankment can also be formed.
Further, the coating layer 20 may be provided with a mechanism for preventing displacement of the air supply member 21, the sheet material 22, and the sheet protection material 23. For example, an anchor that penetrates the air supply member 21, the sheet material 22, and the sheet protection material 23 and is driven into the waste 12 can be provided.

One end of an air supply pipe 25, which is a pipe that penetrates the concrete layer 24, the sheet protection material 23, and the sheet material 22, communicates with the air supply member 21. The other end of the air supply pipe 25 is connected to the air pump 26.
The air pump 26 has a function of sending air taken from the periphery to the air supply pipe 25. When the air pump 26 is driven, air is sent from the air pump 26 to the air supply pipe 25. This air is sent from the air supply pipe 25 to the air supply member 21, and is sent from the entire upper surface of the waste 12 to the entire waste 12.
In this embodiment, the air pump 26 is controlled so that the air pressure inside the air supply pipe 25 and the air supply member 21 is between 1013 hPa and 1150 hPa. More specifically, in this embodiment, the air pressure inside the air supply pipe 25 and the air supply member 21 is controlled to be 1100 hPa. Such control may be performed manually or may be performed automatically. In this embodiment, a pressure sensor that measures the air pressure in the air supply pipe 25 and a control device configured by, for example, a computer that generates a signal that controls the driving of the air pump 26 based on a signal from the pressure sensor are automatically Thus, the control as described above is performed. The reason why the air pressure inside the air supply pipe 25 and the air supply member 21 is maintained at 1100 hPa is that if the air is supplied to the waste 12 at such a pressure, it is sufficient to stabilize the waste 12. .
However, the air pump 26 may supply air at a pressure higher than that. Further, the air pump 26 may be driven only when the atmospheric pressure is reduced due to worsening weather or the like.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the exhaust facility B includes a case 31 embedded in a vertical hole 12 </ b> A bored in the waste 12, and a leachate discharge pipe 32 having one end inserted into the case 31. And a gas discharge pipe 33.
The vertical hole 12A has a diameter of 120 mm in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the vertical hole 12A has a depth that reaches just before the bottom surface of the concave surface 10.
In this embodiment, the case 31 has a cylindrical shape slightly smaller in diameter than the vertical hole. In this embodiment, the diameter is 100 mm. A large number of holes 31 </ b> A are formed in the side surface of the case 31. The diameter of the hole 31A is about 150 mm in this embodiment, but can be appropriately selected within a range of about 50 mm to 250 mm. As will be described later, gas and leachate generated from the waste 12 enter the case 31 through the hole 31A. Note that the above gas and leachate may have strong corrosive properties. In consideration of such points, the case 31 is preferably formed of a highly corrosion-resistant material such as polyethylene or vinyl chloride.

The leachate discharge pipe 32 is a tube body for discharging leachate accumulated in the case 31 to the outside. The leachate discharge pipe 32 is made of a corrosion-resistant material for the same reason as the case 31. Specifically, the leachate discharge pipe 32 in this embodiment is formed of a vinyl chloride (vinyl chloride) pipe having a diameter of 40 mm.
The portion of the leachate discharge pipe 32 that is inserted into the case 31 extends along the length direction of the case 31. The end portion on the one end side of the leachate discharge pipe 32 is positioned about 100 mm above the lower end of the case 31.
A liquid detection sensor 34 is provided in a portion about 150 mm from the tip of the leachate discharge pipe 32 inside the leachate discharge pipe 32. The liquid detection sensor 34 is configured to generate a signal indicating that liquid is present when it comes into contact with the liquid. In this embodiment, the liquid detection sensor 34 functions as a device that substantially detects the presence of leachate from the bottom of the case 31 to a height of 250 mm or more. The liquid detection sensor 34 is connected to a later-described drainage pump 36 by a lead wire (not shown).
The gas discharge pipe 33 is a pipe body for discharging the gas accumulated inside the case 31 to the outside. The gas exhaust pipe 33 is formed of a corrosion-resistant material for the same reason as the case 31. Specifically, the gas discharge pipe 33 in this embodiment is formed of a vinyl chloride (vinyl chloride) pipe having a diameter of 40 mm.
A portion of the gas discharge pipe 33 inserted into the case 31 is set along the length direction of the case 31. An end portion on one end side of the gas discharge pipe 33 is positioned about 500 mm above the lower end of the case 31.
However, the lower end position of the leachate discharge pipe 32 and the lower end position of the gas discharge pipe 33 are sufficient if the former is below the latter, and the above numerical values do not need to be accurately maintained.

Both the leachate discharge pipe 32 and the gas discharge pipe 33 penetrate the upper end of the case 31 and are exposed to the outside from the upper surface of the waste 12, more specifically from the upper surface of the coating layer 20. Then, it is bent sideways at a predetermined height and extends to a gas-liquid separation tank 35 provided outside the concave surface 10 in a substantially horizontal state. Both the leachate discharge pipe 32 and the substantially horizontal portion of the gas discharge pipe 33 are slightly inclined toward the gas-liquid separation tank 35, for example, about 1/100. This is to prevent the liquid which may have corrosive properties condensed in the leachate discharge pipe 32 and the gas discharge pipe 33 from flowing down into the case 31.
A drainage pump 36 is provided in front of the gas-liquid separation tank 35 of the leachate discharge pipe 32. The drainage pump 36 draws leachate accumulated at the bottom of the case 31. This drain pump 36 does not necessarily have to be so, but is driven only when the liquid detection sensor 34 receives the above-mentioned signal generated by detecting the presence of the liquid.

The gas-liquid separation tank 35 is configured as shown in FIG.
A drain pipe 37 and an exhaust pipe 38 are connected to the gas-liquid separation tank 35. Both the drain pipe 37 and the exhaust pipe 38 are tubular bodies. In this embodiment, both are PVC pipes. The drainage pipe 37 penetrates the side surface of the gas-liquid separation tank 35 and has one end positioned near the bottom surface of the gas-liquid separation tank 35. The exhaust pipe 38 is connected to the upper surface of the gas-liquid separation tank 35.
The drain pipe 37 is for discharging leachate accumulated in the gas-liquid separation tank 35 to a water treatment facility (not shown) provided outside the concave surface 10 connected to the other end of the drain pipe 37. . A second drainage pump 39 is provided at the tip of the drainage pipe 37, and the leachate accumulated in the gas-liquid separation tank 35 is driven through the drainage pipe 37 by driving the second drainage pump 39. It is designed to be discharged to a treatment facility. The second drain pump 39 may be always driven, and, like the drain pump 36, the second drain pump 39 is driven only when the leachate in the gas-liquid separation tank 35 exceeds a certain water level. It may be. In order to drive the second drainage pump 39 only when the leachate in the gas-liquid separation tank 35 exceeds a certain level, a predetermined position in the gas-liquid separation tank 35 (for example, the gas-liquid separation tank) A liquid detection sensor similar to that provided in the case 31 is provided in the drain pipe 37 in the interior 35, and only when the liquid detection sensor generates a signal indicating the presence of the liquid. 2 The drain pump 39 may be driven.
The exhaust pipe 38 guides the gas in the gas-liquid separation tank 35 to the gas processing tank 40 connected to the other end. The gas is naturally guided to the gas processing tank 40 when the pressure becomes a certain level or higher. However, if it is necessary to forcibly lead the gas to the gas processing tank 40, a pump for forcibly discharging the gas in the gas-liquid separation tank 35 to the gas processing tank 40 is provided somewhere in the exhaust pipe 38. It is also possible.

The gas processing tank 40 is configured as shown in FIG.
The gas treatment tank 40 is mainly intended for treating hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S).
The gas treatment tank 40 includes a hollow tank 41 that is cylindrical in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the inside of the tank 41 is filled with a solution 42 intended to treat hydrogen sulfide, more specifically, a zinc acetate (Zn (CH ₃ COO) ₂ ) solution.
The other end of the exhaust pipe 38 passes through the side surface of the tank 41 and extends along the bottom surface.
The other end of the exhaust pipe 38 has a shape as shown in the plan view of FIG. The tip of the exhaust pipe 38 is branched into several branches, and gas is discharged from a hole 38A provided at each tip.
Above the exhaust pipe 38 along the bottom surface of the tank 41, a disk member 43 formed in a disk shape and a perforated disk member 44 formed in a disk shape provided with openings 44A in some places have a predetermined interval. It is arranged in the space. The disk members 43 and the perforated disk members 44 are arranged alternately. In this embodiment, the disk member 43 and the perforated disk member 44 are arranged so as to be concentric in plan view. In this embodiment, the disk member 43 and the perforated disk member 44 are configured such that the latter diameter is slightly larger than the former diameter. Moreover, in this embodiment, the peripheral part of the disc member 43 and the perforated disc member 44 is inclined downward.
The disk member 43 and the perforated disk member 44 are provided to increase the contact time between the gas and the solution 42 described above. The gas emitted from the hole 38 </ b> A of the exhaust pipe 38 moves upward, but moves laterally on the disk member 43. Then, it moves upward from the end of the disk member 43. Since there is a peripheral edge portion of the perforated disk member 44 having a diameter slightly larger than that of the disk member 43, the gas accumulates below the perforated disk member 44, and the disk member located above the opening 44A. Move upward toward 43. By repeating this, a sufficient contact time between the gas and the solution 42 can be gained in the gas treatment tank 40 according to this embodiment.
The gas treatment tank 40 described above was devised by focusing on the fact that the conventional gas treatment tank could not obtain sufficient contact time between the gas and the solution. Not limited to this, it can be widely used when it is necessary to take a long contact time between the solution and the gas. In other words, the gas treatment tank 40 is not limited to gas treatment and can be widely applied to fields in which a reaction is performed by bringing a gas and a liquid into contact with each other.

In this embodiment, the hydrogen sulfide reacts with the zinc acetate solution to cause the following reaction and is processed.
H ₂ S + Zn (CH ₃ COO) ₂
= (2H ⁺ + S ²⁻ ) + (Zn ²⁺ + 2CH ₃ COO ⁻ )
= ZnS + 2CH ₃ COOH

The sectional side view which shows an example of the waste disposal site where the air supply structure by one Embodiment of this invention is constructed | assembled. 1 is a side sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a waste disposal site according to an embodiment of the present invention. The sectional side view which shows the structure of the air supply installation provided in the waste disposal site shown in FIG. The sectional side view which shows the structure in the case in the exhaust equipment provided in the waste disposal site shown in FIG. The sectional side view which shows the structure of the gas-liquid separation tank provided in the waste disposal site shown in FIG. The sectional side view which shows the structure of the gas processing tank provided in the waste disposal site shown in FIG. The top view which shows the structure of the exhaust pipe in the inside of the gas processing tank shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Concave surface 11 Water shielding layer 12 Waste 20 Cover layer 21 Air supply member 22 Sheet material 23 Sheet protective material 24 Concrete layer 25 Air supply pipe 26 Air pump 31 Case 32 Leaching water discharge pipe 33 Gas discharge pipe 34 Liquid detection sensor 35 Gas-liquid separation Tank 36 Drain pump 37 Drain pipe 38 Exhaust pipe 39 Second drain pump 40 Gas treatment tank 41 Tank 42 Solution 43 Disk member 44 Perforated disk member A Air supply equipment B Exhaust equipment

Claims (4)

A gas discharge device that is used by burying in the waste dumped in the concave surface of the waste disposal site for dumping waste, and for guiding the gas generated from the waste to the outside of the waste,
A case that is embedded in the waste and has a plurality of holes in a portion embedded in the waste; and
One end of the case is inserted into the case, and the leachate from the waste collected in the case is taken in from the one end and discharged from the other end to the outside of the case. A discharge pipe;
A gas exhaust pipe for inserting one end of the gas into the case, taking in the gas from the waste accumulated in the case from the one end side, and discharging the gas from the other end side to the outside of the case;
With
The case is a long tube embedded in the waste in a substantially vertical direction,
Both the one end side of the leachate discharge pipe and the portion inserted into the case on the one end side of the gas discharge pipe are such that their longitudinal directions are substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the case. Do Te Ri,
The end on the one end side of the gas discharge pipe extends downward in the case to the extent that gas is discharged from a deep portion of waste,
Gas exhaust device. A pump for pulling the leachate to the other end side of the leachate discharge pipe is provided on the other end side of the leachate discharge pipe,
Inside the case is provided with a detecting means for detecting whether or not the amount of leachate accumulated in the case exceeds a predetermined amount,
When the detection means detects that the amount of the leachate exceeds a predetermined amount, the pump draws the leachate to the other end side of the leachate discharge pipe.
The gas discharge device according to claim 1. The end portion on the one end side of the leachate discharge pipe is located below the end portion on the one end side of the gas discharge pipe,
The gas discharge device according to claim 1.   A waste disposal site comprising the gas discharge device according to claim 1.

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