JP4391436B2 - 3-position switch - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pushbutton switch, and more particularly to an OFF-ON-OFF three-position switch (enable switch).

Conventionally, push button switches carried at hand have been used as control operation switches in robot teaching devices and lines. In particular, in recent years, three-position switches (enable switches) have become widespread as switches that can avoid danger based on ergonomics. Such a three-position switch is OFF when not operated, and is turned ON when the push button is pressed to operate the control object, and is turned OFF when the push button is released. In addition, the switch can be turned OFF by further pressing the push button from the ON state. In other words, when an unexpected abnormal operation occurs due to runaway control objects or carelessness of the operator, the operator releases the push button or pushes the push button further. Take one of these actions. In other words, the switch is immediately turned from ON to OFF regardless of whether the push button is pressed or released. Therefore, it can be said that the 3-position switch is a safe switch that works in a fail-safe manner (see Patent Documents 1 to 4 below).
JP 2003-323832 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-075121 WO 02/061779 A1 JP 2002-334625 A

However, such a conventional three-position switch has a complicated structure, a large size, and a high cost.
In view of the above situation, the present invention provides a compact three-position switch that can reliably shut off a circuit in the event of a sudden abnormality of an operating machine, that is simple in structure, and that can perform a stable operation. With the goal.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides
[1] A three-position switch is provided with a housing attached to the base and a cam portion which is disposed at the center portion of the housing and has a gentle inclined surface and a steep inclined surface on both side surfaces. A push button having a plunger, a return spring disposed between the lower portion of the plunger and the base, and a slide that is pivotally supported by a groove formed in a horizontal direction on the base and engages with the cam portion. An oscillating piece having a converter with a child, a movable contact piece that responds to tilting of the oscillating piece through a reversing spring, and fixed to the base, and contacts the movable contact piece by displacement of the movable contact piece. and a fixed terminal having a fixed contact portion as possible, by the first-stage pressing operation of the push button, while engaged with the cam portion, the upper and lower and tilt Kiga reversal of the oscillating piece, thereby The reversing spring The movable contact piece is raised by reversing the reversing spring to bring the movable contact piece into contact with the fixed contact portion of the fixed terminal to close the circuit. At this point, the push button is released to release the fixed contact. The movable contact piece is opened away from the part, and the second stage operation by further pushing the first stage push button causes the slider of the converter to move over the steep inclined surface of the cam part. by moving the inclined surface, and inversion and below the tilting Kigasara of the swinging piece, the movable contact from the fixed contact portion in a reverse inversion lowers the movable contact piece of the reversing spring The circuit is opened by separating the pieces.

[2] In the three-position switch described in [1], a groove formed in the base in a horizontal direction enables the slider to move rearward of the slider, so that the cam portion of the slider has a sharp shape. It is characterized by facilitating the separation from the inclined surface to the gently inclined surface.
[3] The three-position switch according to [1] or [2], wherein one circuit is opened and closed on one side and two circuits are opened and closed on both sides.

  According to the present invention, a compact three-position switch having a simple structure and capable of performing a stable operation can be provided.

The three-position switch of the present invention is provided with a housing attached to the base, and a cam portion which is disposed at the center portion of the housing and has a gentle inclined surface and a steep inclined surface on both side surfaces. A push button having a plunger, a return spring disposed between the lower portion of the plunger and the base, and a slide that is pivotally supported by a groove formed in a horizontal direction on the base and engages with the cam portion. An oscillating piece having a converter with a child, a movable contact piece that responds to tilting of the oscillating piece through a reversing spring, and fixed to the base, and contacts the movable contact piece by displacement of the movable contact piece. and a fixed terminal having a fixed contact portion as possible, by the first-stage pressing operation of the push button, while engaged with the cam portion, the upper and lower and tilt Kiga reversal of the oscillating piece, thereby The reversing spring is reversed The reversing spring reverses the movable contact piece to bring the movable contact piece into contact with the fixed contact portion of the fixed terminal to close the circuit, and when the push button is released at this point, the fixed contact portion The movable contact piece opens away, and the second stage operation by further pushing the first stage push button causes the slider of the converter to move over the steep inclined surface of the cam portion, and the gentle inclined surface. by moving to, the above-inversion and below the tilting Kigasara the swinging piece, the movable contact piece from the fixed contact portion is moved downward the movable contact piece in the opposite direction of reversal of the reversing spring Release to open the circuit. As a result, it is possible to realize a compact three-position switch that can reliably shut off the circuit against a sudden abnormality of the operating machine, has a simple structure, and can perform a stable operation.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 is a cross-sectional view of a three-position switch showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an overall perspective view of the base, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of one side of the base, FIG. 4 is a layout view of fixed terminals, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the push button, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the plunger and the return coil spring, FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of the movable contact piece, and FIG. FIG. 8B is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the swing piece.

  In these drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a base. As shown in FIG. 3, the protrusion 1G is fitted to the fitting hole 1H (the fitting hole facing the protrusion 1G and the protrusion facing the fitting hole 1H are not shown). As shown in FIG. 2, the base 1A and the base 1B are assembled to form the base 1. The base 1 has a projecting portion 1C at the center and projecting portions 1D on both sides. The projecting portion 1D is formed with a groove 6 from the outside to the inside. Are configured to engage. Further, a locking portion 1E with which a pivotal support portion 19A of a movable contact piece 19 to be described later is engaged is formed on the central protruding portion 1C. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a projection 1F is formed on the outer surface of the base 1 to be fitted into a fitting hole 5B of the housing 5 described later. Further, a fitting hole 1J is formed on the inner side of the base 1 as shown in FIG. 3, and the fixed terminal 2 is implanted in the portion as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 3 denotes a fixed contact portion.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a housing, and the lower opening of the housing 5 is combined with the base 1 so as to be closed by the base 1. As shown in FIG. 5, an opening 5A for engaging a push button 7 described later is formed at the center of the upper surface of the housing 5 , and the protrusion 1F of the base 1 described above is formed at the lower part of the side. A fitting hole 5B to be fitted is formed.
Reference numeral 7 denotes a push button that is engaged with the opening 5A of the housing 5, and as shown in FIG. 6, a stopper 7A is formed at the lower portion and an engagement hole 7B is formed on the side surface to engage a projection 8B of the plunger 8 described later. ing.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a plunger formed so as to extend downward from the center of the push button 7. As shown in FIG. 7, the guide portion 8 A, a protrusion 8 B that engages with the engagement hole 7 B of the push button 7, and both sides of the plunger 8. The cam part 9 provided in is formed. The cam portion 9 Ri and gently inclined surface 9A steeply inclined surface 9B Tona, has a quick action function by later-described slide elements 16 in cooperation with. A return coil spring 10 is disposed below the plunger 8.

Reference numeral 19 denotes a movable contact piece. As shown in FIG. 8, a pivot portion 19 </ b> A is formed at the base portion, and this pivot portion 19 </ b> A is engaged with the locking portion 1 </ b> E of the base 1 to form the movable contact piece 19. The movable contact portion 19B is swung in the vertical direction. When the movable contact portion 19B swings and contacts the fixed contact portion 3 of the fixed terminal 2, the circuit is turned on. The distal end portion of the movable contact piece 19 is formed protrusions 20, the reversing coil scan purine grayed 18 is mounted between the rear end lower projection 17 of Tenkanko 13 to be described later with the protrusions 20, the movable contact The piece 19 can be rapidly swung.

Reference numeral 12 denotes a swing piece, which has a crotch-like structure as shown in FIG. 9, and a pivotal support part 12 </ b> A is formed on the leg part, and the pivotal support part 12 </ b> A is a protruding part 1 </ b> D on both sides of the base 1. It is configured to be engaged with the groove 6 formed in the above-described manner, and to be pivotally supported with the pivotal support portion 12A as a fulcrum, and to be pivotably supported along the groove 6 in the horizontal direction. To have the above structure, the operation at the time of tilting Kiga inversion of the upper and lower swinging piece 12 having Tenkanko 13 becomes smooth.

A tip 13 of the swing piece 12 is provided with a converter 13, and a cutout hole 14 is formed in the converter 13. The converter 13 slides in the cutout hole 14 via a coil spring 15 that is closely wound. The child 16 is mounted so that it can move along the cam portion 9 of the plunger 8 described above. A protrusion 17 is formed below the rear end of the converter 13, and one end of a reversing coil spring 18 is engaged with the protrusion 20 at the tip of the movable contact piece 19. Therefore, when the position of the movable contact piece 19 rises with the operation of the converter 13, the movable contact portion 19B comes into contact with the fixed contact portion 3 of the fixed contact piece 2, the circuit is turned on, and when the position is lowered, the circuit is turned on. It becomes OFF.

10 to 12 are explanatory views of the operation of the three-position switch of the present invention.
(1) First, as shown in FIG. 10, when the push button 7 is not pushed, it is the same as FIG. 1, the movable contact piece 19 is lowered, and the circuit is in an OFF state.
(2) Next, as shown in FIG. 11, when the push button 7 is pushed (the push button 7 is lightly operated), the plunger 8 is pushed down. Then, although the cam portion 9 of the plunger 8 is also lowered, the slider 16 is pushed downward while being engaged with the steep inclined surface 9B of the cam portion 9, so that the projection 17 of the converter 13 faces upward. , reversing the coil spring 18 to its is inverted. Then, since the other end of the reversing coil spring 18 is engaged with the protrusion 20 of the movable contact piece 19, the movable contact piece 19 rises and contacts the fixed contact portion 3, so that the circuit is turned on. Become. When the operator releases the push button 7 in the state shown in FIG. 11 and releases the push button 7, the return spring 10 disposed in the recess of the base 1 pushes up the plunger 8, so that the state returns to the state shown in FIG. The circuit is turned off.

(3) Next, when the push button 7 of the three-position switch is further pushed in (the push button 7 is strongly operated), the fulcrum 11 of the converter 13 and the swing piece 12 is moved into the groove 6 as shown in FIG. The slider 16 moves over the steep inclined surface 9B and slides down the gentle surface 9A. Then, since the protrusion 17 below the rear end of the converter 13 faces downward, the movable contact piece 19 engaged with the other end of the reversing coil spring 18 moves downward, and the circuit is turned off. Become.

  With this configuration, for example, even when the operation target or the operator falls into some abnormal state and presses the push button more strongly, the circuit is turned off as shown in FIG. That is, when the push button is released or when the push button is further pressed, it acts as a fail safe, and can function as an extremely safe three-position switch for control operation.

Furthermore, the 3-position switch of the present invention has a plunger with a cam portion at the center and switch opening / closing portions with a quick action function on both sides, so it has a sense of stability and is compact and robust. can do.
Further, disposed on the left and right as shown in FIG. 4 the pair of fixed terminals 2 back and forth, the circuit of the fixed contact portion 3 of the stationary terminal 2 that face each other bridged by the movable contact piece 19 by the increase of the variable Dosehhen 19 Is closed, and the movable contact piece 19 is detached from the fixed contact portion 3 of the fixed terminal 2 opposed by the lowering of the movable contact piece 19 to open the circuit. Thus, since the opening / closing mechanism is arranged on the left and right, a total of two circuits can be opened and closed with one switch.

As described above, according to the present invention, in the event of a sudden abnormality of the operating machine, the circuit can be reliably shut off and many circuits can be opened and closed while being a compact switch.
In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example, A various deformation | transformation is possible based on the meaning of this invention, and these are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

  The three-position switch of the present invention can be used as a pushbutton switch having a fail-safe function in which the switch can be turned off even if the operator releases the pushbutton switch or further presses the pushbutton switch.

It is a structure sectional view of a 3-position switch showing an embodiment of the present invention. It is a whole perspective view of the base of the 3 position switch which shows the Example of this invention. It is a perspective view of the one side of the base of the 3 position switch which shows the Example of this invention. It is an arrangement view of fixed terminals of a three-position switch showing an embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the housing of the 3 position switch which shows the Example of this invention. It is a perspective view of the pushbutton of the 3 position switch which shows the Example of this invention. It is a perspective view of a plunger of a 3 position switch and a return coil spring showing an embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram of the movable contact piece of the 3 position switch which shows the Example of this invention. It is a perspective view of the rocking | fluctuation piece of the 3 position switch which shows the Example of this invention. It is a partial cross section figure which shows the 1st operation | movement aspect of 3 position switch of this invention. It is a partial cross section figure which shows the 2nd operation | movement aspect (lightly pressing operation) of the 3 position switch of this invention. It is a partial cross section figure which shows the 3rd operation | movement aspect (strongly pressing operation) of the 3 position switch of this invention.

1, 1A, 1B Base 1C Central protrusion 1D Protrusion on both sides 1E Locking part 1F, 1G, 8B, 17, 20 Protrusion 1H, 1J, 5B Fitting hole
7 B engagement hole 2 fixed terminal 3 fixed contact portion 5 housing 5A opening 6 groove 7 push button 7A stopper 8 plunger 8A guide portion 9 cam portion 9A gentle inclined surface 9B steep inclined surface 10 return coil spring 12 swinging piece 12A, 19A Pivot 13 Transducer 14 Hole 15 Close coiled coil spring 16 Slider 18 Reversing coil spring 19 Movable contact piece 19B Movable contact part

Claims (3)

(A) a housing attached to the base;
(B) a pushbutton having a plunger disposed at the center of the housing and provided with a cam portion in which a gentle inclined surface and a steep inclined surface are formed on both side surfaces;
(C) a return spring disposed between the lower portion of the plunger and the base;
(D) an oscillating piece pivotally supported by a groove formed in a horizontal direction in the base and having a converter with a slider engaged with the cam portion;
(E) a movable contact piece that responds to tilting of the swinging piece via a reversing spring;
(F) a fixed terminal that is fixed to the base and has a fixed contact portion that can come into contact with the movable contact piece by displacement of the movable contact piece;
(G) the first-stage pressing operation of the push button, while engaged with the cam portion, and the upper and lower inclined Kiga reversal of the oscillating piece, thereby the spring is reversed for the reversal, the inversion When the movable contact piece is raised by reversing the spring, the movable contact piece is brought into contact with the fixed contact portion of the fixed terminal to close the circuit, and when the push button is released at this point, the movable contact piece is moved from the fixed contact portion. Is opened, and the slider of the converter moves over the steep inclined surface of the cam portion and moves to the gentle inclined surface by the second step operation by further pressing the first-stage push button. by, and inversion and below the tilting Kigasara of the swinging piece, away the movable contact piece from the fixed contact portion in a reverse inversion lowers the movable contact piece of the reversing spring circuit 3 position switch characterized by opening the circuit.   2. The three-position switch according to claim 1, wherein a groove formed in the base in the horizontal direction enables the slider to move backward, and gently from a steeply inclined surface of the cam portion of the slider. A three-position switch that makes it easy to separate to an inclined surface.   3. A three-position switch according to claim 1, wherein one circuit is opened and closed on one side and two circuits are opened and closed on both sides.

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