JP4384482B2 - Fireproof protective structure for cables - Google Patents

Fireproof protective structure for cables Download PDF

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JP4384482B2
JP4384482B2 JP2003416066A JP2003416066A JP4384482B2 JP 4384482 B2 JP4384482 B2 JP 4384482B2 JP 2003416066 A JP2003416066 A JP 2003416066A JP 2003416066 A JP2003416066 A JP 2003416066A JP 4384482 B2 JP4384482 B2 JP 4384482B2
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heat insulating
cable
insulating material
fireproof
laid
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JP2005176563A (en
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耕治 岩田
秀雄 田中
功知 越智
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Nichias Corp
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Description

本発明は、トンネル内壁や橋梁下などの被敷設面に敷設されたケーブル(通信ケーブル、電気ケーブルなど)を火災から保護するための耐火防護ユニットに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a fireproof protective unit for protecting a cable (communication cable, electric cable, etc.) laid on a laying surface such as a tunnel inner wall or under a bridge from a fire.

壁面に敷設されたケーブルが配管のままむき出しであると、ケーブル近くで火災が発生した場合に、直ちにケーブルが損傷を受け、ケーブルが不通となってしまう。
例えば、トンネルの内壁にも各種ケーブルが敷設されているが、自動車事故などによってトンネル内に火災が発生した結果、その敷設されたケーブルが不通になってしまうことがある。
こうしたケーブル事故を防ぐために、敷設されたケーブルに耐火防護構造を施すことが考えられている。
If the cable laid on the wall surface is exposed as a pipe, when a fire occurs near the cable, the cable is immediately damaged and the cable is disconnected.
For example, various cables are laid on the inner wall of the tunnel, but as a result of a fire in the tunnel due to a car accident or the like, the laid cable may be disconnected.
In order to prevent such cable accidents, it is considered to provide a fireproof protective structure for the installed cables.

特許文献1及び2は、ケーブルの耐火防護構造としてこれまでに開示された先行技術の一例である。
特許文献1では、トンネル内のケーブル等を耐火板構造の保護ボックスによって囲んでトンネル空間より遮断させながら、その保護ボックス内にトンネルの内壁(コンクリート躯体)と接触する金属板を設けて、火災時に保護ボックス内に伝播した熱をトンネルのコンクリート躯体側へ逃がして、保護ボックス内の温度上昇を抑制するものである。
Patent Documents 1 and 2 are examples of prior arts that have been disclosed so far as fireproof protection structures for cables.
In Patent Document 1, a metal plate that is in contact with the inner wall (concrete frame) of the tunnel is provided in the protective box while enclosing the cable in the tunnel with a protective box having a fireproof plate structure and blocking from the tunnel space. The heat propagated in the protective box is released to the concrete frame side of the tunnel to suppress the temperature rise in the protective box.

また、特許文献2は、ケーブルの保護管用の耐火断熱マットを複数枚の無機質繊維製ブランケットで構成し、そのブランケットの区画された区画内に吸熱性を有し且つ熱伝導の低下をもたらす媒体の収容されているバッグを備えるものである。   Patent Document 2 discloses a medium that has a fireproof and heat insulating mat for a protective tube of a cable composed of a plurality of inorganic fiber blankets, has endothermic properties in the sections of the blankets, and causes a decrease in heat conduction. It is provided with an accommodated bag.

特開2002−360722号公報JP 2002-360722 A 特開2002−165347号公報JP 2002-165347 A

しかし、これまでのケーブルの耐火防護構造は、専ら火災時の耐火性能に力点がおかれている傾向があり、このため、施工性や設備の維持、長期安定性(保守・管理を含む)についての検討が不十分であるケースが見られる。
すなわち、トンネル内等で使用される場合は、安全な車輌運行のため、トンネル内の必要空間を確保する必要があり、耐火被覆構造を極力薄くする必要がある。また、設備維持のためのメンテナンスを必要とすると、維持管理コスト負担が大きくなってしまう。
そこで、本発明は、耐火防護性能のみならず、サイズ(薄さ)や耐久性についても考慮して、広く実用化に耐え得るケーブル用耐火防護技術を提供することを目的とする。
However, conventional fireproof protective structures for cables tend to focus exclusively on fireproof performance in the event of a fire. For this reason, workability, maintenance of equipment, and long-term stability (including maintenance and management) There are cases in which the examination of is insufficient.
That is, when used in a tunnel or the like, it is necessary to secure a necessary space in the tunnel for safe vehicle operation, and it is necessary to make the fireproof covering structure as thin as possible. In addition, if maintenance for equipment maintenance is required, the maintenance cost burden increases.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a cable fireproof protection technology that can withstand wide practical use in consideration of not only fireproof protection performance but also size (thinness) and durability.

上記目的を達成するために、第一の発明は、被敷設体に敷設されたケーブルを火災から保護するためのケーブル用耐火防護構造であって、ケーブルを囲むようにして被敷設体に取り付けられる外装材と、外装材の内面へ重ねるように積層される断熱材とを備え、積層した断熱材のうち、少なくとも一層の断熱層は、低熱伝導断熱材で形成されることを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, a first invention is a fireproof protective structure for a cable for protecting a cable laid on a laying body from a fire, and is an exterior material attached to the laying body so as to surround the cable And a heat insulating material laminated so as to overlap the inner surface of the exterior material, and among the laminated heat insulating materials, at least one heat insulating layer is formed of a low heat conductive heat insulating material.

第二、第三及び第四の発明は、断熱材についてのものである。すなわち、第二の発明は、低熱伝導断熱材が、平均粒径1〜100nmの微小無機粒子の多孔構造からなることを特徴する。ここで、低熱伝導断熱材の平均粒径は、好ましくは1〜50nm、さらに好ましくは5〜50nmである。
第三の発明は、低熱伝導断熱材が、800℃における熱伝導率が0.02W/m・K以上0.1W/m・K以下であることを特徴する。ここで、低熱伝導断熱材の熱伝導率は、0.02W/m・K以上0.05W/m・K以下であることが好ましい。
第四の発明は、低熱伝導断熱材が、平均繊維長0.5〜15mmの無機繊維を含むことを特徴とする。ここで、無機繊維の平均繊維長は、好ましくは0.5〜10mm、さらに好ましくは1〜10mmである。
The second, third and fourth inventions relate to a heat insulating material. That is, the second invention is characterized in that the low thermal conductive heat insulating material has a porous structure of fine inorganic particles having an average particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm. Here, the average particle size of the low thermal conductive heat insulating material is preferably 1 to 50 nm, more preferably 5 to 50 nm.
The third invention is characterized in that the low thermal conductivity heat insulating material has a thermal conductivity at 800 ° C. of 0.02 W / m · K or more and 0.1 W / m · K or less. Here, the thermal conductivity of the low thermal conductive heat insulating material is preferably 0.02 W / m · K or more and 0.05 W / m · K or less.
The fourth invention is characterized in that the low thermal conductive heat insulating material includes inorganic fibers having an average fiber length of 0.5 to 15 mm. Here, the average fiber length of the inorganic fibers is preferably 0.5 to 10 mm, and more preferably 1 to 10 mm.

第五の発明は、被敷設体への取り付け方についてのものである。すなわち、低熱伝導断熱材以外の断熱層は、無機繊維製のブランケットからなり、外装材と被敷設体に挟まれた無機繊維製ブランケットを圧縮させて被敷設体に取り付けることを特徴する。   The fifth invention relates to how to attach to the laying body. That is, the heat insulating layer other than the low heat conductive heat insulating material is made of an inorganic fiber blanket, and is characterized in that the inorganic fiber blanket sandwiched between the exterior material and the laying body is compressed and attached to the laying body.

第六の発明は、積層した断熱材の層間に金属箔が介在することを特徴とし、第七の発明は、被敷設体に取り付けられる外装材及び断熱材が、敷設前に予め外装材と断熱材を組み合わせた耐火防護ユニットをケーブル長手方向に連結してなることを特徴とする。   The sixth invention is characterized in that a metal foil is interposed between the layers of the laminated heat insulating material, and the seventh invention is characterized in that the exterior material and the heat insulating material attached to the laying body are preliminarily insulated from the exterior material before laying. It is characterized by connecting fireproof protection units combined with materials in the longitudinal direction of the cable.

本発明によれば、以下のような効果を有する。
(1)積層した断熱材のうち、少なくとも一層の断熱層は、低熱伝導断熱材で形成されることで、断熱材を薄くしても、断熱材の断熱性能を確保できる。従って、ケーブル用耐火防護構造も全体的に薄型にでき、取り付け場所において障害とならず、車輌等の円滑な通行を可能とする。
(2)低熱伝導断熱材が、長期的に安定な無機微粒子及び無機繊維から構成されることで、ケーブル用耐火防護構造の耐久性を備えながらも耐火性能を落とすことがない。従って、半永久的にメンテナンスを不要とする。
(3)低熱伝導断熱材以外の断熱層を、無機繊維製ブランケットとすることで、断熱材を軽量化でき、耐火防護構造の耐久性が向上する。
また、低熱伝導断熱材以外の断熱層を外装材と被敷設体に挟み、この断熱層を圧縮させて被敷設体に取り付けることで、火災時に取付部から熱が耐火防護構造内部に侵入することを防止できる。
(4)積層した断熱材の層間に金属箔を介在させることで、断熱層間の対流を抑えることができ、その結果、耐火防護構造の断熱性を向上できる。
(5)外装材及び断熱材が、敷設前に予め外装材と断熱材を組み合わせた耐火防護ユニットをケーブル長手方向に連結してなることで耐火防護構造をユニット化し、耐火防護構造の施工を極めて簡易かつ効率的に行える。
The present invention has the following effects.
(1) Among the laminated heat insulating materials, at least one heat insulating layer is formed of a low heat conductive heat insulating material, so that the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating material can be ensured even if the heat insulating material is thinned. Accordingly, the fireproof protective structure for the cable can be made thin overall, so that it does not become an obstacle at the mounting location and allows smooth passage of the vehicle or the like.
(2) Since the low thermal conductive heat insulating material is composed of inorganic fine particles and inorganic fibers that are stable for a long period of time, the fire resistance performance is not degraded while the durability of the fireproof protection structure for cables is provided. Therefore, maintenance is not required semipermanently.
(3) By using an inorganic fiber blanket as the heat insulating layer other than the low heat conductive heat insulating material, the heat insulating material can be reduced in weight, and the durability of the fireproof protective structure is improved.
In addition, the heat insulation layer other than the low thermal conductivity heat insulation material is sandwiched between the exterior material and the laying body, and this heat insulation layer is compressed and attached to the laying body, so that heat can enter the fireproof protective structure from the attachment part in the event of a fire. Can be prevented.
(4) By interposing the metal foil between the layers of the laminated heat insulating materials, convection between the heat insulating layers can be suppressed, and as a result, the heat insulating property of the fireproof protective structure can be improved.
(5) The fireproof protection structure is unitized by connecting the fireproof protection unit, which is a combination of the sheathing material and heat insulation material, in the longitudinal direction of the cable before laying, so that the construction of the fireproof protection structure is extremely Simple and efficient.

本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
図1は、本発明のケーブル用耐火防護構造(以下、単に「耐火防護構造」)を示す断面図である。
耐火防護構造10は、ケーブルを収納する配管70,70,70を囲むようにして被敷設体80に取り付けられる外装材20と、外装材20の内面に重ねるように積層した断熱材30とを備える。
なお、外装材10の材質は、SUSなどの金属製のものが好ましいが、これに限るものではない。また、配管70は、ブランケット71で被覆され表面にアルミ箔72を張り付けた断熱仕様となっているが、外装材20の内面に重ねるように積層した断熱材の構成によっては、これを必要としない。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a fireproof protective structure for cables according to the present invention (hereinafter simply “fireproof protective structure”).
The fireproof protection structure 10 includes an exterior material 20 that is attached to the laying body 80 so as to surround the pipes 70, 70, 70 that store the cables, and a heat insulating material 30 that is stacked so as to overlap the inner surface of the exterior material 20.
The material of the exterior material 10 is preferably made of metal such as SUS, but is not limited thereto. The piping 70 has a heat insulation specification that is covered with a blanket 71 and has an aluminum foil 72 attached to the surface, but this is not necessary depending on the configuration of the heat insulating material laminated so as to overlap the inner surface of the exterior material 20. .

外装材20は、ケーブル長手方向に沿った側部26を、被敷設体80と相対するように形成する。そして、断熱材30を介在させながら、その側部26と断熱材30のボルト孔31を貫通するようにボルト85を挿通して、外装材20は側部26の先端27を被敷設体80に非接触状態で取り付けられている。 The packaging material 20 is formed so that the side portion 26 along the cable longitudinal direction is opposed to the laying body 80. Then, while interposing the heat insulating material 30, the bolt 85 is inserted so as to penetrate the side portion 26 and the bolt hole 31 of the heat insulating material 30, and the exterior material 20 places the tip 27 of the side portion 26 on the laying body 80. It is attached in a non-contact state .

5層に積層された断熱材30は、真ん中の第3層を低熱伝導断熱材33で形成している。この低熱伝導断熱材33は、平均粒径1〜100nmの微小無機粒子からなる多孔構造であり、800℃における熱伝導率が0.02W/m・K以上0.1W/m・K以下であるため、断熱材30の断熱効果を高めることができる。このため、その他の断熱層36〜39を薄くでき、断熱材30全体を薄くできる。例えば、このような低熱伝導断熱材としては、日本マイクロサーム社製 パネル型マイクロサームやブロック型マイクロサーム、スラット型マイクロサームなどが入手可能である。   In the heat insulating material 30 laminated in five layers, the middle third layer is formed by the low heat conductive heat insulating material 33. The low thermal conductive heat insulating material 33 has a porous structure made of fine inorganic particles having an average particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, and has a thermal conductivity at 800 ° C. of 0.02 W / m · K or more and 0.1 W / m · K or less. Therefore, the heat insulation effect of the heat insulating material 30 can be enhanced. For this reason, other heat insulation layers 36-39 can be made thin, and the heat insulating material 30 whole can be made thin. For example, a panel type microtherm, a block type microtherm, a slat type microtherm, etc. manufactured by Nippon Microtherm Co., Ltd. are available as such a low thermal conductive heat insulating material.

一方、低熱伝導断熱材33は、微小無機粒子及び無機繊維からなるため、劣化しづらく、耐久性を備えながらも耐火性能を落とすことがない。これは無機材料(セラミック)がトンネル内の排ガスや湿度・温度変化の環境においても非常に安定的であるためである。
なお、本実施形態では、低熱伝導断熱材33を真ん中の第3層に配置しているが、これに限るものではなく、高温における熱伝導率が低いことが特徴である低熱伝導断熱材33は極力、外装材20側すなわち火災側に配置した方が効果的である。
On the other hand, since the low heat conductive heat insulating material 33 is made of fine inorganic particles and inorganic fibers, the low heat conductive heat insulating material 33 is not easily deteriorated and does not deteriorate fire resistance while having durability. This is because the inorganic material (ceramic) is very stable even in the environment of exhaust gas in the tunnel and humidity / temperature changes.
In this embodiment, the low heat conductive heat insulating material 33 is arranged in the middle third layer. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the low heat conductive heat insulating material 33 characterized by low heat conductivity at high temperature is It is more effective to arrange it on the exterior material 20 side, that is, on the fire side as much as possible.

低熱伝導断熱材33以外の断熱層36〜39は、セラミック繊維製ブランケットからなる。このため、断熱材30を軽量化でき、耐火防護構造10の耐久性が向上する。例えば、このようなセラミック繊維製ブランケットは、ニチアス社製 ファインフレックスブランケットなどが入手可能である。   The heat insulating layers 36 to 39 other than the low heat conductive heat insulating material 33 are made of a ceramic fiber blanket. For this reason, the heat insulating material 30 can be reduced in weight, and the durability of the fireproof protective structure 10 is improved. For example, a fine flex blanket manufactured by Nichias is available as such a ceramic fiber blanket.

また、低熱伝導断熱材33以外の断熱層のうち、最上層の断熱層36と最下層の断熱層39はその両側部を外装材20と被敷設体80に挟まれている。そして、ボルト85,85によってこの断熱層36,39を圧縮させて被敷設体80に取り付けている。この断熱層36,39の圧縮によって、火災時にボルト85の取付部から熱が耐火防護構造10内部に侵入することを防止できる。   Further, among the heat insulating layers other than the low heat conductive heat insulating material 33, the uppermost heat insulating layer 36 and the lowermost heat insulating layer 39 are sandwiched between the exterior material 20 and the laying body 80 on both sides thereof. The heat insulating layers 36 and 39 are compressed by bolts 85 and 85 and attached to the laying body 80. The compression of the heat insulating layers 36 and 39 can prevent heat from entering the inside of the fireproof protective structure 10 from the mounting portion of the bolt 85 in the event of a fire.

また、図示省略するが、積層した断熱材30の層間に金属箔としてアルミ箔やステンレス箔を介在させてもよい。アルミ箔やステンレス箔を断熱材30の層間に介在させることで、断熱材30の断熱層間の対流や輻射熱を抑えることができ、その結果、耐火防護構造10の断熱性を向上できるからである。   Although not shown, an aluminum foil or a stainless steel foil may be interposed as a metal foil between layers of the laminated heat insulating material 30. This is because by interposing aluminum foil or stainless steel foil between the layers of the heat insulating material 30, convection and radiant heat between the heat insulating layers of the heat insulating material 30 can be suppressed, and as a result, the heat insulating property of the fireproof protective structure 10 can be improved.

図2は、本発明のその他の実施形態を示す斜視図である。ここでは、耐火防護構造10を耐火防護ユニット11によってユニット化したものである。すなわち、被敷設体80に取り付けられる外装材20及び断熱材30を、敷設前に予め外装材20と断熱材30とを組み合わせた耐火防護ユニット11とし、これをケーブル長手方向に連結させて、耐火防護構造10を形成する。これにより、耐火防護構造10の施工を極めて簡易かつ効率的に行えるようになる。なお、符号13は、耐火防護ユニット11を被敷設体80に取り付けるための取付孔である。   FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention. Here, the fireproof protection structure 10 is unitized by a fireproof protection unit 11. That is, the exterior material 20 and the heat insulating material 30 attached to the laying body 80 are the fireproof protection unit 11 in which the exterior material 20 and the heat insulating material 30 are combined in advance before laying, and are connected in the longitudinal direction of the cable to A protective structure 10 is formed. Thereby, construction of the fireproof protection structure 10 can be performed very simply and efficiently. Reference numeral 13 denotes an attachment hole for attaching the fireproof protection unit 11 to the laying body 80.

本発明は、トンネルや橋梁に限らず、あらゆる場所(被敷設体)に敷設されたケーブル(通信ケーブル、電気ケーブルなど)を火災から保護するために用いることが可能である   The present invention is not limited to tunnels and bridges, and can be used to protect cables (communication cables, electrical cables, etc.) laid at any place (laying body) from fire.

第一実施形態を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows 1st embodiment. その他の実施形態を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows other embodiment.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

10 耐火防護構造
11 耐火防護ユニット
20 外装材
30 断熱材 33 低熱伝導断熱材
36〜39 断熱層
70 配管 80 被敷設体
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Fireproof protection structure 11 Fireproof protection unit 20 Exterior material 30 Heat insulation material 33 Low heat conduction heat insulation material 36-39 Heat insulation layer 70 Piping 80 Laying body

Claims (4)

被敷設体に敷設されたケーブルを火災から保護するためのケーブル用耐火防護構造であって、
ケーブルを囲むようにして被敷設体に取り付けられる外装材と、
外装材の内面へ重ねるように積層される断熱材とを備え、
積層した断熱材のうち、少なくとも一層の断熱層は、平均粒径1〜100nmの微小無機粒子の多孔構造からなる低熱伝導断熱材で形成されて、低熱伝導断熱材以外の断熱層は、無機繊維製のブランケットからなり、外装材と被敷設体に挟まれた無機繊維製ブランケットを圧縮させて被敷設体に取り付けるとともに、ケーブル長手方向に沿った外装材の側部を断熱材を介して被敷設体に相対するように形成して、当該側部の先端を被敷設体に非接触状態で取り付けることを特徴とするケーブル用耐火防護構造。
A cable fireproof protection structure for protecting a cable laid on an laid object from a fire,
An exterior material that is attached to the laying body so as to surround the cable;
And heat insulating material laminated so as to overlap the inner surface of the exterior material,
Among the laminated heat insulating materials, at least one heat insulating layer is formed of a low heat conductive heat insulating material having a porous structure of fine inorganic particles having an average particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, and the heat insulating layers other than the low heat conductive heat insulating material are inorganic fibers. It is made of a blanket made of plastic, and the inorganic fiber blanket sandwiched between the exterior material and the body to be laid is compressed and attached to the body to be laid, and the side of the exterior material along the longitudinal direction of the cable is laid through the heat insulating material. A fireproof protective structure for a cable , which is formed so as to face the body, and is attached to the laying body in a non-contact state with a tip of the side portion .
低熱伝導断熱材は、800℃における熱伝導率が0.02W/m・K以上0.1W/m・K以下であることを特徴する請求項1記載のケーブル用耐火防護構造。   2. The fireproof protective structure for cables according to claim 1, wherein the low thermal conductivity heat insulating material has a thermal conductivity at 800 ° C. of 0.02 W / m · K or more and 0.1 W / m · K or less. 積層した断熱材の層間に金属箔が介在することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載のケーブル用耐火防護構造。 The fireproof protective structure for a cable according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a metal foil is interposed between layers of the laminated heat insulating materials. 被敷設体に取り付けられる外装材及び断熱材は、敷設前に予め外装材と断熱材を組み合わせた耐火防護ユニットをケーブル長手方向に連結してなることを特徴とする請求項1からのいずれかに記載のケーブル用耐火防護構造。 The exterior material and heat insulating material attached to a to-be-laid body connect the fireproof protection unit which combined the exterior material and the heat insulating material beforehand before laying in the cable longitudinal direction, Either of Claim 1 to 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Fireproof protective structure for cables as described in 1.
JP2003416066A 2003-12-15 2003-12-15 Fireproof protective structure for cables Expired - Lifetime JP4384482B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106229893A (en) * 2016-08-08 2016-12-14 福建省马尾造船股份有限公司 A kind of method of cable laying

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6331489B2 (en) * 2014-03-05 2018-05-30 中国電力株式会社 Fireproof structure of cables in nuclear power plants.
CN104967059B (en) * 2015-04-08 2017-07-25 江苏宏强船舶重工有限公司 A kind of hull driver's cabin cable laying method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106229893A (en) * 2016-08-08 2016-12-14 福建省马尾造船股份有限公司 A kind of method of cable laying

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