JP4382960B2 - Screw press dehydrator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a screw press dewatering device for dewatering slurries such as sludge and water-containing resin pulverized material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Examples of this type of conventional screw press dehydrating apparatus include those described in JP-A No. 61-853 and JP-B No. 61-49039.
[0003]
Each of these screw press dehydrators includes a filter cylinder provided with a large number of filter holes, a screw provided in the filter cylinder, and a drive device that rotationally drives the screw, from the upstream side of the screw. As it reaches the downstream side, the slurry such as sludge that exists between the screw and the filter cylinder is dehydrated by applying a compressive force, the water is discharged from the filter hole of the filter cylinder, and the solid content (cake) after dehydration is filtered. It discharges from the downstream end of the tube.
[0004]
Further, in the former conventional apparatus, the entire screw is vibrated up and down by a vibration generator in order to promote separation of solid content and moisture.
[0005]
Further, in the latter conventional apparatus, a vibration generator that vibrates the sludge in the filter cylinder is provided in order to prevent the solid powder of sludge containing fibers from cross-linking in the filter cylinder.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above conventional screw press dewatering device, if the filter hole provided in the filter tube is clogged, the dewatering performance is seriously affected. Therefore, it is important to take some measures to prevent clogging. In each of the conventional devices described above, a vibration generator is provided, and it is considered that clogging can be eliminated to some extent by the action of the vibration generator. However, the purpose of vibration is not to prevent clogging in the first place. Therefore, there are various problems as a vibration generator for preventing clogging.
[0007]
That is, the former conventional device vibrates the entire screw by vibrating it up and down, so that an excessive torque corresponding to the weight of the entire screw and the weight of the slurry in the filter cylinder is required. As a result, a large-scale one is necessary, and power consumption is excessive. In addition, loosening and wear of machine parts are likely to occur, and it is necessary to consider the vibration resistance of the entire device, and the installation foundation etc. becomes excessive, leading to an increase in the size of the entire device, an increase in equipment costs, a reduction in throughput, etc. Become.
[0008]
In the latter conventional apparatus, the unbalance weight is rotated at a relatively high speed (several thousand revolutions / minute) by an electric motor in order to prevent crosslinking of the solid powder, while the amplitude is relatively small. Become. When using such a generator with a large vibration frequency and a small amplitude, especially when the strength of the solid content in the slurry is weak, the solid content easily escapes from the filtration hole, and the dehydration efficiency becomes very poor. In some cases, the filtrate becomes turbid and does not meet the wastewater standard, and it cannot be drained without wastewater treatment. Even when the solid content of the slurry is strong, clogging occurs in the filter hole when the solid content is relatively light, and the filter hole is clogged by the high-speed, low-amplitude vibration generated by the vibration generator as described above. It is often seen that solids cannot be removed. On the other hand, if the inverter is used, the rotational speed of the vibration generator can be reduced, but the excitation force is also greatly reduced accordingly, and vibration suitable for dehydration cannot be applied. Furthermore, although the vibration generator is a motor-integrated type, it is necessary to consider a waterproof structure from the filtrate drained from the filter hole of the filter cylinder.
[0009]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a screw press dewatering device including a vibration exciter capable of applying a vibration suitable for preventing clogging of a filter hole to a filter cylinder while having a simple structure.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has taken the following technical means.
[0011]
That is, the present invention provides a filter cylinder provided with a large number of filter holes, a screw provided in the filter cylinder, a driving device for rotationally driving the screw, and an impact force applied to the filter cylinder. A screw provided with a vibration device that vibrates the filter tube to prevent clogging of the filter hole, and applies a compressive force to the slurry existing between the screw and the filter tube from the upstream side to the downstream side of the screw In press dewatering equipment,
The vibration device includes a support member disposed on the outer peripheral side of the filter cylinder, an operation mechanism that reciprocates the support member, and a striking member attached to the support member, and the operation mechanism includes a rotating body, A cam member attached to the rotating body, a swinging member attached to the support member and pushed by the cam member to move the support member forward, and a biasing member returning the swinging member And the striking member is configured to strike the outer peripheral surface of the filter tube when the swinging member is moved back by the biasing force of the biasing member.
According to the present invention, the structure of the operating mechanism is simplified, and the striking force is applied by the urging force of the urging member while keeping the rotational torque of the rotating body low. The driving torque can be reduced, and the structure of the vibration exciter can be simplified, the cost can be reduced, and the power consumption can be reduced.
[0017]
Further, in the screw press dewatering device of the present invention, the compression direction of the slurry by the screw is an axial direction, and the striking member acts a striking force in a direction orthogonal to the compression direction on the filter cylinder. . According to this, the inertial force removed from the filtration hole to the outside by the striking force in the above direction can be accurately applied to the solid content that has been clogged in the filtration hole, and more efficient clogging prevention can be achieved. Figured.
[0018]
In the present invention, the slurry is a fluid mixture of solid and liquid, such as mud, suspension or sludge in which an aggregate of fine solids in the form of particles or powder is dispersed in a liquid. As long as it is, it is not limited to a specific one. For example, the slurry also includes mud generated when excavating the ground with a shield machine or the like, and water-containing plastic powder obtained by adding water to crushed plastic.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a screw press dewatering apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus 1 includes a filter cylinder 3 provided with a large number of filter holes 2, a screw 4 provided in the filter cylinder 3, a drive motor 5 that rotationally drives the screw 4, and a vibration device 6. ing.
[0020]
The filter cylinder 3 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and is fixed to the frame 7 so that its axis is along the horizontal direction. A slurry (sludge) supply hopper 8 is provided on the upstream side (shown on the right side) of the filter cylinder 3, and the dehydrated slurry solids (also referred to as cake) are discharged on the downstream side (shown on the left side). A discharge hopper 9 is provided. This filter cylinder 3 can be comprised using a wedge wire, and the filtration hole 2 can be comprised by the clearance gap between each wire.
[0021]
The screw 4 is provided with a spiral wing 4b around a screw shaft 4a, and the outer diameter of the wing 4b is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the filter tube 3. Further, the screw 4 in the illustrated example is such that the axial length of one turn of the blade portion 4b decreases as it reaches the downstream side, and slurry is transferred between the blade portion 4b and the blade portion 4b toward the downstream side. It compresses in the axial direction, dehydrates the liquid component from the slurry, and discharges the filtrate from the filtration hole 2. The screw shaft 4a can be configured to have the same diameter over the entire length, but can of course be configured to have a truncated cone shape that increases in diameter toward the downstream side.
[0022]
The vibration device 6 prevents the clogging of the filter hole 2 by vibrating the filter cylinder 3 by applying an impact force upward to a lower portion of the predetermined position in the axial direction of the filter cylinder 3. A support shaft 10 (support member) disposed on the outer peripheral side of the filter tube 3, an operating mechanism 11 for rotating and reciprocating the support shaft within a predetermined angle range, and a support shaft 10 The striking member 12 is provided.
[0023]
The support shaft body 10 is rotatably supported by the frame 7 via a bearing 13. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the support shaft body 10 is disposed on the lower side of the filter tube 3 and on the outer side of the filter tube 3, and the shaft center is the axis of the filter tube 3. It is made parallel to the mind.
[0024]
The striking member 12 includes an arm 12a attached to the support shaft 10 so as to be adjustable in the axial direction, and a hammer block 12b that strikes the lower portion of the filter tube 3. The arm 12a extends substantially horizontally from the support shaft 10 toward the lower portion of the filter tube 3, and the block 12b is fixed to the arm 12a with a bolt so that the mounting position can be adjusted. . Accordingly, when the support shaft 10 rotates and reciprocates around its axis, the hammer block 12b moves up and down in the lower part of the filter cylinder 3, and an impact force acts on the lower part of the outer peripheral surface of the filter cylinder 3 upward. Can be made.
[0025]
In the present embodiment, the striking member 12 is attached to a plurality of locations in the axial direction of the support shaft body 12. The number of attachments can be easily changed by attaching and detaching the arm 12a of the striking member 12 from the support shaft 10, and can be appropriately adjusted according to the properties of the slurry to be dehydrated.
[0026]
Further, it is preferable that a hammer head made of copper, synthetic resin, rubber or the like is attached to the hammer block 12b on the abutting side with the filter cylinder 3 in order to prevent wear of the filter cylinder 3.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 3, the operating mechanism 11 includes a rotating plate 14 (rotating body) that is rotationally driven by a motor 13, a cam roller 15 (cam member) attached to the rotating plate 14, and a support shaft body 10. A swinging member 16 that is attached and is pushed by the cam roller 15 to move the support shaft 10 forward, and a tension coil spring 17 (biasing member) that moves the swinging member 16 backward is provided.
[0028]
The rotating plate 14 has a disk shape and is fixed to the output shaft of the motor 13. The rotating plate 14 is provided with cam roller mounting portions 18 at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction (4 locations in the illustrated example), and appropriate positions (2 in the illustrated example facing the diametrical direction) of these mounting portions 18. The cam roller 15 is detachably attached at the location.
[0029]
The oscillating member 16 is fixed to one end of the support shaft body 10, extends in the axial direction of the rotating plate 14, a cam piece 16 a that abuts against the cam roller 15, and a cam piece 16 a Is provided with a spring mounting piece 16b extending in the opposite direction (upward in the illustrated example). The mounting piece 16b is provided with locking holes 20 at which one ends of the springs 17 are detachably locked at a plurality of positions at different distances from the shaft body 10, and one of the locking holes 20 is provided. One end of the spring 17 is selectively locked. On the other hand, the other end of the spring 17 is locked to a tip end of a screw shaft 22 that is screwed into a bracket 21 erected on the frame 7 so as to be able to advance and retreat. Therefore, the biasing force of the swinging member 16 and the impact force can be adjusted by moving the screw shaft 22 back and forth or by adjusting the mounting position of the spring 17 to the swinging member 16. is there.
[0030]
According to the vibration device 6 of the present invention, when the rotating plate 14 is driven to rotate by the motor 13, the cam roller 15 periodically pushes the cam piece 16 a of the swinging member 16, and the biasing force of the spring 17. The rocking member 16 is moved forward in the clockwise direction in FIG. 3, and the support shaft body 10 is rotated accordingly, and the hammer block 12 b of the striking member 12 moves downward, and the filter cylinder 3 The hammer block 12b is separated from the outer peripheral surface. When the rotating plate 14 further rotates and the engagement between the cam roller 15 and the cam piece 16a is disengaged, the oscillating member 16 and the support shaft body 10 are moved back at once by the urging force of the spring 17, and accordingly, the striking member 12 The hammer block 12b vigorously moves toward the outer peripheral surface of the filter cylinder 3, and the striking force in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the filter cylinder 3 is applied to the filter cylinder 3 by the striking member 12. Then, the solid content that has been clogged in the filter hole 2 is removed from the filter hole 2 due to its inertial force, and the filter hole 2 is cleaned together with the discharge of the filtrate from the inside of the filter cylinder 3, thereby clogging. Is prevented.
[0031]
The number of hits is preferably about 10 to 50 times per minute. The number of hits can be changed by changing the number of attached cam rollers 15 or by changing the number of rotations of the motor 13 by appropriate means such as an inverter. According to the mechanism of this embodiment, Since the impact force is not affected even if the impact cycle is changed, the impact cycle can be adjusted freely.
[0032]
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, by providing a striking member 12 that applies a striking force to the filter tube 3 near the lower portion of the supply hopper 8, the filter tube 3 is prevented from being clogged and the filtrate produced by the dehydration of the slurry is separated. The discharge can be performed quickly on the upstream end side of the filter cylinder 3, and the effect of subsequent compression and dehydration can be increased.
[0033]
Further, in order to adjust the striking position, the bolt 23 that fixes the arm 12a of the striking member 12 to the support shaft 10 is loosened, the arm 12a is moved in the axial direction, and then the bolt 23 is fastened. It can be done easily. Further, by attaching / detaching the arm 12a to / from the support shaft body 10, the number of attachments of the striking member 12 can be changed as appropriate, and the striking location can be easily increased or decreased.
[0034]
In the illustrated embodiment, the operating mechanism 11 including the motor 13 and the swing member 16 is disposed outside the machine frame 24 that supports the upstream ends of the filter cylinder 3 and the screw 4. The operating mechanism 11 is protected from the discharged filtrate by the machine frame 24, and it is not necessary to consider a separate waterproof measure for the operating mechanism 11.
[0035]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately changed in design. For example, the filter cylinder 3 and the screw 4 can be disposed along the vertical direction.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a vibration suitable for preventing clogging of the filter hole can be applied to the filter cylinder by applying a striking force to the filter cylinder while having a simple structure and a compact device configuration. Since the waveform is shocking, it is possible to efficiently remove the solid matter that has clogged the filtration holes. Furthermore, the structure of the operating mechanism is simplified, and the striking force is applied by the urging force of the urging member while keeping the rotational torque of the rotating body low, so that the driving torque of a driving device such as a motor is reduced. Therefore, the structure of the vibration exciter can be simplified, the cost can be reduced, and the power consumption can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a simplified cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of a screw press dewatering apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view corresponding to a cross section taken along line AA of FIG. 1 showing a relationship between a filter cylinder and a striking member of the apparatus.
3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view corresponding to a cross section taken along line BB in FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Screw press dehydrator 2 Filter hole 3 Filter cylinder 4 Screw 5 Drive device 6 Excitation device 10 Support member 11 Actuation mechanism 12 Impact member 14 Rotating body 15 Cam member 16 Oscillating member 17 Energizing member 18 Cam member attaching part

Claims (1)

A filter cylinder provided with a large number of filter holes, a screw provided in the filter cylinder, a drive device for rotationally driving the screw, and a striking force acting on the filter cylinder to vibrate the filter cylinder. In a screw press dewatering device that includes a vibration device that prevents clogging of the filter hole, and that exerts a compressive force on slurry existing between the screw and the filter cylinder from the upstream side to the downstream side of the screw,
The vibration device includes a support member disposed on the outer peripheral side of the filter cylinder, an operation mechanism that reciprocates the support member, and a striking member attached to the support member, and the operation mechanism includes a rotating body, A cam member attached to the rotating body, a swinging member attached to the support member and pushed by the cam member to move the support member forward, and a biasing member returning the swinging member A screw press dehydrator comprising: a striking member that strikes the outer peripheral surface of the filter tube when the swinging member is moved back by the biasing force of the biasing member .

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