JP4378144B2 - Wastewater treatment equipment - Google Patents

Wastewater treatment equipment Download PDF

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JP4378144B2
JP4378144B2 JP2003348602A JP2003348602A JP4378144B2 JP 4378144 B2 JP4378144 B2 JP 4378144B2 JP 2003348602 A JP2003348602 A JP 2003348602A JP 2003348602 A JP2003348602 A JP 2003348602A JP 4378144 B2 JP4378144 B2 JP 4378144B2
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tank
carrier
water
filtration
sludge
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JP2005111363A (en
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洋輔 田畑
俊彦 余合
宏治 長谷川
顕治 吉岡
伸悟 永峯
潤 松永
洋一郎 清水
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Fujiclean Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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Description

本発明は、被処理水の処理を行う排水処理装置に係り、詳しくは被処理水の濾過処理を行う構成を有する排水処理装置の構築技術に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment apparatus that performs treatment of water to be treated, and particularly relates to a construction technique of a wastewater treatment apparatus having a configuration for performing filtration treatment of water to be treated.

従来、一般家庭等から排出される排水や、産業廃水等の処理を行う排水処理装置につき、担体を用いて被処理水の濾過処理を行う構成のものが知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。
特許文献1に開示の排水処理装置は、好気性微生物が付着する担体を流動化させて被処理水の浄化処理を行う担体流動槽と、その担体流動槽の下流において担体を用いて被処理水中の汚泥を濾過する担体濾過槽を備えている。担体濾過槽では、通常運転時において汚泥を濾過した担体にエアを供給することによって当該担体を洗浄する逆洗処理や、槽底部に沈降・堆積した汚泥を槽外へ移送する(抜き出す)汚泥移送処理が行われる。
ところで、上記のように被処理水の濾過処理を行う担体濾過槽においては、当該担体濾過槽の逆洗処理や汚泥移送処理に関し処理効率の一層の合理化を図る要請がある。
特開2003−10871号公報
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a wastewater treatment apparatus that performs treatment of wastewater discharged from ordinary households, industrial wastewater, or the like has been known to perform a treatment treatment of water to be treated using a carrier (for example, Patent Document 1). reference.).
The waste water treatment apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a carrier fluid tank that fluidizes a carrier to which aerobic microorganisms adhere to purify treated water, and a treated water using the carrier downstream of the carrier fluid tank. The carrier filtration tank which filters the sludge of this is provided. In the carrier filtration tank, by supplying air to the carrier filtered sludge during normal operation, the carrier is washed back, and the sludge settled and deposited on the bottom of the tank is transferred (extracted) out of the tank. Processing is performed.
By the way, in the support | carrier filtration tank which filters the to-be-processed water as mentioned above, there exists a request | requirement of aiming at further rationalization of process efficiency regarding the backwash process of the said support | carrier filtration tank and sludge transfer processing.
JP 2003-10871 A

本発明は、かかる点に鑑みてなされたものであり、被処理水の濾過処理を行う構成を有する排水処理装置の合理的な構築技術を提供することを課題とする。   This invention is made | formed in view of this point, and makes it a subject to provide the rational construction technique of the waste water treatment equipment which has the structure which performs the filtration process of to-be-processed water.

前記課題を解決するために、本発明が構成される。なお、本発明は、特に濾過処理部の下方に堆積した堆積物を排出する堆積物排出運転の運転間隔が濾過処理部の洗浄処理を行う洗浄運転の運転間隔を下回るように構成することによって、排水処理装置の合理的な構築技術を実現できるようにした技術である。   The present invention is configured to solve the above problems. The present invention is particularly configured so that the operation interval of the deposit discharge operation for discharging the deposit deposited below the filtration processing unit is less than the operation interval of the cleaning operation for performing the cleaning process of the filtration processing unit, This is a technology that can realize a rational construction technology for wastewater treatment equipment.

(本発明の第1発明)
本発明の第1発明は、請求項1に記載されたとおりの排水処理装置である。
請求項1に記載の排水処理装置は、少なくとも濾過処理部、洗浄用流体供給手段、堆積物排出手段を有する。
濾過処理部は、被処理水の濾過処理を行う濾材が充填された領域である。本明細書でいう「濾材」とは、被処理水中に含まれる汚泥等の固形物(SS)を濾過可能な部材を広く含む主旨であり、浮上性ないし沈降性の粒状担体が本発明の「濾材」の典型例である。その他、粒状担体以外の規則性充填物によって構成される濾材も本発明でいう「濾材」の範疇に含まれるものとする。また、濾材は、濾過処理部に流動可能に充填される形態のものであってもよいし、あるいは濾過処理部に流動不能に充填される形態のものであってもよい。固形物(SS)等の被濾過物を含む被処理水が濾過処理部を流れることによって、被濾過物が濾材によって濾過されることとなる。
洗浄用流体供給手段は、濾過処理部に洗浄用流体を供給可能な機能を有する手段である。本明細書でいう「洗浄用流体」としては、エアをはじめとするガスや水等、濾過処理部に対し洗浄に好適なガス流や水流を付与することが可能な各種の流体を用いることができる。従って、洗浄用流体供給手段は、加圧された状態の洗浄用流体を濾過処理部へ向けて吐出する構成であるのが好ましい。この洗浄用流体供給手段が作動することによって、濾過処理部に洗浄用流体が供給されることとなる。
堆積物排出手段は、濾過処理部の下方に堆積した堆積物を排出可能な機能を有する手段である。典型的には、いわゆる「エアリフトポンプ」と称呼されるポンプのように、堆積物に対し吸引機能を有する構成の装置によって、本発明の堆積物排出手段が構成される。この堆積物排出手段が作動することによって、濾過処理部の下方に堆積した堆積物が堆積領域から当該領域外へ排出されることとなる。
(First invention of the present invention)
A first aspect of the present invention is a wastewater treatment apparatus as described in claim 1.
The waste water treatment apparatus according to claim 1 includes at least a filtration processing unit, a cleaning fluid supply unit, and a deposit discharge unit.
A filtration process part is an area | region filled with the filter medium which filters the to-be-processed water. The “filter medium” as used in the present specification is intended to widely include members capable of filtering solid matter (SS) such as sludge contained in the water to be treated. This is a typical example of “filter medium”. In addition, a filter medium constituted by a regular packing other than the granular carrier is also included in the category of “filter medium” in the present invention. In addition, the filter medium may be filled in the filtration processing section so as to be flowable, or may be filled in the filtration processing section so as not to flow. When the water to be treated containing the material to be filtered such as the solid material (SS) flows through the filtration processing unit, the material to be filtered is filtered by the filter medium.
The cleaning fluid supply means is a means having a function capable of supplying a cleaning fluid to the filtration processing unit. As the “cleaning fluid” as used in the present specification, various fluids that can provide a gas flow or water flow suitable for cleaning to the filtration processing unit, such as gas and water including air, are used. it can. Therefore, it is preferable that the cleaning fluid supply unit is configured to discharge the pressurized cleaning fluid toward the filtration processing unit. By operating the cleaning fluid supply means, the cleaning fluid is supplied to the filtration processing unit.
The deposit discharging means is a means having a function capable of discharging the deposit deposited below the filtration processing unit. Typically, the deposit discharging means of the present invention is configured by an apparatus having a suction function for deposits, such as a pump called a so-called “air lift pump”. By operating the deposit discharging means, the deposit deposited below the filtration processing unit is discharged from the deposition area to the outside of the area.

本発明では、濾過処理運転時において被処理水が濾過処理部を下方から上方へ向けて流れることによって当該被処理水が濾過処理されるようになっている。すなわち、濾過処理運転時に濾過処理部には被処理水の上向流が作用することとなる。
また、本発明では、洗浄運転時においてエア供給手段が作動することによって被処理水の濾過処理に使用された濾過処理部が洗浄処理されるようになっている。すなわち、濾過処理運転時に濾過処理部の濾材によって濾過され捕捉された被濾過物は、洗浄運転時にエア流によって濾材から剥離し、これにより濾材の洗浄処理(いわゆる逆洗処理)が行われることとなる。
また、本発明では、堆積物排出運転時において堆積物排出手段が作動することによって濾過処理部の下方に沈降し堆積した堆積物の排出が行われるようになっている。すなわち、洗浄運転によって濾材から剥離した被濾過物を含み濾過処理部の下方に沈降し堆積した堆積物は、堆積物排出運転時に堆積領域から当該領域外へ排出されることとなる。
特に、本発明では、堆積物排出運転の運転間隔が洗浄運転の運転間隔を下回るように構成されている。本態様は、例えば1日あたりの堆積物排出運転の運転回数が1日あたりの洗浄運転の運転回数を上回ることを意味する。
In this invention, the to-be-processed water is filtered by the to-be-processed water flowing toward the upper part from the lower part to the upper part at the time of filtration operation. That is, the upward flow of the water to be treated acts on the filtration treatment unit during the filtration treatment operation.
Moreover, in this invention, the filtration process part used for the filtration process of to-be-processed water is wash-processed by operating an air supply means at the time of washing | cleaning operation. That is, an object to be filtered that has been filtered and captured by the filter medium in the filtration processing section during the filtration operation is peeled off from the filter medium by the air flow during the cleaning operation, whereby the filter medium is washed (so-called backwashing process). Become.
Further, in the present invention, during the deposit discharging operation, the deposit discharging means is operated to discharge sediment deposited and deposited below the filtration processing unit. That is, the deposit that includes the object to be filtered separated from the filter medium by the cleaning operation and settles and deposits below the filtration processing unit is discharged from the deposition region to the outside of the region during the deposit discharging operation.
In particular, the present invention is configured such that the operation interval of the deposit discharge operation is less than the operation interval of the cleaning operation. This aspect means that, for example, the number of operations of deposit discharge operation per day exceeds the number of operations of cleaning operation per day.

本発明のように、被処理水が濾過処理部を下方から上方へ向けて流れる構成では、濾材によって濾過された被濾過物は、濾過処理部の各部位の濾材のうち上下方向に関し特に下側の濾材に捕捉され易くなり、捕捉された被濾過物はそのまま濾過処理部の下方に沈降し易い。そこで、例えば堆積物排出運転を洗浄運転にあわせて行わなくても、本発明のように洗浄運転よりも多い頻度で堆積物排出運転を行うことによって、堆積物の排出効果を高めるのに有効である。これに対し、堆積物排出運転を洗浄運転にあわせて行う場合や、洗浄運転の回数を堆積物排出運転の回数よりも増やした場合は、洗浄運転直後において水質が安定化するまでに要する時間が増え、洗浄運転が必要以上に過剰に行われることとなる。
また、本発明では、例えば1日あたりの堆積物排出運転の運転回数を複数回に分けるように設定することができる。このような設定によれば、1日1回程度堆積物排出運転を行う場合に比して、堆積物とともに排出される水量を抑えることができる。これにより、堆積物以外の水を不必要に抜き出す無駄な堆積物排出運転を防止することが可能となる。
また、本発明のように堆積物排出運転に比して洗浄運転の回数を抑えることによって、洗浄運転に関する省エネ効果が高まる。
In the configuration in which the water to be treated flows from the lower part to the upper part as in the present invention, the matter to be filtered that has been filtered by the filter medium is particularly lower in the vertical direction of the filter medium in each part of the filter process part. It is easy to be trapped by the filter medium, and the trapped material to be filtered tends to settle down as it is below the filtration processing section. Therefore, for example, even if the deposit discharge operation is not performed in accordance with the cleaning operation, it is effective to enhance the deposit discharging effect by performing the deposit discharge operation more frequently than the cleaning operation as in the present invention. is there. In contrast, when the sediment discharge operation is performed in conjunction with the cleaning operation, or when the number of cleaning operations is increased more than the number of sediment discharge operations, the time required for the water quality to stabilize immediately after the cleaning operation. As a result, the cleaning operation is performed excessively more than necessary.
Moreover, in this invention, it can set so that the frequency | count of the deposit | emission discharge | emission driving | operation per day may be divided into several times, for example. According to such setting, the amount of water discharged together with the deposit can be suppressed as compared with the case where the deposit discharging operation is performed about once a day. As a result, it is possible to prevent a waste deposit discharging operation for unnecessarily extracting water other than the deposit.
Moreover, the energy-saving effect regarding a cleaning operation increases by suppressing the frequency | count of a cleaning operation compared with the deposit discharge operation like this invention.

なお、本発明において、堆積物排出運転および洗浄運転の運転間隔や、例えば1日あたりの運転回数については、適宜設定可能である。例えば、堆積物排出運転の運転間隔が洗浄運転の運転間隔を下回るという条件下において堆積物排出運転および洗浄運転の運転間隔を適宜設定したり、1日あたりの堆積物排出運転の回数が1日あたりの洗浄運転の回数を上回るという条件下において堆積物排出運転および洗浄運転の運転回数を適宜設定することができる。また、堆積物排出運転や洗浄運転の運転間隔は、毎回一定である必要はなく、1回毎や所定回毎に異なってもよいし、あるいは運転条件や季節等に応じて異なるように設定してもよい。   In the present invention, the operation interval between the deposit discharge operation and the cleaning operation, for example, the number of operations per day can be set as appropriate. For example, under the condition that the operation interval of the sediment discharge operation is less than the operation interval of the cleaning operation, the operation intervals of the sediment discharge operation and the cleaning operation are appropriately set, or the number of times of the sediment discharge operation per day is 1 day. The number of operations for deposit discharge operation and cleaning operation can be set as appropriate under the condition that the number of cleaning operations per operation is exceeded. In addition, the operation interval between the sediment discharge operation and the cleaning operation does not need to be constant every time, and may be different every time or every predetermined time, or may be set to be different depending on the operation condition, season, etc. May be.

(本発明の第2発明)
本発明の第2発明は、請求項2に記載されたとおりの排水処理装置である。
請求項2に記載の排水処理装置は、請求項1に記載の構成において、さらに堆積物排出手段を介して排出された堆積物が貯留される堆積物貯留領域を備えている。そして、この堆積物貯留領域において固液分離された水が当該堆積物貯留領域外へ排出されるようになっている。
本発明において、例えば1日あたりの堆積物排出運転の運転回数を複数回に分けるような設定は、堆積物とともに一度に大量の水を堆積物貯留領域へ移送する場合に比して、堆積物貯留領域における堆積物と水との固液分離性能を向上させるのに有効である。すなわち、堆積物とともに一度に大量の水を堆積物貯留領域へ移送すると、堆積物貯留領域外へ排出される水の流量が増え当該水の中に汚泥が混入する可能性が高まるため、堆積物貯留領域における固液分離性能が低下する。これに対し、本発明のように、1日あたりの堆積物排出運転の運転回数を複数回に分け、堆積物貯留領域へ一度に移送する水の量を抑えることによって、堆積物貯留領域外へ排出される水の流量が増えるのを抑えることができ、堆積物貯留領域における固液分離性能を向上させることが可能となる。
(Second invention of the present invention)
A second invention of the present invention is the waste water treatment apparatus as described in claim 2.
A wastewater treatment apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention includes the deposit storage area in which the deposit discharged via the deposit discharge means is stored in the configuration according to the first aspect. And the water solid-liquid separated in this deposit storage area | region is discharged | emitted out of the said deposit storage area | region.
In the present invention, for example, the setting to divide the number of times of deposit discharge operation per day into a plurality of times is larger than the case where a large amount of water is transferred to the deposit storage area at once with the deposit. This is effective for improving the solid-liquid separation performance of sediment and water in the storage area. That is, if a large amount of water is transferred to the sediment storage area at once with the sediment, the flow rate of water discharged outside the sediment storage area increases, and the possibility of sludge mixing into the water increases. The solid-liquid separation performance in the storage area is reduced. On the other hand, as in the present invention, the number of times of deposit discharge operation per day is divided into a plurality of times, and the amount of water transferred to the deposit storage area at a time is reduced, thereby moving the deposit storage area outside. An increase in the flow rate of the discharged water can be suppressed, and the solid-liquid separation performance in the deposit storage region can be improved.

(本発明の第3発明)
本発明の第3発明は、請求項3に記載されたとおりの排水処理装置である。
請求項3に記載の排水処理装置は、請求項1または2に記載の構成において、濾過処理部に充填される濾材として浮上性の粒状担体が用いられている。本明細書でいう「浮上性の粒状担体」とは、見かけの比重が水よりも小さい各種の形状の粒状担体を広く含むものとする。
本発明の排水処理装置のこのような構成によれば、見かけの比重が水よりも大きい沈降性の担体を用いる場合に比して、洗浄運転時における担体の流動性がよく、当該担体の洗浄効率を向上させるのに有効である。すなわち、沈降性の担体を用いると、当該担体が濾過処理部において部分的に滞留し流動化しにくい場合があるが、浮上性の粒状担体は濾過処理部を円滑に流動することとなり当該担体の洗浄効率が向上する。従って、担体の洗浄効率の向上に伴い洗浄運転自体の頻度を抑えることができ、洗浄運転直後において水質が安定化するまでに要する時間が増えるのが確実に防止される。このように、浮上性の粒状担体を濾材として用いる構成は、洗浄運転が必要以上に過剰に行われるのを防止するのに有効である。
(Third invention of the present invention)
A third invention of the present invention is the waste water treatment apparatus as described in claim 3.
The waste water treatment apparatus according to claim 3 is the configuration according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a floating granular carrier is used as a filter medium filled in the filtration processing unit. The “floating granular carrier” referred to in the present specification widely includes granular carriers of various shapes whose apparent specific gravity is smaller than that of water.
According to such a configuration of the wastewater treatment apparatus of the present invention, compared to the case where a sedimentary carrier having an apparent specific gravity larger than that of water is used, the fluidity of the carrier during the washing operation is good, and the carrier is washed. It is effective for improving efficiency. In other words, when a sedimentary carrier is used, the carrier may be partially retained in the filtration treatment part and difficult to fluidize, but the floating granular carrier will flow smoothly through the filtration treatment part and wash the carrier. Efficiency is improved. Accordingly, the frequency of the cleaning operation itself can be suppressed as the carrier cleaning efficiency is improved, and it is reliably prevented that the time required for the water quality to stabilize immediately after the cleaning operation is increased. As described above, the configuration using the floating granular carrier as the filter medium is effective in preventing the washing operation from being performed excessively more than necessary.

(本発明の第4発明)
本発明の第4発明は、請求項4に記載されたとおりの排水処理装置である。
請求項4に記載の排水処理装置は、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の構成において、洗浄用流体供給手段を、洗浄用流体としてのエアを濾過処理部の下方から当該濾過処理部に供給可能な構成としている。典型的には、ブロワ等において送気されたエアを濾過処理部の下方から供給可能な構成の装置によって、本発明の洗浄用流体供給手段が構成される。この洗浄用流体供給手段が作動することによって、濾過処理部の下方から当該濾過処理部にエアが供給されることとなる。
本発明に記載の排水処理装置の構成によれば、例えば洗浄用流体として水を用いる場合に比して、エアによって形成される水流による洗浄効果に加えエア自体のバブリングによる洗浄効果が相乗されることとなり濾過処理部における濾材の洗浄処理効果が高まる。
(Fourth invention of the present invention)
A fourth aspect of the present invention is a wastewater treatment apparatus as set forth in the fourth aspect.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the waste water treatment apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the cleaning fluid supply means supplies air as a cleaning fluid to the filtration processing unit from below the filtration processing unit. It can be supplied. Typically, the cleaning fluid supply means of the present invention is configured by an apparatus configured to be able to supply air supplied from a blower or the like from below the filtration processing unit. By operating the cleaning fluid supply means, air is supplied to the filtration processing unit from below the filtration processing unit.
According to the configuration of the wastewater treatment apparatus described in the present invention, for example, compared with the case where water is used as the cleaning fluid, the cleaning effect by bubbling of the air itself is synergized with the cleaning effect by the water flow formed by the air. That is, the effect of cleaning the filter medium in the filtration processing section is enhanced.

以上のように、本発明によれば、特に、濾過処理部の下方に堆積した堆積物を排出する堆積物排出運転の運転間隔を、濾過処理部の洗浄処理を行う洗浄運転の運転間隔よりも短くなるように構成することによって、堆積物の排出処理や濾過処理部の洗浄処理を効率的に行うことが可能となり、これにより、被処理水の濾過処理を行う構成を有する排水処理装置の合理的な構築技術を実現することができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, in particular, the operation interval of the sediment discharge operation for discharging the deposit deposited below the filtration processing unit is set to be longer than the operation interval of the cleaning operation for performing the cleaning process of the filtration processing unit. By shortening the configuration, it becomes possible to efficiently perform the sediment discharge processing and the cleaning processing of the filtration processing section. Realistic construction technology can be realized.

以下に、本発明における「排水処理装置」の一実施の形態である排水処理槽100の構成等を図面に基づいて説明する。   Below, the structure etc. of the waste water treatment tank 100 which is one Embodiment of the "drainage processing apparatus" in this invention are demonstrated based on drawing.

図1には、本発明における一実施の形態の排水処理槽100の処理フローが示されており、図2には、当該排水処理槽100の処理槽本体101の内部構成が示されている。
図1および図2に示すように、本実施の形態の排水処理槽100は、処理槽本体101に、ばっ気型スクリーン110、流量調整槽120、計量調整装置130、夾雑物除去槽140、担体流動槽150、担体濾過槽160、消毒槽170、放流ポンプ槽180、消泡タンク190、汚泥濃縮貯留槽200等が搭載されている。
図1に示すように、排水処理槽100へ流入した汚水(被処理水)は、上記の構成要素によって処理され、処理後の水は放流ポンプ槽180の下流から排水処理槽100外へ放流される一方、夾雑物除去槽140や担体濾過槽160の処理過程で分離・除去された汚泥は、一旦汚泥濃縮貯留槽200に貯留されたのちに排水処理槽100外へ搬出される構成になっている。なお、本実施の形態では、各槽において処理される汚水(被処理排水)および当該汚水を処理する処理過程において流れる水を「被処理水」ないし「水」と記載する。
FIG. 1 shows a processing flow of a wastewater treatment tank 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows an internal configuration of a treatment tank main body 101 of the wastewater treatment tank 100.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the waste water treatment tank 100 of the present embodiment includes a treatment tank body 101, an aeration screen 110, a flow rate adjustment tank 120, a measurement adjustment device 130, a contaminant removal tank 140, a carrier. A fluid tank 150, a carrier filtration tank 160, a disinfection tank 170, a discharge pump tank 180, a defoaming tank 190, a sludge concentration storage tank 200, and the like are mounted.
As shown in FIG. 1, sewage (treated water) flowing into the wastewater treatment tank 100 is treated by the above-described components, and the treated water is discharged from the downstream of the discharge pump tank 180 to the outside of the wastewater treatment tank 100. On the other hand, the sludge separated and removed in the process of the contaminant removal tank 140 and the carrier filtration tank 160 is once stored in the sludge concentration storage tank 200 and then transported out of the waste water treatment tank 100. Yes. In the present embodiment, sewage (treated wastewater) to be treated in each tank and water flowing in the treatment process for treating the sewage are referred to as “treated water” or “water”.

図2に示すように、ばっ気型スクリーン110は、所定の大きさのスクリーン目を有し、流入口102を通じて処理槽本体101へ流入した被処理水中に含まれる粗大な固形物や砂などを除去する機能を有する。また、特に図示しないものの、ばっ気型スクリーン110にスクリーン目の目詰まり防止のためのエアが供給される構成になっている。ばっ気型スクリーン110を通過した水は、流量調整槽120へと移流する。   As shown in FIG. 2, the aeration type screen 110 has screens of a predetermined size, and removes coarse solids or sand contained in the water to be treated that has flowed into the treatment tank body 101 through the inlet 102. Has the function of removing. In addition, although not particularly shown, air for preventing clogging of the screen is supplied to the aeration type screen 110. The water that has passed through the aeration screen 110 is transferred to the flow rate adjustment tank 120.

流量調整槽120は、被処理水を一時的に貯留するリザーバタンクとしての機能を有する槽であり、この流量調整槽120には、計量ポンプ122および撹拌装置124が設置されている。
計量ポンプ122は、単位時間当たり所定の流量の被処理水を流量調整槽120から計量調整装置130へ移送する機能を有する流量調整用のポンプである。この計量ポンプ122は、例えば流量調整槽120内の被処理水中に水没して設置されるよう設定された、いわゆる「水中ポンプ」として構成される。なお、計量ポンプ122を、水中ポンプではなくエアリフトポンプによって構成することもできる。
撹拌装置124は、流量調整槽120内の水を撹拌する機能を有する装置である。この撹拌装置124として、典型的には供給エアのエア流によって水を撹拌する手段を用いることができる。
流量調整槽120内の水は、計量ポンプ122を介して計量調整装置130へと移送される。
なお、撹拌装置124をはじめ、後述する汚泥引き抜き手段144、散気装置154、逆洗装置164、返還手段168、汚泥引き抜き手段169、撹拌装置204おいて用いるエアは、特に図示しないものの、エアを送気するブロワから供給されるようになっている。
The flow rate adjustment tank 120 is a tank having a function as a reservoir tank for temporarily storing water to be treated. The flow rate adjustment tank 120 is provided with a metering pump 122 and a stirring device 124.
The metering pump 122 is a flow rate adjusting pump having a function of transferring water to be treated at a predetermined flow rate per unit time from the flow rate adjusting tank 120 to the metering device 130. For example, the metering pump 122 is configured as a so-called “submersible pump” that is set to be submerged in the water to be treated in the flow rate adjusting tank 120. Note that the metering pump 122 may be configured by an air lift pump instead of the submersible pump.
The stirring device 124 is a device having a function of stirring water in the flow rate adjusting tank 120. As the stirring device 124, typically, a means for stirring water by an air flow of supply air can be used.
Water in the flow rate adjusting tank 120 is transferred to the metering adjustment device 130 via the metering pump 122.
The air used in the agitation device 124, the sludge extraction means 144, the air diffuser 154, the backwash device 164, the return means 168, the sludge extraction means 169, and the agitation device 204, which will be described later, is not particularly shown. It is supplied from the blower that supplies air.

計量調整装置130は、被処理水の一部を流量調整槽120へ戻すことが可能となっており、これにより夾雑物除去槽140へ移送される被処理水の流量がコンスタントになるように適宜流量調整(計量)を行う機能を有する。すなわち、計量ポンプ122と計量調整装置130とは、夾雑物除去槽140以降の各処理槽に供給される被処理水の流量を調整することにより被処理水の供給過剰状態を未然に防止する機能を果たすものである。
計量調整装置130によって計量された水は、夾雑物除去槽140へと移流する。
The metering adjustment device 130 can return a part of the water to be treated to the flow rate adjustment tank 120, so that the flow rate of the water to be treated transferred to the contaminant removal tank 140 becomes constant as appropriate. Has the function of adjusting the flow rate (measuring). That is, the metering pump 122 and the metering adjustment device 130 prevent the excessive supply state of the water to be treated by adjusting the flow rate of the water to be treated that is supplied to each treatment tank after the contaminant removal tank 140. To fulfill.
The water weighed by the metering device 130 is transferred to the contaminant removal tank 140.

夾雑物除去槽140は、被処理水が含有する固形成分を、夾雑物として被処理水から分離させるための処理を行う槽であり、被処理水の固液分離機能を果たす。この夾雑物除去槽140には、移流管142および汚泥引き抜き手段144が設置されている。
移流管142は、上下方向に延在する第1延在部142aと、当該第1延在部142aから水平方向の延在する第2延在部142bを備えている。第1延在部142aは、その下端(入口部分)が夾雑物除去槽140内の水面よりも低所に配置されており、水平付近に滞留するスカムなどが担体流動槽150へと流出するのを防止する構成になっている。第2延在部142bは、その下流側にスリット状の担体分離装置(図示省略)が設置されており、後述する担体流動槽150の粒状担体C1が夾雑物除去槽140側へと流入するのを防止する構成になっている。夾雑物除去槽140内の水は、この移流管142を通じて担体流動槽150へと移流する。
汚泥引き抜き手段144は、固液分離によって得られた夾雑物(固形成分)を含む汚泥を引き抜いて汚泥濃縮貯留槽200へと移送する機能を有する手段である。この汚泥引き抜き手段144としては、移送管内へエアが供給されることでそのエア流によって被処理水を吸入し吐出する既知の構成のエアリフトポンプを用いることができる。
The contaminant removal tank 140 is a tank that performs processing for separating solid components contained in the water to be treated from the water to be treated as impurities, and fulfills a solid-liquid separation function of the water to be treated. In this contaminant removal tank 140, an advection pipe 142 and a sludge extraction means 144 are installed.
The advection tube 142 includes a first extending portion 142a extending in the vertical direction and a second extending portion 142b extending in the horizontal direction from the first extending portion 142a. The first extending portion 142a has a lower end (inlet portion) disposed at a lower position than the water surface in the contaminant removal tank 140, and scum or the like staying near the horizontal flows out to the carrier flow tank 150. It is the composition which prevents. The second extending portion 142b is provided with a slit-shaped carrier separation device (not shown) on the downstream side thereof, and a granular carrier C1 of the carrier fluidized tank 150 described later flows into the contaminant removal tank 140 side. It is the composition which prevents. The water in the contaminant removal tank 140 is transferred to the carrier flow tank 150 through the transfer pipe 142.
The sludge extraction means 144 is a means having a function of extracting sludge containing contaminants (solid components) obtained by solid-liquid separation and transferring it to the sludge concentration storage tank 200. As the sludge extraction means 144, an air lift pump having a known configuration that sucks and discharges water to be treated by the air flow when air is supplied into the transfer pipe can be used.

担体流動槽150は、その内部に多数の粒状担体C1が流動可能に充填された好気性処理領域を有する。粒状担体C1は、例えば中空円筒状に形成され、この粒状担体C1には被処理水中の有機汚濁物を好気性処理するための好気性微生物が付着する。この担体流動槽150は、担体充填部162によって濾過処理される前の被処理水が滞留可能な領域である。
また、この担体流動槽150には、移流管152および散気装置154が設置されている。
移流管152は、その入口部分が担体流動槽150の水面付近に配置されるとともに、後述する担体濾過槽160の担体充填部162よりも下部へと延在するように構成されている。また、この移流管152の入口部分には、担体流動槽150の粒状担体C1が担体濾過槽160側へと流入するのを防止するスリット状の担体分離装置(図示省略)が設置されている。担体流動槽150内の水は、この移流管152を通じて担体濾過槽160へと移流する。
散気装置154は、担体流動槽150内へエアを供給する装置であり、担体流動槽150内の粒状担体C1を流動化させるとともに、当該粒状担体C1に付着した好気性微生物に酸素を付与する機能を有する。これにより、好気性微生物によって被処理水中の有機物の好気性処理(酸化分解)が進行し、被処理水中のBOD成分の除去が効率的に行われるようになっている。このとき、有機物の好気性処理(酸化分解)によって、汚泥(泥状物質)等の固形物(SS)が生成する。
なお、本実施の形態では、消泡タンク190に貯留された消泡剤が担体流動槽150へ供給可能な構成になっている。消泡タンク190から消泡剤が供給されることによって、担体流動槽150内で発生する発泡を抑えることが可能となる。
The carrier flow tank 150 has an aerobic treatment region in which a large number of granular carriers C1 are filled so as to be flowable. The granular carrier C1 is formed in, for example, a hollow cylindrical shape, and aerobic microorganisms for aerobic treatment of organic contaminants in the water to be treated adhere to the granular carrier C1. The carrier fluid tank 150 is an area where the water to be treated before being filtered by the carrier filling unit 162 can stay.
The carrier flow tank 150 is provided with an advection tube 152 and an air diffuser 154.
The advection tube 152 is configured so that an inlet portion thereof is disposed in the vicinity of the water surface of the carrier flow tank 150 and extends below a carrier filling portion 162 of a carrier filtration tank 160 described later. In addition, a slit-shaped carrier separation device (not shown) that prevents the granular carrier C1 of the carrier flow tank 150 from flowing into the carrier filtration tank 160 is installed at the inlet portion of the advection tube 152. The water in the carrier flow tank 150 is transferred to the carrier filtration tank 160 through the transfer pipe 152.
The air diffuser 154 is a device that supplies air into the carrier fluid tank 150, fluidizes the particulate carrier C1 in the carrier fluid tank 150, and imparts oxygen to the aerobic microorganisms attached to the particulate carrier C1. It has a function. Thereby, the aerobic treatment (oxidative decomposition) of the organic matter in the treated water proceeds by the aerobic microorganism, and the removal of the BOD component in the treated water is efficiently performed. At this time, solid matter (SS) such as sludge (mud substance) is generated by aerobic treatment (oxidative decomposition) of organic matter.
In the present embodiment, the defoaming agent stored in the defoaming tank 190 can be supplied to the carrier flow tank 150. By supplying the antifoaming agent from the defoaming tank 190, it is possible to suppress foaming generated in the carrier fluidized tank 150.

担体濾過槽160は、担体C2が流動可能に充填される担体充填部162を有し、当該担体充填部162の下方に逆洗装置164を備えている。また、この担体濾過槽160には、返還手段168、汚泥引き抜き手段169等が設置されている。   The carrier filtration tank 160 has a carrier filling portion 162 filled with the carrier C2 in a flowable manner, and includes a backwash device 164 below the carrier filling portion 162. The carrier filtration tank 160 is provided with return means 168, sludge extraction means 169, and the like.

担体充填部162に充填された担体C2は、上記担体流動槽150における好気性処理で生じたSS(浮遊物質)等の固形生成物、および被処理水が含有していた固形成分を含む汚泥を捕捉する機能を有する。すなわち、被処理水が図2中の矢印で示すような上向流によって担体充填部162を上方へと流れる際に、被処理水に含まれる汚泥は担体C2によって濾過・分離される。本実施の形態では、担体C2として、浮上性の粒状担体、すなわち見掛けの比重が水よりも小さい担体が用いられている。この担体C2が、本発明および後述する態様1における「濾材」に対応しており、担体C2が充填される担体充填部162が、本発明および後述する態様1における「濾過処理部」に対応している。   The carrier C2 filled in the carrier filling unit 162 is a sludge containing solid products such as SS (floating matter) generated by aerobic treatment in the carrier flow tank 150 and solid components contained in the water to be treated. Has the ability to capture. That is, when the water to be treated flows upward through the carrier filling portion 162 by an upward flow as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 2, sludge contained in the water to be treated is filtered and separated by the carrier C2. In the present embodiment, a floating granular carrier, that is, a carrier having an apparent specific gravity smaller than that of water is used as the carrier C2. The carrier C2 corresponds to the “filter medium” in the present invention and the aspect 1 to be described later, and the carrier filling part 162 filled with the carrier C2 corresponds to the “filtration processing part” in the present invention and the aspect 1 to be described later. ing.

逆洗装置164は、定期的に行われる逆洗処理(逆洗運転)時に担体濾過槽160内へエアを供給する装置であり、担体充填部162に逆洗用流体としてのエアを供給可能な構成を有する。逆洗装置164が作動することによって、担体C2に捕捉(濾過)された汚泥等の被濾過物を当該担体C2から剥離させる機能(逆洗機能)が発揮される。担体充填部162の下方に配置されたこの逆洗装置164が、本発明および後述する態様1における「洗浄用流体供給手段」に対応しており、担体充填部162に供給されるエアが、本発明および後述する態様1における「洗浄用流体」に相当する。逆洗装置164の逆洗機能により担体C2から剥離した汚泥等の被濾過物は、沈降分離されて担体濾過槽160の槽底部に設けられた傾斜状のホッパー部166に集められるようになっている。   The backwashing device 164 is a device that supplies air into the carrier filtration tank 160 during backwashing processing (backwashing operation) that is performed periodically, and can supply air as backwashing fluid to the carrier filling unit 162. It has a configuration. By operating the backwashing device 164, a function (backwashing function) for separating the object to be filtered such as sludge trapped (filtered) by the carrier C2 from the carrier C2 is exhibited. The backwashing device 164 disposed below the carrier filling unit 162 corresponds to the “cleaning fluid supply means” in the present invention and the mode 1 described later, and the air supplied to the carrier filling unit 162 is This corresponds to the “cleaning fluid” in the invention and in aspect 1 described later. The matter to be filtered such as sludge separated from the carrier C2 by the backwashing function of the backwashing device 164 is settled and separated and collected in an inclined hopper 166 provided at the bottom of the carrier filtration tank 160. Yes.

返還手段168は、担体C2によって汚泥等の被濾過物が濾過されたあとの水を定期的に流量調整槽120へ返還する機能を有する手段である。また、汚泥引き抜き手段169は、固液分離によって担体濾過槽160の槽底部、すなわち担体充填部162の下方に堆積した汚泥等の堆積物を引き抜いて汚泥濃縮貯留槽200へと移送する機能を有する手段である。この汚泥引き抜き手段169が、本発明および後述する態様1における「堆積物排出手段」に対応している。
これら返還手段168および汚泥引き抜き手段169としては、前記の汚泥引き抜き手段144と同様に、移送管内へエアが供給されることでそのエア流によって被処理水を吸入し吐出する既知の構成のエアリフトポンプを用いることができる。
担体濾過槽160内の水は、移流開口を通じて消毒槽170へと移流する。
The return means 168 is a means having a function of periodically returning the water after the object to be filtered such as sludge is filtered by the carrier C2 to the flow rate adjusting tank 120. Further, the sludge extraction means 169 has a function of extracting the sediment such as sludge accumulated at the bottom of the carrier filtration tank 160, that is, below the carrier filling section 162, and transferring it to the sludge concentration storage tank 200 by solid-liquid separation. Means. The sludge extraction means 169 corresponds to the “sediment discharge means” in the present invention and the aspect 1 described later.
As these return means 168 and sludge extraction means 169, as in the case of the sludge extraction means 144, an air lift pump having a known configuration that sucks and discharges water to be treated by the air flow when air is supplied into the transfer pipe. Can be used.
The water in the carrier filtration tank 160 is transferred to the disinfection tank 170 through the transfer opening.

消毒槽170は、消毒剤172を備えており、担体濾過槽160から流入した水に適宜消毒処理を施したのちに消毒処理後の水を放流ポンプ槽180へと移流させるように構成されている。   The disinfection tank 170 includes a disinfectant 172, and is configured to transfer the water after disinfection to the discharge pump tank 180 after appropriately disinfecting the water flowing from the carrier filtration tank 160. .

放流ポンプ槽180は、浄化処理が施された水を一旦貯留するとともに槽内に貯留された水の放流を行う機能を有する。この放流ポンプ槽180には、浄化処理が施された水を放流口103を通じて放流ポンプ槽180外へ排出する放流用の放流ポンプ182が設置されている。この放流ポンプ182は、放流ポンプ槽180内に水没して設置されるよう設定された、いわゆる「水中ポンプ」として構成される。なお、放流ポンプ182を、水中ポンプではなくエアリフトポンプによって構成することもできる。
なお、必要に応じては放流ポンプ槽180を省略し、消毒槽170で処理した水をそのまま排水処理槽100外へ放流するように構成することもできる。
The discharge pump tank 180 has a function of temporarily storing the water subjected to the purification treatment and discharging the water stored in the tank. The discharge pump tank 180 is provided with a discharge pump 182 for discharging the purified water to the outside of the discharge pump tank 180 through the discharge port 103. The discharge pump 182 is configured as a so-called “submersible pump” set to be submerged in the discharge pump tank 180. In addition, the discharge pump 182 can also be comprised with an air lift pump instead of a submersible pump.
If necessary, the discharge pump tank 180 may be omitted, and the water treated in the disinfection tank 170 may be discharged out of the wastewater treatment tank 100 as it is.

汚泥濃縮貯留槽200は、前記構成の夾雑物除去槽140および担体濾過槽160から汚泥引き抜き手段144,169によって抜き出された汚泥等の堆積物を貯留する機能を有する。この汚泥等の堆積物は、汚泥濃縮貯留槽200内において固液分離されたのち当該汚泥濃縮貯留槽200から槽外へ適宜搬出されて別途処理される。この汚泥濃縮貯留槽200が、本発明および後述する態様2における「堆積物貯留領域」に対応している。
この汚泥濃縮貯留槽200には、当該汚泥濃縮貯留槽200と流量調整槽120とを連通する脱離液返送管202が設置されている。脱離液返送管202は、その入口部分が槽内の水位の中間領域に延在する構成であり、汚泥濃縮貯留槽200の中間領域に貯留された貯留物、すなわち槽底部において沈降・堆積する沈降性汚泥(スラッジ)と、槽上部において浮遊する浮上性汚泥(スカム)との間に滞留する脱離液を、流量調整槽120へと返送する機能を有する。この構成が、本発明における「堆積物貯留領域において固液分離された水が当該堆積物貯留領域外へ排出される構成」に相当し、本構成における流量調整槽120が本発明における「堆積物貯留領域外」に対応している。脱離液返送管202によって脱離液を流量調整槽120へ返送することによって、汚泥濃縮貯留槽200における汚泥の濃縮度合いを高めることができる。
また、この汚泥濃縮貯留槽200には、当該汚泥濃縮貯留槽200内の水を撹拌する機能を有する撹拌装置204が設置されている。汚泥搬出時に撹拌装置204を運転することによって、槽内の水が撹拌されて汚泥搬出時における汚泥の引き出しが容易になる。
The sludge concentration storage tank 200 has a function of storing deposits such as sludge extracted by the sludge extraction means 144 and 169 from the contaminant removal tank 140 and the carrier filtration tank 160 having the above-described configuration. The sediment such as sludge is solid-liquid separated in the sludge concentration storage tank 200 and then appropriately transported out of the sludge concentration storage tank 200 to be processed separately. This sludge concentration storage tank 200 corresponds to a “sediment storage region” in the present invention and the mode 2 described later.
The sludge concentration storage tank 200 is provided with a desorbed liquid return pipe 202 that allows the sludge concentration storage tank 200 and the flow rate adjustment tank 120 to communicate with each other. The desorbed liquid return pipe 202 has a configuration in which an inlet portion extends to an intermediate region of the water level in the tank, and sediments and deposits in the stored matter stored in the intermediate region of the sludge concentration storage tank 200, that is, the tank bottom. It has a function of returning the desorbed liquid staying between the sedimentary sludge (sludge) and the floating sludge (scum) floating in the upper part of the tank to the flow rate adjusting tank 120. This configuration corresponds to “a configuration in which the solid-liquid separated water in the sediment storage region is discharged out of the sediment storage region” in the present invention, and the flow rate adjustment tank 120 in this configuration is the “sediment in the present invention. It corresponds to “outside storage area”. By returning the desorbed liquid to the flow rate adjusting tank 120 through the desorbed liquid return pipe 202, the degree of sludge concentration in the sludge concentrated storage tank 200 can be increased.
The sludge concentration storage tank 200 is provided with a stirring device 204 having a function of stirring the water in the sludge concentration storage tank 200. By operating the agitation device 204 when the sludge is carried out, the water in the tank is agitated and the sludge can be easily drawn out when the sludge is carried out.

ここで、上記構成の排水処理槽100のうち担体濾過槽160の運転を図面を参照しつつ説明する。本実施の形態では、担体濾過槽160は、タイマー(図示省略)によって制御される以下の3つの運転モード、すなわち通常運転、汚泥引抜運転、逆洗運転を有する。さらに、逆洗運転は、逆洗準備工程、逆洗工程、汚泥引抜工程、処理水返還工程の4つの工程からなる。   Here, operation | movement of the support | carrier filtration tank 160 among the waste water treatment tanks 100 of the said structure is demonstrated, referring drawings. In the present embodiment, the carrier filtration tank 160 has the following three operation modes controlled by a timer (not shown), that is, normal operation, sludge extraction operation, and backwash operation. Furthermore, the backwashing operation is composed of four steps: a backwash preparation step, a backwash step, a sludge extraction step, and a treated water return step.

(通常運転)
通常運転では、処理槽本体101に流入した被処理水は、ばっ気型スクリーン110→流量調整槽120→計量調整装置130→夾雑物除去槽140→担体流動槽150→担体濾過槽160→消毒槽170の順で処理されて放流ポンプ槽180から放流される。
ここで、通常運転のモードにおける担体濾過槽160の状態が図3に示される。
図3に示すように、通常運転のモードにおける担体濾過槽160では、担体流動槽150で好気性処理された水が担体充填部162を下方から上方へ向けて流れることによって汚泥等の被濾過物が担体C2によって濾過・捕捉されて固液分離(濾過処理)される。そして、固液分離後の水は消毒槽170へと移流する。この通常運転が、本発明および後述する態様1における「濾過処理運転」に対応している。
(Normal operation)
In the normal operation, the water to be treated that has flowed into the treatment tank main body 101 is aerated screen 110 → flow rate adjustment tank 120 → metering adjustment device 130 → contaminant removal tank 140 → carrier flow tank 150 → carrier filtration tank 160 → disinfection tank. It is processed in the order of 170 and discharged from the discharge pump tank 180.
Here, the state of the carrier filtration tank 160 in the normal operation mode is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the carrier filtration tank 160 in the normal operation mode, water to be filtered, such as sludge, is obtained by the water aerobically treated in the carrier fluidization tank 150 flowing from below to above the carrier filling section 162. Is filtered and trapped by the carrier C2 and separated into solid and liquid (filtering treatment). Then, the water after the solid-liquid separation is transferred to the disinfection tank 170. This normal operation corresponds to the “filtration treatment operation” in the present invention and aspect 1 described later.

(汚泥引抜運転)
汚泥引抜運転のモードにおける担体濾過槽160の状態が図4に示される。
図4に示すように、汚泥引抜運転のモードにおける担体濾過槽160では、汚泥引き抜き手段169を作動させることによって、担体濾過槽160底部(担体充填部162の下方)に沈降し堆積した汚泥等の堆積物を含む水を汚泥濃縮貯留槽200へと移送する(抜き出す)。なお、この汚泥引抜運転のモードにおいて流量調整槽120の計量ポンプ122の作動を停止する。この汚泥引抜運転が、本発明および後述する態様1における「堆積物排出運転」に対応している。
(Sludge extraction operation)
The state of the carrier filtration tank 160 in the sludge extraction operation mode is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, in the carrier filtration tank 160 in the sludge extraction mode, sludge and the like settled and deposited on the bottom of the carrier filtration tank 160 (below the carrier filling part 162) by operating the sludge extraction means 169. The water containing the deposit is transferred (extracted) to the sludge concentration storage tank 200. The operation of the metering pump 122 of the flow rate adjusting tank 120 is stopped in this sludge extraction operation mode. This sludge extraction operation corresponds to the “sediment discharge operation” in the present invention and an aspect 1 described later.

(逆洗運転)
逆洗運転のモードにつき、逆洗準備工程における担体濾過槽160の状態が図5に示され、逆洗工程における担体濾過槽160の状態が図6に示され、汚泥引抜工程における担体濾過槽160の状態が図7に示され、処理水返還工程における担体濾過槽160の状態が図8に示される。なお、この逆洗運転のモードにおいて流量調整槽120の計量ポンプ122の作動を停止する。
(Backwash operation)
FIG. 5 shows the state of the carrier filtration tank 160 in the backwashing preparation process, and FIG. 6 shows the state of the carrier filtration tank 160 in the backwashing process, and the carrier filtration tank 160 in the sludge extraction process. 7 is shown in FIG. 7, and the state of the carrier filtration tank 160 in the treated water return step is shown in FIG. Note that the operation of the metering pump 122 of the flow rate adjusting tank 120 is stopped in this backwash mode.

図5に示すように、逆洗準備工程における担体濾過槽160では、逆洗工程前に返還手段168を作動させることによって、担体濾過槽160上部の水を流量調整槽120へと移送(返還)し、担体濾過槽160の水位を下げる。このように、逆洗工程前に担体濾過槽160の水位を下げることによって、その後に行う逆洗処理において逆洗水中のSSが消毒槽170側へ流出するのを防止する。   As shown in FIG. 5, in the carrier filtration tank 160 in the backwash preparation step, the return means 168 is operated before the backwash process, thereby transferring (returning) the water above the carrier filtration tank 160 to the flow rate adjustment tank 120. Then, the water level of the carrier filtration tank 160 is lowered. Thus, by lowering the water level of the carrier filtration tank 160 before the backwashing step, SS in the backwash water is prevented from flowing out to the disinfection tank 170 side in the subsequent backwashing process.

次に、上記逆洗準備工程に引き続き逆洗工程を行う。
図6に示すように、逆洗工程における担体濾過槽160では、返還手段168の作動を停止させ、逆洗装置164を作動させる。逆洗装置164が作動し担体濾過槽160内にエアが供給されると、担体充填部162に充填されている担体C2はこのエア流によって撹拌され、担体C2に捕捉されている汚泥等の被濾過物が剥離する。これにより、担体C2の洗浄処理が行われることとなる。特に、本実施の形態では、担体C2の逆洗用流体としてエアを用いているため、例えば洗浄用流体として水を用いる場合に比して、エアによって形成される水流による洗浄効果に加えエア自体のバブリングによる洗浄効果が相乗されることとなり担体充填部162における担体C2の洗浄処理効果が高まる。この逆洗工程が、本発明および後述する態様1における「洗浄運転」に対応している。
前記のように、本実施の形態では担体C2として浮上性の粒状担体を用いているため、見かけの比重が水よりも大きい沈降性の粒状担体を用いる場合に比して、逆洗工程における担体C2の流動性がよく、当該担体C2の逆洗効率を向上させるのに有効である。すなわち、沈降性の粒状担体を用いると、当該担体が担体充填部において部分的に滞留し流動化しにくい場合があるが、浮上性の粒状担体は担体充填部を円滑に流動することとなり当該担体の逆洗効率が向上する。従って、担体C2の洗浄効率の向上に伴い逆洗運転自体の頻度を抑えることができ、逆洗運転直後において水質が安定化するまでに要する時間が増えるのが確実に防止される。このように、浮上性の粒状担体を濾材として用いる構成は、逆洗運転が必要以上に過剰に行われるのを防止するのに有効である。
Next, a backwash process is performed following the backwash preparation process.
As shown in FIG. 6, in the carrier filtration tank 160 in the backwashing process, the operation of the return means 168 is stopped and the backwashing device 164 is operated. When the backwashing device 164 is activated and air is supplied into the carrier filtration tank 160, the carrier C2 filled in the carrier filling unit 162 is stirred by this air flow, and the sludge or the like trapped in the carrier C2 is covered. Filtrate peels off. Thereby, the washing | cleaning process of the support | carrier C2 will be performed. In particular, in the present embodiment, air is used as the backwashing fluid of the carrier C2, and therefore, in addition to the cleaning effect by the water flow formed by air, for example, the air itself as compared with the case where water is used as the cleaning fluid. As a result, the cleaning effect of the carrier C2 in the carrier filling portion 162 is enhanced. This back-washing process corresponds to the “washing operation” in the present invention and aspect 1 described later.
As described above, since the floating granular carrier is used as the carrier C2 in the present embodiment, the carrier in the backwashing step is compared with the case where a sedimentary granular carrier having an apparent specific gravity larger than that of water is used. C2 has good fluidity and is effective in improving the backwashing efficiency of the carrier C2. In other words, when a sedimentary granular carrier is used, the carrier may partially stay in the carrier filling portion and is difficult to fluidize, but the floating granular carrier flows smoothly through the carrier filling portion. The backwash efficiency is improved. Accordingly, the frequency of the backwashing operation itself can be suppressed as the cleaning efficiency of the carrier C2 is improved, and it is reliably prevented that the time required for the water quality to stabilize immediately after the backwashing operation is increased. As described above, the configuration using the floating granular carrier as the filter medium is effective in preventing the backwash operation from being performed excessively more than necessary.

次に、上記逆洗工程に引き続き汚泥引抜工程を行う。
図7に示すように、汚泥引抜工程における担体濾過槽160では、汚泥引き抜き手段169を作動させることによって、担体濾過槽160底部に沈降し堆積した汚泥等の堆積物を含む水を汚泥濃縮貯留槽200へと移送する(抜き出す)。
なお、この汚泥引抜工程および前記の汚泥引抜運転において、汚泥濃縮貯留槽200へ移送され汚泥等の堆積物は、当該汚泥濃縮貯留槽200内において分離される。汚泥濃縮貯留槽200では、槽底部において沈降・堆積した沈降性汚泥(スラッジ)と、槽上部において浮遊する浮上性汚泥(スカム)との間の脱離液を脱離液返送管202を通じて流量調整槽120へと返送することによって、当該汚泥濃縮貯留槽200における汚泥の濃縮処理が行われることとなる。
Next, a sludge extraction step is performed following the backwashing step.
As shown in FIG. 7, in the carrier filtration tank 160 in the sludge extraction step, the sludge extraction means 169 is operated to remove water containing sediment such as sludge that has settled and deposited on the bottom of the carrier filtration tank 160. Transfer to 200 (extract).
In this sludge extraction step and the sludge extraction operation, sediments such as sludge transferred to the sludge concentration storage tank 200 are separated in the sludge concentration storage tank 200. In the sludge concentration storage tank 200, the flow rate of the desorbed liquid between the sedimentary sludge (sludge) that has settled and accumulated at the bottom of the tank and the floating sludge (scum) that floats at the top of the tank is adjusted through the desorbed liquid return pipe 202. By returning to the tank 120, the sludge concentration process in the sludge concentration storage tank 200 is performed.

次に、上記汚泥引抜工程に引き続き処理水返還工程を行う。
図8に示すように、処理水返還工程における担体濾過槽160では、流量調整槽120の計量ポンプ122を作動させ、担体濾過槽160の水位を回復させる。同時に、返還手段168を作動させることによって、担体濾過槽160上部の水を流量調整槽120へと移送(返還)し、消毒槽170への移流がないようにする。このように、担体濾過槽160上部の水を流量調整槽120へと移送(返還)することによって、逆洗工程後に槽内に浮遊しているSSが消毒槽170側へ流出するのを防止する。
なお、この処理水返還工程が終了すると、上記通常運転に戻る。
Next, a treated water return process is performed following the sludge extraction process.
As shown in FIG. 8, in the carrier filtration tank 160 in the treated water return step, the metering pump 122 of the flow rate adjustment tank 120 is operated to restore the water level of the carrier filtration tank 160. At the same time, by operating the return means 168, the water in the upper part of the carrier filtration tank 160 is transferred (returned) to the flow rate adjusting tank 120 so that there is no advection to the disinfection tank 170. Thus, by transferring (returning) the water in the upper part of the carrier filtration tank 160 to the flow rate adjustment tank 120, the SS floating in the tank after the backwashing process is prevented from flowing out to the disinfection tank 170 side. .
In addition, when this process water return process is complete | finished, it returns to the said normal driving | operation.

本実施の形態では、担体濾過槽160における上記の汚泥引抜運転、および逆洗運転に関し所定のタイムスケジュールを設定している。ここで、担体濾過槽160における汚泥引抜運転、および逆洗運転に関するタイムスケジュールの一例が図9に示される。図9では、計5回分(#1〜#5)の汚泥引抜運転と計2回分(#1,#2)の逆洗運転を記載している。
図9に示すように、本実施の形態では、図4に示す汚泥引抜運転を6時間毎(運転間隔が6時間)に行い、図5〜図8に示す逆洗運転を24時間毎(運転間隔が24時間)に行うように設定されている。本態様が、本発明における「堆積物排出運転の運転間隔が洗浄運転の運転間隔を下回る。」との態様に相当する。すなわち、本実施の形態では、汚泥引抜運転が4回行われる毎に逆洗運転(特に、逆洗工程)が1回行われ、1日あたりの汚泥引抜運転の回数が1日あたりの逆洗運転の回数よりも多くなるように設定されている。
In the present embodiment, a predetermined time schedule is set for the sludge extraction operation and the backwash operation in the carrier filtration tank 160. Here, an example of the time schedule regarding the sludge extraction operation and the backwash operation in the carrier filtration tank 160 is shown in FIG. FIG. 9 shows the sludge extraction operation for a total of 5 times (# 1 to # 5) and the backwash operation for a total of 2 times (# 1 and # 2).
As shown in FIG. 9, in the present embodiment, the sludge extraction operation shown in FIG. 4 is performed every 6 hours (operation interval is 6 hours), and the backwash operation shown in FIGS. The interval is set to be 24 hours). This aspect corresponds to an aspect of the present invention that “the operation interval of the deposit discharge operation is less than the operation interval of the cleaning operation”. That is, in this embodiment, every time the sludge extraction operation is performed four times, the backwash operation (especially the backwash process) is performed once, and the number of sludge extraction operations per day is the number of backwash operations per day. It is set to be larger than the number of driving.

ここで、上記のような汚泥引抜運転および逆洗運転の回数、運転時間の間隔の設定は、以下のような理由に基づいている。
すなわち、本実施の形態のように被処理水が担体C2の担体充填部162を下方から上方へ向けて流れる構成では、担体C2によって濾過された汚泥等の被濾過物は担体充填部162の各部位の担体C2のうち上下方向に関し特に下側の担体C2に捕捉され易くなり、捕捉されたSSはそのまま担体濾過槽160の底部に沈降し易い。従って、汚泥引抜運転を逆洗運転にあわせて行わなくても、本実施の形態のように逆洗運転よりも多い頻度で汚泥引抜運転を行うことによって、担体濾過槽160外への汚泥等の堆積物の排出効果を高めるのに有効である。これに対し、汚泥引抜運転を逆洗運転にあわせて行う場合や、逆洗運転の回数を汚泥引抜運転の回数よりも増やした場合は、逆洗運転直後において水質が安定化するまでに要する時間が増え、逆洗運転が必要以上に過剰に行われることとなる。
Here, the number of sludge extraction operations and backwash operations as described above and the setting of the operation time interval are based on the following reasons.
That is, in the configuration in which the water to be treated flows from the lower side to the upper side of the carrier filling portion 162 of the carrier C2 as in the present embodiment, the matter to be filtered such as sludge filtered by the carrier C2 is separated from each of the carrier filling portions 162. Of the carrier C <b> 2 at the site, the carrier C <b> 2 is particularly likely to be trapped in the vertical direction, and the trapped SS tends to settle to the bottom of the carrier filtration tank 160 as it is. Therefore, even if the sludge extraction operation is not performed in accordance with the backwash operation, the sludge extraction operation is performed more frequently than the backwash operation as in this embodiment, so that sludge to the outside of the carrier filtration tank 160 can be removed. It is effective to enhance the sediment discharge effect. On the other hand, when sludge extraction operation is performed in conjunction with backwash operation, or when the number of backwash operations is increased more than the number of sludge extraction operations, the time required for water quality to stabilize immediately after backwash operation As a result, the backwash operation is performed excessively more than necessary.

また、本実施の形態のように1日あたりの汚泥引抜運転の運転回数を複数回に分ける設定によれば、1日1回程度汚泥引抜運転を行う場合に比して、汚泥等の堆積物とともに汚泥濃縮貯留槽200へ移送される水量を抑えることができる。これにより、汚泥等の堆積物以外の水を不必要に抜き出す無駄な汚泥引抜運転を防止することが可能となる。また、1日あたりの汚泥引抜運転の運転回数を複数回に分ける設定は、汚泥等の堆積物とともに一度に大量の水を担体濾過槽160から汚泥濃縮貯留槽200へ移送する場合に比して、汚泥濃縮貯留槽200における汚泥と脱離液との固体分離性能を向上させるのに有効である。すなわち、汚泥等の堆積物とともに一度に大量の水を担体濾過槽160から汚泥濃縮貯留槽200へ移送すると、脱離液返送管202を通じて汚泥濃縮貯留槽200から流量調整槽120へと返送される脱離液の流量が増え当該脱離液中に汚泥が混入する可能性が高まるため、汚泥濃縮貯留槽200における汚泥と脱離液との固液分離性能が低下する。これに対し、本実施の形態のように、1日あたりの汚泥引抜運転の運転回数を複数回に分け、担体濾過槽160から汚泥濃縮貯留槽200へ一度に移送する水の量を抑えることによって、脱離液返送管202を通じて汚泥濃縮貯留槽200から流量調整槽120へと返送される脱離液の流量が増えるのを抑えることができ、汚泥濃縮貯留槽200における汚泥と脱離液との固液分離性能を向上させることが可能となる。   Moreover, according to the setting which divides the frequency | count of the sludge extraction operation | movement per day into multiple times like this Embodiment, compared with the case where sludge extraction operation is performed about once a day, deposits, such as sludge. At the same time, the amount of water transferred to the sludge concentration storage tank 200 can be suppressed. Thereby, it becomes possible to prevent useless sludge extraction operation to unnecessarily extract water other than sediment such as sludge. Moreover, the setting which divides the frequency | count of the sludge extraction operation per day into multiple times is compared with the case where a large amount of water is transferred to the sludge concentration storage tank 200 from the carrier filtration tank 160 at a time together with deposits such as sludge. This is effective in improving the solid separation performance of sludge and desorbed liquid in the sludge concentration storage tank 200. That is, when a large amount of water is transferred from the carrier filtration tank 160 to the sludge concentration storage tank 200 at a time together with deposits such as sludge, it is returned from the sludge concentration storage tank 200 to the flow rate adjustment tank 120 through the desorbed liquid return pipe 202. Since the flow rate of the desorbed liquid increases and the possibility that sludge is mixed into the desorbed liquid increases, the solid-liquid separation performance between the sludge and the desorbed liquid in the sludge concentration storage tank 200 decreases. On the other hand, as in this embodiment, the number of operations of the sludge extraction operation per day is divided into a plurality of times, and the amount of water transferred at one time from the carrier filtration tank 160 to the sludge concentration storage tank 200 is suppressed. The increase in the flow rate of the desorbed liquid returned from the sludge concentration storage tank 200 to the flow rate adjustment tank 120 through the desorbed liquid return pipe 202 can be suppressed, and the sludge and desorbed liquid in the sludge concentration storage tank 200 can be prevented. It becomes possible to improve the solid-liquid separation performance.

ここで、担体濾過槽160における汚泥引抜運転の間隔を、当該担体濾過槽160の前槽(上流領域の槽)である担体流動槽150における被処理水の滞留時間に基づいて設定するのが好ましい。本実施の形態では、担体流動槽150における被処理水の滞留時間を勘案して、担体濾過槽160における汚泥引抜運転の間隔を約6時間に設定している。これにより、担体流動槽150において汚泥等の被濾過物を含む水が担体濾過槽160へと移流し担体流動槽150の水が入れ替わる毎に担体濾過槽160の槽底部に堆積した汚泥等の堆積物の引抜運転を行うこととなり、担体濾過槽160の槽底部に堆積した汚泥等の堆積物を確実に引き抜くことができ、且つ汚泥等の堆積物以外の水を当該堆積物ともに引き抜き過ぎないようなきめ細かな汚泥抜き出し操作を行うことが可能となる。
また、本実施の形態のように逆洗運転の回数を1日1回に抑えることによって、逆洗運転に関する省エネ効果が高まる。
Here, it is preferable to set the interval between the sludge extraction operations in the carrier filtration tank 160 based on the residence time of the water to be treated in the carrier fluidized tank 150 which is the previous tank (upstream area tank) of the carrier filtration tank 160. . In the present embodiment, in consideration of the residence time of the water to be treated in the carrier fluidized tank 150, the sludge extraction operation interval in the carrier filtration tank 160 is set to about 6 hours. As a result, each time the water containing the object to be filtered such as sludge is transferred to the carrier filtration tank 160 in the carrier flow tank 150 and the water in the carrier flow tank 150 is replaced, the sludge accumulated on the bottom of the carrier filtration tank 160 is accumulated. As a result, the deposits such as sludge accumulated on the bottom of the carrier filtration tank 160 can be surely extracted, and water other than the deposits such as sludge should not be drawn out together with the deposits. It becomes possible to perform a fine sludge extraction operation.
Moreover, the energy-saving effect regarding a backwash operation increases by restraining the frequency | count of a backwash operation to once a day like this Embodiment.

なお、本発明は、汚泥引抜運転および逆洗運転の運転間隔、1日あたりの運転回数については、上記実施の形態に限定されるものではない。例えば、汚泥引抜運転の運転間隔が逆洗運転の運転間隔を下回るという条件下において汚泥引抜運転および逆洗運転の運転間隔を適宜設定したり、1日あたりの汚泥引抜運転の回数が1日あたりの逆洗運転の回数を上回るという条件下において汚泥引抜運転および逆洗運転の運転回数を適宜設定することができる。   In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment about the driving | operation interval of a sludge extraction operation | movement and a backwash operation, and the frequency | count of an operation | movement per day. For example, when the operation interval of the sludge extraction operation is less than the operation interval of the backwash operation, the operation interval of the sludge extraction operation and the backwash operation is appropriately set, or the number of sludge extraction operations per day is The number of times of sludge extraction operation and backwash operation can be set as appropriate under the condition that the number of backwash operations is exceeded.

〔他の実施の形態〕
なお、本発明は上記の実施の形態のみに限定されるものではなく、種々の応用や変形が考えられる。例えば、上記実施の形態を応用した次の各形態を実施することもできる。
[Other Embodiments]
In addition, this invention is not limited only to said embodiment, A various application and deformation | transformation can be considered. For example, each of the following embodiments to which the above embodiment is applied can be implemented.

上記実施の形態では、担体濾過槽160の担体充填部162に浮上性の粒状担体を充填する場合について記載したが、浮上性の粒状担体にかえて沈降性の粒状担体を充填することもできる。また、粒状担体以外の濾材、例えば規則性充填物によって構成される濾材を担体充填部162に充填した構成としてもよい。   In the above-described embodiment, the case where the floatable granular carrier 162 is filled in the carrier filling section 162 of the carrier filtration tank 160 has been described. However, a sedimentary granular carrier can be filled instead of the floatable granular carrier. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which filled the support | carrier filling part 162 with filter media other than a granular support | carrier, for example, the filter medium comprised by a regular packing.

また、上記実施の形態では、汚泥引抜運転の運転間隔を毎回6時間とし、逆洗運転の運転間隔を毎回24時間としたが、汚泥引抜運転や逆洗運転の運転間隔は、毎回一定である必要はなく、1回毎や所定回毎に異なってもよいし、あるいは運転条件や季節等に応じて異なるように設定してもよい。   Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the operation interval of sludge extraction operation was 6 hours every time and the operation interval of backwash operation was 24 hours each time, the operation interval of sludge extraction operation and backwash operation is constant every time. There is no need, and it may be different every time or every predetermined time, or may be set differently depending on the operating conditions, seasons, and the like.

また、上記実施の形態では、逆洗運転時に担体充填部162にエアを供給することによっての担体C2の逆洗を行う場合について記載したが、担体C2の逆洗に用いる逆洗用流体はエア以外の流体であってもよい。例えば、エア以外のガスや水等を逆洗用流体として用いることができる。   In the above embodiment, the case where the carrier C2 is backwashed by supplying air to the carrier filling unit 162 during the backwash operation is described. However, the backwashing fluid used for backwashing the carrier C2 is air. Other fluids may be used. For example, a gas other than air, water, or the like can be used as the backwash fluid.

また、上記実施の形態において、排水処理槽100を構成する各槽の種類、数、配置等については必要に応じて適宜変更可能である。   Moreover, in the said embodiment, about the kind of each tank which comprises the waste water treatment tank 100, a number, arrangement | positioning, etc. can be suitably changed as needed.

また、上記実施の形態や種々の変更の形態に鑑み、本発明では以下の態様1〜態様4に記載の構成を採り得る。   Moreover, in view of the said embodiment and the form of various changes, in this invention, the structure as described in the following aspects 1-aspect 4 can be taken.

(態様1)
本発明では、「濾過処理運転時において、被処理水の濾過処理を行う濾材が充填された濾過処理部に対し、被処理水を前記濾過処理部の下方から上方へ向けて流すことによって当該被処理水の濾過処理を行い、
洗浄運転時において、前記濾過処理部に洗浄用流体を供給することによって当該濾過処理部の洗浄処理を行い、
堆積物排出運転時において、前記濾過処理部の下方に堆積した堆積物を排出する処理を行う排水処理方法であって、
前記堆積物排出運転の運転間隔が前記洗浄運転の運転間隔を下回る設定であることを特徴とする排水処理方法。」という構成(態様1)を採り得る。
(Aspect 1)
According to the present invention, “at the time of the filtration treatment operation, the water to be treated is caused to flow from the lower side to the upper side of the filtration treatment unit with respect to the filtration treatment unit filled with the filter medium for performing the filtration treatment of the water to be treated. Filter the treated water,
During the cleaning operation, the filtration processing unit is cleaned by supplying a cleaning fluid to the filtration processing unit,
A wastewater treatment method for performing a process of discharging deposits deposited below the filtration unit during the deposit discharge operation,
The wastewater treatment method, wherein an operation interval of the deposit discharge operation is set to be less than an operation interval of the cleaning operation. The configuration (embodiment 1) can be adopted.

この態様1では、濾過処理運転時において、被処理水の濾過処理を行う濾材が充填された濾過処理部に対し、被処理水を前記濾過処理部の下方から上方へ向けて流すことによって当該被処理水の濾過処理を行う。濾過処理部は、請求項1に記載の濾過処理部と同様の構成を有する。
また、洗浄運転時において、濾過処理部に洗浄用流体を供給することによって当該濾過処理部の洗浄処理を行う。濾過処理部へ洗浄用流体を供給するには、請求項1に記載の洗浄用流体供給手段と同様の構成の手段を用いることができる。
また、堆積物排出運転時において、前記濾過処理部の下方に堆積した堆積物を排出する処理を行う。濾過処理部の下方に堆積した堆積物を排出するには、請求項1に記載の堆積物排出手段と同様の構成の手段を用いることができる。
特に、本態様1では、堆積物排出運転の運転間隔が洗浄運転の運転間隔を下回る設定としている。本態様1は、例えば1日あたりの堆積物排出運転の運転回数が1日あたりの洗浄運転の運転回数を上回ることを意味する。
本態様1に記載のこのような排水処理方法を用いれば、請求項1において記載の作用効果と同様に、堆積物の排出効果を高める効果、堆積物とともに排出される水量を抑える効果、洗浄運転に関する省エネ効果等を有する。
In this aspect 1, during the filtration treatment operation, the water to be treated is caused to flow from the lower side to the upper side of the filtration treatment unit with respect to the filtration treatment unit filled with the filter medium for performing the filtration treatment of the water to be treated. Filter the treated water. The filtration processing unit has the same configuration as the filtration processing unit according to claim 1.
Further, during the cleaning operation, the filtration processing unit is cleaned by supplying a cleaning fluid to the filtration processing unit. In order to supply the cleaning fluid to the filtration processing unit, means having the same configuration as the cleaning fluid supply means according to claim 1 can be used.
Further, during the deposit discharging operation, a process of discharging the deposit deposited below the filtration processing unit is performed. In order to discharge the deposit deposited below the filtration processing unit, means having the same configuration as the deposit discharging means according to claim 1 can be used.
In particular, in the first aspect, the operation interval of the deposit discharge operation is set to be shorter than the operation interval of the cleaning operation. This aspect 1 means that the frequency | count of operation of the sediment discharge | emission driving | operation per day exceeds the driving | operation frequency | count of the washing | cleaning operation per day, for example.
If such a waste water treatment method described in the first aspect is used, the effect of increasing the sediment discharge effect, the effect of suppressing the amount of water discharged together with the deposit, and the cleaning operation, similar to the effect described in claim 1 It has energy-saving effects.

(態様2)
また、本発明では、「態様1に記載の排水処理方法であって、
前記堆積物排出手段を介して排出した堆積物を堆積物貯留領域に貯留させ、前記堆積物貯留領域において固液分離した水を当該堆積物貯留領域外へ排出することを特徴とする排水処理方法。」という構成(態様2)を採り得る。
(Aspect 2)
Further, in the present invention, “the wastewater treatment method according to aspect 1,
A wastewater treatment method characterized in that deposits discharged through the deposit discharge means are stored in a deposit storage area, and water separated into solid and liquid in the deposit storage area is discharged outside the deposit storage area. . The configuration (Aspect 2) can be adopted.

この態様2では、態様1に記載の排水処理方法において、堆積物排出手段を介して排出した堆積物を堆積物貯留領域に貯留させ、堆積物貯留領域において固液分離した水を当該堆積物貯留領域外へ排出する。
本態様2に記載のこのような排水処理方法を用いれば、請求項2において記載の作用効果と同様に、堆積物貯留領域外へ排出する水の流量が増えるのを抑えることができ、堆積物貯留領域における固液分離性能を向上させることが可能となる。
In this aspect 2, in the wastewater treatment method according to aspect 1, the deposit discharged through the deposit discharging means is stored in the deposit storage region, and the water separated in the deposit storage region is subjected to solid-liquid separation. Discharge out of area.
If such a wastewater treatment method described in the second aspect is used, it is possible to suppress an increase in the flow rate of water discharged out of the deposit storage area, similarly to the effect described in the second aspect. It becomes possible to improve the solid-liquid separation performance in the storage region.

(態様3)
また、本発明では、「態様1または態様2に記載の排水処理方法であって、
前記濾過処理部に充填される濾材として浮上性の粒状担体を用いることを特徴とする排水処理方法。」という構成(態様3)を採り得る。
(Aspect 3)
Further, in the present invention, “the wastewater treatment method according to aspect 1 or aspect 2,
A wastewater treatment method, wherein a floating granular carrier is used as a filter medium filled in the filtration unit. The configuration (Aspect 3) can be adopted.

この態様3では、態様1または態様2に記載の排水処理方法において、濾過処理部に充填される濾材として浮上性の粒状担体を用いるようにしている。
本態様3に記載のこのような排水処理方法を用いれば、請求項3において記載の作用効果と同様に、見かけの比重が水よりも大きい沈降性の担体を用いる場合に比して、担体の洗浄効率を向上させることが可能となる。従って、担体の洗浄効率の向上に伴い洗浄運転自体の頻度を抑えることができ、洗浄運転直後において水質が安定化するまでに要する時間が増えるのが確実に防止される。
In aspect 3, in the wastewater treatment method according to aspect 1 or aspect 2, a floating granular carrier is used as the filter medium filled in the filtration unit.
If such a wastewater treatment method according to the third aspect is used, as in the case of the effect described in the third aspect, compared to the case where a sedimentary carrier having an apparent specific gravity larger than that of water is used, Cleaning efficiency can be improved. Accordingly, the frequency of the cleaning operation itself can be suppressed as the carrier cleaning efficiency is improved, and it is reliably prevented that the time required for the water quality to stabilize immediately after the cleaning operation is increased.

(態様4)
また、本発明では、「態様1〜態様3のいずれかに記載の排水処理方法であって、
洗浄運転時において、前記洗浄用流体としてエアを前記濾過処理部の下方から当該濾過処理部に供給することによって当該濾過処理部の洗浄処理を行うことを特徴とする排水処理方法。」という構成(態様4)を採り得る。
(Aspect 4)
Moreover, in the present invention, “the wastewater treatment method according to any one of aspects 1 to 3,
A wastewater treatment method for performing a cleaning process of the filtration processing unit by supplying air as a cleaning fluid from below the filtration processing unit to the filtration processing unit during a cleaning operation. (Configuration 4).

この態様4では、態様1〜態様3のいずれかに記載の排水処理方法において、濾過処理部の洗浄用流体としてエアを用いるようにしている。
本態様4に記載のこのような排水処理方法を用いれば、請求項4において記載の作用効果と同様に、エアによって形成される水流による洗浄効果とエア自体のバブリングによる洗浄効果とが相乗されることによって濾過処理部における濾材の洗浄処理効果が高まる。
In this aspect 4, in the waste water treatment method according to any one of the aspects 1 to 3, air is used as a cleaning fluid for the filtration processing unit.
If such a waste water treatment method described in the fourth aspect is used, the cleaning effect by the water flow formed by the air and the cleaning effect by the bubbling of the air itself are synergistically similar to the effect described in the fourth aspect. As a result, the cleaning treatment effect of the filter medium in the filtration processing section is enhanced.

本発明における一実施の形態の排水処理槽100の処理フローを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the processing flow of the waste water treatment tank 100 of one Embodiment in this invention. 排水処理槽100の処理槽本体101の内部構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the internal structure of the processing tank main body 101 of the waste water processing tank. 通常運転のモードにおける担体濾過槽160の状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state of the carrier filtration tank 160 in the mode of normal operation. 汚泥引抜運転のモードにおける担体濾過槽160の状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state of the carrier filtration tank 160 in the mode of sludge extraction operation | movement. 逆洗運転のモードの逆洗準備工程における担体濾過槽160の状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state of the support | carrier filtration tank 160 in the backwashing preparation process of the mode of backwashing operation. 逆洗運転のモードの逆洗工程における担体濾過槽160の状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state of the carrier filtration tank 160 in the backwashing process of the mode of backwashing operation. 逆洗運転のモードの汚泥引抜工程における担体濾過槽160の状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state of the support | carrier filtration tank 160 in the sludge extraction process of the mode of a backwash operation. 逆洗運転のモードの処理水返還工程における担体濾過槽160の状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state of the support | carrier filtration tank 160 in the process water return process of the mode of a backwash operation. 担体濾過槽160における汚泥引抜運転、および逆洗運転に関するタイムスケジュールの一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the time schedule regarding the sludge extraction operation | movement in the support | carrier filtration tank 160, and a backwash operation.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

100…排水処理槽
101…処理槽本体
102…流入口
103…放流口
110…ばっ気型スクリーン
120…流量調整槽
122…計量ポンプ
124,204…撹拌装置
130…計量調整装置
140…夾雑物除去槽
142,152…移流管
144,169…汚泥引き抜き手段
150…担体流動槽
154…散気装置
160…担体濾過槽
162…担体充填部
164…逆洗装置
166…ホッパー部
168…返還手段
170…消毒槽
180…放流ポンプ槽
190…消泡タンク
200…汚泥濃縮貯留槽
202…脱離液返送管
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Waste water treatment tank 101 ... Treatment tank main body 102 ... Inlet 103 ... Outlet port 110 ... Aeration type screen 120 ... Flow rate adjustment tank 122 ... Metering pump 124,204 ... Stirrer 130 ... Metering adjustment apparatus 140 ... Contaminant removal tank Reference numerals 142, 152, advection pipes 144, 169, sludge extraction means 150, carrier fluid tank 154, air diffuser 160, carrier filtration tank 162, carrier filling section 164, backwash apparatus 166, hopper section 168, return means 170, disinfection tank 180 ... discharge pump tank 190 ... defoaming tank 200 ... sludge concentration storage tank 202 ... desorbed liquid return pipe

Claims (4)

被処理水の濾過処理を行う濾材が充填された濾過処理部と、前記濾過処理部に洗浄用流体を供給可能な洗浄用流体供給手段と、前記濾過処理部の下方に堆積した堆積物を排出可能な堆積物排出手段とを有する排水処理装置であって、
濾過処理運転時において被処理水が前記濾過処理部を下方から上方へ向けて流れることによって当該被処理水が濾過処理され、
洗浄運転時において前記洗浄用流体供給手段が作動することによって被処理水の濾過処理に使用された前記濾過処理部が洗浄処理され、
堆積物排出運転時において前記堆積物排出手段が作動することによって前記濾過処理部の下方に堆積した堆積物の排出が行われる構成であり、
前記堆積物排出運転の運転間隔が前記洗浄運転の運転間隔を下回るように構成されていることを特徴とする排水処理装置。
A filtration processing unit filled with a filter medium for filtering the water to be treated, a cleaning fluid supply means capable of supplying a cleaning fluid to the filtration processing unit, and deposits deposited below the filtration processing unit are discharged. A wastewater treatment device having possible sediment discharge means,
The water to be treated is filtered by flowing the water to be treated from below to above in the filtration treatment operation,
The filtration processing unit used for the filtration treatment of the water to be treated is washed by operating the washing fluid supply means during the washing operation,
It is a configuration in which deposits deposited below the filtration processing unit are discharged by operating the deposit discharge means during deposit discharge operation,
The waste water treatment apparatus is configured such that an operation interval of the deposit discharge operation is less than an operation interval of the cleaning operation.
請求項1に記載の排水処理装置であって、
前記堆積物排出手段を介して排出された堆積物が貯留される堆積物貯留領域を備え、前記堆積物貯留領域において固液分離された水が当該堆積物貯留領域外へ排出される構成であることを特徴とする排水処理装置。
A wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 1,
A deposit storage area for storing the deposit discharged through the deposit discharging means is provided, and water separated into solid and liquid in the deposit storage area is discharged outside the deposit storage area. A wastewater treatment apparatus characterized by that.
請求項1または2に記載の排水処理装置であって、
前記濾過処理部に充填される濾材として浮上性の粒状担体を用いた構成であることを特徴とする排水処理装置。
The wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
A wastewater treatment apparatus characterized in that a floating carrier is used as a filter medium filled in the filtration unit.
請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の排水処理装置であって、
前記洗浄用流体供給手段は、前記洗浄用流体としてのエアを前記濾過処理部の下方から当該濾過処理部に供給可能な構成であることを特徴とする排水処理装置。
The wastewater treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The wastewater treatment apparatus, wherein the cleaning fluid supply means is configured to be able to supply air as the cleaning fluid to the filtration processing unit from below the filtration processing unit.
JP2003348602A 2003-10-07 2003-10-07 Wastewater treatment equipment Expired - Fee Related JP4378144B2 (en)

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