JP4374982B2 - Storage battery deterioration determination device and storage battery provided with the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention particularly relates to a deterioration determination device for determining deterioration of a storage battery used in a vehicle, and a storage battery including this device.

  2. Description of the Related Art Lead storage batteries have been widely used in the past in order to supply electric power for starting an engine of a vehicle and various electric devices attached to the vehicle. It is important to determine the state of such a lead storage battery and perform maintenance as necessary for safe operation of the vehicle.

  As a method for discriminating the state of a lead storage battery, a method is known in which an indicator for detecting the electrolytic solution surface and electrolyte density of the storage battery is attached to the storage battery and the state is discriminated from these pieces of information. In addition, a method has been proposed for determining pass / fail based on an open circuit voltage of a storage battery, a voltage when discharged with a predetermined load, and an impedance value and a conductance value when an AC voltage is applied to the storage battery.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, the third electrode is inserted into a lead storage battery, the internal impedance is measured between the third electrode and the positive electrode, and the third electrode and the negative electrode, and the deterioration of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate is determined by the obtained impedance value. A method for determining the state is shown. The deterioration information of the storage battery obtained by such various methods is displayed as “good”, “attention required” or “replacement required” according to the state of deterioration, and is notified to the user. The user performs maintenance such as supplementary charging or replacement of the storage battery depending on the display.

  However, even if the determination by the state determination device as described above is “replacement required”, since the engine can still be actually started, the user continues using it without replacing the storage battery. In some cases, the engine could not be started.

  When the storage battery falls into a state where the engine cannot be started, the cause of the engine starting failure is almost simply determined as the deterioration of the storage battery, and is replaced and discarded. However, in reality, there are cases where the storage battery is temporarily discharged due to long-term leaving of the vehicle, forgetting to turn off the light, or the like, or the storage battery is not charged due to a failure of the charging system on the vehicle side.

  In addition, when the storage battery is normal but the engine ignition system or fuel system is abnormal, the engine starter operates normally, but the engine cannot be started. In such a case, even if the determination by the state determination device is “normal” or “requires replacement”, the user mistakenly recognizes that the engine start factor is in the storage battery, and in most cases, the storage battery is replaced. .

  In addition, as described above, the storage battery that has been “replaced” because it is temporarily discharged is discarded, although it can be reused by auxiliary charging. A storage battery that has become “required to be replaced” because the storage battery has deteriorated due to a failure on the vehicle side due to a failure in the charging system will not be corrected even if it is replaced. The vicious circle of deterioration due to the failure of the is repeated. As described above, even when the user replaces the storage battery because the engine cannot be started due to an abnormality in the ignition system or fuel system of the engine, the problem on the vehicle side is not corrected, and the inability to start the engine is not solved. In addition, since the user tries to start the engine many times, the discharge amount of the storage battery increases and the starter cannot be started.

This tells the user that the conventional storage battery status determination is simply that the storage battery has deteriorated, and tells you whether the storage battery deterioration factor is in the storage battery itself, on the vehicle side, or in the usage method of the user. It was not a thing. Therefore, there has been a problem that the user is not allowed to use the storage battery or take appropriate measures for the vehicle.
JP-A-4-87270

  The present invention is a vehicle capable of notifying the user whether the cause of the vehicle engine starting failure is in the storage battery main body, the vehicle side, or the usage of the user in the state determination of the vehicle storage battery as described above. A battery storage battery deterioration determination device is provided. The user can perform appropriate maintenance for storage battery deterioration according to the notification information.

In order to solve the above-described problem, an invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is a deterioration determination device for an engine starting storage battery used in a vehicle, and the terminal voltage of the storage battery (at a predetermined time interval (ΔT)) V) and voltage measurement storage means for storing terminal voltage data, and further comprising starter activation detection means for detecting activation of a starter for starting an engine based on the terminal voltage data, and after the starter is activated The engine start determination means for determining whether the engine start is completed based on the terminal voltage data, and when the engine start is completed in the engine start determination, the vehicle charging system is normal or abnormal based on the terminal voltage data. In the case where the engine start is not completed in the engine start determination, the charging system determination means for determining whether or not there is, And deterioration determining means for determining deterioration of accumulator on the basis of the determination result and the serial terminal voltage data in the charging system determining means, comprising display means for displaying the result of determination, generates the charge history-based determination unit charging system abnormality And when the engine start determination means determines that the engine start has not been completed, and the occurrence history of the charging system abnormality has occurred with reference to the generation history, the deterioration determination means A storage battery deterioration determining device is characterized in that it is determined that a cause of inability to start is due to a charging system abnormality .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the storage battery deterioration determination device according to the first aspect, the terminal voltage at the start time (T) of the predetermined time interval (ΔT) is represented by V _T and the predetermined time interval ( the terminal voltage at the end time (T + [delta] T) of the [delta] T) and V _{T +} delta _T, the V absolute value of the difference between the _T and _{V T + Δ T (| V} T -V T + Δ T |) ΔV represented by the first first determination value (V ₁₎ or more, and that the starter when at least one of the V _T and V _{T +} delta _T is less than the second predetermined voltage (V _2), characterized in that the sensing and started It is.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the storage battery deterioration determination device according to the first or second aspect, when the starter is detected, the starter is detected from the voltage measurement storage means. Referring to data of the terminal voltage Vt ₁ of the storage battery before the _first predetermined time t ₁ from the time T ′ thus measured, the data is measured after the second predetermined time t ₂ seconds from the terminal voltage V _t1 and the starter activation detection time. The obtained terminal voltage V _t2 is compared, and when V _t2 ≧ V _t1, it is determined that the engine has started, and when V _t2 <V _t1, it is determined that the engine has not started. It is a feature.

  Further, the invention according to claim 4 of the present invention is the storage battery deterioration determination device according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the charging system determination means determines that the terminal voltage after the engine start is completed is a predetermined determination. When the value is outside the range of the value range, the charging system is determined to be abnormal.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the storage battery deterioration determination device according to the first to fourth aspects, a minimum value Vs of the terminal voltage (V) of the storage battery measured at the time of starting the engine is obtained. When the Vs value is equal to or greater than the third determination value V ₃ , the deterioration determination means determines that the engine cannot be started due to a factor on the vehicle side, and the Vs value is less than the determination value V _3. And when there is a history of occurrence of the charging system abnormality, the deterioration determining means determines that the cause of the engine start failure is due to the vehicle charging system abnormality, and the Vs value is less than the determination value V _3. In addition, when there is no occurrence history of the charging system abnormality, the deterioration determining means determines that the engine start impossible factor is due to the storage battery main body.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the storage battery deterioration determining device according to the fifth aspect , the starter activation detecting means detects a time T ′ before the third predetermined time t ₃ from when the starter is detected to be activated. Between the time (T′−t ₃ ) and the time (T ′ + t ₄ ) after the _fourth predetermined time t ₄ from the time T ′, the minimum value of the terminal voltage measured by the voltage measurement storage means is the Vs value. It is characterized by that.

Further, the invention according to claim 7 of the present invention, the deterioration determining apparatus of a storage battery according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the Vs value is not the third determination value V ₃ below and generation history of the vehicle charging system abnormality In this case, the voltage measuring means refers to the terminal voltage Va before the time T ′ when the starter activation detecting means detects that the starter has been activated and when the starter is not activated. When the Va value is less than the _fourth determination value V ₄ , the deterioration determining means determines that the storage battery is in a discharged state.

An invention according to claim 8 of the present invention shows a storage battery that is integrally provided with the deterioration determination device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 .

  When the engine cannot be started by using the vehicle storage battery state determination device of the present invention or the vehicle storage battery provided with the vehicle storage battery, it is due to deterioration of the storage battery body or due to a temporary discharge state. By determining whether or not the storage battery has failed due to a cause on the vehicle side, the user can take an appropriate measure for the engine start failure.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a storage battery deterioration determination device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The terminal voltage (V) of the storage battery 2 is measured at an appropriate time interval (ΔT) by the voltage measurement storage means 3 connected to the storage battery 2. The terminal voltage (V) data is stored in storage means such as a memory provided in the voltage measurement storage means 3. Here, the time interval of the terminal voltage measurement can be about 1 to 100 mS.

  A starter activation detection unit 4 is connected to the voltage measurement storage unit 3. This starter activation detection means detects whether the starter is activated by connecting a starter (not shown) for starting an engine of a vehicle equipped with the storage battery 2 and the storage battery 2. This starter activation detection is performed by terminal voltage (V) data stored in the voltage measurement storage means 3.

The starter activation detection based on the terminal voltage (V) is preferably performed in the following steps. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a time change of the terminal voltage of the storage battery at the start of the starter. As shown in FIG. 2, in the terminal voltage (V) measured at each time interval (ΔT), the terminal voltage measured at time (T) is V _T , and the next measurement, that is, at time (T + ΔT). the measured terminal voltage and V _{T +} Δ _T, determined by calculating the absolute value of the difference between these two terminals voltage values represented by the formula (1).

ΔV = | V _T −V _{T +} Δ _T | Formula (1)
The ΔV value obtained as described above is equal to or higher than the _first determination voltage (V ₁ ), and the lower one of the two terminal voltage values V _T and V _{T +} Δ _T is the second determination voltage. When it is less than the voltage (V ₂ ), it is detected that the starter has started. Note that when the storage battery 2 is 12V-based lead-acid battery, as an example of a first determination voltage (V ₁₎ and the second determination voltage (V _2), to a value of about 2.0V and 11.0V, respectively Can do.

There are various discharge loads generated in the storage battery when the engine is stopped. For example, hazard lights, car audio, navigation systems, etc. are used during the daily routine when the engine is stopped. When monitoring the terminal voltage value or the voltage change value alone, it may be difficult to determine whether the discharge load applied to the storage battery is due to starter activation or other than starter activation. Therefore, if the absolute value (ΔV) of the difference between the terminal voltage values as described above and the terminal voltage value are determined by the first determination voltage (V ₁ ) and the second determination voltage (V ₂ ) corresponding to each, Starter activation can be detected with higher accuracy.

As described above, when the starter activation detection unit 4 detects the activation of the engine starter, the engine start determination unit 5 determines whether or not the engine start has been completed.
This engine start completion determination is made based on the terminal voltage (V) value measured and stored in the voltage measurement storage means 3.

  The terminal voltage (V) can be used to determine whether the engine has been started as described below.

As shown in FIG. 2, the terminal voltage V _t1 of the storage battery 2 before the _first predetermined time t ₁ from the time T ′ when the starter activation is detected, and the second predetermined time t ₂ from the time when the starter activation is detected. The terminal voltage V _t2 of the subsequent storage battery 2 is acquired from the voltage measurement storage means. Then, by comparing these voltages, it is determined whether or not the engine start has been completed. That is, when V _t2 ≧ V _t1 , it is determined that the engine start is completed, and when V _t2 <V _t1 , it is determined that the engine start is not completed, that is, the engine cannot be started. In this determination, when the engine start is completed, the regulator is activated to detect an increase in the terminal voltage due to the storage battery 2 being charged. The present invention does not define the specific times of the first predetermined time t ₁ and the second predetermined time t ₂ , but can be set to about 1.0 s and 5.0 s, respectively. .

  The deterioration determining apparatus 1 of the present invention includes charging system determining means 8 for determining whether the vehicle charging system is normal or abnormal when the engine starting is completed in the engine starting determination described above. If the engine start determination means 5 does not complete the engine start, the deterioration determination means 6 is unable to start the engine based on the terminal voltage data stored in the voltage storage means 3 and the vehicle charging system determination result. It is determined whether the cause is the storage battery 2 or the vehicle side. Then, the determination result is displayed by the display means 7 such as an LED.

  The normal / abnormal determination of the vehicle charging system in the charging system determination means 8 can be performed by the following steps. That is, when it is determined by the engine start determination means 5 that the engine start is completed, the terminal voltage after the engine start is completed (terminal voltage Vc in FIG. 2) is measured, and charging is performed when this Vc value is within a predetermined range. The system is determined to be normal, and the charging system is determined to be abnormal when this Vc value is outside the predetermined range. As a voltage value for this determination, in the case of a 12V lead acid battery, a voltage range of 12.0V to 16.0V can be set as an example. In this case, the charging system is determined to be normal when 12.0 ≦ Vc ≦ 16.0, and the charging system is determined to be abnormal when Vc> 16.0 or Vc <12.0. The terminal voltage Vc can be obtained by the voltage measurement storage means 3 with Vc being a terminal voltage value after a preset standby time of about several seconds after detecting the completion of engine start.

  In the deterioration determination device 1 of the present invention, the deterioration determination means 6 is based on the terminal voltage data obtained by the voltage measurement storage means 3 and the determination result in the charging system determination means 8, and when the engine cannot be started. It is determined whether the engine cannot be started due to the vehicle side or due to deterioration of the storage battery.

In a preferred example of the determination method in the deterioration determination means 6, the cause of the engine start failure is determined based on the minimum value Vs of the storage battery terminal voltage measured at the time of engine start. That is, when the Vs value is equal to or higher than the third determination value V ₃ (Vs ≧ V ₃ ), it is determined that the engine cannot be started due to a factor on the vehicle side, and the result is displayed on the display means 7. As the display means 7, an element such as an LED or a liquid crystal panel can be used.

In the present invention, an abnormality in the engine ignition system and the fuel supply system is assumed as the engine start failure factor on the vehicle side. That is, the starter operates normally, but no fuel is supplied into the cylinder, or no spark is generated in the spark plug, and the engine does not start. With the above-described configuration, it is possible to determine such an abnormality in the ignition system or fuel system. Here, the third determination value V ₃ can be set to about 7.0 to 6.0 V in the case of a 12V lead acid battery.

In a more preferable configuration of the present invention, when the engine cannot be started and the Vs value is less than the third determination value V ₃ (Vs <V ₃ ), the deterioration determination unit 6 refers to the determination result in the charging system determination unit 8. When the abnormality determination of the vehicle charging system has been made, it is determined that the cause of the engine start failure is due to the capacity reduction due to the abnormality of the vehicle charging system (charging system abnormality). Further, when the abnormality determination of the vehicle charging system has not been made, it is possible to determine that the cause of the engine start failure is due to the capacity reduction due to the deterioration of the storage battery (storage battery deterioration). With such a configuration of the present invention, it is determined whether the engine start failure is caused by a vehicle charging system, a factor related to another vehicle such as an engine ignition system or a fuel system, or a storage battery deterioration. be able to.

The determination result of the vehicle charging system may be the charging system determination result in the engine starting operation (the engine can be started at this time) immediately before the engine starting operation in which the engine cannot be started. Further, in the present invention, leave the charging system determination result when the engine starting operation is stored as a generation history of the charging system abnormality in a storage unit such as a memory, if it becomes the engine starting impossible with reference to the occurrence record charging When there is a history of occurrence of a system abnormality, the deterioration determination means determines that the cause of the engine start failure is due to a charging system abnormality . Also, in this case, the results for all engine start operations are not stored, but for example, if the determination results are stored for the last 10 engine start operations, the memory area required for storage can be reduced. preferable.

As a method of acquiring the Vs value, a time (T′−t ₃ ) and a time T ′ that are a _third predetermined time t ₃ before the time T ′ at which the starter activation detecting unit 4 detects that the starter has been activated. Then, a time (T ′ + t ₄ ) after the _fourth predetermined time t ₄ is set. The time to get the minimum value of (T'-t ₃₎ from the time (T'+ t ₄₎ battery 2 terminal voltage between (V) from the voltage measuring storage unit 3 may be the value as Vs value. In order to obtain the minimum value Vs, the third predetermined time t ₃ and the fourth predetermined time t ₄ are set to appropriate times. For example, if a time of about 2.0 s is set, the minimum value Vs can be reliably acquired.

Further, as a preferred example of the present invention, when it is determined that the cause of the engine starting failure due to Vs <V ₃ and no abnormality in the vehicle charging system has occurred, the following method is used. Thus, it is possible to determine whether the storage battery has reached the end of its life due to deterioration or whether it is only temporarily discharged due to forgetting to turn off the room lamp. This measures the terminal voltage Va of the storage battery before the starter is started, and when the Va value is equal to or higher than the fourth determination value V ₄ (Va ≧ V ₄ ), the deterioration determining means 6 causes the deterioration of the storage battery to proceed. Then, it is determined that replacement is necessary, and a display to that effect is given by the display means 7. In addition, since the user needs to replace the storage battery at that time, it is possible to display the main point of notifying the user that the storage battery needs to be replaced, such as “replacement of storage battery” instead of “storage battery deterioration”. When the Va value is less than the fourth determination value V ₄ (Va <V ₄ ), the deterioration determination means 6 determines that the engine cannot be started due to insufficient charging of the storage battery, and displays that effect or supplementary charging of the storage battery. Is displayed on the display means 7.

In addition, the following method can be used as a method of acquiring the terminal voltage Va of the storage battery before starting a starter. That is, a fifth time t ₅ of about _{5 s} is set from the time T ′ at which the starter activation detection unit detects activation of the starter, the terminal voltage at the time (T′−t ₅ ) is acquired from the voltage measurement storage unit, and Va And it is sufficient. In addition, an average value of a plurality of terminal voltage values acquired from the voltage measurement storage means before and after time (T′−t ₅ ) can be set as Va. The fourth determination value V ₄ can be set to about 12.0 to 11.0 V in the case of a 12V lead acid battery.

  According to the storage battery deterioration determination device 1 of the present invention described above, when the engine cannot be started, it is caused by a vehicle-side factor such as an ignition system or a fuel supply system, whether the factor is caused by a vehicle charging system. Or whether it is due to a decrease in the capacity of the storage battery. It can also be determined whether the capacity reduction of the storage battery is due to the deterioration of the storage battery or whether the storage battery is temporarily discharged. Therefore, the user of the vehicle can take appropriate measures according to the case of inspection on the vehicle side, replacement of the storage battery, or supplementary charging based on the determination result by the storage battery deterioration factor determination apparatus 1 according to the present invention.

  Furthermore, it is also possible to provide the above-described storage battery deterioration determination device of the present invention integrally with the storage battery. In this case, the deterioration determination device may be stored in a storage portion provided on the exterior of the storage battery, and the deterioration determination device and the storage battery may be electrically connected. In this case, each determination value of the deterioration determination device can be set according to the characteristics of the storage battery, which is preferable in that the determination accuracy can be further improved.

  Although the determination values necessary for determining the deterioration of the storage battery are illustrated in the embodiment of the present invention, the present invention does not limit these determination values, and selects an appropriate determination value according to the characteristics of the storage battery to be used. Can do. Further, by changing the voltage determination value according to the storage battery temperature, it is possible to accurately determine the state of the storage battery in a wide temperature range. The storage battery temperature can be measured by a thermistor provided separately.

  The present invention discriminates the cause when the engine cannot be started, but when the engine can be started, the degree of deterioration of the storage battery is estimated based on the terminal voltage information of the storage battery, and the user is informed. Of course, it is possible to use a function to notify, or to display a charging abnormality warning on the display means 7 when an abnormality is detected in the charging system determination means 8.

  The storage battery degradation determination device of the present invention and the storage battery including the same are particularly useful when applied to vehicles. When applied to a vehicular storage battery, the user is notified that the engine of the vehicle cannot be started, and the user can perform appropriate maintenance and inspection work on the storage battery or the vehicle based on the notification information.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the deterioration determination apparatus of the storage battery by this invention. The figure which shows change with time of storage battery terminal voltage at the time of engine starter starting

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Degradation determination apparatus 2 Storage battery 3 Voltage measurement memory | storage means 4 Starter starting detection means 5 Engine start determination means 6 Deterioration determination means 7 Display means 8 Charging system determination means

Claims (8)

An apparatus for determining deterioration of a storage battery for starting an engine used in a vehicle, comprising: a voltage measurement storage means for measuring a terminal voltage (V) of the storage battery at every predetermined time interval (ΔT) and storing terminal voltage data;
Starter activation detecting means for detecting activation of a starter for starting an engine based on the terminal voltage data;
Engine start determination means for determining whether engine start is completed based on the terminal voltage data after the starter is started,
When the engine start is completed in the engine start determination, the charging system determination means for determining whether the vehicle charging system is normal or abnormal based on the terminal voltage data,
When the engine start is not completed in the engine start determination, a deterioration determination unit that determines deterioration of the storage battery based on the terminal voltage data and the determination result in the charging system determination unit, and a display unit that displays the determination result the equipped Rutotomoni,
The charging system determination unit stores the occurrence history of the charging system abnormality and the engine starting determination unit determines that the engine start has not been completed, and the occurrence of the charging system abnormality occurs with reference to the occurrence history A deterioration determination device for a storage battery, characterized in that, when there is a history, the deterioration determination means determines that the cause of engine start failure is due to an abnormality in the charging system . The terminal voltage V _T at start time (T) of said predetermined time interval ([Delta] T), the terminal voltage definitive the end time of the predetermined time interval (ΔT) (T + ΔT) and V _{T +} delta _T, the V _T and the absolute value of the difference of _{V T + Δ T (| V} T -V T + Δ T |) ΔV is first determination value represented by (V ₁₎ or more, and at least one of the V _T and V _{T +} delta _T is 2. The storage battery deterioration determination device according to claim 1, wherein the starter is detected to be activated when the voltage is less than a _second predetermined voltage (V ₂ ). When detecting the start of the starter, with reference to the data of the terminal voltage Vt ₁ of the first predetermined time t ₁ before the battery from time T'it detects activation of the starter from the voltage measuring storage unit, the terminal The electric voltage V _t1 is compared with the terminal voltage V _t2 obtained after the second predetermined time t ₂ seconds from the starter activation detection time, and when V _t2 ≧ V _t1, it is determined that the engine start is completed. 3. The storage battery deterioration determination device according to claim 1, wherein when the condition of V _t2 <V _t1 is satisfied, it is determined that the engine has not started. 3.   The charging system determining means determines that the charging system is abnormal when the terminal voltage after completion of engine start is outside a predetermined determination value range. Storage battery deterioration determination device. When the minimum value Vs of the terminal voltage (V) of the storage battery measured at the time of starting the engine is acquired and this Vs value is equal to or higher than the third determination value V ₃ , the deterioration determination means is a factor on the vehicle side. the perform discrimination to the effect that becomes impossible engine starting, the in the case Vs value is less than the determination value V _3, and of the said deterioration determining means when a charging system abnormality occurrence history engine starting impossible When it is determined that the cause is a vehicle charging system abnormality, the Vs value is less than the determination value V ₃ , and there is no history of occurrence of the charging system abnormality, the deterioration determination means causes the engine to be unable to start. 5. The storage battery deterioration determination device according to claim 1 , wherein the storage battery deterioration determination apparatus is determined to be based on a storage battery. In the starter activation detection means, a time (T′−t ₃ ) before the _third predetermined time t ₃ from the time T ′ when the starter is detected to be activated and a fourth predetermined time t ₄ after the time T ′. 6. The storage battery deterioration determination device according to claim 5 , wherein a minimum value of the terminal voltage measured by the voltage measurement storage means during time (T ′ + t ₄ ) is set as the Vs value. When the Vs value is less than the third determination value V ₃ and there is no occurrence history of the vehicle charging system abnormality, it is before the time T ′ when the starter activation detecting unit detects that the starter is activated, The terminal voltage Va at the time when the starter is not started is referred from the voltage measuring means, and when the Va value is less than the _fourth determination value V ₄ , the deterioration determining means indicates that the storage battery is in a discharged state. The storage battery deterioration determination device according to claim 5 , wherein the storage battery deterioration determination device is determined. Battery having integrally deterioration determining apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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