JP4369568B2 - Method for producing hydroxyalkyl methacrylate - Google Patents

Method for producing hydroxyalkyl methacrylate Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4369568B2
JP4369568B2 JP28428599A JP28428599A JP4369568B2 JP 4369568 B2 JP4369568 B2 JP 4369568B2 JP 28428599 A JP28428599 A JP 28428599A JP 28428599 A JP28428599 A JP 28428599A JP 4369568 B2 JP4369568 B2 JP 4369568B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
methacrylic acid
compound
reaction
hydroxyalkyl
carbon atoms
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JP28428599A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2001106652A (en
Inventor
康一 吉田
和孝 井上
幸夫 田中
映夫 谷
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Osaka Organic Chemicals Ind.,Ltd.
Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
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Osaka Organic Chemicals Ind.,Ltd.
Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

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  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はヒドロキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレートの製造方法に関し、特に、工業的に簡便な方法でありながら高収率で高品質のヒドロキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレートを製造する方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ヒドロキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレートは、通常、(メタ)アクリル酸とアルキレンオキサイドとを触媒の存在下に反応させ、得られた反応液を直接蒸留により精製してその蒸留分として得られる。
【0003】
ヒドロキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレートを工業的に製造するにあたっては、ヒドロキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレートを高選択的に合成しうる新規な触媒系あるいは添加物を用いる方法、反応後の蒸留操作において重合トラブルを回避する方法、蒸留残渣の性状を改善する方法等数多くの技術が提案されている。
【0004】
ところで、メタクリル酸およびアクリル酸は工業的には、それぞれ炭素数4の化合物の気相酸化、および炭素数3の化合物の気相酸化反応で得られる。このようにして得られた(メタ)アクリル酸は数多くの不純物を含んでいるので、これら不純物をできるだけ除去して高品質な(メタ)アクリル酸としてから使用するのが一般的である。
【0005】
これは、(メタ)アクリル酸をアルキレンオキサイドと反応させてヒドロキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレートを合成する場合にも同様である。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、炭素数4の化合物の気相酸化反応で得られるメタクリル酸または炭素数3の化合物の気相酸化反応で得られたアクリル酸を高度な精製を経ることなく原料として用い、一般的な方法により、アルキレンオキサイドとの反応を行うと、得られるヒドロキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレートは、重合性が極めて低く、また着色しており、製品として満足できる品質ではなかった。
【0007】
従って、炭素数4の化合物の気相酸化反応で得られるメタクリル酸または炭素数3の化合物の気相酸化反応で得られたアクリル酸を原料として用い、より経済的に、高品質のヒドロキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレートを製造しうる方法が強く要望されてきた。
【0008】
従って本発明は、気相酸化反応で得られたメタクリル酸を用いながら高収率で高品質のヒドロキシアルキルメタクリレートを低コストで製造する方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、鋭意検討の結果、気相酸化反応で得られた純度の低いメタクリル酸を第1級アミンと液相中で接触させ、この第1級アミンを含むメタクリル酸を原料に用いることにより高品質のヒドロキシアルキルメタクリレートが得られることを見出し本発明に至ったものである。
【0010】
即ち本発明は、炭素数4の化合物の気相酸化反応で得られたメタクリル酸を、第1級アミンと液相中で接触させた後、前記第1級アミンを含む前記メタクリル酸とアルキレンオキサイドとを反応させることを特徴とするヒドロキシアルキルメタクリレートの製造方法に関する。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明で用いるメタクリル酸は炭素数4の化合物の気相酸化反応で得られたメタクリル酸であり、炭素数4の化合物として例えばイソブチレンまたはt−ブチルアルコールをもちいて気相酸化反応によりメタクロレインを中間物質として経由して合成されたメタクリル酸、あるいは炭素数4の化合物として、他の飽和または不飽和炭化水素類の異性化および/または脱水素反応の後、気相酸化により合成されたメタクリル酸等である。これらのメタクリル酸は精製されていないので純度は高くはないが、通常は98%以上の純度を有するものである。
【0012】
また、本発明で用いるアクリル酸は炭素数3の化合物の気相酸化反応で得られるアクリル酸であり、炭素数3の化合物として例えばプロピレンを用いて気相酸化反応により合成されたアクリル酸である。これらのアクリル酸は精製されていないので純度は高くはないが、通常は98%以上の純度を有するものである。
【0013】
本発明で用いられる第1級アミンとしては、脂肪族アミンまたは芳香族アミンのいずれでもよく、1分子中に複数個のアミン基を有するアミン類も含まれる。例えば、メチルアミン、エチルアミン、n−プロピルアミン、イソプロピルアミン、n−ブチルアミン、イソブチルアミン、t−ブチルアミン、ヒドラジン、フェニルヒドラジン、モノエタノールアミン、1,6−ヘキサンジアミン、塩酸ヒドロキシルアミン、エチレンジアミン、ジエチレントリアミン、トリエチレンテトラミン、テトラエチレンペンタミン、アニリン、ベンジルアミン、フェネチルアミン、アニシジン、トルイジンおよびフェニレンジアミン等を挙げることができる。
【0014】
気相酸化反応で得た(メタ)アクリル酸とアミンとの接触は、液相中で行う。接触の方法としては、例えば(メタ)アクリル酸にアミン化合物を添加し、所定の温度に加熱したのち、好ましくは混合物を撹拌し、空気を吹き込みながら、一定時間保持する方法等が用いられる。
【0015】
接触させるときの処理温度は20〜150℃、特に80〜140℃の範囲が好ましく、処理時間は10分ないし20時間、特に1時間ないし10時間の範囲が好ましい。また、この処理を行う際には、通常、重合禁止剤の添加を行うことなく実施することもできるが、より過酷な条件で、より安定した処理を行う目的で、適当な重合禁止剤を添加して行ってもよく、特に、空気の共存下に処理を行うのが重合防止上有効である。
【0016】
第1級アミンの添加量は(メタ)アクリル酸に対して0.0005〜0.2当量、特に、0.001〜0.1当量の範囲が好ましい。
【0017】
次に、このような第1アミンによる接触処理後、次のアルキレンオキサイドとの反応に用いる際に、第1アミンおよび(メタ)アクリル酸を含む処理液を、そのまま用いてもよく、または必要に応じて簡単な蒸留等により精製して用いてもよい。本発明では工程を簡略化する観点から、そのまま用いる方が好ましく、蒸留等の精製を行うにしてもなるべく簡便な方法にとどめる方が好ましい。また、第1級アミンは(メタ)アクリル酸に含ませておくことで、後述するように次のアルキレンオキサイドとの反応がむしろ有利になる。
【0018】
このように処理された(メタ)アクリル酸との反応に用いられるアルキレンオキサイドは、目的物であるヒドロキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレートが蒸留により取得されることから、一般的に低分子量のものが好ましく、炭素数4までのものが好ましい。具体的には、エチレンオキサイド、プロピレンオキサイド、1,2−ブチレンオキサイド、および2,3−ブチレンオキサイドを挙げることができる。
【0019】
(メタ)アクリル酸とアルキレンオキサイドとの反応には数多くの触媒が提案されており、アミン類にもその触媒作用があることが知られている。従って、第1級アミン類を適切に選び接触処理後にそのまま第1アミンを含む液を用いることにより、アルキレンオキサイドとの反応において、特に、触媒を新たに添加しなくても反応を行わせることも可能である。しかし、より高い反応性で、高選択的に反応を行い、かつ、高い収率で高品質のヒドロキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレートを取得するためには、アルキレンオキサイドと反応させる際に効果的な触媒を新たに添加することが好ましい。この触媒としては金属化合物を用いることが好ましく、特に、鉄、アルミニウム、クロム、リチウム、亜鉛、カドミウム、ニオブおよびルテニウムからなる群より選ばれた少なくとも一種の金属を含有する化合物であることが好ましい。
【0020】
このような金属化合物触媒に対して、第一級アミンは助触媒として働き、第1級アミンを添加しない場合に比べて反応速度が速くなったり、副生成物の制御が容易になるなどの利点がある。従ってアルキレンオキサイドとの反応のために新たに添加する触媒に応じて、接触処理に用いる第1級アミンの種類、添加量、さらに処理条件を適切に設定することが好ましい。
【0021】
金属化合物触媒は、例えばそれぞれの金属の硝酸塩、塩酸塩、酢酸塩、硫酸塩、有機酸塩などが用いられ、市販品をそのまま用いてもよいが、公知の手法によって反応原料となる無機酸または有機酸を用いて容易に調製することができる。
【0022】
(メタ)アクリル酸とアルキレンオキサイドとの反応は適当な反応速度を得るためには、撹拌下、加圧にて、加熱して行うのが一般的であり、例えばアルキレンオキサイドとして酸化エチレンを用いる場合、30〜120℃、好ましくは60〜90℃にて、圧力0.05〜1MPa、好ましくは、0.2〜0.5MPaで反応を行う。反応温度によっては、必要に応じて、適当な重合禁止剤を添加して行うのが好ましい。
【0023】
また、第1アミンによる接触処理を行った後、同一の反応器中でアルキレンオキサイドとの反応を行うことも可能である。
【0024】
反応を完結させた後、反応液から、減圧下にて、未反応のアルキレンオキサイドを脱気分離し、続いて蒸留により製品のヒドロキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレートを蒸留して取得する。その際、必要に応じて、重合禁止剤を添加することが好ましい。
【0025】
蒸留に際しては、蒸留に供される反応液中にまだ反応触媒が存在しているので、蒸留時に必要以上に反応が進行する可能性があり、また、ヒドロキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレートが重合する恐れもあるので、反応液と蒸発伝熱面との接触時間はできるだけ短くするのが好ましく、薄膜蒸発器等の設備を利用するのが効果的である。
【0026】
【実施例】
得られたヒドロキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレートの重合性、および着色性の評価は次のように行った。
【0027】
<重合性評価>
重合誘導期間(IP)を次のように測定した。
1)内径20mm、深さ200mmの試験管に製品のヒドロキシアルキルメタクリレートを10.0g、ベンゾイルパーオキサイドを0.050g入れて、室温にて2分間混合して溶解する。
2)溶解後すぐに、ガラス製の保護管で覆われた温度センサーを試料中に入れて、その試験管を65℃の恒温水槽内に固定する。
3)同時に温度記録を開始し、その後、試料内での重合開始を示す発熱による温度上昇を検知して、測定開始から温度上昇を確認するまでの時間をIP(分)とする。
【0028】
<着色の評価>
ヒドロキシアルキルメタクリレートの着色の程度を示す色数APHAは、JIS K 0071:1993「化学製品の色及び硫酸着色の試験方法」に準じて測定した。
【0029】
以下、本発明の方法を実施例によって説明するが、本発明の方法はこれら実施例によって限定されるものではない。
【0030】
[実施例1]
まずメタクリル酸としては、イソブチレンの気相酸化反応で合成され、トルエンで抽出後、溶媒を分離し、10段のオールダショウ型蒸留塔により還流比1で蒸留されたメタクリル酸(純度99.2%)を用意した。
【0031】
次に、2リットルの撹拌機付オートクレーブに、上記のメタクリル酸を861重量部と、o−フェニレンジアミンを8.84重量部(メタクリル酸に対して1.7モル%)加えて、撹拌下、少量の空気を混合液中に吹き込みながら、油浴で室温から125℃まで1時間かけて昇温した後、125℃を維持して3時間保持した。
【0032】
その後、氷浴でオートクレーブを冷却し、30℃としたところで、酢酸クロムを2.7重量部、ハイドロキノンを2.2重量部添加してからオートクレーブ容器を窒素置換し、加圧にてエチレンオキサイドを528重量部添加した。窒素にて系内をゲージ圧で300kPaに加圧した後、撹拌しながら油浴で徐々に昇温して、約1時間で75℃となるようにした。以降、加熱調節して反応液を75℃に維持し、残存メタクリル酸量が0.5重量%に達したところ(反応時間:7.0時間)で、オートクレーブを水浴で冷却しながら減圧下に未反応エチレンオキサイドを除去した。
【0033】
系内が2kPaで30℃に到達してから15分保持したのち、常圧に戻してから反応液1290重量部を薄膜蒸発器に一定流速で供給しながら、伝熱面温度85℃、300Paの減圧下で蒸留を行って、一次蒸留留出液1025重量部を取得し、続いて、一次蒸留残渣を同様に再度蒸留して、二次蒸留留出液195重量部を取得した。そこで、一次蒸留留出液と二次蒸留留出液を混合し、製品1220重量部(収率93.8%)を得た。製品の組成分析結果は、2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート97.0重量%、メタクリル酸0.2重量%、水分0.1重量%、その他2.7重量%であった。
【0034】
製品の色数はAPHA 10以下で着色は殆どなく、IP値は22(分)で、優れた重合性を示すことが確かめられた。条件および結果を表1に他の実施例と共に示す。
【0035】
なお、アセトンシアンヒドリンから誘導されたメタクリル酸(純度99.5%)を用いて、特別な処理を施すことなく、エチレンオキサイドとの反応以降を同様に実施したところ、収量、組成とも全く同等に得られた製品の色数はAPHA10以下であり、IP値は23(分)であった。つまり本発明によれば、気相酸化法によって得られたメタクリル酸を用いても、簡単な第1アミンとの接触処理によってアセトンシアンヒドリンから誘導されたメタクリル酸と同等の色数、IP値が得られ、工業的に極めて有利であることが判った。
【0036】
[比較例1]
実施例1と同じメタクリル酸を使用し、o−フェニレンジアミンによる処理を行わないこと以外は実施例1と同様に実施した結果、製品の収量は1218重量部(収率93.6%)で、製品の組成分析結果は2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート97.1重量%、メタクリル酸0.2重量%、水分0.1重量%、その他2.6重量%であった。また、このとき、反応時間は8.0時間となって実施例1と比較して反応終了までに要する時間は長くなった。製品の色数はAPHA 100〜150で着色が強く、IP値は225(分)で極めて重合性が低かった。
【0037】
[実施例2〜17]
実施例1と同じメタクリル酸を使用し、第1級アミンの種類、添加量、処理条件のみを変更した以外は実施例1と同様に実施した結果を表1に示す。第1級アミンの添加量は使用したメタクリル酸に対するアミン基あたりの当量で示した。
【0038】
[実施例18〜20]
実施例1と同じメタクリル酸を使用し、エチレンオキサイドとの反応に使用する触媒として表2に示す種類、添加量に変更して行った以外は実施例1と同様に実施した。その結果を表1に示す。
【0039】
[実施例21]
2リットルの撹拌機付オートクレーブに、実施例1で用いたものと同じメタクリル酸を861重量部、エチレンジアミンを6.0重量部(メタクリル酸に対して2.0モル%)加えて、撹拌下、少量の空気を混合液中に吹き込みながら、油浴で室温から120℃まで1時間かけて昇温した後、120℃を維持して3時間保持した。
【0040】
その後、水浴でオートクレーブを冷却し、30℃としたところで、酢酸クロムを2.7重量部、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテルを2.8重量部、および1,2−ブチレンオキサイドを864重量部添加した。オートクレーブを密閉したのち、系内を窒素にて置換し、さらにゲージ圧300kPaに加圧した後、撹拌しながら油浴で徐々に昇温して約1時間で75℃となるようにした。以降、加熱調節して反応液を75℃に維持し、残存メタクリル酸量が0.5重量%に達したところ(反応時間:8.5時間)で、オートクレーブを水浴で冷却しながら、減圧下に、未反応の1,2−ブチレンオキサイドを除去した。
【0041】
系内が2kPaで30℃に到達してから15分保持したのち、常圧に戻してから反応液1570重量部を薄膜蒸発器に一定流速で供給しながら、伝熱面温度100℃、300Pa減圧下蒸留を行って、一次蒸留留出液1275重量部を取得し、続いて、一次蒸留残渣を同様に再度蒸留して、二次蒸留留出液156重量部を取得した。そこで一次蒸留留出液と二次蒸留留出液を混合し、製品1431重量部(収率90.6%)を得た。製品の組成分析結果は、2−ヒドロキシブチルメタクリレート97.9重量%、メタクリル酸0.3重量%、水分0.1重量%、その他1.7重量%であった。製品の色数はAPHA 15であり、IP値は32(分)であった。
【0042】
[比較例2]
実施例21と同じメタクリル酸を使用し、エチレンジアミンによる処理を行わないこと以外は全て実施例21と同様に実施した結果、製品の収量は1445重量部(収率91.5%)で、製品中2−ヒドロキシブチルメタクリレートの純度は98.1%であった。この時、反応時間は9.5時間となって実施例21と比較して反応終了までに要する時間は長くなった。また、この製品の色数はAPHA 100〜150であり、IP値は258(分)であった。
【0043】
[比較例3]
実施例15と同じメタクリル酸を使用し、エチレンジアミンによる接触処理は行わないが、エチレンオキサイドとメタクリル酸との反応の際にエチレンジアミンを6.0重量部(メタクリル酸に対して2.0モル%)添加し、それ以外は実施例15とまったく同様に反応を行った。残存メタクリル酸量が0.5重量%に達する時間(反応時間:7.0時間)は実施例15とまったく同じであり、薄膜蒸留によって得られた2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレートの製品収率は91.0%、また純度は97.5%であった。しかしながら、製品の色数はAPHA 20〜50であり、IP値は180(分)であった。
【0044】
以上の実施例および比較例の結果をまとめて表1に示す。
【0045】
【表1】

Figure 0004369568
(表中、HAMA:ヒドロキシアルキル(メタ)アクリレート)
【0046】
【表2】
Figure 0004369568
【0047】
本発明によれば、気相酸化反応で得られたメタクリル酸を用いながら高収率で高品質のヒドロキシアルキルメタクリレートを低コストで製造することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate, and more particularly to a method for producing a high-quality hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate in a high yield while being an industrially simple method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate is usually obtained as a fraction obtained by reacting (meth) acrylic acid and alkylene oxide in the presence of a catalyst and purifying the resulting reaction solution directly by distillation.
[0003]
In the industrial production of hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates, avoiding polymerization troubles in the method using a new catalyst system or additive that can synthesize hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates with high selectivity and in the distillation operation after the reaction. Many techniques have been proposed, such as a method for improving the properties of distillation residues.
[0004]
Meanwhile, methacrylic acid and acrylic acid are industrially obtained by vapor phase oxidation of a compound having 4 carbon atoms and gas phase oxidation reaction of a compound having 3 carbon atoms, respectively. Since the (meth) acrylic acid thus obtained contains a large number of impurities, it is generally used after removing these impurities as much as possible to obtain high-quality (meth) acrylic acid.
[0005]
The same applies to the case where hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate is synthesized by reacting (meth) acrylic acid with alkylene oxide.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, a general method using methacrylic acid obtained by a gas phase oxidation reaction of a compound having 4 carbon atoms or acrylic acid obtained by a gas phase oxidation reaction of a compound having 3 carbon atoms as a raw material without undergoing advanced purification Thus, when the reaction with alkylene oxide is carried out, the resulting hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate has extremely low polymerizability and is colored, which is not a satisfactory product quality.
[0007]
Therefore, methacrylic acid obtained by the gas phase oxidation reaction of a compound having 4 carbon atoms or acrylic acid obtained by the gas phase oxidation reaction of a compound having 3 carbon atoms is used as a raw material, and a higher quality hydroxyalkyl ( There has been a strong demand for a process that can produce (meth) acrylates.
[0008]
Accordingly, the present invention aims to provide a method of producing at low cost a high-quality hydroxyalkyl meth acrylate in high yields while using methacrylic acid obtained in the gas-phase oxidation reaction.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted extensive studies results, the less pure methacrylic acid obtained by gas phase oxidation is contacted with a primary amine and a liquid phase in the methacrylic acid containing the primary amine as a raw material and it has reached the found present invention that the high quality of the hydroxyalkyl meth acrylate can be obtained by using.
[0010]
That is, the present invention provides a method in which methacrylic acid obtained by vapor phase oxidation of a compound having 4 carbon atoms is brought into contact with a primary amine in a liquid phase, and then the methacrylic acid and the alkylene oxide containing the primary amine. preparative methods for producing a hydroxyalkyl meth acrylate which comprises reacting a.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Methacrylic acid used in the present invention is methacrylic acid obtained by a gas phase oxidation reaction of a compound having 4 carbon atoms. As a compound having 4 carbon atoms, for example, isobutylene or t-butyl alcohol is used to form methacrolein by a gas phase oxidation reaction. Methacrylic acid synthesized as an intermediate substance, or methacrylic acid synthesized by gas phase oxidation after isomerization and / or dehydrogenation of other saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons as a compound having 4 carbon atoms Etc. Since these methacrylic acids have not been purified, the purity is not high, but usually has a purity of 98% or more.
[0012]
The acrylic acid used in the present invention is acrylic acid obtained by a gas phase oxidation reaction of a compound having 3 carbon atoms, and is acrylic acid synthesized by a gas phase oxidation reaction using, for example, propylene as the compound having 3 carbon atoms. . Since these acrylic acids are not purified, their purity is not high, but usually they have a purity of 98% or more.
[0013]
The primary amine used in the present invention may be either an aliphatic amine or an aromatic amine, and includes amines having a plurality of amine groups in one molecule. For example, methylamine, ethylamine, n-propylamine, isopropylamine, n-butylamine, isobutylamine, t-butylamine, hydrazine, phenylhydrazine, monoethanolamine, 1,6-hexanediamine, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, Examples include triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, aniline, benzylamine, phenethylamine, anisidine, toluidine and phenylenediamine.
[0014]
Contact between the (meth) acrylic acid obtained by the gas phase oxidation reaction and the amine is carried out in the liquid phase. As the contact method, for example, an amine compound is added to (meth) acrylic acid and heated to a predetermined temperature, and then the mixture is preferably stirred and kept for a certain period of time while blowing air.
[0015]
The treatment temperature at the time of contact is preferably 20 to 150 ° C., particularly preferably 80 to 140 ° C., and the treatment time is preferably 10 minutes to 20 hours, particularly preferably 1 hour to 10 hours. In addition, when performing this treatment, it can usually be carried out without adding a polymerization inhibitor, but for the purpose of performing more stable treatment under more severe conditions, an appropriate polymerization inhibitor is added. In particular, the treatment in the presence of air is effective in preventing polymerization.
[0016]
The amount of primary amine added is preferably in the range of 0.0005 to 0.2 equivalent, particularly 0.001 to 0.1 equivalent, relative to (meth) acrylic acid.
[0017]
Next, after such contact treatment with the primary amine, when used for the reaction with the next alkylene oxide, the treatment liquid containing the primary amine and (meth) acrylic acid may be used as it is or necessary. Accordingly, it may be purified by simple distillation or the like. In the present invention, from the viewpoint of simplifying the process, it is preferable to use it as it is, and it is preferable to keep the method as simple as possible even if purification such as distillation is performed. In addition, when the primary amine is contained in (meth) acrylic acid, the reaction with the following alkylene oxide is rather advantageous as described later.
[0018]
The alkylene oxide used for the reaction with the (meth) acrylic acid thus treated is preferably a low molecular weight because the target hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate is obtained by distillation. Those having up to 4 carbon atoms are preferred. Specific examples include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide, and 2,3-butylene oxide.
[0019]
Numerous catalysts have been proposed for the reaction of (meth) acrylic acid and alkylene oxide, and amines are also known to have their catalytic action. Therefore, by appropriately selecting primary amines and using the liquid containing the primary amine as it is after the contact treatment, the reaction with the alkylene oxide can be carried out without adding a catalyst in particular. Is possible. However, in order to obtain a high-quality hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate with a high reactivity and a high selectivity, and to obtain a high-quality hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate with a high yield, an effective catalyst when reacting with an alkylene oxide is used. It is preferable to newly add. As the catalyst, a metal compound is preferably used, and in particular, a compound containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, aluminum, chromium, lithium, zinc, cadmium, niobium and ruthenium is preferable.
[0020]
For such metal compound catalysts, the primary amine works as a co-catalyst and has advantages such as faster reaction rate and easier control of by-products than when no primary amine is added. There is. Therefore, it is preferable to appropriately set the type and amount of the primary amine used for the contact treatment and the treatment conditions according to the catalyst newly added for the reaction with the alkylene oxide.
[0021]
As the metal compound catalyst, for example, nitrates, hydrochlorides, acetates, sulfates, organic acid salts, and the like of the respective metals are used, and commercially available products may be used as they are. It can be easily prepared using an organic acid.
[0022]
In order to obtain an appropriate reaction rate, the reaction between (meth) acrylic acid and alkylene oxide is generally carried out by heating under pressure with stirring. For example, when ethylene oxide is used as alkylene oxide. The reaction is carried out at 30 to 120 ° C., preferably 60 to 90 ° C., and at a pressure of 0.05 to 1 MPa, preferably 0.2 to 0.5 MPa. Depending on the reaction temperature, it is preferable to carry out by adding an appropriate polymerization inhibitor as required.
[0023]
It is also possible to carry out the reaction with alkylene oxide in the same reactor after the contact treatment with the primary amine.
[0024]
After the reaction is completed, unreacted alkylene oxide is degassed and separated from the reaction solution under reduced pressure, and then the product hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate is obtained by distillation. In that case, it is preferable to add a polymerization inhibitor as needed.
[0025]
At the time of distillation, since the reaction catalyst is still present in the reaction solution used for distillation, there is a possibility that the reaction proceeds more than necessary at the time of distillation, and there is a possibility that the hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate is polymerized. Therefore, the contact time between the reaction solution and the evaporation heat transfer surface is preferably as short as possible, and it is effective to use equipment such as a thin film evaporator.
[0026]
【Example】
Evaluation of the polymerizability and colorability of the obtained hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate was performed as follows.
[0027]
<Polymerization evaluation>
The polymerization induction period (IP) was measured as follows.
1) Put 10.0 g of the product hydroxyalkyl methacrylate and 0.050 g of benzoyl peroxide in a test tube having an inner diameter of 20 mm and a depth of 200 mm, and mix and dissolve at room temperature for 2 minutes.
2) Immediately after melting, a temperature sensor covered with a glass protective tube is placed in the sample, and the test tube is fixed in a constant temperature water bath at 65 ° C.
3) Start temperature recording at the same time, and then detect the temperature rise due to heat generation indicating the start of polymerization in the sample, and set the time from the start of measurement to the confirmation of temperature rise as IP (minutes).
[0028]
<Evaluation of coloring>
The color number APHA indicating the degree of coloring of the hydroxyalkyl methacrylate was measured according to JIS K 0071: 1993 “Testing method of color and sulfuric acid coloring of chemical products”.
[0029]
Hereinafter, the method of the present invention will be described with reference to examples, but the method of the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0030]
[Example 1]
First, methacrylic acid was synthesized by a gas phase oxidation reaction of isobutylene, extracted with toluene, the solvent was separated, and methacrylic acid (purity 99.2) distilled at a reflux ratio of 1 with a 10-stage old-type distillation column. %).
[0031]
Next, 861 parts by weight of the methacrylic acid and 8.84 parts by weight of o-phenylenediamine (1.7 mol% with respect to methacrylic acid) were added to a 2 liter autoclave equipped with a stirrer. While a small amount of air was blown into the mixture, the temperature was raised from room temperature to 125 ° C. over 1 hour in an oil bath, and then maintained at 125 ° C. and maintained for 3 hours.
[0032]
Thereafter, the autoclave was cooled in an ice bath, and when the temperature was 30 ° C., 2.7 parts by weight of chromium acetate and 2.2 parts by weight of hydroquinone were added, and then the autoclave container was purged with nitrogen, and ethylene oxide was added under pressure. 528 parts by weight were added. The inside of the system was pressurized to 300 kPa with a gauge pressure with nitrogen, and then gradually heated in an oil bath while stirring to reach 75 ° C. in about 1 hour. Thereafter, the reaction liquid was maintained at 75 ° C. by adjusting the heating, and when the amount of residual methacrylic acid reached 0.5% by weight (reaction time: 7.0 hours), the autoclave was cooled under a water bath under reduced pressure. Unreacted ethylene oxide was removed.
[0033]
After the system reached 30 ° C. at 2 kPa and held for 15 minutes, after returning to normal pressure, 1290 parts by weight of the reaction solution was supplied to the thin film evaporator at a constant flow rate while the heat transfer surface temperature was 85 ° C. and 300 Pa. Distillation was performed under reduced pressure to obtain 1025 parts by weight of the primary distillation distillate, and then the primary distillation residue was again distilled in the same manner to obtain 195 parts by weight of the secondary distillation distillate. Therefore, the primary distillation distillate and the secondary distillation distillate were mixed to obtain 1220 parts by weight of the product (yield 93.8%). The compositional analysis results of the product were 97.0% by weight of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 0.2% by weight of methacrylic acid, 0.1% by weight of water, and 2.7% by weight of others.
[0034]
The number of product colors was APHA 10 or less, there was almost no coloration, and the IP value was 22 (minutes), confirming excellent polymerizability. Conditions and results are shown in Table 1 together with other examples.
[0035]
In addition, when methacrylic acid derived from acetone cyanohydrin (purity 99.5%) was used in the same manner after the reaction with ethylene oxide without any special treatment, the yield and the composition were exactly the same. The number of colors of the obtained product was APHA 10 or less, and the IP value was 23 (minutes). That is, according to the present invention, even when using methacrylic acid obtained by a gas phase oxidation method, the number of colors and IP value equivalent to those of methacrylic acid derived from acetone cyanohydrin by a simple contact treatment with a primary amine. And was found to be extremely advantageous industrially.
[0036]
[Comparative Example 1]
As a result of carrying out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the same methacrylic acid as in Example 1 was used and no treatment with o-phenylenediamine was performed, the yield of the product was 1218 parts by weight (yield 93.6%). The compositional analysis results of the product were 97.1% by weight of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 0.2% by weight of methacrylic acid, 0.1% by weight of water, and 2.6% by weight of others. At this time, the reaction time was 8.0 hours, and the time required to complete the reaction was longer than that in Example 1. The product had a number of colors of APHA of 100 to 150 and was highly colored, and an IP value of 225 (min) and extremely low polymerization.
[0037]
[Examples 2 to 17]
Table 1 shows the results obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the same methacrylic acid as in Example 1 was used and only the type of primary amine, the addition amount, and the treatment conditions were changed. The addition amount of the primary amine is shown as an equivalent per amine group with respect to methacrylic acid used.
[0038]
[Examples 18 to 20]
The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that the same methacrylic acid as in Example 1 was used and the catalyst was used in the reaction with ethylene oxide, and the type and amount added were changed as shown in Table 2. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0039]
[Example 21]
To a 2 liter autoclave with a stirrer, 861 parts by weight of the same methacrylic acid as used in Example 1 and 6.0 parts by weight of ethylenediamine (2.0 mol% with respect to methacrylic acid) were added. While blowing a small amount of air into the mixed solution, the temperature was raised from room temperature to 120 ° C. over 1 hour in an oil bath, and then maintained at 120 ° C. for 3 hours.
[0040]
Thereafter, the autoclave was cooled in a water bath to 30 ° C., and 2.7 parts by weight of chromium acetate, 2.8 parts by weight of hydroquinone monomethyl ether, and 864 parts by weight of 1,2-butylene oxide were added. After sealing the autoclave, the inside of the system was replaced with nitrogen, and further pressurized to a gauge pressure of 300 kPa. Then, the temperature was gradually raised in an oil bath with stirring so that the temperature reached 75 ° C. in about 1 hour. Thereafter, the reaction solution was maintained at 75 ° C. by heating, and when the amount of residual methacrylic acid reached 0.5% by weight (reaction time: 8.5 hours), the autoclave was cooled in a water bath under reduced pressure. Then, unreacted 1,2-butylene oxide was removed.
[0041]
After the system reached 30 ° C. at 2 kPa and held for 15 minutes, after returning to normal pressure, 1570 parts by weight of the reaction solution was supplied to the thin film evaporator at a constant flow rate, while the heat transfer surface temperature was 100 ° C. and the pressure was reduced by 300 Pa. The lower distillation was performed to obtain 1275 parts by weight of the primary distillation distillate, and then the primary distillation residue was again distilled in the same manner to obtain 156 parts by weight of the secondary distillation distillate. Therefore, the primary distillation distillate and the secondary distillation distillate were mixed to obtain 1431 parts by weight (yield 90.6%) of the product. The compositional analysis results of the product were 97.9% by weight of 2-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 0.3% by weight of methacrylic acid, 0.1% by weight of water, and 1.7% by weight of others. The product color number was APHA 15 and the IP value was 32 (min).
[0042]
[Comparative Example 2]
The same methacrylic acid as in Example 21 was used, except that the treatment with ethylenediamine was not performed. As a result, the yield of the product was 1445 parts by weight (yield 91.5%). The purity of 2-hydroxybutyl methacrylate was 98.1%. At this time, the reaction time was 9.5 hours, and the time required to complete the reaction was longer than that in Example 21. Moreover, the color number of this product was 100-150 APHA, and the IP value was 258 (min).
[0043]
[Comparative Example 3]
The same methacrylic acid as in Example 15 was used, and contact treatment with ethylenediamine was not performed, but 6.0 parts by weight of ethylenediamine (2.0 mol% with respect to methacrylic acid) was reacted with ethylene oxide and methacrylic acid. The reaction was carried out in exactly the same manner as in Example 15 except that it was added. The time for the amount of residual methacrylic acid to reach 0.5% by weight (reaction time: 7.0 hours) was exactly the same as in Example 15, and the product yield of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate obtained by thin film distillation was 91. The purity was 0% and the purity was 97.5%. However, the product color number was APHA 20-50, and the IP value was 180 (min).
[0044]
The results of the above examples and comparative examples are summarized in Table 1.
[0045]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004369568
(In the table, HAMA: hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate)
[0046]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004369568
[0047]
According to the present invention, it can be manufactured at low cost with high quality hydroxyalkyl meth acrylate in high yields while using methacrylic acid obtained in the gas-phase oxidation reaction.

Claims (5)

炭素数4の化合物の気相酸化反応で得られたメタクリル酸を、第1級アミンと液相中で接触させた後、前記第1級アミンを含む前記メタクリル酸とアルキレンオキサイドとを反応させることを特徴とするヒドロキシアルキルメタクリレートの製造方法。The methacrylic acid obtained by the gas phase oxidation reaction of a compound having 4 carbon atoms is brought into contact with a primary amine in a liquid phase, and then the methacrylic acid containing the primary amine is reacted with an alkylene oxide. method for producing a hydroxyalkyl meth acrylate, wherein. 前記の炭素数4の化合物の気相酸化反応で得られるメタクリル酸が、炭素数4の化合物としてイソブチレンまたはt−ブチルアルコールを用いて気相酸化反応によりメタクロレインを中間物質として経由して合成されたメタクリル酸であるか、あるいは炭素数4の化合物としてその他の飽和または不飽和炭化水素類の異性化および/または脱水素反応の後、気相酸化反応を行って合成されたメタクリル酸である請求項1記載のヒドロキシアルキルメタクリレートの製造方法。  Methacrylic acid obtained by the gas phase oxidation reaction of the compound having 4 carbon atoms is synthesized via methacrolein as an intermediate substance by gas phase oxidation reaction using isobutylene or t-butyl alcohol as the compound having 4 carbon atoms. Methacrylic acid, or methacrylic acid synthesized by a gas phase oxidation reaction after isomerization and / or dehydrogenation of other saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons as a compound having 4 carbon atoms Item 2. A method for producing a hydroxyalkyl methacrylate according to Item 1. 前記第1級アミンが、メチルアミン、エチルアミン、n−プロピルアミン、イソプロピルアミン、n−ブチルアミン、イソブチルアミン、t−ブチルアミン、ヒドラジン、フェニルヒドラジン、モノエタノールアミン、1,6−ヘキサンジアミン、塩酸ヒドロキシルアミン、エチレンジアミン、ジエチレントリアミン、トリエチレンテトラミン、テトラエチレンペンタミン、アニリン、ベンジルアミン、フェネチルアミン、アニシジン、トルイジン、o−フェニレンジアミン、p−フェニレンジアミンおよびm−フェニレンジアミンからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種以上のものであることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載のヒドロキシアルキルメタクリレートの製造方法。The primary amine is methylamine, ethylamine, n-propylamine, isopropylamine, n-butylamine, isobutylamine, t-butylamine, hydrazine, phenylhydrazine, monoethanolamine, 1,6-hexanediamine, hydroxylamine hydrochloride At least one selected from the group consisting of ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, aniline, benzylamine, phenethylamine, anisidine, toluidine, o-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine and m-phenylenediamine. the process according to claim 1 or 2 hydroxyalkyl meth acrylate according to, characterized in that. 前記メタクリル酸とアルキレンオキサイドとの反応を行う際に、触媒として金属化合物を用いることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のヒドロキシアルキルメタクリレートの製造方法。Wherein when performing the reaction between methacrylic acid and the alkylene oxide, method for producing a hydroxyalkyl meth acrylate according to claim 1, characterized in that a metal compound as a catalyst. 触媒として用いる前記金属化合物が、鉄、アルミニウム、クロム、リチウム、亜鉛、カドミウム、ニオブおよびルテニウムからなる群より選ばれた少なくとも一種の金属を含有する化合物であることを特徴とする請求項4記載のヒドロキシアルキルメタクリレートの製造方法。5. The metal compound used as a catalyst is a compound containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, aluminum, chromium, lithium, zinc, cadmium, niobium and ruthenium. method for producing a hydroxyalkyl meth acrylate.
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