JP4368730B2 - PROCESS ALLOCATION MANAGEMENT DEVICE, PROCESS ALLOCATION MANAGEMENT DEVICE CONTROL METHOD AND PROGRAM - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing allocation management device, a control method for a processing allocation management device, and a program.

  With the development of communication networks such as the Internet, information processing apparatuses installed at a site request processing from information processing apparatuses installed at another site. For example, in so-called data centers, there are not a few operations that allow the surplus capacity of information processing apparatuses to be interchanged among a plurality of data centers in anticipation of the merit of reducing operation costs by sharing resources. In recent years, a so-called grid that flexibly responds to sudden changes in the amount of information processing and effectively utilizes the surplus capacity of individual information processing devices by performing distributed processing among a large number of unspecified information processing devices on the Internet. Computing is attracting attention.

Here, in order to realize these technologies, when a processing request is generated in a certain information processing apparatus, the processing for the processing request is appropriately performed for the information processing apparatus that provides the processing capability to execute the processing request. A mechanism to allocate is necessary. As such a mechanism, for example, Patent Document 1 includes a distributed processing entrustment terminal, a distributed processing capability providing terminal, and a distributed processing mediation server that performs mediation services between them via a network. A mechanism for mediating surplus processing capability provided by a distributed processing capability providing terminal to a distributed processing entrusting terminal is disclosed.
JP 2002-269394 A

  By the way, when trying to implement a mechanism that provides processing capability between information processing devices on a communication network as a service, it takes place between the requester side that requests processing and the provider side that provides processing capability. In order to satisfy the conditions such as various contracts and SLA (Service Level Agreement) exchanged, it is necessary to appropriately manage the allocation of processing to the information processing apparatus for processing requests. In addition, since the processing capability of the information processing apparatus that executes the process often changes from moment to moment, it is provided in each information processing apparatus in order to appropriately allocate the process so that the process is executed efficiently. It is also important to accurately grasp the processing capacity based on the actual value. Further, from the viewpoint of improving customer service, it is also required that processing capacity be provided at the lowest possible price.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and a processing allocation management apparatus capable of allocating processes to an information processing apparatus so as to minimize processing costs while satisfying conditions such as contracts and SLA, It is an object of the present invention to provide a control method and program for a processing allocation management device.

In order to achieve the above object, a main invention of the present invention has a CPU and a memory, and provides a processing request transmitting device for transmitting a processing request, and a processing capability for executing processing for the processing request. A processing allocation management device that connects to a plurality of processing capability providing devices in a communicable manner and selects the processing capability providing device that executes the processing for the processing request, and includes the processing request received from the processing request transmitting device. The requested processing amount, the request penalty that is a penalty requested by the intermediary that operates the processing allocation management device by the requester who transmits the processing request, and the penalty that is a requirement condition of the request penalty execute the request processing table gold requirements has been registered, the request amount of processing is expressed as the number of the processing request accepted per unit time, corresponding to process Required for the processing capability providing apparatus processing capabilities of the processing capability providing apparatus which is represented as throughput per hardware unit time included in the necessary processing capability table that is registered, the processing capacity A fee for the processing capability to be provided for each of the providing devices, a provision penalty that is a penalty paid by the provider of the processing capability providing device to the intermediary, and a provision penalty payment that is a payment condition for the provision penalty A provision device contract information table in which conditions are registered, a reservation capability that is a processing capability to be reserved for each processing capability providing device, a provision capability actually provided by the processing capability providing device, and the reservation capability A provision result table in which a correspondence with an occurrence probability, which is a probability that provision ability is provided, is stored, and the CPU By executing a program stored in the memory, a required processing capacity which is a processing capacity of the processing capacity providing device corresponding to the required processing capacity is obtained based on the required processing capacity table, and the penalty requirement condition and The request processing amount generated by statistically processing the required processing capacity table, calculating a minimum required processing amount that is the required processing amount of a boundary that requests the request penalty from the request penalty A value of the processing capacity corresponding to the minimum required processing amount is obtained as a minimum required processing capacity from a graph showing a relationship with the processing capacity, and the provision penalty is based on the provision penalty payment condition and the reservation capacity. calculating a guaranteed throughput is the processing capability of the boundary of pay, and values the said rates processing capability providing apparatus is calculated by multiplying the capacity to provide, before The provision penalty is determined based on a graph indicating a relationship between the provision ability and the occurrence probability generated by statistically processing the provision result table, and the probability that the processing ability is equal to or less than the minimum required processing ability. by adding a value calculated by multiplying the calculated processing costs, of the guaranteed throughput is said minimum required processing capacity than the processing capability providing apparatus, the processing cost is minimum The processing capability providing device is selected as a device that executes processing for the processing request, and a message requesting execution of the processing is transmitted to the selected processing capability providing device.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to assign processing to an information processing apparatus so as to minimize processing costs while satisfying conditions such as contracts and SLA.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a processing allocation management system 1 described as an embodiment of the present invention. The processing allocation management device 100, the processing request transmission device 110, and the processing capability providing device 120 are connected to be communicable via the communication network 150. The processing allocation management device 100, the processing request transmission device 110, and the processing capability providing device 120 are, for example, a personal computer, an office computer, a mainframe, or the like. The communication network 150 is, for example, the Internet, a LAN (Local Area Network), a WAN (Wide Area Network), a dedicated line, a power line network, a wireless network, a public line network, a mobile phone network, or the like. A virtual private network technology such as VPN (Virtual Private Network) may be applied to the communication network 150. For example, when the communication network 150 is the Internet and the processing allocation management device 100, the processing request transmission device 110, and the processing capability providing device 120 are devices that constitute a grid computing system, processing allocation management is performed. The device 100 is a device that provides a service for providing the processing capability of the processing capability providing device 120 to the processing allocation management device 100 operated by the customer.

  The processing request transmission device 110 transmits a processing request to the processing allocation management device 100. The processing capability providing apparatus 120 provides processing capability for executing processing for the processing request. The processing allocation management device 100 selects a processing capability providing device 120 that executes processing for the processing request, and transmits a processing execution request for the processing request to the selected processing capability providing device 120. That is, the processing allocation management device 100 is interposed between the processing request transmission device 110 and the processing capability providing device 120, and mediates the allocation of processing requests received from the processing request transmission device 110 to the processing capability providing device 120. Device. In the following description, a person who transmits a process request from the process request transmitting apparatus 110 to the process allocation management apparatus 100 is referred to as a requester. In addition, an operator of the processing allocation management apparatus 100 is referred to as an intermediary. Furthermore, a person who operates the processing capability providing apparatus 120 and provides the processing capability of the processing capacity providing apparatus 120 to the processing allocation management apparatus 100 is referred to as a provider.

  FIG. 2 shows an example of a hardware configuration of a computer used as the processing assignment management apparatus 100. The computer 200 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 210, a memory 211 such as a RAM / ROM, an external storage device 212 such as a hard disk device, an input device 213 such as a keyboard and a mouse, an output device 214 such as a display and a printer, and a communication interface 215. Etc.

  FIG. 3 shows the functions of the process allocation management apparatus 100 and the data stored in the process allocation management apparatus 100. Various functions of the processing allocation management device 100 are realized by the CPU 210 executing a program stored in the memory 211. In the process allocation management device 100, functions such as a process request accepting unit 310, a provision result managing unit 320, a processing cost managing unit 330, and a providing device managing unit 340 are realized. Further, the processing allocation management device 100 stores data such as a request processing table 350, a necessary processing capacity table 360, a provision result table 370, a provision device contract information table 380, a reservation candidate table 390, and the like.

  The process request accepting unit 310 receives the process request transmitted from the process request transmitting apparatus 110, and registers the content of the received process request in the request process table 350 shown in FIG. FIG. 4 shows an example of the request processing table 350. Among the items in the request processing table 350, the request request unit 411, the request processing 412, the provision time 414, the request processing amount 415, the budget 416, the request penalty request condition 417, and the request penalty 418 include a processing request receiving unit 310. The content of the processing request received from the processing request transmission device 110 is registered. Registered in the requesting device 411 is an identifier (hereinafter referred to as a requesting device ID) of the processing request transmitting device 110 that has transmitted the processing request. Registered in the request process 412 is an identifier (hereinafter referred to as a process ID) that uniquely identifies the content of the process requested by the process request. In the process type 413, information indicating whether the process executed for the process request is an online process or a batch process is registered. In the provision time 414, a time desired to execute the requested process (hereinafter referred to as a desired execution time) is registered. In the request processing amount 415, a value indicating the processing amount of the request processing 412 is registered. In the budget 416, an amount that can be paid for the processing requested by the requester for the processing request presented to the mediator (hereinafter referred to as a budget) is registered. In the request penalty request condition 417, a condition for requesting a penalty (penalty) is registered. Registered in the requested penalty 418 is the amount of penalty (hereinafter referred to as a requested penalty) requested by the client when the requested penalty requirement 417 is met.

  Among the items included in the request processing table 350 shown in FIG. 4, the contents of the providing device 419, the reservation capability 420, and the providing capability 421 are the processing capability providing devices that execute processing for processing requests by the processing allocation management device 100. It is registered when 120 is elected. Among these, the providing device 419 registers the identifier of the selected processing capability providing device 120 (hereinafter referred to as providing device ID). In the reservation capability 420, a value indicating a processing capability reserved for the selected processing capability providing apparatus 120 (hereinafter referred to as a reservation capability) is registered.

  Among the items included in the request processing table 350 shown in FIG. 4, the content is registered in the provision capability 421 after the processing for the processing request is executed. In the provision capability 421, a value indicating the performance of the processing capability actually provided by the processing capability providing apparatus 120 with respect to the processing capability (reservation capability) registered in the reservation capability 420 is registered. The registered content of the requested processing amount 415 is described in an expression closer to the business side, such as “accept 100,000 order items per minute”, whereas the processing capability of the processing capability providing apparatus 120 is “ It is described in expressions closer to the system side such as “MIPS (Million Instructions Per Second) value” and “FLOPS (Floating Operations Per Second) value”. Here, in order to compare the registered content of the requested processing amount 415 with the processing capability of the processing capability providing apparatus 120, it is necessary to match both expressions. The necessary processing capacity table 360 shown in FIG. 3 is used for that purpose. In the necessary processing capacity table 360, the correspondence between the expression of the requested processing amount and the expression of the processing capacity is registered. FIG. 5 is an example of the necessary processing capacity table 360. The process ID is registered in the request process 511 of the necessary processing capacity table 360. The requested processing amount 512 is registered in the requested processing amount 512. The processing capacity is registered in the processing capacity 513. Further, the processing allocation management device 100 generates the graph shown in FIG. 6 based on the necessary processing capacity table 360. A graph 600 shown in FIG. 6 is generated by complementing the registered contents of the necessary processing capacity table 360 which is a discrete value by the least square method or the like. The horizontal axis 611 is the processing capability of the processing capability providing apparatus 120, and the vertical axis 612 is the requested processing amount. According to FIG. 5 or FIG. 6, the request processing table 350 described in a representation closer to the business side, such as the number of processing per unit time (cases / minute) and the number of processing bytes per unit time (bytes / second). The registered contents of the requested processing amount 415 can be compared with the processing capability of the processing capability providing apparatus 120 managed by the expression closer to the system side such as the MIPS value and the FLOPS value.

The provision result management unit 320 manages the provision result table 370 illustrated in FIG. 3, which is a table in which past result values for the processing ability of the processing ability providing device 120 are managed based on the registration contents of the request processing table 350. . FIG. 7 shows an example of the provision result table 370. The providing device ID is registered in the providing device 711. In the reservation capability 712, the contents of the reservation capability 420 of the request processing table 350 are registered. In the provision capability 713, the actual value of the processing capability actually provided by the processing capability providing apparatus 120 is registered. In the occurrence probability 714, when the processing capability registered in the reservation capability 712 is requested to the processing capability providing apparatus 120, the probability that the processing capability is actually provided is registered. This probability is calculated, for example, by statistically processing the contents of the provision result table 370. Providing performance management unit 320 generates a graph 800 shown in FIG. 8 based on the provided record table 370. The horizontal axis 811 of the graph 800 is the processing capability provided by the processing capability providing apparatus 120 (hereinafter also referred to as providing capability), and the vertical axis 812 is the occurrence probability with respect to the providing capability. The graph 800 is generated for each processing capability providing apparatus 120. A curve 821 shown in the graph 800 corresponds to the case where the reservation capability is “70”. A curve 822 corresponds to the case where the reservation capability is “140”. A curve 823 corresponds to the case where the reservation capability is “200”.

  The processing cost management unit 330 generates a reservation candidate table 390 shown in FIG. 3, which is a table used when selecting the processing capability providing apparatus 120 that executes the processing request received from the processing request transmitting apparatus 110. FIG. 9 shows an example of the reservation candidate table 390. A providing device ID is registered in the providing device 911. In the reservation capability 912, a value indicating the processing capability reserved in the processing capability providing apparatus 120 is registered. In the processing cost 913, a value indicating the processing cost caused by executing the processing is registered. In the surplus capacity 914, surplus capacity that is a value indicating the surplus processing capacity that the processing capacity providing apparatus 120 can provide to the processing allocation management apparatus 100 is registered.

  Among the functions shown in FIG. 3 other than the functions described above, the providing apparatus management unit 340 is a function that requests the selected processing capability providing apparatus 120 to execute processing for the processing request. Of the tables shown in FIG. 3 other than those described above, in the providing apparatus contract information table 380, contract information previously concluded between the mediator and the provider is registered. FIG. 10 shows an example of the providing apparatus contract information table 380. The providing apparatus ID is registered in the providing apparatus 1011. In the fee 1012, a fee (for example, an execution fee per 1 MIPS) related to execution of processing per unit provided processing capacity is registered. In the provision penalty payment condition 1013, the payment condition of the penalty is registered. In the provision penalty 1014, an amount of a penalty (hereinafter referred to as a provision penalty) that the provider pays to the mediator when the contents of the provision penalty payment condition 1013 are satisfied is set.

== Description of processing ==
Next, processing performed by the processing allocation management system 1 described above will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS.

  FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a process performed by the process assignment management apparatus 100 when the process assignment management apparatus 100 receives a process request from the process request transmission apparatus 110.

  When receiving the processing request transmitted from the processing capability request transmitting apparatus 110, the processing request receiving unit 310 registers the content in the request processing table 350 (step 1110). In the request processing table 350 illustrated in FIG. 4, the content of the processing request transmitted from the processing request transmission device 110 whose request device ID is “device A” is registered. More specifically, the content of the request processing amount specified by the processing ID “processing A” is “10” between “14: 00-18: 00” and the budget “1000”. If the processing amount actually provided by the processing capacity providing device 120 is “less than 80% of the requested processing amount”, the client requests a penalty of “200” from the intermediary. Is. In the following description, the processing amount at the boundary where the requester requests a penalty from the broker when the value falls below that value will be referred to as the minimum required processing amount. In the case of FIG. 4, the minimum required processing amount is calculated as “10 × 0.8 = 8”.

  In step 1111, the processing request accepting unit 310 performs processing corresponding to the request processing amount 415 of the request processing table 350 and processing capability of the processing capability providing apparatus 120 (hereinafter referred to as request processing capability), Then, the processing capability required to execute the minimum required processing amount (hereinafter referred to as the minimum required processing capability) is obtained from the graph 600 shown in FIG. 6 (step 1111). Here, the required processing capacity is “100” as the processing capacity corresponding to the required processing amount 611 of “10”. Further, the minimum required processing capability is obtained as “70” as the processing capability corresponding to the required processing amount 611 of “8”.

  Next, the providing apparatus management unit 340 selects one of the providing apparatuses 1011 registered in the providing apparatus contract information table 380 of FIG. 10 (Step 1112). Here, it is assumed that the providing device management unit 340 selects the processing capability providing device 120 whose providing device ID registered at the top of the providing device contract information table 380 is “device a”.

  Next, the processing cost management unit 330 searches for the reserved processing capacity that minimizes the processing cost for the selected processing capacity providing device 120 (step 1113). Note that the processing in step 1113 will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart described in detail in FIG.

  In step 1211 of FIG. 12, the processing cost management unit 330 sets the maximum processing capability (hereinafter referred to as the maximum processing capability) that can be provided by the processing capability providing apparatus 120 selected in step 1112 as a work variable used in the processing. To the processing power variable. The maximum processing capacity is notified in advance from the provider to the mediator, and is stored in the processing allocation management apparatus 100. Here, the maximum processing capacity variable is “200”, and “200” is set to the processing capacity variable. The processing cost management unit 330 initializes a reservation capability candidate and a processing cost candidate, which are work variables used in the processing (step 1211). By the above initialization, “NULL value” is set to the reservation capability candidate. In the processing cost candidate, a maximum value that can be taken on the system by initialization is set as an initial value in order to set the processing cost to the processing cost candidate in the first processing of step 1220 described later.

  Next, the processing cost management unit 330 sets a value obtained by multiplying the content of the fee 1012 registered in the providing device contract information table 380 and the value of the processing capability variable as the processing fee for “apparatus a” (step “step a”). 1212). In the example of FIG. 10, the content of the charge 1012 of “apparatus a” is “3”, and the value of the processing capacity variable is “200”. Therefore, “3 × 200 = 600” is set as the processing fee.

  Next, the processing cost management unit 330 pays a provision penalty to the intermediary when the actual processing capability provided by the processing capability providing device 120 falls below that based on the providing device contract information table 380. And a penalty (hereinafter referred to as a provision penalty) to be paid from the provider to the intermediary when it falls below the guarantee processing capability (step 1213). ). The guarantee processing capability is obtained from the contents of the provision penalty payment condition 1013 of the provision apparatus contract information table 380. In “apparatus a” in FIG. 10, the content of the provision penalty payment condition 1013 is “less than 75% of the reservation capability”. Here, the guaranteed processing capacity is calculated by applying the value of the processing capacity variable as the reservation capacity. Therefore, the guaranteed processing capacity is calculated as “200 × 0.75 = 150”. Further, since the content of the provision penalty 1014 is “50% of the fee”, the provision penalty is calculated as “600 × 0.5 = 300”.

Next, the processing cost management unit 330 calculates the probability that a penalty will be paid from the processing request transmission device 110 based on the graph 800 shown in FIG. 8 (step 1214). This probability is, in the graph 800 shown in FIG. 8, it is determined by calculating the probability of processing power provided by the processing capability providing apparatus 120 is below the minimum required processing power found in step 1111. Here, the probability of occurrence is calculated by applying the value of the processing capability variable as the reservation capability. Since the value of the processing capacity variable is “200” at this time, the curve 823 shown in FIG. 8 corresponds. Here, since the curve 823 never falls below the minimum required processing capability, the occurrence probability is calculated as “0”.

  Next, the processing cost management unit 330 calculates a processing cost by multiplying the processing fee calculated in step 1212 by the provision penalty calculated in step 1213 and the occurrence probability (step 1215). Here, the processing cost is calculated as “600 + 300 × 0 = 600”.

  Next, the processing cost management unit 330 compares the contents of the budget 416 of the request processing table 350 with the processing cost calculated in step 1215 (step 1216). If the processing cost is less than the budget (step 1216: Y), the process proceeds to step 1217. If the processing cost exceeds the budget (step 1216: N), the process proceeds to step 1221. Here, the processing cost is “600”, and the content of the budget 416 (budget for the processing request whose processing ID is “processing A”) is “1000”, so the processing cost is below the budget. Accordingly, the process proceeds to step 1217.

  Next, in step 1217, the processing cost management unit 330 compares the minimum required processing capacity calculated in step 1111 with the guaranteed processing capacity calculated in step 1213 (step 1217). When the minimum required processing capacity is equal to or less than the guaranteed processing capacity (step 1217: Y), the process proceeds to step 1218. If the minimum required processing capacity exceeds the guaranteed processing capacity (step 1217: N), the process proceeds to step 1221. It should be noted that the case where the guaranteed processing capability interrupts the minimum required processing capability is excluded from the candidates by the processing of step 1217. Here, since the minimum required processing capacity is “70” and the guaranteed processing capacity is “150”, the minimum required processing capacity is equal to or less than the guaranteed processing capacity. Accordingly, the process proceeds to step 1218.

  Next, the processing cost management unit 330 compares the contents of the request penalty 414 in the request processing table 350 of FIG. 4 with the provision penalty calculated in step 1213 (step 1218). When the content of the requested penalty 414 is equal to or less than the provision penalty (step 1218: Y), the process proceeds to step 1219. If the content of the requested penalty 414 exceeds the provision penalty (step 1218: N), the process proceeds to step 1221. It should be noted that the processing in step 1218 excludes the case where the provision penalty has interrupted the requested penalty from the candidates. Here, the content of the requested penalty 414 is “200”, the provided penalty is “300”, and the content of the requested penalty 414 is equal to or less than the provided penalty. Accordingly, the process proceeds to step 1219.

  Next, the processing cost management unit 330 compares the processing cost candidate, which is a work variable, with the processing cost calculated in step 1215 (step 1219). If the processing cost is equal to or lower than the processing cost candidate (step 1219: Y), the process proceeds to step 1220. When the processing cost is higher than the processing cost candidate (step 1219: N), the process proceeds to step 1221. Here, the maximum value that can be taken in the system in step 1211 is set as the processing cost candidate, and the processing cost value is “600”, so the processing cost is smaller than the processing cost candidate. Accordingly, the process proceeds to step 1220.

  In step 1220, the contents of the processing capacity variable are set in the reservation capacity candidate that is a work variable. Further, a processing cost value is set to a processing cost candidate that is a work variable (step 1220). Here, since the value of the processing capacity variable is “200”, “200” is set as the reservation capacity candidate. Further, “600” which is the value of the processing cost is set to the processing cost candidate.

  In step 1221, the value of the reservation capability variable is decreased by a small amount (step 1221). That is, the process of step 1113 in FIG. 11 is performed by changing (decreasing) the value of the processing capacity variable from the maximum processing capacity set in step 1211 to the minimum required processing capacity calculated in step 1111 by a minute interval. This is a process for obtaining a processing capability variable that minimizes the processing cost. In this way, the minimum required processing capacity requested by the client is guaranteed by setting the range of processing capacity to be within the maximum processing capacity of the processing capacity providing device 120 and above the minimum required processing capacity. On the other hand, significant candidates can be appropriately selected within the range of the maximum processing capability that can be provided by the processing capability providing apparatus 120.

  As the minute amount, for example, when a value obtained by equally dividing 1000 from the maximum processing capacity “200” to the minimum required processing capacity “70” (in this case, “0.14”), the processing capacity variable is “200”. If so, the value of the processing capacity variable after being reduced by a small amount is calculated as “200−0.14 = 199.86”.

  In step 1222, the processing capacity variable is compared with the minimum required processing capacity (step 1222). When the value of the processing capacity variable is equal to or larger than the value of the minimum required processing capacity (step 1222: Y), the process proceeds to step 1212. If the value of the processing capacity variable is smaller than the value of the minimum required processing capacity (step 1222: N), the process proceeds to step 1114 in the flowchart of FIG.

  In step 1114 of the flowchart of FIG. 11, the processing cost management unit 330 determines whether or not a value is set for the reservation capability candidate (step 1114). If a value is set for the reservation ability candidate (step 1114: Y), the process proceeds to step 1115. If no value is set for the reservation ability candidate (step 1114: N), the process proceeds to step 1117.

  In step 1115, the providing device management unit 340 sets the processing capability set in the reservation capability candidate for the processing capability providing device 120 searched in step 1113 during the period registered in the providing time 414 of the request processing table 350. It is determined whether or not the capability can be provided, that is, whether or not the processing capability providing apparatus 120 can be reserved (step 1115). If the reservation is possible (step 1115: Y), the process proceeds to step 1116. If reservation is impossible (step 1115: N), the process proceeds to step 1117. This determination is made by comparing the processing capacity set for the reservation capacity candidate with the surplus capacity of the processing capacity providing apparatus 120 acquired and stored by the processing allocation management apparatus 100 from the processing capacity providing apparatus 120. Is done. The surplus capacity is obtained by quantifying the processing capacity that the processing capacity providing device 120 can provide to the processing allocation management apparatus 100 as described above. The processing allocation management apparatus 100 acquires surplus capacity or information necessary for calculating the surplus capacity by appropriately inquiring the processing capacity providing apparatus 120, for example. The information necessary for calculating the surplus capacity includes the processing load of the processing capacity providing device 120 and the schedule state of the process. The surplus capacity is generated using these pieces of information as parameters.

  Next, the processing cost management unit 330 registers information about the processing capability providing apparatus 120 searched in Step 1113 in the reservation candidate table 390 (Step 1116). Here, a reservation capability candidate value is registered in the reservation capability 912, and a processing cost candidate value is registered in the processing cost 913. The surplus capacity 914 registers the surplus capacity when the processing request is executed. That is, a value obtained by subtracting the value of the reservation capability candidate from the surplus capability before executing the process is registered in the surplus capability 914.

  In step 1117, the processing cost management unit 330 determines whether or not the processing capability providing apparatus 120 to be targeted next exists in the providing apparatus contract information table 380 (step 1117). If it exists (step 1117: Y), one new processing capability providing device 120 is selected, and the processing from step 1113 is repeated for that processing capability providing device 120. If it does not exist (step 1117: N), the process proceeds to step 1118.

  In step 1118, the processing cost management unit 330 searches for the processing capability providing device 120 with the lowest processing cost among the processing capability providing devices 120 registered in the reservation candidate table 390. Then, the processing cost management unit 330 assigns processing for the processing request received in step 1110 (step 1118).

  FIG. 13 is a flowchart for explaining the process related to this allocation. The processing cost management unit 330 first searches the reservation candidate table 390 for the processing capability providing apparatus 120 having the minimum processing cost 913 (step 1311). Here, in the reservation candidate table 390 shown in FIG. 9, the processing cost 913 of the candidate whose provision device ID is “device a” and the processing capability provision device 120 whose device is “device c” is the smallest. These will be searched.

  Next, in step 1312, the processing cost management unit 330 determines whether or not a plurality of processing capability providing apparatuses 120 has been searched by the search in step 1311 (step 1312). If a plurality of processing capability providing apparatuses 120 are searched (step 1312: Y), the process proceeds to step 1313. If only one processing capability providing apparatus 120 is searched (step 1312: N), the process proceeds to step 1315.

  In step 1315, processing is assigned to the retrieved processing capability providing apparatus 120. This assignment is performed by the processing request accepting unit 310 registering the providing device ID of the assigned processing capability providing device 120 in the providing device 419 of the request processing table 350 (step 1315).

  In step 1313, the process request accepting unit 310 refers to the content of the process type 413 of the request process table 350, and whether the process for the process request received in step 1110 is an online process or a batch process. Is determined (step 1313). If “online” is registered in the process type 413 (step 1313: online process), the process proceeds to step 1314. If “batch” is registered in the process type 413 (step 1313: batch process), the process proceeds to step 1316.

  In step 1314, the processing request accepting unit 310 searches for the processing capability providing device 120 having the maximum surplus capability, and assigns processing for the processing request received in step 1110 to the searched processing capability providing device 120. This assignment is performed by the processing request accepting unit 310 registering the providing device ID of the assigned processing capability providing device 120 in the providing device 419 of the request processing table 350 (step 1314). As described above, when processing for a processing request is online processing, the processing is allocated to the processing capability providing apparatus 120 having the largest surplus capacity. Generally, the processing load of online processing is more severe than that of batch processing. In addition, since it is difficult to predict fluctuations in the processing load, it is safer for operation to allocate the processing to the processing capability providing apparatus 120 having a surplus capacity as much as possible, and the probability of paying a penalty is reduced. Because it can. When there are a plurality of processing capability providing devices 120 having the largest surplus capability, the processing request receiving unit 310 selects one processing capability providing device 120 according to an appropriate selection rule such as ascending order or descending order of the providing device ID. To do. In the request processing table 350 shown in FIG. 4, since the processing type 413 is online, the processing is assigned to the processing capability providing device 120 having the maximum surplus capability 914 and the providing device ID “device a” in step 1314. become.

  Note that the method for determining whether the processing request is online processing or batch processing is not limited to the method described above. For example, when the request processing amount 415 of the request processing table 350 is expressed in a unit indicating the processing amount per unit time such as “case / minute”, it is determined that the processing is online processing, and “case”. In the case where the processing amount is expressed in a unit that does not depend on time as in the above case, it may be determined that the processing is batch processing.

  In step 1316, the processing request accepting unit 310 searches for the processing capability providing apparatus 120 having the smallest surplus capability, and assigns processing for the processing request received in step 1110 to the searched processing capability providing apparatus 120. Here, the assignment is performed by the processing request receiving unit 310 registering the providing device ID of the assigned processing capability providing device 120 in the providing device 419 of the request processing table 350 (step 1316). As described above, when processing for a processing request is batch processing, processing is allocated to the processing capability providing apparatus 120 having the smallest surplus capacity. Generally, batch processing has less variation in processing load than online processing. This is also because the processing load is relatively easy to predict, and even if the processing is assigned to the processing capability providing apparatus 120 having a small surplus capability, there is little problem in operation. This is also because the surplus capacity can be released for online processing. When there are a plurality of processing capability providing devices 120 with the smallest surplus capability, the processing request receiving unit 310 selects one processing capability providing device 120 according to an appropriate selection rule such as ascending order or descending order of the providing device ID. To do.

  Next, in step 1119 of the flowchart of FIG. 11, the providing apparatus management unit 340 executes processing for the processing request received in step 1110 for the apparatuses registered in the providing apparatus 419 of the request processing table 350. Send a message to request. In the request management table 350 illustrated in FIG. 4, since “device a” is registered in the providing device 419, the providing device management unit 340 provides the processing capability providing device 120 with the providing device ID “device a”. Send a message requesting execution of the process. The processing capability providing apparatus 120 that has received this message executes the requested process, and transmits a process completion notification and a process result to the process allocation management apparatus 100 after the execution.

  In step 1120, the providing device management unit 340 of the processing allocation management device 100 receives the processing completion notification and the processing result transmitted from the processing capability providing device 120 whose providing device ID is “device a” (step 1120). 1120). The processing result includes information corresponding to the provision capability 713 of the provision result table 370 of FIG. 7, and the provision result management unit 320 registers the information in the provision capability 713 of the provision result table 370. The same content is also registered in the provision capability 421 of the request processing table 350 (step 1121). In step 1122, the process request accepting unit 310 transmits the received process result to the process request transmitting apparatus 110 that has transmitted the process request in step 1110 (step 1122).

  As described above, according to the processing allocation management system 1 of the present invention, the required processing capacity and penalty conditions are satisfied and the processing cost is minimized within the required budget. In addition, the processing capability providing apparatus 120 can be assigned a processing request. For example, when the processing allocation management system 1 is applied to a processing capacity providing service or grid computing in a data center, the requested processing capacity or penalty conditions are within the budget requested by the client. The processing request can be assigned to a device that functions as the processing capability providing device 120 so that the processing cost is minimized. In addition, the processing cost calculated in step 1215 reflects the probability of the provision capability based on the actual value. That is, since the processing cost is calculated based on the past results registered in the provision result table 370, it is possible to reliably determine the processing capability providing device 120 that minimizes the processing cost based on the past results. Therefore, there is little risk that the expected processing capability cannot be obtained, and the processing capability provided by the processing capability providing apparatus 120 can be utilized to the maximum extent. That is, according to the process allocation management system 1 of the present invention, it is possible to perform process allocation so as to minimize the process cost while satisfying conditions such as contracts and SLA.

  In addition, the description of the above embodiment is for making an understanding of this invention easy, and does not limit this invention. It goes without saying that the present invention can be changed and improved without departing from the gist thereof, and that the present invention includes equivalents thereof.

It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the processing allocation management system 1 demonstrated as one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the hardware constitutions of the computer used as the process allocation management apparatus 100 demonstrated as one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the various functions which the process allocation management apparatus 100 demonstrated as one Embodiment of this invention, and the data memorize | stored. It is a figure which shows an example of the request process table 350 demonstrated as one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the required processing capacity table 360 demonstrated as one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the graph 600 produced | generated based on the required processing capacity table 360 demonstrated as one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the provision performance table 370 demonstrated as one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the graph 800 produced | generated based on the provision performance table 370 demonstrated as one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the reservation candidate table 390 demonstrated as one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the provision apparatus contract information table 380 demonstrated as one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating processing performed by the processing assignment management apparatus 100 when the processing assignment management apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention receives a processing request from the processing request transmission apparatus 110. It is a figure which shows the flowchart explaining the process which searches the reservation processing capability which minimizes the processing cost concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the flowchart explaining the process which allocates the process about the process request concerning one Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processing allocation management system 100 Processing allocation management apparatus 110 Processing request transmission apparatus 120 Processing capability provision apparatus 150 Communication network 200 Computer 210 CPU
211 Memory 310 Processing Request Accepting Unit 320 Provision Result Management Unit 330 Processing Cost Management Unit 340 Providing Device Management Unit 350 Request Processing Table 360 Required Processing Capacity Table 370 Provision Result Table 380 Provision Device Contract Information Table 390 Reservation Candidate Table

Claims (16)

CPU and memory
Communicatively connecting to a processing request transmitting device that transmits a processing request, and a plurality of processing capability providing devices that provide processing capability to execute processing for the processing request;
A processing allocation management device that selects the processing capability providing device that executes processing for the processing request,
A request penalty included in the process request received from the process request transmitting apparatus, which is a penalty requested by an intermediary operating the process allocation management apparatus by a requester who transmits the process request, , And a request processing table in which a penalty requirement condition that is a requirement condition of the request penalty is registered;
As the processing amount per unit time of the hardware provided in the processing capacity providing device necessary for executing the processing corresponding to the requested processing amount expressed as the number of processing requests received per unit time A required processing capacity table in which the processing capability of the processing capability providing device expressed is registered, and
For each of the processing capacity providing devices, a fee for the processing capacity to be provided, a provision penalty that is a penalty paid by the provider of the processing capacity providing device to the intermediary, and a provision that is a payment condition for the provision penalty Provided device contract information table in which penalty payment terms are registered,
A reservation capability that is a processing capability to be reserved for each processing capability providing device, a providing capability that is actually provided by the processing capability providing device, and an occurrence probability that is a probability that the providing capability is provided in the reservation capability Provided result table in which correspondence is registered,
Remember
The CPU executes a program stored in the memory, thereby
Based on the required processing capacity table, a required processing capacity that is a processing capacity of the processing capacity providing device corresponding to the required processing capacity is obtained,
Calculating a minimum required processing amount that is the required processing amount at a boundary for requesting the required penalty from the penalty requirement and the required penalty;
From the graph showing the relationship between the required processing capacity and the processing capacity generated by statistically processing the required processing capacity table , the value of the processing capacity corresponding to the minimum required processing capacity is the minimum required processing capacity. As sought
Based on the provision penalty payment conditions and the reservation capability, a guarantee processing capability that is a processing capability at a boundary of paying the provision penalty is calculated,
A value calculated by multiplying the charge by the processing capability provided by the processing capability providing device, and a relationship between the providing capability and the occurrence probability generated by statistically processing the provision result table determined from the graph, by the processing capability adds a value calculated by multiplying the provided penalty to the probability that the less the minimum required processing power to calculate processing costs,
Among the processing capability providing devices whose guaranteed processing capability is equal to or greater than the minimum required processing capability, the processing capability providing device with the minimum processing cost is selected and selected as a device that executes processing for the processing request. Sending a message requesting execution of the processing to the processing capability providing device;
A processing allocation management device characterized by the above. The processing allocation management device according to claim 1,
The request processing table includes a budget that the requester about the processing request presents to the mediator,
The CPU executes a program stored in the memory, thereby
Of the processing capability providing devices that satisfy the condition that the processing cost is equal to or less than the budget and the guaranteed processing capability is equal to or higher than the minimum required processing capability, the processing capability providing device that minimizes the processing cost. , As a device that executes processing for the processing request, and sending a message requesting execution of the processing to the selected processing capability providing device,
A processing allocation management device characterized by the above. The processing allocation management device according to claim 1 or 2,
The CPU executes a program stored in the memory, thereby
Of the processing capability providing apparatus that satisfies the condition that the required penalty is equal to or less than the provided penalty and the guaranteed processing capability is equal to or higher than the minimum required processing capability, the processing that minimizes the processing cost Selecting a capability providing device as a device that executes processing for the processing request, and sending a message requesting execution of the processing to the selected processing capability providing device;
A processing allocation management device characterized by the above. The processing allocation management device according to claim 1,
The value calculated by multiplying the fee and the processing capability provided by the processing capability providing apparatus is multiplied by the provision penalty to the probability that the processing capability obtained from the occurrence probability is equal to or less than the minimum required processing capability. When the processing cost is calculated by adding the calculated value, the processing capability provided by the processing capability providing apparatus is:
The maximum processing capacity that is the maximum processing capacity that can be provided by the processing capacity providing device, and is equal to or more than the minimum required processing capacity,
A processing allocation management device characterized by the above. The processing allocation management device according to claim 1,
The processing request includes a processing type that is information indicating whether the processing for the processing request is online processing or batch processing,
Storing surplus capacity that is surplus processing capacity of each processing capacity providing device;
When selecting the processing capability providing device having the minimum processing cost as the device for executing the processing for the processing request among the processing capability providing devices whose guaranteed processing capability is equal to or greater than the minimum required processing capability In addition,
When a plurality of the processing capacity providing devices are selected as the device,
If the processing type indicates online processing, the processing capability providing device with the maximum surplus capability is selected as the device,
If the processing type information indicates batch processing, selecting the processing capability providing device with the minimum surplus capability as the device;
A processing allocation management device characterized by the above. The processing allocation management device according to claim 1,
Receiving information corresponding to the provision capability for the processing from the processing capability providing apparatus, and registering the received information in the provision result table;
A processing allocation management device characterized by the above. The processing allocation management device according to claim 1,
Receiving a processing result for the processing request from the processing capability providing device, and transmitting the received processing result to the processing request transmitting device;
A processing allocation management device characterized by the above. The processing allocation management device according to claim 1,
The requested processing amount in the necessary processing capacity table is expressed by the number of processing per unit time (cases / minute) or the number of processing bytes per unit time (byte / second), and the processing capacity is provided in the necessary processing capacity table. The processing capability of the device is expressed as a MIPS value or a FLOPS value;
A processing allocation management device characterized by the above. CPU and memory
The process request transmitting apparatus for transmitting a process request, and a plurality of process capability providing apparatuses for providing a process capability for executing the process for the process request are communicably connected, and the process for the process request is executed. A method for controlling a processing allocation management device for selecting a processing capability providing device, comprising:
The processing allocation management device is
A request penalty included in the process request received from the process request transmitting apparatus, which is a penalty requested by an intermediary operating the process allocation management apparatus by a requester who transmits the process request, , And a request processing table in which a penalty requirement condition that is a requirement condition of the request penalty is registered;
As the processing amount per unit time of the hardware provided in the processing capacity providing device necessary for executing the processing corresponding to the requested processing amount expressed as the number of processing requests received per unit time A required processing capacity table in which the processing capability of the processing capability providing device expressed is registered, and
For each of the processing capacity providing devices, a fee for the processing capacity to be provided, a provision penalty that is a penalty paid by the provider of the processing capacity providing device to the intermediary, and a provision that is a payment condition for the provision penalty Provided device contract information table in which penalty payment terms are registered,
A reservation capability that is a processing capability to be reserved for each processing capability providing device, a providing capability that is actually provided by the processing capability providing device, and an occurrence probability that is a probability that the providing capability is provided in the reservation capability Provided result table in which correspondence is registered,
The step of memorizing
Obtaining a required processing capacity which is a processing capacity of the processing capacity providing device corresponding to the required processing capacity based on the required processing capacity table;
Calculating a minimum required processing amount that is the required processing amount of a boundary for requesting the required penalty from the penalty requirement condition and the required penalty; and
From the graph showing the relationship between the required processing capacity and the processing capacity generated by statistically processing the required processing capacity table , the value of the processing capacity corresponding to the minimum required processing capacity is the minimum required processing capacity. And asking for steps
Calculating a guarantee processing capacity, which is a processing capacity at a boundary of paying the provision penalty, based on the provision penalty payment condition and the reservation capacity;
A value calculated by multiplying the charge by the processing capability provided by the processing capability providing device, and a relationship between the providing capability and the occurrence probability generated by statistically processing the provision result table determined from the graph, by the processing capability adds a value calculated by multiplying the provided penalty to the probability that the less the minimum required processing power, calculating a processing cost,
Among the processing capability providing devices whose guaranteed processing capability is equal to or greater than the minimum required processing capability, the processing capability providing device with the minimum processing cost is selected and selected as a device that executes processing for the processing request. Transmitting a message requesting execution of the process to the processing capability providing apparatus;
A method for controlling a processing allocation management apparatus, comprising: It is a control method of the processing allocation management device according to claim 9,
The request processing table includes a budget presented to the mediator by the requester for the processing request,
The step of selecting a device that executes processing for the processing request includes:
Of the processing capability providing devices that satisfy the condition that the processing cost is equal to or less than the budget and the guaranteed processing capability is equal to or greater than the minimum required processing capability, the processing capability providing device that minimizes the processing cost. Is a step of selecting as a device that executes processing for the processing request,
A method of controlling a processing allocation management device characterized by the above. It is a control method of the processing allocation management device according to claim 9 or 10,
The step of selecting a device that executes processing for the processing request includes:
Of the processing capability providing apparatus that satisfies the condition that the required penalty is equal to or less than the provided penalty and the guaranteed processing capability is equal to or higher than the minimum required processing capability, the processing that minimizes the processing cost Being a step of selecting a capability providing device as a device that executes processing for the processing request;
A method of controlling a processing allocation management device characterized by the above. It is a control method of the processing allocation management device according to claim 9,
The value calculated by multiplying the fee and the processing capability provided by the processing capability providing apparatus is multiplied by the provision penalty to the probability that the processing capability obtained from the occurrence probability is equal to or less than the minimum required processing capability. The processing capability provided by the processing capability providing device when calculating the processing cost by adding the calculated value is:
The maximum processing capacity that is the maximum processing capacity that can be provided by the processing capacity providing device, and is equal to or more than the minimum required processing capacity,
A method of controlling a processing allocation management device characterized by the above. It is a control method of the processing allocation management device according to claim 9,
The processing request includes a processing type that is information indicating whether the processing for the processing request is online processing or batch processing,
The processing allocation management device includes:
Storing surplus capacity that is surplus processing capacity of each processing capacity providing device;
The step of selecting the processing capability providing device having the minimum processing cost as the device for executing processing for the processing request among the processing capability providing devices having the guaranteed processing capability equal to or higher than the minimum required processing capability. Is
When a plurality of the processing capacity providing devices are selected as the device,
If the processing type indicates online processing, the processing capability providing device with the maximum surplus capability is selected as the device,
If the processing type information indicates batch processing, the step of selecting the processing capability providing device with the minimum surplus capability as the device;
A method for controlling a processing allocation management apparatus, comprising: CPU and memory
Communicatively connecting to a processing request transmitting device that transmits a processing request, and a plurality of processing capability providing devices that provide processing capability to execute processing for the processing request;
A request penalty included in the process request received from the process request transmitting apparatus, which is a penalty requested by an intermediary operating the process allocation management apparatus by a requester who transmits the process request, , And a request processing table in which a penalty requirement condition that is a requirement condition of the request penalty is registered;
As the processing amount per unit time of the hardware provided in the processing capacity providing device necessary for executing the processing corresponding to the requested processing amount expressed as the number of processing requests received per unit time A required processing capacity table in which the processing capability of the processing capability providing device expressed is registered, and
For each of the processing capacity providing devices, a fee for the processing capacity to be provided, a provision penalty that is a penalty paid by the provider of the processing capacity providing device to the intermediary, and a provision that is a payment condition for the provision penalty Provided device contract information table in which penalty payment terms are registered,
A reservation capability that is a processing capability to be reserved for each processing capability providing device, a providing capability that is actually provided by the processing capability providing device, and an occurrence probability that is a probability that the providing capability is provided in the reservation capability Provided result table in which correspondence is registered,
In the processing capacity allocation device that stores
Based on the required processing capacity table, a function for obtaining a required processing capacity which is a processing capacity of the processing capacity providing device corresponding to the required processing capacity;
A function for calculating a minimum required processing amount that is the required processing amount at a boundary for requesting the required penalty from the required penalty fee and the required penalty;
From the graph showing the relationship between the required processing capacity and the processing capacity generated by statistically processing the required processing capacity table , the value of the processing capacity corresponding to the minimum required processing capacity is the minimum required processing capacity. and it asked Ru function as,
A function for calculating a guarantee processing capacity which is a processing capacity at a boundary of paying the provision penalty, based on the provision penalty payment condition and the reservation capacity;
A value calculated by multiplying the charge by the processing capability provided by the processing capability providing device, and a relationship between the providing capability and the occurrence probability generated by statistically processing the provision result table determined from the graph, by the processing capability adds a value calculated by multiplying the provided penalty to the probability that the less the minimum required processing power, a function of calculating the processing cost,
Among the processing capability providing devices whose guaranteed processing capability is equal to or greater than the minimum required processing capability, the processing capability providing device with the minimum processing cost is selected and selected as a device that executes processing for the processing request. A function of sending a message requesting execution of the processing to the processing capability providing device;
Program to realize. The program according to claim 14, wherein
The request processing table includes a budget presented to the mediator by the requester for the processing request,
Of the processing capability providing devices that satisfy the condition that the processing cost is equal to or less than the budget and the guaranteed processing capability is equal to or greater than the minimum required processing capability, the processing capability providing device that minimizes the processing cost. A function for selecting a device for executing the process for the processing request, and transmitting a message requesting execution of the process to the selected processing capability providing device,
Program to realize. The program according to claim 14 or 15,
The processing that minimizes the processing cost among the processing capability providing devices that satisfy the requirement that the required penalty is equal to or less than the provided penalty and the guaranteed processing capability is equal to or higher than the minimum required processing capability. A function of selecting a capability providing device as a device that executes processing for the processing request, and transmitting a message requesting execution of the processing to the selected processing capability providing device;
Program to realize.

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