JP4368481B2 - Sealing material for taps for waste melting furnace - Google Patents
Sealing material for taps for waste melting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- JP4368481B2 JP4368481B2 JP2000045437A JP2000045437A JP4368481B2 JP 4368481 B2 JP4368481 B2 JP 4368481B2 JP 2000045437 A JP2000045437 A JP 2000045437A JP 2000045437 A JP2000045437 A JP 2000045437A JP 4368481 B2 JP4368481 B2 JP 4368481B2
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- waste
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、都市ごみ、産業廃棄物などの廃棄物を溶融する溶融炉の出滓口用閉塞材に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、都市ごみや産業廃棄物などの廃棄物を溶融する溶融炉の出滓口用閉塞材いわゆるマッド材は、数種類の骨材、数種類の粘土、数種類のバインダー等の混合物を主原料とした高炉、転炉、電気炉等の金属溶解炉用マッド材をそのまま使用、または配合を若干変える等の改良を加え使用している。この金属溶解用のマッド材の骨材、粘土、バインダー等の配合においては、耐食性、作業性、および高圧操業等の過酷な条件下での使用の検討が行われており、例えば特開平8−48575号公報や特開平11−349385号公報に開示されている。また、廃棄物を溶融する溶融炉においても、金属溶解用のマッド材ほど過酷な条件ではないものの、同等の配合または、耐食性、作業性を考慮した配合が行われている。
【0003】
一方、化学的安全性を検討すると、マッド材によっては重金属が溶出する場合があった。これらのマッド材の配合材料毎の溶出値を調査した結果、表1に示す通り、粘土に起因していることがわかった。なお、溶出試験方法は平成3年環境庁告示46号に従い、重金属としては鉛について測定した。
また、金属溶解用のマッド材は、製品に混入することがなく製品の品質に影響を与えず何ら問題を生じないが、廃棄物を溶融する溶融炉用のマッド材においては、開口時の掘削滓が溶融物に混入し、溶融物を冷却固化した廃棄物スラグの重金属溶出原因となり、廃棄物スラグの有効利用の障害になるという欠点がある。
【0004】
【表1】
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記廃棄物スラグを有効利用するためには重金属が溶出してはならず、廃棄物スラグに混入すると考えられる廃棄物溶融炉用マッド材の一部を構成する粘土からの溶出を防止する必要がある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上述したような問題を解消するために、発明者らは鋭意開発を進めた結果、廃棄物を溶融処理し下部から溶融物を間欠的に排出する溶融炉の出滓口の閉塞に使用するマッド材は、マッド材の一部を構成する粘土から重金属が溶出する場合がある。そこで、粘土の代わりに人工セラミックスまたは有機バインダーを配合するか、または粘土と、一部または全部を凝集剤と置き換えるか、またはマッド材に凝集剤または重金属固定化剤を添加することにより重金属の溶出を防止できることを見出した。
【0007】
その発明の要旨とするところは、
(1)廃棄物を溶融処理し下部から溶融物を間欠的に排出する溶融炉の出滓口の閉塞に使用する出滓口用閉塞材において、該出滓口用閉塞材の一部を構成する粘土の代わりに重金属の溶出を防止する人工セラミックスを配合することを特徴とする廃棄物溶融処理炉用の出滓口用閉塞材。
(2)廃棄物を溶融処理し下部から溶融物を間欠的に排出する溶融炉の出滓口の閉塞に使用する出滓口用閉塞材において、該出滓口用閉塞材の一部を構成する粘土の代わりに重金属の溶出を防止する有機バインダーを配合することを特徴とする廃棄物溶融処理炉用の出滓口用閉塞材。
【0008】
(3)廃棄物を溶融処理し下部から溶融物を間欠的に排出する溶融炉の出滓口の閉塞に使用する出滓口用閉塞材において、該出滓口用閉塞材に重金属の溶出を防止する凝集剤を添加することを特徴とする廃棄物溶融処理炉用の出滓口用閉塞材。
(4)廃棄物を溶融処理し下部から溶融物を間欠的に排出する溶融炉の出滓口の閉塞に使用する出滓口用閉塞材において、該出滓口用閉塞材に重金属固定化剤を添加することを特徴とする廃棄物溶融処理炉用の出滓口用閉塞材にある。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
都市ごみや産業廃棄物などの廃棄物溶融炉のマッド材は、数種類の骨材、数種類の粘土により構成されている。
上記課題を解決するための本発明の特徴手段は、粘土の代わりに重金属を含有しない人工的に製造したセラミックスを廃棄物溶融炉用のマッド材に配合し、該マッドからの重金属の溶出を防止することにある。人工的に製造したセラミックスとしては、例えば、気相反応により合成し粉末調整したセラミックス、液体から合成し粉末調整したセラミックス、固相の熱分解により合成し粉末調整したセラミックス等が使用できる。
【0010】
粘土の代わりに重金属を含有しない有機バインダーを廃棄物溶融炉用のマッド材に配合し、該マッドからの重金属の溶出を防止することもできる。有機バインダーとしては、例えばポリビニルアルコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリビニルメチルエーテル、リグニンスルホン酸ソーダ、デキストリン、フェノール樹脂、アラビアゴム、澱粉等が使用できる。
【0011】
廃棄物溶融炉用のマッド材に配合する粘土の一部または全部を凝集剤と置き換えるか、または粘土と置き換えることなく凝集剤を添加して、該マッドからの重金属の溶出を防止することもできる。本発明は、該マッド材が溶融物と共に水槽に投入される等の様に水に浸されても、凝集剤が有害な重金属を凝集し安定な粒子として無害となり、該マッド材からは重金属が溶出しない。凝集剤としては、例えば、硫酸第一鉄、硫酸第二鉄、ポリ塩化アルミニウム、炭酸マグネシウム、塩化第一鉄、塩化第二鉄、硫酸アルミニウム、市販の凝集剤等が使用でき添加量は、凝集剤を含めたマッド材の重量を分母として0.005〜5%の範囲が適している。
【0012】
廃棄物溶融炉用のマッド材に用いる凝集剤は、pH4〜pH11での使用が適しており、適正な範囲に調整するため消石灰、苛性ソーダ、水酸化マグネシウム等のアルカリ源を該マッド材に添加することも可能である。
また、該マッド材が溶融物と共に水槽に投入される等の様に水に浸されても、重金属固定化剤が有害な重金属を固定化して無害となり、該マッド材からは重金属が溶出しない。重金属固定化剤としては、例えばキレート剤等が使用でき添加量はマッド材の重量を分母として0.05〜1%の範囲が適している。
【0013】
【実施例】
(実施例1)
廃棄物溶融炉用マッド材の粘土の代わりに重金属を含有しない人工セラミックスを配合し、その溶出試験結果を表2に示す。
比較例(No.5)に配合した粘土は表1の粘土1を用いた。表2の発明例(No.1〜4)に示す通り粘土の代わりに人工セラミックスを配合することで重金属の溶出防止効果を確認した。なお、表2では人工セラミックスとして、気相反応により合成し粉末調整したアルミナ粉を使用した。
【0014】
【表2】
【0015】
(実施例2)
廃棄物溶融炉用マッド材の粘土の代わりに重金属を含有しない有機バインダーを配合し、その溶出試験結果を表3に示す。
比較例(No.10)に配合した粘土は表1の粘土1を用いた。表3の発明例(No.6〜9)に示す通り粘土の代わりに有機バインダーを配合することで重金属の溶出防止効果を確認した。なお、表3では有機バインダーとしてデキストリンを使用した。
【0016】
【表3】
【0017】
(実施例3)
廃棄物溶融炉用マッド材の粘土の一部または全部を凝集剤と置き換えるか、または粘土凝集剤を添加し、その溶出試験結果を表4に示す。
比較例(No.14)に配合した粘土は表1の粘土1を用いた。表4の発明例(No.11〜13)に示す通り、重金属の溶出防止効果を確認した。本実施例では凝集剤として硫酸第二鉄を使用した。
本実施例では、凝集剤を5%配合したマッド材を水に浸漬した時のpHが3.5となったため、アルカリ源として水酸化マグネシウムをpH7になるように添加した。
【0018】
【表4】
【0019】
(実施例4)
廃棄物溶融炉用マッド材に重金属固定化剤を添加し、その溶出試験結果を表4に示す。
比較例(No.17)に配合した粘土は表1の粘土1を用いた。表5の発明例(No.15〜16)に示す通り、重金属の溶出防止効果を確認した。本実施例では重金属固定化剤としてキレート剤を使用した。
【0020】
【表5】
【0021】
(実施例5)
図1は本発明の廃棄物溶融炉用マッド材を使用するためのブロック図である。
図1において、溶融炉1の炉上部から、廃棄物、副原料としてコークスおよび石灰石が溶融炉1に装入される。廃棄物としては都市ごみを処理した。都市ごみの性状を表6に示す。
廃棄物溶融炉1の下部に設けられた羽口2から空気および酸素が供給される。廃棄物の処理量は560kg/h、コークスおよび石灰石は廃棄物の約6%、空気は520Nm3 /h、酸素は30Nm3 /hである。廃棄物溶融炉に装入された廃棄物およびコークス等は、炉内で充填層を形成し、羽口2から吹き込まれた空気および酸素により、コークスおよび廃棄物の一部が燃焼する。燃焼ガスは、廃棄物溶融炉内を炉底部から上昇し、燃焼ガスの顕熱により廃棄物を予熱、乾燥、熱分解する。廃棄物の乾燥、熱分解の過程で発生した水蒸気、熱分解ガスおよび微細なダストはガス排出管4から排出される。
【0022】
【表6】
【0023】
一方、廃棄物の灰分、非燃焼物、コークス、石灰は、高温に加熱され炉底部へと下がっていき、羽口2から吹き込まれた空気および酸素でコークスが燃焼し、灰分および非燃焼物は1300℃から1650℃に加熱され溶融状態となって、出滓口開口閉塞機で出滓口にマッド材を注入し閉塞した炉底に溜まる。約1時間おきに出滓口開口閉塞機で出滓口を開口しスラグ排出口3から炉外へ排出される。スラグ排出口3から排出された溶融状態のスラグは、水砕槽6に投入され、砂状の細かい粒子となる。
【0024】
本実施例では、実施例1〜実施例4で示した配合のマッド材で出滓口を閉塞し、スラグを炉底に溜めた後、開口して水冷槽6に投入され、砂状の細かい粒子となったスラグを採取し溶出試験を行い効果のあることを確認した。なお、マッド材の耐食性、作業性、閉塞性に問題はなかった。
なお、実施例1〜実施例5の溶出試験方法は、平成3年環境庁告示第46号にしたがって行った。
【0025】
【表7】
【0026】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明により、廃棄物溶融炉の出滓口にマッド材を使用しても溶融物への重金属の汚染はなく、溶融物のコンクリート二次製品の骨材、土木資材等への資源化に有効である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の廃棄物溶融炉用マッド材を使用するためのブロック図である。
【符号の説明】
1 廃棄物溶融炉
2 羽口
3 スラグ排出口
4 ガス排出口
5 出滓口開口閉塞機
6 水冷槽[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an outlet closing material for a melting furnace for melting waste such as municipal waste and industrial waste.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a so-called mud material for melting furnace outlets that melts waste such as municipal waste and industrial waste is a blast furnace mainly composed of a mixture of several kinds of aggregates, several kinds of clay, several kinds of binders, etc. In addition, mud materials for metal melting furnaces such as converters and electric furnaces are used as they are, or improvements such as slightly changing the composition are used. In the composition of this metal melting mud aggregate, clay, binder, etc., use under severe conditions such as corrosion resistance, workability, and high pressure operation has been studied. This is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 48575 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-349385. Also, in the melting furnace for melting waste, although not as severe as the metal melting mud material, the same mixing or mixing considering corrosion resistance and workability is performed.
[0003]
On the other hand, when chemical safety was examined, heavy metals might be eluted depending on the mud material. As a result of investigating the elution value for each compounding material of these mud materials, as shown in Table 1, it was found that it was caused by clay. The dissolution test method was in accordance with Notification No. 46 of the Environment Agency in 1991. Lead was measured as a heavy metal.
In addition, the mud material for melting metal does not enter the product and does not affect the quality of the product and does not cause any problem. However, in the mud material for melting furnace that melts waste, excavation at the time of opening is performed. There is a drawback in that soot is mixed into the melt, causing heavy metal elution of the waste slag that has cooled and solidified the melt, which hinders effective use of the waste slag.
[0004]
[Table 1]
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to effectively use the waste slag, heavy metals must not be eluted, and it is necessary to prevent elution from the clay that forms part of the waste melting furnace mud material that is considered to be mixed in the waste slag. is there.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors have made extensive developments, and as a result, the mud used for closing the outlet of a melting furnace that melts waste and discharges the melt intermittently from below. As for the material, heavy metal may be eluted from clay constituting a part of the mud material. Therefore, elution of heavy metals by blending artificial ceramics or organic binder instead of clay, or replacing some or all of clay with flocculant, or adding flocculant or heavy metal fixing agent to mud material It was found that can be prevented.
[0007]
The gist of the invention is that
(1) In a sealing material for a sprue port used for closing a sprue port of a melting furnace that melts waste and intermittently discharges the melt from the lower part, a part of the clogging material for the spout port is configured A sealing material for an outlet for a waste melting treatment furnace, characterized in that artificial ceramics for preventing elution of heavy metals are blended instead of clay.
(2) In a closing material for a sprue port used for closing a sprue port of a melting furnace that melts waste and discharges the melt intermittently from below, a part of the clogging material for the spout port is configured In addition, an organic filler that prevents elution of heavy metals is blended in place of clay to be used.
[0008]
( 3 ) In a sealing material for a sprue port used for clogging a sprue port of a melting furnace that melts waste and discharges the melt intermittently from the bottom , elution of heavy metals in the clogging material for the spout port An outlet closure material for a waste melting furnace, characterized by adding a flocculant to prevent it .
( 4 ) In a sealing material for a tap outlet used for closing a tap outlet of a melting furnace that melts waste and intermittently discharges the melt from the lower part, a heavy metal fixing agent is added to the outlet port closing material. It is in the closure material for the sprue port for the waste melting treatment furnace characterized by adding.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
Mud materials for waste melting furnaces such as municipal waste and industrial waste are composed of several types of aggregate and several types of clay.
The characteristic means of the present invention for solving the above problems is that artificially produced ceramics containing no heavy metal are blended in a mud material for a waste melting furnace in place of clay to prevent elution of heavy metals from the mud. There is to do. As the ceramics produced artificially, for example, ceramics synthesized by a gas phase reaction and powder-adjusted, ceramics synthesized from a liquid and powder-adjusted, ceramics synthesized by thermal decomposition of a solid phase and powder-adjusted can be used.
[0010]
Instead of clay, an organic binder containing no heavy metal can be blended in the mud material for a waste melting furnace to prevent elution of heavy metal from the mud. Examples of the organic binder that can be used include polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl methyl ether, sodium lignin sulfonate, dextrin, phenol resin, gum arabic, and starch.
[0011]
Part or all of the clay blended in the mud material for the waste melting furnace can be replaced with a flocculant, or a flocculant can be added without replacing the clay to prevent elution of heavy metals from the mud. . In the present invention, even when the mud material is immersed in water such as when it is put into a water tank together with the melt, the flocculant aggregates harmful heavy metals and becomes harmless as stable particles. Does not elute. As the flocculant, for example, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, magnesium carbonate, ferrous chloride, ferric chloride, aluminum sulfate, commercially available flocculants can be used, and the amount added is agglomerated. A range of 0.005 to 5% is suitable using the weight of the mud material including the agent as the denominator.
[0012]
The flocculant used for the mud material for the waste melting furnace is suitable for use at pH 4 to pH 11, and an alkali source such as slaked lime, caustic soda, magnesium hydroxide or the like is added to the mud material in order to adjust to an appropriate range. It is also possible.
Further, even when the mud material is immersed in water such as when it is poured into the water tank together with the melt, the heavy metal immobilizing agent immobilizes the harmful heavy metal and becomes harmless, and the heavy metal does not elute from the mud material. As the heavy metal fixing agent, for example, a chelating agent can be used, and the addition amount is suitably in the range of 0.05 to 1% with the weight of the mud material as the denominator.
[0013]
【Example】
(Example 1)
Artificial ceramics that do not contain heavy metals are blended in place of the clay of the waste melting furnace mud material, and the dissolution test results are shown in Table 2.
As the clay blended in the comparative example (No. 5), the clay 1 shown in Table 1 was used. As shown in Invention Examples (Nos. 1 to 4) in Table 2, the effect of preventing heavy metal elution was confirmed by blending artificial ceramics instead of clay. In Table 2, alumina powder synthesized and prepared by gas phase reaction was used as the artificial ceramic.
[0014]
[Table 2]
[0015]
(Example 2)
An organic binder containing no heavy metal is blended in place of the clay of the waste melting furnace mud material, and the dissolution test results are shown in Table 3.
As the clay blended in the comparative example (No. 10), the clay 1 shown in Table 1 was used. As shown in Invention Examples (Nos. 6 to 9) in Table 3, the effect of preventing the elution of heavy metals was confirmed by blending an organic binder instead of clay. In Table 3, dextrin was used as the organic binder.
[0016]
[Table 3]
[0017]
(Example 3)
Part or all of the clay in the waste melting furnace mud material is replaced with a flocculant, or a clay flocculant is added, and the dissolution test results are shown in Table 4.
As the clay blended in the comparative example (No. 14), the clay 1 shown in Table 1 was used. As shown in Invention Examples (Nos. 11 to 13) in Table 4, the effect of preventing elution of heavy metals was confirmed. In this example, ferric sulfate was used as a flocculant.
In this example, since the pH when the mud material containing 5% of the flocculant was immersed in water became 3.5, magnesium hydroxide was added as an alkali source so that the pH became 7.
[0018]
[Table 4]
[0019]
(Example 4)
A heavy metal fixing agent is added to the waste melting furnace mud material, and the dissolution test results are shown in Table 4.
As the clay blended in the comparative example (No. 17), the clay 1 shown in Table 1 was used. As shown in Invention Examples (Nos. 15 to 16) in Table 5, the effect of preventing elution of heavy metals was confirmed. In this example, a chelating agent was used as the heavy metal fixing agent.
[0020]
[Table 5]
[0021]
(Example 5)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram for using the waste melting furnace mud material of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, coke and limestone as waste materials and auxiliary materials are charged into the melting furnace 1 from the upper part of the melting furnace 1. Municipal waste was treated as waste. Table 6 shows the characteristics of municipal waste.
Air and oxygen are supplied from a tuyere 2 provided in the lower part of the waste melting furnace 1. About 6% of the throughput of waste 560 kg / h, coke and limestone waste, air is 520 nm 3 / h, oxygen 30 Nm 3 / h. Waste, coke and the like charged in the waste melting furnace form a packed bed in the furnace, and part of the coke and waste is combusted by the air and oxygen blown from the tuyere 2. The combustion gas rises from the bottom of the waste melting furnace and preheats, dries, and thermally decomposes the waste by sensible heat of the combustion gas. Water vapor, pyrolysis gas and fine dust generated in the process of drying and pyrolysis of waste are discharged from the gas discharge pipe 4.
[0022]
[Table 6]
[0023]
On the other hand, waste ash, non-combustibles, coke, and lime are heated to a high temperature and lowered to the bottom of the furnace. The coke is burned by the air and oxygen blown from the tuyere 2, and the ash and non-combustibles are It is heated from 1300 ° C. to 1650 ° C. to become a molten state, and a mud material is injected into the tap outlet by the tap opening opening closing machine and collected in the closed furnace bottom. About 1 hour, the tap opening is opened with a tap opening closing machine and discharged from the slag discharge port 3 to the outside of the furnace. The molten slag discharged from the slag discharge port 3 is put into the
[0024]
In this example, the tapping port was closed with the mud material having the composition shown in Examples 1 to 4, and the slag was collected at the bottom of the furnace. Particle slag was collected and an elution test was conducted to confirm that it was effective. There was no problem with the corrosion resistance, workability, and blockage of the mud material.
In addition, the elution test method of Example 1- Example 5 was performed according to 1991 Environment Agency notification 46th.
[0025]
[Table 7]
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, even if mud material is used at the outlet of the waste melting furnace, there is no heavy metal contamination in the melt, and aggregates, civil engineering materials, etc. of the secondary concrete product of the melt It is effective for resource recycling.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram for using a mud material for a waste melting furnace according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Waste melting furnace 2 Tuyere 3 Slag discharge port 4 Gas discharge port 5
Claims (4)
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JP2000045437A JP4368481B2 (en) | 2000-02-23 | 2000-02-23 | Sealing material for taps for waste melting furnace |
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JP4368481B2 true JP4368481B2 (en) | 2009-11-18 |
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