JP4364844B2 - Organic solid processing method, spacer and container - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an organic solid material processing method, a spacer, and a container.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for steaming organic solids such as food waste, agricultural / livestock waste, or fishery waste. In this conventional technique, steam generated in a boiler or the like is supplied to a processing container to steam-treat organic solid matter in the processing container, and various treatments are applied to the decomposition product generated by the steam processing. By applying, liquid fertilizer is produced from the liquid component in the decomposed product, or fertilizer and solid fuel are produced from the solid content in the decomposed product. In such a conventional technique, since the sterilization treatment and the sterilization treatment are performed simultaneously with the vapor treatment of the organic solid matter in the treatment container, it is not necessary to separately perform the sterilization treatment on each of the above fertilizers and solid fuels. The processing process of the system solid is simplified.

By the way, in order to facilitate recycling of the organic solid material after the steam treatment, it is preferable to first separate the solid content and the liquid content contained in the organic solid material after the steam treatment. When a separate step is provided to separate the solid and liquid components, the processing cost increases. Therefore, in Patent Document 2, an organic solid material is filled in a container having air permeability, that is, a vapor-permeable member, and the organic solid material is steam-treated in a state of being filled in the container. Technology is disclosed. According to this technology, liquid components generated by steaming organic solids are extracted to the outside of the container, and only the solids of organic solids remain in the container after steaming. Therefore, the solid content and the liquid content can be separated without providing a separate step after the steam treatment.
JP 2002-113444 A JP 2004-261682 A

However, in order to steam-treat an organic solid in a state where the container is filled with the organic solid, the steam is sprayed onto the organic solid from the outside of the container. For this reason, when organic solids are densely packed or when the moisture content is high, it is difficult for steam to reach the inside of the container, and all organic solids filled in the container are short. There arises a problem that the steam treatment cannot be performed well over time.
In addition, although it is possible to spray a vapor | steam to the whole organic solid substance by stirring the organic solid substance with which the container was filled, in this case, it will be necessary to install a stirring apparatus separately. When steaming organic solids, the container is exposed to a high-temperature and high-pressure state. Therefore, it is very expensive to install a stirring device that can be used in such an environment.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and even when the organic solid material is steam-treated in a state where the organic solid material is filled in the container, all the organic solid materials are well-treated in a short time. For the purpose.

  In order to achieve the above object, the organic solid material processing method of the present invention is a method of steaming organic solid material in a processing container, and a spacer composed of a member having air permeability is disposed inside. To prepare a container formed of a member having a ventilation property in which a gas-permeable space is formed, and filling the inside of the container with the organic solid matter. A configuration is adopted in which the organic solid material is steamed by supplying steam into the processing container in a state of being housed therein.

  According to the organic solid material processing method of the present invention adopting such a configuration, a ventilation space is formed by a spacer inside the container, and the processing container is filled with the organic solid material inside the container. Inside, steam is sprayed on the container. Since the spacer has air permeability like the container, a part of the vapor supplied into the processing container enters the container through the ventilation space, and then passes through the spacer to be organic. Sprayed onto the system solids. Therefore, it becomes possible to distribute steam to the whole organic solid substance with which the container was filled.

  Next, in the present invention, as a first means related to the spacer, it is possible to form a ventilation space into which a gas can enter the inside of a container that is exposed to steam while being filled with an organic solid material to be steamed. A configuration in which a member having air permeability is used is employed.

  According to the spacer of the present invention adopting such a configuration, a ventilation space is formed inside the container by installing the spacer inside the container. And since spacer itself has air permeability, it becomes possible to distribute | circulate a vapor | steam to the whole organic solid substance through ventilation space.

  Further, in the present invention, as the second means related to the spacer, a configuration is adopted in which the first means has the ventilation space inside itself.

  In the present invention, as the third means related to the spacer, a configuration is adopted in which the second means includes a ventilation portion that allows gas to pass from the outside of the container to the ventilation space.

  Moreover, in this invention, the structure which equips the said 1st-3rd means with the fall prevention means which prevents the fall inside the said container as 4th means concerning a spacer is employ | adopted.

  Next, in the present invention, as a first means related to the container, the container is exposed to steam in a state where the organic solid material to be steam-treated is filled therein, and the ventilation into which the gas can enter the inside. A configuration is adopted in which a spacer is formed that is made of a member that forms a space and has air permeability.

  According to the container of the present invention having such a configuration, a ventilation space is formed inside the container by the spacer. And since spacer itself has air permeability, it becomes possible to distribute | circulate a vapor | steam to the whole organic solid substance through ventilation space.

  Moreover, in this invention, the structure that the said spacer is made detachable in the said 1st means as a 2nd means which concerns on a container is employ | adopted.

According to the organic solid processing method, the spacer, and the container of the present invention, the ventilation space is formed inside the container, and the vapor can be distributed to the entire organic solid through the ventilation space. Therefore, according to the organic solid processing method, the spacer and the container of the present invention, all the organic solids are satisfactorily improved in a short time even when the organic solid is steam-treated in a state filled in the container. Steam treatment is possible.
Specific examples of organic solids in the present invention include food waste, agricultural / forestry / livestock / fishery waste, food raw materials, agricultural / forestry / livestock / fishery raw materials, etc. Waste, agriculture / forestry / livestock / fishing waste decomposed by steam treatment, food raw material processed by steam treatment, feed / fertilizer produced by steam treatment from agriculture / forestry / livestock / fishery raw material, etc. Can be applied to. And even if it is a case where this invention is applied in any case, according to the organic-type solid-material processing method, spacer, and container of this invention, all organic-type solid matter is vapor-processed favorably in a short time. Is possible.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of an organic solid processing method, a spacer, and a container according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a container 1 of the present embodiment. The container 1 is filled with an organic solid material X to be steam-treated, and is a box-shaped member formed of a member having air permeability (for example, a punching metal or a wire mesh). In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper part of the container 1 is open | released.
The container 1 of the present embodiment is configured to include two detachable spacers 2 inside the container 1.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view schematically showing the spacer 2. The spacer 2 ensures (forms) a ventilation space through which gas can enter the container 1 even when the container 1 is filled with organic solid matter. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the spacer 2 is formed in a box shape so as to have a ventilation space A therein, and is formed by a member having air permeability like the container 1. Yes. The upper surface 22 of the spacer 2 is closed by a member having air permeability. The height of the spacer 2 is substantially the same as the height of the container 1, and a locking portion 21 (falling prevention means) that is locked to the side wall portion of the container 1 is formed on the upper portion of the spacer 2. ing. The locking portion 21 (not shown in FIG. 1) is locked to the side wall portion of the container 1 to prevent the spacer 2 from overturning.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the container 1 with the spacer 2 attached. As shown in this figure, when the spacer 2 is mounted, the inside of the container 1 is filled with a filling space B in which the organic solid X can be filled, and a ventilation space A in which the organic solid X cannot be filled. (Internal space of the spacer 2).
When the organic solid X is filled in the container 1 with such a spacer 2 mounted, the organic solid X is filled only in the filling space B. For this reason, when the vapor | steam Y (gas) is sprayed with respect to the container 1, as shown in FIG. 3, the vapor | steam Y will approach into the inner part of the container 1 through the ventilation space A, and will be spacer after that. 2 is sprayed onto the organic solid X.
Therefore, it becomes possible to distribute the vapor | steam Y to the whole organic solid substance X with which the container 1 was filled, and even if it is a case where it vaporizes in the state which filled the organic solid substance X in the container 1, all The organic solid X can be steamed well in a short time.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the spacer 2 whole is formed of the member which has air permeability. For this reason, the vapor | steam Y can directly enter into the ventilation space A from the exterior of the container 1 through the upper surface 22 of the spacer 2 and the surface which is not covered with the filler, and the vapor | steam Y is more efficiently organic solid X Can be sprayed on. That is, in this embodiment, the upper surface 22 of the spacer 2 functions as a ventilation portion of the present invention that allows gas to pass through the ventilation space A.

  In the present embodiment, the spacer 2 has been described as one of the constituent members of the container 1. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the spacer 2 can be regarded as a member independent of the container 1. In such a case, it is possible to form the ventilation space A inside the existing container by installing the spacer 2 on the existing container.

Further, in the present embodiment, the configuration in which the spacer 2 itself has the ventilation space A has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the spacer 2 itself does not necessarily have the ventilation space A. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 4, the ventilation space A may be formed using a plurality of spacers 3 having air permeability.
The shape of the spacer 2 is not necessarily a box shape, and may be a cylindrical shape, for example.

  In the present embodiment, the configuration in which the spacer 2 can be attached to and detached from the container 1 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the spacer 2 and the container 1 may be integrated. good.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of an organic solid material processing apparatus 100 for steam-processing the organic solid material X filled in the container 1.
As shown in this figure, the organic solid material processing apparatus 100 includes a pressure vessel 10 (processing vessel) for storing the container 1. In FIG. 5, the illustration of the spacer 2 installed inside the container 1 is omitted.

  The pressure vessel 10 is a well-known one designed to withstand high temperature and high pressure, and in the present embodiment, comprises a substantially cylindrical bottomed vessel body 10a and a lid 10b that closes the opening. In the present embodiment, the pressure vessel 10 is installed so that the container body 10a faces sideways, that is, the center axis of the container body 10a faces substantially in the horizontal direction and the lid 10b is positioned on the side. Yes. Moreover, you may make it provide the container main body 10a with heating means (not shown), such as an electric heater which heats the inside of this container main body 10a as needed. When such an electric heater (heating means) is provided, it is connected to a control device (not shown), and a thermometer 60 (to be described later) is further connected to the control device, so that the pressure vessel It is preferable that the inside of 10 can be set to a desired temperature.

The pressure vessel 10 is connected to a water vapor supply device 20 for supplying the vapor Y thereto. The water vapor supply device 20 is composed of a pipe 30 connected to the pressure vessel 10 and a known boiler 40 connected to the pipe 30, and an air supply valve 50 made of an electromagnetic valve or the like is provided in the pipe 30. I have it.
Further, the pressure vessel 10 is provided with a thermometer 60, a pressure gauge 70, a safety valve 80, and an exhaust valve 90, respectively, and further, a drain discharge portion 110 is provided at the bottom thereof. The drain discharge unit 110 includes a pipe 120 connected to the bottom of the pressure vessel 10 and a discharge valve 130 provided in the pipe 120. Here, the discharge valve 130 is configured to automatically open when a predetermined load, that is, a predetermined pressure or load is applied thereto, and to automatically close when the load falls below a predetermined value. However, the discharge valve 130 is not limited to such a configuration, and for example, an electromagnetic valve or the like may be used, and the opening / closing thereof may be controlled by a control unit (not shown).

  Further, the pressure vessel 10 is provided with support legs 140 and 140 on the vessel main body 10a, so that the pressure vessel 10 can stably stand by itself.

  Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the pressure vessel 10 is installed above the bottom of the drain discharge portion 110 to which the pipe 120 is connected with a sufficient space therebetween. Shelf 190, 190 is provided. These installation shelves 190 and 190 are for installing the container 1 in a state where it is straddled between the containers 1 as shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, the illustration of the spacer 2 installed inside the container 1 is omitted.

  Further, the space from the position where the installation shelves 190, 190 are provided to the bottom is the liquid reservoir 200 in the present invention. The liquid reservoir 200 prevents the container 1 from being submerged in the liquid even if the condensate or liquid that has flowed down to the bottom accumulates to some extent, and prevents the solid content in the container 1 from being immersed in the liquid. Is to do. That is, even if the extraction proceeds to some extent, the organic solid X in the container 1 is not immersed in the liquid accumulated at the bottom of the pressure vessel 10 and is kept in a separated state. Note that the liquid component accumulated at the bottom of the pressure vessel 10 is automatically or periodically discharged when a predetermined amount is accumulated. Moreover, after the process is completed, the stored liquid components may be extracted together. Therefore, the volume of the liquid reservoir 200, that is, the height of the installation shelves 190 and 190 is set as appropriate according to the frequency and timing of the discharge.

  Next, an operation (organic solid matter processing method) of the organic solid matter processing apparatus 100 having such a configuration will be described.

First, the organic solid X is filled into the container 1. Here, the form of the organic solid X is not particularly limited, but depending on the type and the like, pretreatment such as crushing is performed as necessary to increase the surface area, and contact with the vapor Y Efficiency may be increased.
Next, the container 1 filled with the organic solid X is placed in the pressure vessel 10 and installed on the installation shelves 190 and 190. Then, the lid 10b of the pressure vessel 10 is closed.

Next, the air supply valve 50 is opened, and water vapor that has been adjusted to a predetermined temperature and pressure in advance is supplied from the boiler 40 into the pressure vessel 10. At this time, since the pressure vessel 10 and the organic solid material X are not yet heated and are in a cold state at the initial stage of the water vapor supply, the water vapor contacting the surface is condensed and the bottom of the pressure vessel 10 It accumulates in (liquid reservoir 200). Therefore, the condensed water collected in the liquid reservoir 200 in this manner is discharged out of the container by opening the discharge valve 130. The condensed water in the initial stage is different from the liquid obtained by the treatment after the inside of the pressure vessel 10 is filled with a predetermined atmosphere, and becomes distilled water having a relatively high purity. It can be reused or discarded without any processing.
In order to reduce the condensation of water vapor in the initial stage, the container body 10a may be preheated by the above-described electric heater after the organic solid X is placed in the pressure vessel 10.

  When the inside of the pressure vessel 10 is adjusted to a predetermined atmosphere, the inside of the pressure vessel 10 is maintained in the predetermined atmosphere by appropriately controlling opening and closing of the air supply valve 50. In this state, the organic solid X is steamed for a predetermined time. Here, in this embodiment, since the ventilation space A is formed in the container 1 by the spacer 2 (see FIG. 3), it is possible to reliably vapor-treat all organic solid matter X in a short time. .

  When the organic solid X is vapor-treated in this manner, the liquid component in the organic solid X is well eluted in the vapor Y and as a result is extracted into water vapor. In addition, the liquid component extracted into the water vapor in this manner flows down through the opening of the container 1 and accumulates in the liquid reservoir 200 of the pressure vessel 10, and as a result, the solid content of the organic solid X The liquid component contained therein is automatically subjected to solid-liquid separation.

In this way, when extraction and solid-liquid separation are performed by steam treatment, and the liquid is collected in the liquid reservoir 200 of the pressure vessel 10, the accumulated liquid is discharged out of the container by opening the discharge valve 130. The opening and closing of the discharge valve 130 is automatically activated when a predetermined amount of liquid is accumulated as described above. Also, it can be opened and closed periodically according to time or manually operated.
Unlike the previous condensate, the liquid that is discharged when the discharge valve 130 is opened contains a large amount of components contained in the organic solid X. It is preferable to perform post-processing according to the purpose, and it is also preferable to perform post-processing according to the purpose even when reusing.

When the steam treatment is performed for a predetermined time in this manner and the entire amount of the liquid separated by solid and liquid is taken out from the discharge valve 130, the supply valve 50 is closed to end the supply of water vapor, and the exhaust valve 90 is opened to open the pressure vessel. The pressure inside 10 is reduced to normal pressure.
Thereafter, the lid 10b of the pressure vessel 10 is opened to take out the container 1, and the solid content of the organic solid X remaining after the liquid component is further extracted is taken out from the container 1, and if necessary, the organic solid X The post-processing according to the kind of solid content, that is, processing for disposal and processing for reuse is performed.

  According to the operation of the organic solid material processing apparatus 100 (organic solid material processing method), since the ventilation space A is formed in the container 1, all the organic solid materials X can be removed in a short time. It becomes possible to perform the steam treatment well.

  In this embodiment, the steam Y is supplied into the pressure vessel 10 by the boiler 40. However, when heating means such as an electric heater is provided in the pressure vessel 10, for example, water is simply supplied to the pressure vessel 10. Steam Y may be generated by supplying and heating this with a heating means. When a boiler such as a factory is installed as an existing facility or when a large amount of processing is performed, it is advantageous from the viewpoint of energy saving etc., but when performing a small amount of processing in a laboratory, It may be advantageous to produce water vapor in the pressure vessel 10.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of the organic type solid matter processing method, spacer, and container which concern on this invention was described referring an accompanying drawing, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. Various shapes, combinations, and the like of the constituent members shown in the above-described embodiments are examples, and various modifications can be made based on design requirements and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention.

It is the perspective view which showed typically the container which is one Embodiment of this invention. It is the perspective view which showed typically the spacer which is one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the container which is one Embodiment of this invention. It is a modification of the container which is one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of an organic type solid substance processing apparatus. It is a figure which shows the internal structure of a pressure vessel.

Explanation of symbols

1 …… Container 2, 3 …… Spacer 21 …… Locking part (Falling prevention means)
22 …… Top surface (ventilation part)
100 …… Organic solids processing equipment 10 …… Pressure vessel (processing vessel)
A ... Ventilation space B ... Filling space X ... Organic solid matter Y ... Vapor (gas)

Claims (6)

A method of steaming organic solids in a processing vessel,
It is composed of a member having air permeability, and a spacer having a ventilation space into which gas can enter is arranged inside, so that gas can enter inside, and is composed of a member having air permeability. Prepare a container
Filling the interior of the container with the organic solids;
The organic solid processing method, wherein the organic solid material is steam-treated by supplying steam into the processing container in a state where the container is housed in the processing container. By being arranged in a container that is made of a breathable member and has a ventilation space into which gas can enter , and is exposed to steam in a state filled with organic solid matter to be steamed spacer, characterized in that the gas within said container to form a venting space entry. The spacer according to claim 2, further comprising a ventilation portion that allows gas to pass from the outside of the container to the ventilation space . The spacer according to claim 2, further comprising a fall prevention means for preventing the fall inside the container . A container that is exposed to steam with organic solids to be steamed filled inside,
A container comprising a spacer which is made of a member having air permeability and has a ventilation space into which gas can enter. The container according to claim 5, wherein the spacer is detachable .

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