JP4360787B2 - Retort heating method - Google Patents

Retort heating method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4360787B2
JP4360787B2 JP2002238412A JP2002238412A JP4360787B2 JP 4360787 B2 JP4360787 B2 JP 4360787B2 JP 2002238412 A JP2002238412 A JP 2002238412A JP 2002238412 A JP2002238412 A JP 2002238412A JP 4360787 B2 JP4360787 B2 JP 4360787B2
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retort
time
packaging
ingredients
solid
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JP2004073091A (en
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貴夫 福士
健一 北條
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Kibun Foods Inc
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Kibun Foods Inc
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、一定の加熱条件下で、達温時間が異なる複数の食材を一体化した包装体中に含む、新規なレトルト食品に関する。本発明はまた、単一レトルト加熱条件下にて、達温時間が異なる複数の食材を、同時に同程度のF値に達するようにレトルト加熱処理することを特徴とする、新規なレトルト加熱処理方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年の食生活の変化に伴い、より保存性に富み、調理の手間が省けるレトルト食品が、非常に広範囲に使用されるようになっている。これまでに、カレー、シチュー、パスタのソース(たとえば、ミートソースやクリームソース)、中華料理およびそれらのソース(たとえば麻婆豆腐、鍋回肉、青椒肉絲、八宝菜のソースなど)、米飯、おかゆ、中華丼や牛丼などのどんぶりもの、ハンバーグ、ミートボール、ベビーフードなど、多岐にわたる食材についてレトルト食品が製造されている。
【0003】
レトルト食品とは、合成樹脂フィルムやこれとアルミ箔などをはり合わせたラミネート材料の、気密性のある容器(レトルトパウチ)に入れた後、加圧加熱殺菌(レトルト殺菌)を行った袋詰食品のことをいう。これまでに製造されているレトルト食品は、細菌的に安全性を図ることを目的とするため、そしてその製造過程において上述した加圧加熱殺菌処理するという条件を経るため、熱の通りを一定にし、また食味等の品質に影響を受けない食材を選定している。したがって、従来からのレトルト食品は、日常の食卓に供される料理のために十分に煮込む食材、または過度の加熱によっても味の劣化を起こさず、形状を崩さない食材を対象としている。
【0004】
食中毒菌に関してみると、大腸菌O-157は75℃、1分間の加熱で死滅し、多くの病原菌、食中毒菌も耐熱性は低い。しかし、ボツリヌス菌は耐熱性があり、いったん食中毒になると致死率が高く、治療も困難であることから、ボツリヌス菌による中毒を防止することが、レトルト加熱の条件を決定する上で基本的に必要となる。このボツリヌス菌は120℃、4分間で死滅することがわかっており、一般的なレトルト食品では中心温度120℃、4分の加熱(すなわち、F値=4.0)が加圧・加熱殺菌処理の最低条件になっている。
【0005】
たとえば、従来、“おでん”についても、レトルト食品が製造されている。しかしながら、おでんの場合、玉子、野菜、練りものなどの、性質の異なる具材をそれぞれの特性を生かしつつおでん汁の中に含むものであるため、個々の具材の食感、食味を維持しつつ、レトルトおでんとして製造することが難しかった。特に、一定の加熱条件下で所定の温度に到達するまでの時間が、それぞれの食材により異なる。そのため、玉子等の一番殺菌しにくい具材をF値=4とするような加圧・加熱殺菌条件を設定し、レトルト処理する際に高温および高圧のレトルト処理をすると、他の具材にはF値にして40から場合によっては100以上に達する過度の殺菌条件となってしまっていた。このような現象のため、玉子以外の具材の物性劣化(たとえば、弾力の低下、煮くずれ等)、レトルト臭の発生、褐変などのレトルト加熱による一般的な品質低下が生じていた。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、達温時間が異なる複数の食材に対して同一のF値を与えるようにレトルト加熱することができる、達温時間が異なる複数の食材を一体化した包装体中に含む、新規なレトルト食品を開発することを課題とする。本発明はまた、単一レトルト加熱条件下にて、達温時間が異なる複数の食材を、同時に同程度のF値に達するようにレトルト加熱処理することを特徴とする、新規なレトルト加熱処理方法を開発することを課題とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の発明者らは、食材に対してレトルト加熱を行う際に、達温時間がより早い食材の包装中に気体を含有させることにより、その加熱効果を低減させることができることを見いだし、これを加熱効果を妨げない含液包装と組み合わせることにより、本発明を完成した。
【0008】
すなわち、本発明は、その一態様において、所定の温度に達温する時間の相違に基づいて少なくとも2つに区分した食材を、達温時間のより早い食材の区分を含気包装し、達温時間のより遅い食材の区分を含液包装することにより、達温時間が異なる複数の食材に対して、単一レトルト加熱条件下にて、同程度のF値を与えるようにレトルト加熱することができる、達温時間が異なる複数の食材を一体化した包装体中に含むレトルト食品を提供する。
【0009】
本発明はまた、別の一態様において、所定の温度に達温する時間の相違に基づいて少なくとも2つに区分した食材を、達温時間のより早い食材の区分を含気包装し、達温時間のより遅い食材の区分を含液包装した後、単一レトルト加熱条件下にて、達温時間が異なる複数の食材を、同時に同程度のF値に達するようにレトルト加熱処理することを特徴とする、レトルト加熱処理方法を提供する。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において、“達温時間のより早い食材”という場合、たとえばその例として、平天、角天、巻き物、野菜天などのさつま揚げ、焼きちくわ、つみれ、はんぺんなどの魚肉練り製品や、昆布、コンニャクがあげられる。
【0011】
本発明において“達温時間のより遅い食材”という場合、たとえばその例としてゆで玉子、大根があげられる。
本発明のレトルト加熱処理に適しているレトルト食品は、達温時間が異なる複数の食材を、それぞれの食材の特性を生かしつつ含む加工食品のことをいい、たとえば、おでん、煮物などの和惣菜があげられる。本発明においては、おでんが好ましい。
【0012】
ついで、上述したように分類した“達温時間のより早い”区分に属する食材を含気包装し、一方で“達温時間のより遅い”区分に属する食材を、含液包装する。本発明の方法によりレトルト加熱する際には、本発明が、複数の食材を単一のレトルト加熱条件下で処理することを技術的課題としているため、含気包装と含液包装とは、分離した別個の構造物として存在していてもよい。しかしながら、本発明においてレトルト食品を提供する際には、レトルト加熱の処理工程、およびその後の流通の容易性等を考慮して、一体化した包装体中に、含気包装の区分と含液包装の区分とを存在させることが好ましい。本明細書中の以下において、このように含気包装と含液包装とを一体化した包装のことを「含気-含液一体包装」と呼ぶ。
【0013】
本発明において、“含気包装”という場合には、食材を包装する際に、食材および気体を含む包装のことをいう。気体の例としては、空気、窒素ガス、炭酸ガスもしくはこれらの混合気体などがあげられる。
【0014】
本発明において、“含液包装”という場合には、食材を包装する際に、食材および液体を含む包装のことをいい、包装体内部に気体が全く含まれていない場合のほか、気泡程度の気体が含まれている場合も含まれる。液体の例としては、水または調味液があげられる。
【0015】
含気包装においてどの程度の気体を包装中に封入するかは、含気包装と含液包装とを、単一のレトルト加熱条件下において処理することを考慮して、個別的に決定することができる。含気包装中に含まれる気体は、レトルト加熱処理を行った際に断熱効果をもたらし、食材を含液包装中に含ませて加熱処理する場合と比較して、食材の加熱を穏やかに行うことを可能にする。従って、達温時間が最も早い食材の達温時間が、達温時間が最も遅い食材の達温時間と大きく離れている場合には、含気包装中の食材の加熱をより穏やかに行うためにより多量の気体を含ませ、一方で両者の達温時間がそれほど大きくは離れていない場合には、より少量の気体を含ませる。
【0016】
含気包装を作製するためには、調理済み食材のみをレトルトパウチ中に投入する。調理済み食材が液体中に浸漬している場合には液体中から引き上げてから包装する。ついで、このパウチ中に必要量の気体を含ませた上で密封する。この際に、食材の表面および内部に付着または含まれていた程度の液体がパウチ中に含まれることは、本発明の含気包装の特性上許容される。
【0017】
本発明における“単一のレトルト加熱条件”は、含液包装中に含ませるもっとも達温時間が遅い食材に対して、F値が約4またはそれ以上となるような条件を選択する。たとえば含液包装中に含まれる食材中で最も達温時間が遅いものがゆで玉子であった場合、F値=4またはそれ以上とするために130℃にて13分間、またはそれ以上の加熱効果を付与することができるレトルト加熱条件を選択する。上述したように達温時間がより早い食材を含気包装することにより、このような達温時間がより遅い食材をF値=4程度まで加熱する単一のレトルト加熱条件下で、達温時間がより早い食材に関して加熱処理した場合、従来の含液包装中にてこれらの食材を加熱していたときに問題となっていたF値の過度の上昇を防止することができ、その結果として、玉子以外の具材の物性劣化(たとえば、弾力の低下、煮くずれ等)、レトルト臭の発生、褐変などのレトルト加熱による一般的な品質低下を防止することができる。
【0018】
【実施例】
実施例 1 :含気 - 含液一体包装されたレトルトおでんの製造
本実施例においては、含気-含液一体包装されたレトルトおでんを製造した。本実施例においては、レトルト用のパウチとして、150 mm×250 mmの三層(PET//NY//CP)気密性レトルトパウチを使用した。この気密性レトルトパウチを2つに区分し、その一方には達温時間のより早い食材として角天(さつま揚げ)、ごぼう巻き、こんにゃく、昆布、焼きちくわからなる5品の具材(味付け後、だし汁を切った状態で合計100 g)、および空気25 mlを封入して含気包装とし、もう一方には、達温時間のより遅い食材としてゆで玉子(40 g)および大根(40 g)各1個、およびおでん汁150 mlを封入して含液包装として、含気-含液一体包装を作製した。
【0019】
ついで、ゆで玉子に対してF値=4を与える130℃にて13分間のレトルト加熱条件で、上述したように作成した含気-含液一体包装をレトルト加熱することにより、レトルトおでんを製造した。
【0020】
実施例 2 :達温時間のより早い食材の物性分析
本実施例においては、達温時間がより早い食材の物性を、実施例1において製造した含気包装したレトルトおでんと、通常の方法により含液包装した対照の食材のレトルトおでんとの間で比較した。
【0021】
対照のレトルトおでんは、角天(さつま揚げ)、ごぼう巻き、こんにゃく、昆布、焼きちくわからなる5品の具材(味付け後、だし汁を切った状態で合計100 g)、ゆで玉子(40 g)および大根(40 g)各1個、およびおでん汁150 mlを含み、ゆで玉子に対してF値=4を与える130℃にて13分間のレトルト加熱を行うことにより製造した。
【0022】
これらの具材の中から、それぞれの方法で加熱したゆで玉子および角天(さつま揚げ)に関して、F値を測定した。F値の測定は、F値コンピュータにて測定した。その結果、ゆで玉子のF値は、いずれの加熱方法によっても4であったが、角天のF値は、対照のレトルトおでんでは72.1であったのに対して、本発明の方法により含気包装した場合には6.9となった。このことから、含気包装を採用することにより、ゆで玉子をF値=4にする加熱条件下で、達温時間がより早い食材に対する適度なレトルト加熱を達成できることが明らかになった。
【0023】
ついで、これらの具材の中から、加熱により特に物性の劣化が起こりやすい、角天、焼きちくわおよびごぼう巻きの魚肉練り製品に関して、その破断強度を測定した。測定した結果を、破断強度について図1に示す。
【0024】
図1からも明らかなように、ゆで玉子をF値=4にする加熱条件下、角天、焼きちくわおよびごぼう巻きの魚肉練り製品の破断強度が、本発明の含気包装により大幅に改善されたことが示された。このことから、これらの魚肉練り製品については、ゆで玉子をF値=4にする加熱条件下にてレトルト処理した後も、歯ごたえなどの食感を保ったままであることが明らかになった。
【0025】
実施例 3 :官能試験
本実施例においては、実施例1において製造した、本発明の方法で加熱処理したレトルトおでんと対照おでんについて、それぞれの具材の官能試験を行った。官能試験において判断する項目は、硬さ、味、および味の染みである。これらの項目に基づいて各具材に関して総合的な評価をし、三段階(◎、○、および△)にて表した。結果を以下の表1に示す。
【0026】
【表1】

Figure 0004360787
【0027】
この結果から、本発明のレトルトおでんにおいては、含気包装した達温時間のより早い食材において、特に歯ごたえの点で有意な改善が認められた。また、従来のレトルトおでんの場合には、魚肉練り製品の具材に過度な加熱を施すと、これらの具材からうまみなどがだし汁中に流れ出すことが知られていたが、このような従来の欠点も改善され、だし汁も雑味がない良好な味が保たれた。
【0028】
実施例 4 :含気包装における含気量と具材の F 値との相関
本実施例においては、含気包装に含まれる含気量と具材のF値との相関を調べるため、含気包装部分における含気量を(1)0 ml、(2)25 ml、(3)100 mlおよび(4)250 mlとして、材料、レトルト加熱方法および製造方法などのそれ以外の条件に関しては実施例1と同様にして、4種類のレトルトおでんを製造した。
【0029】
これらのレトルトおでんの具材の中から、最も達温時間が遅いゆで玉子および最も達温時間が早い角天のF値をそれぞれ測定した。測定結果は、以下の表2に示す。
【0030】
【表2】
Figure 0004360787
【0031】
この結果から、本実施例において採用した、レトルトパウチの物理的条件、含気包装中に含ませる具材、およびレトルト加熱条件、などの条件を考慮すると、含気包装中に含まれる気体の量がある一定量以下であること、すなわち本実施例の条件の場合には100 ml以下であること、が好ましいことがわかった。
【0032】
【発明の効果】
本発明のレトルト処理方法を使用することにより、達温時間が異なる複数の食材を、単一のレトルト加熱条件下、同時に同程度のF値となるようにレトルト加熱することができる。このように、達温時間がより早い食材を含気包装することにより、このような達温時間がより遅い食材をF値=4程度まで加熱する単一のレトルト加熱条件下で、達温時間がより早い食材に関して加熱処理した場合、従来の含液包装中にてこれらの食材を加熱していたときに問題となっていたF値の過度の上昇を防止することができ、その結果として玉子以外の具材の物性劣化(たとえば、弾力の低下、煮くずれ等)、レトルト臭の発生、褐変などのレトルト加熱による一般的な品質低下を防止することができる。
【0033】
本発明においてはさらに、達温時間がより早い食材を含気包装することにより、これらの食材の歯ごたえ、しなやかさなどを保持し、さらにはだし汁に雑味がない、レトルト食品を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 図1は、角天、焼きちくわおよびごぼう巻きの魚肉練り製品に関して、その破断強度を測定した結果を示す。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a novel retort food containing a plurality of foods having different reaching times under a certain heating condition in an integrated package. The present invention also provides a novel retort heat treatment method characterized in that a plurality of foods having different reaching times under a single retort heat condition are subjected to retort heat treatment so as to simultaneously reach the same F value. About.
[0002]
[Prior art]
With recent changes in dietary habits, retort foods that are more conserved and that save labor for cooking have come to be used in a very wide range. To date, curry, stew, pasta sauces (eg meat sauces and cream sauces), Chinese food and their sauces (eg mapo tofu, hot pot meat, green rice bowls, sauces of Happo vegetables), cooked rice, Retort foods are produced for a wide variety of ingredients such as porridge, rice bowl such as Chinese bowl and beef bowl, hamburger, meatballs, baby food.
[0003]
Retort food is a packaged food that has been sterilized under pressure and heat (retort sterilization) after being placed in an airtight container (retort pouch) made of a laminate material made of synthetic resin film or aluminum foil. I mean. Retort foods that have been manufactured so far are intended to be bacterially safe and have undergone the above-described conditions of heat and pressure sterilization in the manufacturing process. In addition, we select ingredients that are not affected by quality such as taste. Therefore, conventional retort foods are intended for foods that are sufficiently boiled for cooking to be served on a daily dining table, or foods that do not deteriorate in taste due to excessive heating and do not lose their shape.
[0004]
As for food poisoning bacteria, E. coli O-157 is killed by heating at 75 ° C for 1 minute, and many pathogenic bacteria and food poisoning bacteria have low heat resistance. However, since Clostridium botulinum is heat-resistant, and once it becomes food poisoning, the fatality rate is high and treatment is difficult, so it is basically necessary to determine the conditions for retort heating to prevent poisoning by Clostridium botulinum. It becomes. This Clostridium botulinum is known to die at 120 ° C for 4 minutes, and in general retort food, heating at a central temperature of 120 ° C for 4 minutes (ie, F value = 4.0) is the minimum for pressure and heat sterilization treatment. It is a condition.
[0005]
For example, retort foods have conventionally been manufactured for “oden”. However, in the case of oden, ingredients with different properties, such as eggs, vegetables, and pastes, are included in the oden soup while taking advantage of their characteristics, so the retort is maintained while maintaining the texture and taste of each ingredient. It was difficult to manufacture as oden. In particular, the time required to reach a predetermined temperature under a certain heating condition varies depending on each food material. Therefore, if you set the pressure and heat sterilization conditions so that the most difficult-to-sterilize ingredients such as eggs are F value = 4 and perform retort processing at high temperature and high pressure, The sterilization condition was excessive from 40 to 100 in some cases. Due to such a phenomenon, general quality deterioration due to retort heating such as deterioration of physical properties of ingredients other than egg (for example, reduction in elasticity, simmering, etc.), generation of retort odor, browning and the like has occurred.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention includes a novel package including a plurality of ingredients that can be retort-heated so as to give the same F value to a plurality of ingredients having different reaching times, and that is contained in an integrated package. The challenge is to develop retort food. The present invention also provides a novel retort heat treatment method characterized in that a plurality of foods having different reaching times under a single retort heat condition are subjected to retort heat treatment so as to simultaneously reach the same F value. The issue is to develop.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors of the present invention have found that, when retort heating is performed on a food, the heating effect can be reduced by including a gas in the packaging of the food with a faster reaching time. The present invention was completed by combining with a liquid-containing packaging that does not interfere with the heating effect.
[0008]
That is, in one aspect of the present invention, the food material divided into at least two parts based on the difference in time to reach the predetermined temperature is packaged by air-sealing the food material part having a faster temperature arrival time. Retort heating can be performed to give the same F value to multiple foods with different reaching temperatures under a single retort heating condition by liquid-wrapping the slower food ingredients. Provided is a retort food product that includes a plurality of ingredients that have different temperature reach times in an integrated package.
[0009]
According to another aspect of the present invention, in another embodiment, the food material divided into at least two parts based on the difference in time to reach the predetermined temperature is packaged by air packaging the food material part having a faster temperature arrival time. After liquid packaging of ingredients with slower ingredients, retort heat treatment is performed so that multiple ingredients with different reaching temperatures reach the same F value at the same time under a single retort heating condition A retort heat treatment method is provided.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, when the term “food with a faster warming time” is used, for example, fish paste such as flat, square, roll, and vegetable tempura, grilled chikuwa, tsumi, and hampen, and kelp, konjac Can be given.
[0011]
In the present invention, when “an ingredient with a slower reaching time” is mentioned, for example, boiled eggs and radishes can be mentioned.
The retort food suitable for the retort heat treatment of the present invention refers to a processed food containing a plurality of ingredients having different reaching temperatures while taking advantage of the characteristics of each ingredient. For example, Japanese side dishes such as oden and boiled foods. can give. In the present invention, oden is preferred.
[0012]
Subsequently, the foodstuffs belonging to the “earlier warm-up time” category classified as described above are packaged by air, while the foodstuffs belonging to the “latest warm-up time” category are liquid-wrapped. When retort heating is performed by the method of the present invention, since the present invention has a technical problem of processing a plurality of ingredients under a single retort heating condition, the aerated packaging and the liquid-containing packaging are separated. May exist as separate structures. However, when providing the retort food in the present invention, in consideration of the retort heating treatment process and the ease of subsequent distribution, etc., the classification of the aerated package and the liquid-containing package in the integrated package It is preferable that the above-mentioned sections exist. In the following description of the present specification, a package obtained by integrating the air-containing package and the liquid-containing package in this way is referred to as “air-containing / liquid-containing integrated package”.
[0013]
In the present invention, the term “aerated packaging” refers to a packaging containing food and gas when packaging the food. Examples of the gas include air, nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas, or a mixed gas thereof.
[0014]
In the present invention, the term “liquid-containing packaging” refers to a packaging containing foodstuffs and liquids when packaging foodstuffs. In addition to the case where no gas is contained inside the packaging body, The case where gas is included is also included. Examples of the liquid include water or seasoning liquid.
[0015]
The amount of gas enclosed in a package can be determined individually, taking into account the processing of aerated and liquid packaging under a single retort heating condition. it can. The gas contained in the aerated packaging has a heat insulation effect when the retort heat treatment is performed, and heats the food gently compared to the case where the food is included in the liquid packaging and heat-treated. Enable. Therefore, if the warming time of the food with the earliest warming time is far from the warming time of the food with the slowest warming time, the heating of the food in the aerated packaging is more gentle. If a large amount of gas is included, while the time of reaching both temperatures is not so great, a smaller amount of gas is included.
[0016]
To make an aerated package, only cooked ingredients are put into the retort pouch. If the cooked food is immersed in a liquid, it is pulled up from the liquid before packaging. Next, the pouch is sealed with a necessary amount of gas. At this time, it is acceptable in terms of the characteristics of the aerated packaging of the present invention that the pouch includes a liquid that is attached or contained in the surface and inside of the food material.
[0017]
In the present invention, “single retort heating conditions” are selected such that the F value is about 4 or more for the food with the slowest temperature to be contained in the liquid-containing package. For example, when boiled egg is the slowest time to reach the temperature of the ingredients contained in liquid packaging, the heating effect is 13 minutes at 130 ° C or higher to achieve F value = 4 or higher. The retort heating conditions that can be given are selected. As mentioned above, by packaging the ingredients with faster heat-up time, the heat-up time under a single retort heating condition that heats the food with slower heat-up time to F value = 4 However, when heated for faster ingredients, it is possible to prevent an excessive increase in F value, which was a problem when these ingredients were heated during conventional liquid packaging, as a result, It is possible to prevent general quality deterioration due to retort heating such as deterioration of physical properties of ingredients other than egg (for example, reduction in elasticity, cooking loss, etc.), generation of retort odor, browning and the like.
[0018]
【Example】
Example 1 : Manufacture of a retort oden packaged in an air - containing monolithic package In this example, a retort oden packaged in an air-containing monolithic package was manufactured. In this example, a 150 mm × 250 mm three-layer (PET // NY // CP) airtight retort pouch was used as the pouch for retort. This airtight retort pouch is divided into two parts, and one of the five ingredients consisting of scallops, burdock rolls, konnyaku, kelp, and baked chikuwa as ingredients that have a faster warming time (after seasoning, Dried soup is cut out for a total of 100 g), and 25 ml of air is enclosed to form an air-wrapped package. On the other hand, boiled egg (40 g) and radish (40 g) each as a food with a slower warming time An aeration-liquid-containing integrated package was prepared as a liquid-containing package by enclosing one piece and 150 ml of oden soup.
[0019]
Next, the retort oden was manufactured by retort heating the aerated / liquid-containing integrated package prepared as described above under the retort heating condition of 130 minutes at 130 ° C. that gives F value = 4 to the boiled egg. .
[0020]
Example 2 : Analysis of physical properties of ingredients with faster warm-up time In this example, the physical properties of ingredients with faster warm-up time were compared with the retort oden packaged in aerated package manufactured in Example 1, Comparison was made between the retort oden of the control food liquid-wrapped by the above method.
[0021]
The control retort oden consists of 5 ingredients consisting of Kakuten (Satsuma fried), burdock rolls, konnyaku, kelp, baked chikuwa (total 100 g with seasoned and then dried broth), boiled egg (40 g) and Each radish (40 g) was included, and 150 ml of oden soup was prepared by heating at 130 ° C. for 13 minutes, giving an F value = 4 to boiled egg.
[0022]
From these ingredients, F values were measured for boiled eggs and scallops (satsuma fried) heated by the respective methods. The F value was measured with an F value computer. As a result, the F value of boiled egg was 4 by any of the heating methods, whereas the F value of Kakuten was 72.1 in the control retort oden, whereas it was aerated by the method of the present invention. When packaged, it was 6.9. From this, it was clarified that by adopting the aerated packaging, it is possible to achieve an appropriate retort heating for the food with a quicker heating time under the heating condition in which the boiled egg has an F value = 4.
[0023]
Next, from these ingredients, the breaking strength was measured with respect to the products of kakuten, yakichiku and burdock-wrapped fish meat, which are particularly susceptible to deterioration of physical properties by heating. The measurement results are shown in FIG. 1 for the breaking strength.
[0024]
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the breaking strength of the kneaded, baked chikuwa and burdock-wrapped fish meat products was greatly improved by the aerated packaging of the present invention under the heating condition in which the boiled egg was F value = 4. It was shown that. From these results, it was revealed that these fish-kneaded products retain the texture such as crunchiness even after retort processing under the heating condition that boiled egg F value = 4.
[0025]
Example 3 : Sensory test In this example, the sensory test of each ingredient was performed on the retort oden and the control oden produced in Example 1 and heat-treated by the method of the present invention. Items judged in the sensory test are hardness, taste, and taste stain. Based on these items, each component was comprehensively evaluated and expressed in three stages (◎, ○, and Δ). The results are shown in Table 1 below.
[0026]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004360787
[0027]
From these results, in the retort oden according to the present invention, significant improvement was observed particularly in the crunchiness of the food material that had been aerated and had a quicker temperature time. In addition, in the case of conventional retort oden, it has been known that if excessive heating is applied to the ingredients of the fish paste product, umami flows out into the broth from these ingredients. The soup stock was also improved and a good taste without miscellaneous taste was maintained.
[0028]
Example 4 : Correlation between air content and air content F value in air packaging In this example, the correlation between air content contained in air content packaging and material F value is examined. Therefore, other conditions such as materials, retort heating method and manufacturing method, etc., assuming that the air content in the air-containing packaging part is (1) 0 ml, (2) 25 ml, (3) 100 ml and (4) 250 ml In the same manner as in Example 1, four types of retort oden were produced.
[0029]
From these retort oden ingredients, the F-number of boiled egg with the slowest warm-up time and angular sky with the fastest warm-up time were measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 2 below.
[0030]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004360787
[0031]
From this result, the amount of gas contained in the aerated packaging is considered in consideration of the conditions such as the physical conditions of the retort pouch, the ingredients to be included in the aerated packaging, and the retort heating conditions adopted in this example. It has been found that it is preferable that the amount is not more than a certain amount, that is, not more than 100 ml in the case of the conditions of this example.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
By using the retort processing method of the present invention, a plurality of foods having different reaching temperatures can be retort-heated at the same time under a single retort heating condition so as to have the same F value. In this way, by packaging the ingredients with faster heat-up time, the heat-up time can be achieved under a single retort heating condition in which the food with slower heat-up time is heated to about F = 4. When the heat treatment is performed on earlier ingredients, it is possible to prevent an excessive increase in the F value, which was a problem when these ingredients were heated in the conventional liquid-containing packaging, and as a result, the egg It is possible to prevent general deterioration in quality due to retort heating such as deterioration of physical properties of ingredients other than the above (for example, reduction in elasticity, simmering, etc.), generation of retort odor, browning and the like.
[0033]
Furthermore, in the present invention, it is possible to provide a retort food that retains the crunchiness, suppleness, and the like of these ingredients, and further has no taste in the soup stock, by air-wrapping the ingredients that have a faster warm-up time. it can.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows the results of measuring the breaking strength of kakuten, grilled chikuwa and burdock-wrapped fish meat products.

Claims (5)

単一レトルト加熱条件下で所定の温度に達温する時間の相違に基づいて、固形食材を、さつま揚げ、焼きちくわからなる群から選択される1または複数の魚肉練り製品、昆布、コンニャクである達温時間のより早い固形食材の区分と、ゆで玉子および/または大根である達温時間のより遅い固形食材の区分との2つに区分し、
達温時間のより早い固形食材の区分を含気包装し、
達温時間のより遅い固形食材の区分を含液包装し、
単一レトルト加熱条件下にて達温時間が異なる複数の固形食材を、同時に同程度のF値に達するようにレトルト加熱処理する
ことを特徴とする、含気-含液一体包装体中に含まれるレトルト食品の製造方法。
Based on the difference in time to reach a predetermined temperature under a single retort heating condition, the solid food is one or more fish paste products selected from the group consisting of fried fish paste and grilled chikuwa, kelp, konjac Divided into two categories: solid food ingredients with earlier time and solid food ingredients with slower warm-up time, boiled egg and / or radish
Aerated packaging of solid food ingredients with faster warming time,
Liquid-containing packaging of solid food ingredients with slower warming time,
Contained in a package containing air and liquid containing multiple solid foods with different heating times under a single retort heating condition, which are retort-heated to reach the same F value at the same time. Retort food manufacturing method.
含気包装中に、空気、窒素ガス、炭酸ガスもしくはこれらの混合気体を封入し、含液包装中に、水、または調味液を封入する、請求項1に記載のレトルト食品の製造方法。  2. The method for producing a retort food according to claim 1, wherein air, nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas or a mixed gas thereof is enclosed in the aerated packaging, and water or seasoning liquid is enclosed in the liquid-containing packaging. 複数の固形食材の所定の温度に達温する時間の相違に基づいて区分した少なくとも2つの区分において、含気包装の気体の含有量を調節したことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のレトルト食品の製造方法。  3. The gas content of the aerated packaging is adjusted in at least two sections divided based on a difference in time to reach a predetermined temperature of a plurality of solid foodstuffs, according to claim 1 or 2. Method for producing retort food. 単一レトルト加熱条件下で、所定の温度に達温する時間の相違に基づいて、さつま揚げ、焼きちくわからなる群から選択される1または複数の魚肉練り製品、昆布、コンニャクである達温時間のより早い固形食材の区分と、ゆで玉子および/または大根である達温時間のより遅い固形食材の区分との2つに区分した固形食材を、達温時間のより早い固形食材の区分を含気包装し、達温時間のより遅い固形食材の区分を含液包装した後、単一レトルト加熱条件下にて、達温時間が異なる複数の固形食材を、同時に同程度のF値に達するようにレトルト加熱処理することを特徴とする、レトルト加熱処理方法。  Based on the difference in time to reach a predetermined temperature under a single retort heating condition, one or more fish paste products selected from the group consisting of deep-fried sweet potato and grilled chikuwa, kelp, konjac Packaged solid foods into two categories: early solid foods and boiled eggs and / or radishes, solid foods with a slower warming time, and aerial packaging of solid foods with a faster warming time Then, after liquid-wrapping the category of solid ingredients with a slower reaching time, retort multiple solid ingredients with different reaching times at the same time under the single retort heating condition. A retort heat treatment method, characterized by heat treatment. 含気包装中に、空気、窒素ガス、炭酸ガスもしくはこれらの混合気体を封入し、含液包装中に、水、または調味液を封入する、請求項4に記載のレトルト加熱処理方法。  5. The retort heat treatment method according to claim 4, wherein air, nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas or a mixed gas thereof is enclosed in the aerated packaging, and water or seasoning liquid is enclosed in the liquid-containing packaging.
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