JP4358822B2 - 流体抵抗低減用チタンシートおよび流体抵抗低減方法 - Google Patents
流体抵抗低減用チタンシートおよび流体抵抗低減方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
流体へ物質を添加することによる方法は,トムズ効果に代表される高分子溶液の他に、界面活性剤、植物粘液、繊維質、微細固体粒子さらにはマイクロバブル等があり、特に液体に対して効果がある。しかし、マイクロバブルの注入以外の方法には、添加する物質の劣化や排液の環境問題等があるため、その適用範囲が限定される。
この本発明に係る流体抵抗低減用チタンシートは、(a)厚みが3.0mm以下であること、(b)凹凸溝の深さが0.01mm以上1.0mm以下であり、かつ凹凸溝の間隔が0.02mm以上2.0mm以下であること、または(c)凹凸溝の形成方向に沿った方向の表面平均粗さが1μm以下であること、がそれぞれ望ましい。
はじめに本発明が完成した経緯を簡単に説明する。上述した特許文献1、2により開示された発明の課題を解決するために、流体抵抗を低減することができる形状(以下、「流体抵抗低減形状」という)をチタンシートへ形成加工することを想到した。
次に、チタンシートに微細な流体抵抗低減形状を成形加工する方法としては、機械加工、プレス、ロール圧延の他に例えばエッチング等の化学的加工等が考えられる。この流体抵抗低減形状は、シート状の材料への一方向(流れ方向)に連続した微細形状であることから、その加工の生産性およびコストを勘案すると、ロールによる圧延加工を採用することが最も望ましい。
同図にグラフで示すように、このリブレットは圧延加工により形成されているため、リブレットの形状は、巨視的には三角形状であるが、微視的には、図5における拡大図に示すように凸部(頂点)の先端が丸みを帯びた三角形状を呈する。本実施の形態では、圧延加工では、凸部の先端がこのように丸みを帯びる。
チタンの冷延板あるいはチタン合金シートは、その厚さが3mm以下が一般的である。凹凸溝の形状は、図6(a)〜図6(e)に示すものを基本とするが、これらに限定されるものではない。凹凸溝の寸法は、本例で流体抵抗の低減効果を確認することができた凹凸溝の高さ:10〜1000μm、かつピッチ:20〜2000μmの範囲とした。また、当然のことながら、流れに沿った凹凸溝の表面は滑らかなほどよく、この面が粗くなると摩擦抵抗が増大し、凹凸溝による流体抵抗の低減効果がなくなる。したがって、この面の平均粗さは1μm以下であることが望ましい。
Claims (5)
- ロール圧延により成形加工された、凸部先端の曲率半径が0.2mm以下である連続するとともに流体に直接接する凹凸溝を、少なくとも片面に備えることを特徴とする流体抵抗低減用チタンシート。
- 厚みが3.0mm以下である、請求項1に記載された流体抵抗低減用チタンシート。
- 前記凹凸溝の深さが0.01mm以上1.0mm以下であり、かつ該凹凸溝の間隔が0.02mm以上2.0mm以下である請求項1又は請求項2に記載された流体抵抗低減用チタンシート。
- 前記凹凸溝の形成方向に沿った方向の表面平均粗さが1μm以下である請求項1に記載された流体抵抗低減用チタンシート。
- 請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか1項に記載された流体抵抗低減用チタンシートを、流体中を相対的に移動する物体の表面に装着することによって流体抵抗を低減することを特徴とする流体抵抗低減方法。
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