JP4351891B2 - Fastening management system for fastening members - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tightening management system for tightening members such as screws and bolts, and more particularly to a tightening management system for tightening members that can check whether a tightening member such as a bolt is forgotten to be tightened.

  Human error is the most troublesome in the reliability of tightening work of fastening members such as screws, bolts and nuts. Naturally, humans must think that they make mistakes. The most common human error is forgetting to tighten the screws. As a situation, the screws are usually temporarily tightened after being temporarily tightened in order to tighten the screws uniformly and efficiently.

  However, the temporarily tightened screw cannot be distinguished from the final tightened screw at first glance, so the final tightening may be forgotten.

  Therefore, as one of the methods for confirming the final tightening, in a torque wrench used for tightening screws such as bolts, when the tightening torque reaches a predetermined value, the attached marker operates to mark the bolt or its periphery. A torque wrench with a marker has been proposed (Patent Document 1).

  This marker-equipped torque wrench has a wrench main body having a head and a handle, a ratchet cylinder that engages a ratchet with the head of the wrench main body, and is engaged with a tightened bolt or nut fixed to the tip of the ratchet cylinder. And a marker rod inserted in the ratchet cylinder so as to be slidable in the axial direction and holding a marker at the tip.

When the specified tightening torque is reached, the marker rod is slid in the axial direction toward the tip side by the operation of the toggle link built in the handle of the wrench body, and the marker is moved in the socket to move the bolt The end face is marked.
JP-A-6-297352

  However, even if such a torque wrench with a marker is used, the mark is checked by the operator's eyes even though the final tightening and temporary tightening can be distinguished by the paint on the bolt head. An error can occur.

  Therefore, an object of the invention according to the present application is to solve such a conventional problem and to provide a fastening member tightening management system capable of completely preventing forgetting to fasten.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, when the fastening member such as a plurality of bolts is fastened to the body to be fastened by the fastening tool, the position of the fastening member to which the fastening tool is attached is measured. Fastening member position detection means for detecting using a distance method, storage means for storing fastening positions of the plurality of fastening members with respect to the fastened body, and fastening of a fastening object detected by the fastening member position detection means A fastening member that compares the detection position of the member with the storage position of the fastening member stored in the storage means and identifies the fastening member at a corresponding position among the plurality of fastening members to be fastened to the fastened member Discriminating means, fastening discriminating means for discriminating whether or not fastening has been performed on the fastening member to be fastened detected by the fastening member position detecting means, and display means having a display unit corresponding to the plurality of fastening members And the fastening member And a display processing means for causing the display unit corresponding to the fastening member specified by another means to perform different display before and after fastening based on the discrimination result of the fastening discrimination means. In the component tightening management system.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, when the fastening member such as a plurality of bolts is fastened to the body to be fastened by the fastening tool, the position of the fastening member to which the fastening tool is attached is measured. A fastening member position detecting means for detecting using a distance method; a fastening determining means for judging whether or not fastening has been performed on a fastening member to be fastened detected by the fastening member position detecting means; and the fastening member position. When it is determined that the fastening determination means is fastened to the fastening member to be fastened detected by the detection means, the storage means for storing the detected position of the fastened fastening member, and the fastening tool as the fastening member The current detection position detected by the fastening member position detection means by mounting is compared with the previous detection position stored in the storage means. If there is no same detection position, the current detection position is stored in the storage means. Remembered Position comparison means, display means having a display portion corresponding to the number of the plurality of fastening members, and display that has been tightened on the display portion of the display means by the number of fastening members stored in the storage means. A fastening management system for fastening members.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the invention, the distance measuring method is a propagation of an ultrasonic pulse transmitted from an ultrasonic transmitter provided in a tightening tool. It is characterized in that it is obtained on the basis of triangulation from distance information obtained by measuring time.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, for example, in the assembly line of the engine, when the bolt mounting position of each component is clear, and when the engine component is stopped at a predetermined position, each bolt mounting position can be understood naturally, If the bolt mounting position is stored in advance, when the bolt is tightened with a tightening tool such as a torque wrench, the display indicating that the bolt has been fastened is displayed on the corresponding display portion of the display means. It is possible to easily and reliably determine whether or not the tightening of a fastening member such as a bolt has been forgotten.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, for example, when a tire is mounted on an assembly line of an automobile, the position of the bolt for mounting the tire wheel set on the axle side is maintained at a fixed position, so that the tire mounting work place is maintained. However, since the number of bolts is known in advance, the position of the nut is stored when the wheel nut is tightened with a tightening tool. Since the tightening positions of all the nuts are different, it is judged that the tightening has been performed twice if they coincide with each other, and there are display portions where the nuts are not tightened in the display portion for the number of nuts of the display means. It can be immediately determined that the nut has been forgotten to be tightened.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a device configuration of a fastening member fastening management system according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the system of FIG.

  The fastening member tightening management system shown in FIG. 1 will be described with a plurality of fastening members having different fastening positions (hereinafter, bolts as an example) on the assumption that the fastening positions of fastening members such as bolts and nuts are preset. ) Is displayed, and the determination result is displayed on a display device such as a liquid crystal display device, and the tightening torque value can be displayed together with the determination result of the presence or absence of tightening.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a torque wrench in which an ultrasonic transmitter 2 for transmitting ultrasonic pulses is attached at a predetermined position. Measurement data such as a torque value accompanying tightening can be transferred from a data processing device 3 by, for example, infrared rays. ing.

  The torque wrench 1 is provided with an ultrasonic transmitter 2 that transmits ultrasonic pulses, and the ultrasonic pulses are always transmitted from a transmission antenna (not shown) of the ultrasonic transmitter 2. As the transmitting antenna of the ultrasonic transmitter 2, a type having directivity in all directions is used.

  Around the bolt tightening work place, there are arranged receiving antenna devices 5 for receiving ultrasonic pulses transmitted from the ultrasonic transmitter 2 at three different positions.

  The receiving antenna device 5 has three receiving antennas 6, 7, and 8 arranged on a two-dimensional plane. The arrangement position of the receiving antenna device 5 is not particularly limited. However, in consideration of being restricted by a conveyor or the like constituting a production line in a bolt tightening work place, for example, an assembly work place of an engine or the like. In the present embodiment, description will be given below by taking as an example a case where they are arranged on a vertical plane.

  Assuming that two orthogonal axes in the horizontal plane are the X axis and the Y axis, and an axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane is the Z axis, the receiving antenna device 5 is arranged on the XZ plane, and the first receiving antenna 6 And the second receiving antenna 7 are attached to the same position with respect to the Y axis and the Z axis, and are attached to different positions with respect to the X axis. The third receiving antenna 8 is attached to the second receiving antenna 7 at the same position with respect to the X axis and the Y axis, and is attached to a different position with respect to the Z axis.

  Then, the ultrasonic pulses transmitted from the ultrasonic transmitter 2 are received by the first receiving antenna 6, the second receiving antenna 7, and the third receiving antenna 8, and received by the receiving antennas 6 to 8. Is output to the ranging receiver 9. From the distance measuring receiver 9, the received pulses received by the receiving antennas 6 to 8 are output to the arithmetic processing unit 10 composed of a personal computer or the like.

  The arithmetic processing device 10 performs so-called three-point (point) distance measurement based on the propagation time of the ultrasonic pulse transmitted from the transmitter 2 to the first to third receiving antennas 6, 7, and 8. The coordinate position calculation unit 11 obtains the coordinate position (X, Y, Z) on the three axes of the ultrasonic transmitter 2 by using. In addition, in order to calculate the propagation time of the ultrasonic pulse to each receiving antenna 6-8, the synchronizing signal by FM wave (or infrared light) is transmitted from the torque wrench 1 when the switch 4 is turned on. Is input to the coordinate position calculation unit 11, based on the time required for each of the receiving antennas 6-8 to detect the pulse of the ultrasonic pulse from the time when the synchronization signal is input, The distance from the transmitter 2 to each receiving antenna 6-8 is calculated. Here, since the torque wrench 1 turns on the switch 4 in a state where the socket 1a is set on the bolt to be tightened by the operator, the coordinates obtained by the triangulation are the position of the transmitter 2 (strictly, the antenna position). It is not the bolt head position. Therefore, the coordinate position calculation unit 11 can correct the coordinate position in the Z-axis direction by inputting the length of the socket 1a with a keyboard or the like.

  A plurality of bolts 14 (NO.1 bolts 14a to NO.6 bolts 14f) are fastened at predetermined positions on a body 13 to be fastened such as an engine where bolts are tightened. In addition, coordinate information of three axes (hereinafter referred to as set coordinates) at the fastening positions of these bolts is input to the memory 15.

  When the coordinate position of the bolt (hereinafter, referred to as a tightening target bolt) to which the socket 1a of the torque wrench 1 is attached is obtained based on the calculation result of the coordinate position calculation unit 11, a plurality of the tightening target bolts (six in this embodiment) are obtained. In order to determine which one of the bolts is a bolt number determination unit 16, the bolt position determination unit 16 obtains the set coordinate and coordinate position calculation unit 11 of each number of bolts stored in the memory 15. The bolt number is determined by comparing with the coordinate position of the bolt to be tightened. As a method for determining the bolt number, for example, with respect to the set coordinates of each bolt number, a search range having a certain extent around the periphery is set, and by gradually narrowing the search range, one set coordinate is finally obtained. Identify.

  That is, the stop position of the fastened body 13 is not always constant, and an error or the like occurs in the calculation of the coordinate position. Therefore, the set coordinates may not always coincide with the coordinate position obtained by the calculation. Therefore, when the search range is wide, the calculation coordinates exist within the search range at the set coordinates of a plurality of bolts. However, if each of these search ranges is gradually narrowed, the calculation coordinates deviate from the search range, and finally the calculation It is determined that the bolt corresponding to the set coordinates of the search range including the coordinates is the tightening target bolt. As the search range, the search range can be set to a square or a circle. When the search range is set to a circle, the search range can be narrowed down only by reducing the radius, so that the processing speed is increased.

  The bolt number discriminating unit 16 merely discriminates the bolt on which the socket of the torque wrench 1 is attached, and does not discriminate whether or not it is actually tightened.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as described above, the torque wrench 1 can transfer measurement data such as a torque value accompanying tightening from the data processing device 3 by, for example, infrared, and the arithmetic processing device 10 transfers data. The tightening torque value is input from the receiver 17 to the measurement data processing unit 18.

  Since the measurement data is input from the torque wrench 1 to the measurement data processing unit 18 in real time, the fact that the measurement data is input means that the bolts to which the socket 1a of the torque wrench 1 is attached are actually tightened. In this case, a tightening signal is input to the tightening determination unit 19. The memory 15 stores data such as the coordinate position data of each bolt 13 and the tightening torque value from the measurement data processing unit 18 corresponding to each bolt number for each body 13 to be fastened. .

  In the tightening determination unit 19, when the bolt number determined from the bolt number determination unit 16 is input and a tightening signal is input from the measurement data processing unit 18, the bolt is tightened to the bolt 14 having the bolt number. Is output to the display processing unit 20, and the tightening confirmation signal is stored in the memory 15 in association with the bolt number.

  The display processing unit 20 corresponds to the bolt display units 30 (30a to 30f) corresponding to the bolts 13 respectively disposed on the fastened body as a display screen on the display device D such as a liquid crystal display device, and to each bolt display unit 30. The measurement / calculation value display unit 31 (31a to 31f) for displaying the coordinate information and torque value calculated by the bolt is displayed. When the bolt number signal indicating the bolt number is output from the bolt number determination unit 16 to the display processing unit 20, the display processing unit 20 displays the determined number of the bolt display unit 30, for example, the display color from blue to red. Switch to. In this state, the display in red display color is not maintained. For example, when the socket 1a of the torque wrench 1 is attached to another bolt 14 without tightening the bolt, it corresponds to the bolt 14 previously attached. The display color of the bolt display unit 30 returns to the original blue color. When the bolt 13 is tightened with the torque wrench 1, a tightening confirmation signal is input from the tightening determination unit 19 to the display processing unit 20, and the red display is performed on the bolt display unit 30 displayed in red with the determined number. Is maintained.

  Therefore, even if the socket 1a of the torque wrench 1 is attached to another bolt 14 and the switch 4 is turned on, the bolt display portion 30 corresponding to the bolt that has been tightened is maintained in red display. It is possible to clearly discriminate between a bolt that has been tightened and a bolt that has not yet been tightened. At that time, the measured value of the tightening torque and the coordinate position of the three axes are displayed on the measured / calculated value display unit 31 (31a to 31f) displayed close to the bolt display unit 30.

  Since the tightening confirmation display for each bolt display portion 30 of the display device D is performed every time the socket 1a of the torque wrench 1 is attached to the bolt 14 and the bolt is tightened, the operator of the bolt tightening of the display device D It is only necessary to tighten the bolt corresponding to the bolt display unit 30 whose display color is not switched while viewing the display screen, and when the operator determines that the tightening operation of all the bolts 14 is completed, the display device D is displayed. Can be confirmed that the bolt tightening operation has been performed on all the bolts 14, and if the bolts are forgotten to be tightened, the display colors of the bolt display portions 30 corresponding to the bolts 14 for which tightening is forgotten. Is not switched, the operator should just tighten this bolt 14 immediately.

  When all the fastenings of one fastened body 13 to a predetermined bolt are completed, the next fastened body 13 is transported to a predetermined fastening position, stopped at a predetermined position, and then tightened by the next bolt. Before that, the reset signal 32 is displayed on the display screen of the display device D, for example, by selecting the reset display unit 32 displayed on the display screen of the display device D by operating the mouse or touch panel. The display up to is reset.

  Here, the fastened body 13 is stopped at the predetermined positioning position in order to match the reference coordinates of the set coordinates stored in the memory 15 and the calculated coordinates calculated based on the triangulation. , X, Y, and Z can be set at arbitrary reference positions (X0, Y0, Z0). In the present embodiment, X of the second and third receiving antennas 7 and 8 The coordinate position of the axis is set as a reference coordinate X0, and one end of the fastened body 13 is positioned at the reference coordinate X0 of the X axis. Further, the bottom surface of the fastened body 13 is set as a Z-axis reference coordinate Z0, and the Y-axis reference coordinate Y0 is set at an appropriate position from the receiving antenna toward the fastened body 13.

  In addition, the method of inputting the set coordinates for each bolt 14 of the body to be fastened 13 is to attach the socket 1a of the torque wrench 1 to each bolt 14 in a state where the body 13 to be fastened is stopped at the positioning position described above, and switch 4 When is turned on, the calculated coordinates are obtained as described above, and can be easily performed by storing the calculated coordinates in the memory 15 as set coordinates.

  If a tightening confirmation signal indicating that tightening has been performed is output in a state where the set torque value has been reached, it is determined that tightening has not been performed for a bolt that has not reached the set torque value, By tightening to the set torque value again, all bolts can be securely tightened.

  Further, the tightening confirmation signal is output based on the measurement data by infrared light from the data processing device 3 of the torque wrench 1. When the tightening torque by the torque wrench 1 reaches a set torque value, for example, toggle The mechanism may be of a type in which the torque head moves and the limit switch is turned on. In this case, a signal from the limit switch may be input to the arithmetic processing unit 10 wirelessly or by wire. .

Thus, according to the present embodiment, when the tightening position of the bolt 14 is always present at the same position in a state where the fastened body 13 is positioned at a predetermined position, the coordinates of the tightening position on the bolt are previously set. The bolt 14 to which the socket 1a of the torque wrench 1 is attached is set based on the coordinate position of the bolt and the set coordinates obtained by the triangular distance measurement based on the propagation time of the ultrasonic pulse. The bolts that have been tightened by changing the display form of the corresponding bolt display unit 30 displayed on the display device D when it is confirmed by the measurement data such as the torque value that the bolt has been actually tightened Therefore, it is easy to distinguish the bolts that have not yet been tightened, and it is possible to reliably prevent forgetting to tighten.
(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.

  The second embodiment uses calculation coordinates obtained by triangulation based on the propagation time of the ultrasonic pulse transmitted from the torque wrench 1 as in the first embodiment. The number of bolts required for tightening in the body is stored in advance in memory, and all the previously calculated calculation coordinates and the current calculation obtained by simply attaching the socket 1a of the torque wrench 1 to the bolt or performing the bolt tightening When the current calculated coordinates are included in the previous calculated coordinates, it is judged that it is closed twice and a warning is displayed, and the current calculated coordinates are not included in the previous calculated coordinates The number of bolts to be tightened is incremented by 1, and when the set number stored in the memory is reached, it is determined that all bolts have been tightened, and forgetting tightening can be reliably prevented. It is. 3 that are the same as those in the block shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and different points will be described.

  In FIG. 3, the calculated coordinates calculated by the coordinate position calculation unit 11 are output to the calculated coordinate comparison unit 40 and compared with the calculated coordinate data stored in the memory 41. In the memory 41, the number of bolts to be tightened is stored in advance and is read out to the counter 42.

  In the first calculation of the coordinate position, since the calculation coordinate data is not stored in the memory 41, the calculation coordinate comparison unit 40 stores the first calculation coordinate in the memory 41 and causes the counter 42 to count 1.

  The counter 42 outputs a tightening completion signal to the display processing unit 43 every time it counts up.

  The display processing unit 43 causes the display device D to display the bolt display units 44 corresponding to the number of bolts to be tightened. Each time a tightening completion signal is input from the counter 42, the display of the bolt display unit 44 is changed from blue to red. Change the display one by one. In this case, when a tightening confirmation signal is input from the measurement data display unit 18 to the counter 43, the red display is maintained.

  Further, in the calculated coordinate display unit 40, when the second and subsequent calculated coordinates (current calculated coordinates) are input from the coordinate position calculating unit 11, the previous calculated coordinates stored in the memory 41 are compared. If the bolt on which the socket 1a of the torque wrench 1 is mounted is already tightened, it matches the previous calculation coordinates stored in the memory 41, so the same bolt is tightened twice. Therefore, the display processing unit 43 displays a warning on the display device D.

  In this manner, when the bolts are tightened by the torque wrench 1 and the counter 42 determines that all the bolts have been tightened, all the bolt display portions 44 of the display device D are displayed in red, and forgetting to tighten is prevented.

  According to this embodiment, even when the bolt position is indefinite and the stop position of the body to be fastened is disjoint, forgetting to tighten can be reliably prevented.

  In each of the embodiments described above, coordinates similar to three axes orthogonal to each other (X axis, Y axis, Z axis) are obtained, but the coordinates of the two orthogonal axes are obtained and based on this. The bolt to be fastened may be specified.

Schematic which shows 1st Embodiment of the fastening management system of the fastening member by this invention Block diagram of the arithmetic processing unit of FIG. The block diagram of the arithmetic processing unit which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Torque wrench 2 Ultrasonic transmitter 3 Data processing apparatus 4 Switch 5 Reception antenna apparatus 6, 7, 8 Reception antenna 9 Distance measuring receiver 10 Arithmetic processing apparatus 11 Coordinate position calculation part 12 Light receiver 13 Fastened body 14 Bolt 15 Memory 16 Bolt number discriminating unit 17 Data transfer receiver 18 Measurement data processing unit 19 Tightening discriminating unit 20 Display processing unit D Display device 30 (30a to 30f) Bolt display unit 31 (31a to 31f) Measurement / calculated value display unit 32 Reset display unit 40 Calculation coordinate comparison unit 41 Memory 42 Counter 43 Display processing unit 44 Bolt display unit

Claims (3)

Fastening member position detecting means for detecting the position of the fastening member to which the fastening tool is mounted when a fastening member such as a plurality of bolts is fastened to the body to be fastened using a distance measuring method;
Storage means for previously storing tightening positions of the plurality of fastening members with respect to the fastened body;
The detected position of the fastening member to be fastened detected by the fastening member position detecting means and the storage position of the fastening member stored in the storage means are compared, and a plurality of fastening members to be fastened to the fastened member are compared. Fastening member discriminating means for identifying a fastening member at a position corresponding to the inside;
Fastening determination means for determining whether or not fastening has been performed on a fastening member to be fastened detected by the fastening member position detection means;
Display means having a display unit corresponding to the plurality of fastening members;
Display processing means for causing the display unit corresponding to the fastening member specified by the fastening member determination means to perform different display before and after fastening based on the determination result of the fastening determination means;
A fastening member tightening management system comprising: Fastening member position detecting means for detecting the position of the fastening member to which the fastening tool is mounted when a fastening member such as a plurality of bolts is fastened to the body to be fastened using a distance measuring method;
Fastening determination means for determining whether or not fastening has been performed on a fastening member to be fastened detected by the fastening member position detection means;
Storage means for storing the detected position of the fastened fastening member when the fastening judging means is fastened to the fastening member to be fastened detected by the fastening member position detecting means;
The present detection position detected by the fastening member position detection means by attaching the tightening tool to the fastening member is compared with the previous detection position stored in the storage means, and if there is no same detection position Position comparison means for storing the current detection position in the storage means;
Display means having a display unit according to the number of the plurality of fastening members;
Display processing means for causing the display section of the display means to perform fastening display as many as the number of fastening members stored in the storage means;
A fastening member tightening management system comprising: The distance measuring method is characterized in that it is obtained based on triangulation from distance information obtained by measuring a propagation time of an ultrasonic pulse transmitted from an ultrasonic transmitter provided in a tightening tool. The fastening management system for fastening members according to 1 or 2.

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