JP4351355B2 - Mooring device and installation method thereof - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a device for mooring a floating body to a dolphin through a buffer member and a method for installing the mooring device, and more particularly, a mooring device capable of mooring a relatively large floating body even with a relatively small buffer member. And its installation method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, as a land-based land-building method to replace landfill, large floating bodies called mega floats are joined offshore and moored on a steel jacket constructed offshore, building large structures such as floating airports. To be considered.
[0003]
As shown in FIG. 9, such a large floating body mooring device has a fender 11 made of a cylindrical rubber elastic body provided with a frame 12 around a dolphin 21 made of a steel pipe pile. The outside of the fender 11 is fixed to the mooring beam 22, the side wall 23 of the floating body and the guide frame 24. The mooring beam 22 is inserted into a fixed pin (not shown) of the guide frame 24 from above and is restrained by a fixed rope 25.
[0004]
That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the dolphin 21 is surrounded by the mooring beam 22, the floating side wall 23 and the guide frame 24 through the fenders 11 </ b> A, 11 </ b> B, 11 </ b> C, and 11 </ b> D of the buffer member, so 21 is moored as a reaction wall.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in such a conventional mooring device, the floating body is moored using only the compression reaction force of the fenders 11A to 11D, and therefore, as shown in FIG. Only the made fender 11A contributes to restraint of the floating body, and the other fenders 11B, 11C, and 11D become idle. Therefore, regardless of the number of fenders, there is a problem that all fenders must be very large so that only one fender can counter the fluctuation of the floating body.
[0006]
That is, for the fenders 11A to 11D, large fenders that can compress and absorb the floating body shaking force are required. Moreover, each fender must be individually designed and used according to the assumed floating body swinging force.
[0007]
Since the floating direction of the floating body changes depending on sea conditions, the mooring device is generally of the two-direction type shown in FIG. 10 (a type having a mooring force in the vertical and horizontal directions in the figure). In cases where the direction is limited, or in combination with the two-way type, a one-way type having a mooring force only in the vertical or left-right direction (a type in which a pair of opposing fenders are omitted from the two-way type in FIG. 10) is also used. The And in the conventional mooring apparatus, the large-sized fender which can carry out the compression absorption of the floating body rocking force independently about each of a pair of fender for the reason similar to said two-way type also for a one-way type is required. .
[0008]
Further, since only one end of the fender is fixed to the floating body and the other end is not supported at all, it is necessary to lift the tip of the fender with the chain 13 connected to the floating body so that the other end does not hang down.
[0009]
Therefore, the present invention provides a mooring device that can cope with mooring of a floating body used under various conditions by combining a small cushioning member, can be easily designed, and can omit a support chain, and an installation method thereof. It is intended to do.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a device for mooring a floating body to a dolphin through a buffer member, and a method for installing the mooring device, which are made to solve the above problems. At least a pair of cushioning members are disposed around each of the cushioning members, one end of each cushioning member being fixed to the floating body and a frame facing the dolphin provided at the other end, the frame being slidable with the dolphin. And the mooring device in which the frames of the pair of buffer members are connected to each other so as to surround the dolphin in an annular shape.
[0011]
That is, by connecting the frames of the buffer members arranged around the dolphin to each other, one buffer member is compressed, and at the same time, the other buffer member is pulled or sheared. Not only the tensile reaction force and the shear reaction force are used, but all the buffer members are effectively used.
[0012]
Preferably, the present invention relates to a mooring device made of a rubber elastic body in which the buffer member is elastically deformed to relieve stress. Further, the anchoring device in which the buffer members are arranged in two different directions of the dolphin and the frames of the adjacent buffer members are connected to each other, and the frames connected to each other are polygonal or circular as a whole It is what has made. Furthermore, it is preferable that the frame itself can float on the water surface.
[0013]
The second gist of the present invention is a method for installing the mooring device described above, in which the frame is attached to one of the buffer members fixed to the floating body in a state where the single frame is suspended alone, and then The present invention relates to a method of installing a mooring device that is connected to another frame attached to another buffer member so as to surround the dolphin.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the mooring apparatus according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, buffer members 1A, 1B, 1C, and 1D are arranged on the four circumferences of the dolphin 21, and the frame 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D are arranged. Adjacent ones are connected by a pin joint 3 to surround the dolphin 21 in a square shape. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, when a force in the direction in which the buffer member 1A is compressed acts, a tensile force acts on the buffer member 1B via the frames 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, and the buffer member A shearing force acts on 1C and 1D, and stresses generated in the four buffer members are comprehensively used for the mooring force.
[0015]
Therefore, all the buffer members can be used effectively, and an excellent mooring force can be obtained with a small buffer member. Moreover, by combining one type of buffer member in parallel and / or in series as necessary, it is possible to cope with mooring of a floating body used under various conditions, and the design of the buffer member itself and the mooring device as a whole becomes easy. . Furthermore, since the frame of the buffer member is connected to each other, the frame side of the buffer member does not hang down and the chain can be omitted.
[0016]
The mooring device of FIG. 1 can exert a mooring force against floating body swinging in any direction, but the buffer member only needs to exist in a direction in which the mooring force is required. One pair of the buffer members 1A and 1B or the buffer members 1C and 1D can be omitted from one mooring device. In this case, a pair of buffer members may be arranged on both sides of at least one direction of the dolphin.
[0017]
Here, the buffer members 1A, 1B, 1C, and 1D shown in FIG. 1 are made of a rubber elastic body having flanges at both ends of the cylinder, and have a constant reaction force. However, the buffer member is not limited to a cylindrical rubber elastic body that is horizontal, but can also be a vertically attached rubber elastic body that is concave in top view, an air bag, or the like.
[0018]
The frames 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D are receiving members that secure a contact area with the dolphin 21, and are flat and slidable with the dolphin 21. And although it is set as the structure which connected adjacent frames with the pin joint 3, this is for releasing the rotational force which acts on a connection part, and it can also be set as the structure fixed. In FIG. 1, the frames 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D are all separated from the dolphin 21 and are not in contact with each other. However, the frames 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D can be in contact with the dolphin 21 from the beginning.
[0019]
Further, since the frame shown in FIG. 1 is all made of a hollow welded steel plate and can float on the water surface itself, it not only facilitates the installation of the mooring device but also acts on the tip of the buffer member after installation. Gravitational force that is generated can be offset by the buoyancy of the frame, so that excessive stress can be prevented from acting on the buffer member.
[0020]
That is, when installing the mooring device, the frame is floated on the surface of the water alone and attached to the buffer member fixed to the floating body in that state, and then the frame attached to the buffer member so as to surround the dolphin 21 is attached. What is necessary is just to mutually connect. Therefore, the attachment of the frame and the buffer member becomes extremely easy, and an installation method having excellent workability, reliability, and economy can be obtained. Further, since the buoyancy acts on the frame even after the mooring device is installed, the buffer member on the frame side does not hang down, and the extra stress generated in the buffer member can be alleviated.
[0021]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a top view showing the above-described best mode of the present invention and is the most basic first example, but various variations are conceivable depending on the required mooring force and the like. That is, the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is a one-way type (a type having a mooring force only in the vertical direction in the drawing) in which the left and right buffer members of the dolphin in the first embodiment are omitted.
[0022]
In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, buffer members 1A and 1B made of a cylindrical rubber elastic body having frames on both sides of a steel pipe pile dolphin 21 are disposed, and the buffer member The mooring device is formed by enclosing the 1A side with a mooring beam 22 and the buffer member 1B side with a side wall 23 of the floating body. The frame 2A of the buffer member 1A and the frame 2B of the buffer member 1B are connected to each other by connection beams 4A and 4B. The mooring beam 22 is inserted into a fixed pin (not shown) of the guide frame 24 from above and is restrained by a fixed rope 25.
[0023]
Therefore, if the floating body swings toward the side wall 23 (lower side in FIG. 3), a compressive force acts on the buffer member 1A, and at the same time, a tensile force acts on the buffer member 1B via the connecting beam 4, and the dolphin 21 The mooring force acts on the floating body as a reaction wall.
[0024]
FIG. 4 is a top view showing a third embodiment of the present invention. Buffer members 1A, 1B, and 1C are arranged around a triangular dolphin 21, and the frames 2A, 2B, and 2C are connected to each other by a pin joint 3. They are connected to surround the dolphin 21 in a triangular shape. Accordingly, when a compressive force is applied to the buffer member 1A, the resultant force of the tensile force and the shear force is applied to the buffer member 1B and the buffer member 1C via the frames 2A, 2B, 2C, and the total of the respective reaction forces is moored. It becomes power. It should be noted that the frames connected to each other may form not only a quadrangular shape or a triangular shape as a whole, but also a polygonal shape of a pentagon or more. In this case, however, the outer shape of the dolphin 21 needs to be a polygonal shape.
[0025]
FIG. 5 is a top view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which the buffer member of the first embodiment is increased. That is, in order to cope with the case where the floating body swinging force in the vertical direction is very large, the buffer members 1A and 1B are formed by arranging two buffer members connected in series on the top and bottom of the dolphin 21 in two rows. In this way, it is possible to cope with the mooring of the floating body used under various conditions by simply increasing or decreasing one kind of buffer member, and the design of the buffer member itself and the entire mooring device becomes easy. In the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the individual buffer members constituting the buffer members 1A and 1B are smaller than the buffer members 1C and 1D, but all use the same buffer member. May be.
[0026]
FIG. 6 is a top view showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in which only the right and left buffer members of the dolphin in the fourth embodiment are omitted. That is, in FIG. 6, the buffer members exist only on the top and bottom of the dolphin 21, but the frames are on the top, bottom, left and right, and adjacent frames 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D are connected to each other so as to form a square shape as a whole. It is a thing. In this way, even when the floating body swings not only in the vertical direction of FIG. 6 but also in the horizontal direction, as shown in FIG. 7, the shearing force acts on the buffer members 1A and 1B via the frame, A mooring force associated with the shear stress is generated. In addition, the frames connected to each other may form not only a quadrangular shape as a whole but also a polygonal shape of a pentagon or more.
[0027]
FIG. 8 is a top view showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which buffer members 1A, 1B, 1C, and 1D are arranged around a circular dolphin 21, and semicircular frames 2A and 2B are connected to each other by a pin joint. 3 and the dolphin 21 is enclosed in a circular shape. Also in this case, any one of the compressive force, tensile force, shear force, or the resultant force of these two acts on the buffer members 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D according to the swinging direction of the floating body. Generates mooring force against
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the mooring device of the present invention, all the buffer members can be used effectively, and an excellent mooring force can be obtained with a small buffer member. Moreover, by combining one type of buffer member in parallel and / or in series as necessary, it is possible to cope with mooring of a floating body used under various conditions, and the design of the buffer member itself and the mooring device as a whole becomes easy. . Furthermore, the frame side of the buffer member does not hang down and the chain can be omitted.
[0029]
Moreover, according to the installation method of the mooring device of the present invention, the attachment of the frame and the buffer member becomes extremely easy, and the installation method can be made excellent in workability, reliability and economy.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a top view showing a first embodiment of a mooring apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view showing a state when the floating body is shaken in the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a top view showing a second embodiment of the mooring device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a top view showing a third embodiment of the mooring device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a top view showing a fourth embodiment of the mooring device of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a top view showing a fifth embodiment of the mooring device of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a top view showing a state when the floating body is shaken in the fifth embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a top view showing a sixth embodiment of the mooring device of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the mooring device.
FIG. 10 is a top view showing a conventionally known mooring device.
[Explanation of symbols]
1A, 1B, 1C, 1D ... Buffer members 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D ... Frame 3 ... Pin joints 4A, 4B ... Connecting beams 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D ... Fender 12 ... Frame 13 ... Chain 21 ... Dolphin 22 ... Mooring Beam 23 · Floating side wall 24 · Guide frame 25 · Fixed rope

Claims (8)

An apparatus for mooring a floating body to a dolphin through a buffer member, wherein at least a pair of buffer members are arranged around the dolphin, and each of the buffer members has one end fixed to the floating body and the other end facing the dolphin. A mooring device comprising a frame, wherein the frame is slidable with the dolphin, and the frames of the pair of cushioning members are connected so as to surround the dolphin in an annular shape. The mooring device according to claim 1, wherein the buffer member is made of a rubber elastic body that is elastically deformed to relieve stress. The mooring device according to claim 1, wherein a buffer member is disposed in each of two different directions of the dolphin. The mooring device according to claim 3, wherein frames of adjacent buffer members among the buffer members arranged in two different directions of the dolphin are connected to each other. The mooring device according to claim 4, wherein the frames connected to each other have a polygonal shape as a whole. The mooring device according to claim 4, wherein the frames connected to each other have a circular shape as a whole. The mooring device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the frame is floatable on the water surface itself. The mooring device installation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the frame is attached to one of the buffer members fixed to the floating body in a state where the single frame is floated independently, and then the dolphin is attached. A method for installing a mooring device, wherein the mooring device is connected to another frame attached to another buffer member so as to be enclosed.

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