JP4343724B2 - Humidity control wallpaper - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wallpaper having a humidity control function for adjusting a room to an appropriate humidity and having excellent dimensional stability with little dimensional change due to moisture absorption / release.

  Traditional Japanese houses have used wood or earth as a constituent material, and have realized a building with good dew-proofing properties due to the moisture absorption and desorption properties of the material itself. However, in recent years, the airtightness of buildings has been promoted, and materials that emphasize fire resistance and airtightness have come to be used. Since these materials do not have a moisture absorption / release function like that of wood or earth, condensation occurs due to temperature differences between the inside and outside of the room. In addition, the water generated in this way promotes the growth of mold and mites and causes adverse effects on the human body and living environment.

  In order to solve these problems, humidity-controlled building materials that can adjust the humidity in the room and obtain dew-proofing properties have been developed. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a humidity-controllable building material molded using cement or the like using zeolite that has been subjected to high-temperature activation treatment as a hygroscopic agent. Patent Document 2 describes a humidity control material fired using diatomaceous earth as a hygroscopic agent. Further, Patent Document 3 discloses that the specific surface area, pore radius, and pore volume of the moisture-conditioning building material are defined in order to improve the moisture absorption / release rate, which is a drawback of these.

  However, even though they have humidity control performance, the weight of the material itself is heavy, so a strong adhesive or paste that can withstand that weight is required when affixing to the wall. Since it is generally difficult to obtain the adhesive or the paste material, it is necessary to ask a contractor for the construction.

  Patent Document 4 describes a wallpaper using ultra-high water absorption fibers and deodorizing fibers in the core layer. It is described that by using an ultra-high water-absorbing fiber, it has high water absorption, high water absorption speed, water retention and moisture absorption / release characteristics, and can exhibit an excellent function as a humidity control material. However, the super-high water-absorbing fiber swells by absorbing water and cannot return to its original state, and is therefore unsuitable for use as wallpaper. Furthermore, since the dimensions change greatly due to moisture absorption and desorption, there is a possibility that a gap is formed immediately when used as wallpaper.

JP-A-3-109244 Japanese Patent No. 2651593 Japanese Patent No. 2948133 JP-A-8-131755

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, to provide a wallpaper that is excellent in indoor humidity control performance, excellent in dimensional stability after construction, and lightweight and easy to construct.

The above-mentioned problem consists of a three-layer structure of a moisture absorbing / releasing layer mainly composed of moisture absorbing / releasing fibers and heat-fusible fibers, and a front sheet and a back sheet sandwiching the moisture absorbing / releasing layer, and the heat in the moisture absorbing / releasing layer. a 10 to 70 wt% content of the fusible fibers, also the surface sheet has a moisture permeability or breathability, and to adhere to the whole and the moisture layer and the topsheet and the backsheet of It is solved by the humidity control wallpaper.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of condensation and keep the room at an appropriate humidity. Moreover, since it is excellent also in dimensional stability, the clearance gap which can be made to the joint after construction can also be suppressed. Furthermore, since it is lightweight, construction is easy.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is effective for use in prefabricated huts which are not only suitably used for ordinary houses but also have poor heat insulation properties used at construction sites and the like, and where condensation is frequently generated.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a humidity control wallpaper according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the humidity control wallpaper 1 of the present invention has a three-layer structure of a moisture absorbing / releasing layer 2, a top sheet 3 and a back sheet 4 sandwiching the moisture absorbing / releasing layer 2. If the top sheet 3 and the back sheet 4 are not present and the moisture absorbing / releasing layer 2 is exposed on the surface, stickiness is felt during moisture absorption, or moisture absorbing / releasing fibers are likely to fall off during moisture drying (drying).

  The moisture absorbing / releasing fibers used in the moisture absorbing / releasing layer 2 are fibers that absorb and release moisture according to the surrounding humidity environment. Preferably, the difference between the moisture absorption rate at 20 ° C. and 95% RH and the moisture absorption rate at 20 ° C. and 40% RH is 40% by weight or more. When the difference in moisture absorption is 40% by weight or more, moisture is quickly absorbed and released even in response to a sudden change in humidity, and the surroundings can be adjusted to an appropriate humidity. More preferably, the difference in moisture absorption is 60% by weight or more.

  The “moisture absorption rate” is a value obtained by dividing the difference between the weight when the fiber is allowed to stand for 24 hours to absorb moisture under each condition and the absolute dry mass of the fiber by the absolute dry mass of the fiber. It is. “RH” means “relative humidity”.

  Examples of the hygroscopic fiber having the above characteristics include a crosslinked polyacrylic acid sodium salt fiber, a fiber obtained by hydrolyzing the surface of the acrylic fiber by post-processing, and the like. These fibers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of commercially available hygroscopic fibers include Kanebo Gosei Co., Ltd., trade name “BEL OASIS”, Toyobo Co., Ltd., trade name “N-38”, and the like. In particular, Bel Oasis has a moisture absorption rate of 140% by weight at 20 ° C. and 95% RH, and a moisture absorption rate of 22% by weight at 40% RH. The difference exceeds 100% by weight, and the fiber has a moisture absorption rate and a moisture release rate. It is almost the same and can sufficiently cope with a sudden change in humidity.

  Although the content rate of the moisture absorption / release fiber in the moisture absorption / release layer 2 is arbitrary, it is preferably 20 to 90% by weight. Within this range, excellent moisture absorption and desorption performance is exhibited, and dimensional stability and strength can be used without problems. More preferably, it is 30 to 70% by weight.

  The heat-fusible fiber used in the moisture-absorbing / releasing layer 2 is a fiber containing a component that normally melts at 160 ° C. or less, preferably about 90 to 130 ° C. Preferably, a composite fiber composed of a fusion component having a lower melting point than one and a non-fusion component having a higher melting point than one is used. By using such heat-fusible fibers, the nonwoven fabric structure can be formed by adhering the fibers while maintaining an appropriate gap without using an adhesive.

  Examples of heat-fusible fibers preferably used in the present invention include a core using polyolefin or a copolyester having a melting point of 110 to 130 ° C. as a fusing component in the sheath part and polyolefin or polyethylene terephthalate as the non-fusing component in the core part. A sheath-type heat-fusible fiber is mentioned. Polyethylene is generally used for the polyolefin of the sheath and polypropylene is used for the polyolefin of the core component.

  Examples of commercially available heat-fusible fibers include Chisso Corporation, trade name “ESC”, Unitika Ltd., trade name “Melty”, and the like.

  The content of the heat-adhesive fiber in the moisture absorbing / releasing layer 2 needs to be in the range of 10 to 70% by weight. Within this range, high dimensional stability and strength can be obtained while maintaining excellent moisture absorption / release performance. If it is less than 10% by weight, the dimensional change due to moisture absorption and desorption becomes large. On the other hand, if it exceeds 70% by weight, the range covered with the heat-adhesive fiber where the surface of the hygroscopic fiber is melted becomes wide, and the hygroscopic performance is remarkably lowered. A preferred range is 30 to 60% by weight.

  For the moisture absorbing / releasing layer 2, fibers other than moisture absorbing / releasing fibers and heat-fusible fibers can also be used. These fiber types are not particularly limited. All fibers such as synthetic fibers, natural fibers, and regenerated fibers can be used. Moreover, each function can also be provided by using functional fibers, such as a hollow fiber, a flame-retardant fiber, a deodorizing fiber, and an anti-mold fiber. These fibers may be used in combination of two or more.

  Various additives such as powdered or granular flame retardants, deodorants, antibacterial agents, and fungicides can be added to the moisture absorption / release layer 2 as necessary.

  The materials of the top sheet 3 and the back sheet 4 are not particularly limited, but at least the top sheet 3 needs to be a moisture permeable or breathable sheet. As the sheet having moisture permeability used for the top sheet 3, for example, a moisture permeable film can be used. Further, as the sheet having air permeability, paper such as tissue, fabric such as woven or knitted fabric, and non-woven fabric can be used. On the other hand, in addition to using the same material as the top sheet 3 for the back sheet 4, a sheet having no moisture permeability or air permeability such as a film can be used. When a sheet having moisture permeability or air permeability is used only on the surface sheet 3 side, the surface sheet 3 side is set indoors.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the surface sheet 3 has moisture permeability waterproofness and / or water repellency. By having these functions, water can be prevented from entering the moisture absorbing / releasing layer 2. An example of a sheet having moisture permeability and waterproofness is a moisture permeable film. Examples of the sheet having water repellency include papers, woven and knitted fabrics, and non-woven fabrics that have been subjected to water repellency.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the topsheet 3 having moisture permeability or breathability has antifouling properties and / or wear resistance.

The humidity control wallpaper 1 of the present invention preferably has a basis weight in the range of 50 to 700 g / m ² . Within this range, the moisture absorption and release properties are excellent, and the weight is light and the handling properties are excellent. More preferably, it is 70-500 g / m < ² >.

  The humidity control wallpaper 1 of the present invention preferably has a thickness in the range of 0.3 to 3 mm. Within this range, the moisture absorption and desorption performance is not lowered due to an appropriate gap, and the thickness is thin and there is no sense of incongruity when it is attached to the wall. More preferably, it is 0.5-2 mm.

The humidity control wallpaper 1 of the present invention preferably has an apparent density in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 g / cm ³ . When it is within this range, an appropriate gap is obtained and the moisture absorption / release rate does not decrease. More preferably, it is 0.3-0.7 g / cm < ³ >.

The humidity control wallpaper 1 of the present invention includes, for example, a front sheet 3 and a back sheet after blending and opening the fibers used in the moisture absorbing / releasing layer 2, creating a web with a card machine, and performing needle punching to form a nonwoven fabric. how to 4 was laminated three-layer structure or by a means such as by laminating directly topsheet 3 and the backsheet 4 in the web produced by card machine, heat-treated, compressed with a roller in the heat treatment zone outlet, the whole It was adhered to and a method to (result each layer bonded to the entire surface) three-layer structure. Also, a three-layer structure can be produced in one step by the air array method. The air array method is preferred, and according to the air array method, it is easy to increase the mixing ratio even if the hygroscopic fiber has low strength.

As an example of the air lay method, a fiber mixture mainly composed of moisture absorbing / releasing fibers and heat-fusible fibers is continuously sprayed on a breathable top sheet 3 to form a moisture absorbing / releasing layer 2. Then, after the back sheet 4 is laminated to form a three-layer structure, heat and pressure treatment is performed to adhere between the fibers of the moisture absorbing / releasing layer 2 and between the moisture absorbing / releasing layer 2, the top sheet 3 and the back sheet 4 as a whole. The method of forming the humidity control wallpaper ( each layer adhere | attached over the whole surface) is mentioned.

  For bonding between the moisture absorbing / releasing layer 2 and the top sheet 3 and between the moisture absorbing / releasing layer 2 and the back sheet 4, a heat-fusible resin such as polyolefin or a thermoplastic resin may be used. Polyethylene is preferably used as the polyolefin.

  In the humidity control wallpaper 1 of the present invention, a cosmetic sheet having moisture permeability or breathability may be further laminated on the surface of the top sheet 3.

  The humidity control wallpaper 1 of the present invention may be further laminated with a backing paper on the surface of the back sheet for the purpose of improving workability. Examples of the backing paper include ordinary pulp paper, flame retardant pulp paper, processed pulp paper, inorganic synthetic paper, and nonwoven fabric.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, this invention is not limited to this.

[Example 1]
Polyethylene powder is spread on a polypropylene melt blown nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 15 g / m ² on a suction net with a basis weight of 8 g / m ^{2, and} a highly hygroscopic fiber “BEL OASIS” 10 dtex, 6 mm, produced by Kanebo Gosei Co., Ltd. Fibers blended with Chisso Co., Ltd. heat-fusible fiber “ESC” 4.4 dtex, 6 mm in a mixing ratio of 70:30 were laminated by the air lay method. Furthermore, after spraying polyethylene powder with a basis weight of 8 g / m ² on this, a polypropylene melt blown nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 15 g / m ² is laminated, heat-treated at 140 ° C., and further compressed with a roller at the heat treatment zone outlet. The whole was glued to make a humidity control wallpaper. The obtained humidity control wallpaper had a basis weight of 300 g / m ² , a thickness of 0.8 mm, and an apparent density of 0.375 g / cm ³ .

[Example 2]
A humidity control wallpaper was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mixing ratio of the high moisture absorbing / releasing fiber and the heat-fusible fiber was 50:50. The obtained humidity control wallpaper had a basis weight of 300 g / m ² , a thickness of 0.8 mm, and an apparent density of 0.375 g / cm ³ .

[Example 3]
Polyethylene powder is spread on a polypropylene melt blown nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 15 g / m ² on the suction net with a basis weight of 8 g / m ² . Fibers blended with Chisso Co., Ltd. heat-fusible fiber “ESC” 4.4 dtex, 6 mm and regular polyester 5.6 dtex, 6 mm in a mixing ratio of 30:30:40 were laminated by the air lay method. Furthermore, after spraying polyethylene powder with a basis weight of 8 g / m ² on this, a polypropylene film with a basis weight of 15 g / m ² is laminated, heat-treated at 140 ° C., and further compressed with a roller at the exit of the heat treatment zone. The whole was glued to make a humidity control wallpaper. The obtained humidity control wallpaper had a basis weight of 300 g / m ² , a thickness of 0.8 mm, and an apparent density of 0.375 g / cm ³ .

[Example 4]
A humidity control wallpaper was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the amount of the mixed cotton fiber used in the moisture absorbing / releasing layer was changed. The obtained humidity control wallpaper had a basis weight of 500 g / m ² , a thickness of 1.3 mm, and an apparent density of 0.385 g / cm ³ .

[Example 5]
A humidity control wallpaper was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the mixing ratio of the highly moisture-absorbing / releasing fiber, the heat-fusible fiber and the regular polyester was 20:30:50. The obtained humidity control wallpaper had a basis weight of 300 g / m ² , a thickness of 0.8 mm, and an apparent density of 0.375 g / cm ³ .

[Comparative Example 1]
A wallpaper was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mixing ratio of the highly moisture-absorbing / releasing fiber and the heat-fusible fiber was 20:80, and the final surface sheet was a polypropylene film having a basis weight of 15 g / m ² . The obtained wallpaper had a basis weight of 300 g / m ² , a thickness of 0.8 mm, and an apparent density of 0.375 g / cm ³ .

[Comparative Example 2]
A wallpaper was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the mixing ratio of the highly moisture-absorbing / releasing fiber, the heat-fusible fiber and the regular polyester was 30: 5: 65. The obtained wallpaper had a basis weight of 300 g / m ² , a thickness of 0.8 mm, and an apparent density of 0.375 g / cm ³ .

  Next, Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the moisture absorption / release performance, shrinkage rate and humidity control performance of the humidity control wallpaper of the present invention. In addition, the measuring method of each performance is shown below.

(Moisture absorption / release performance and shrinkage)
The sample cut to 200 mm × 200 mm is left overnight in an environment of 20 ° C. × 40% RH, then transferred to an environment of 20 ° C. × 95% RH, absorbed for 8 hours, and the sample weight (W ₁ ) is measured. Next, the sample is again transferred to an environment of 20 ° C. × 40% RH and allowed to dehumidify for 3 hours, and then the sample weight (W ₂ ) and the vertical and horizontal dimensions (L ₂ , B ₂ ) are measured. Finally, the absolute dry mass (W ₀ ) of the sample is measured, and the moisture absorption amount, moisture release amount, moisture absorption / release amount and shrinkage rate per 1 m ² are calculated from the following equations.

Moisture absorption (g / m ² ) = (W ₁ −W ₀ ) /0.04
Moisture release (g / m ² ) = (W ₂ −W ₀ ) /0.04
Moisture absorption / release (g / m ² ) = (Moisture absorption) − (Moisture release)
Shrinkage rate (%) = [400− (L ₂ + B ₂ )] / 400 × 100

(Humidity control performance)
A sealed container having a size of 300 mm (length) x 500 mm (width) x 350 mm (height), in which a sample cut in advance to a size of 400 mm x 200 mm is attached to the inner wall surface, is 30 ° C x 5
Leave in a constant temperature and humidity chamber adjusted to 0% RH for 6 hours with the lid open. Thereafter, a humidity recorder is put in the sealed container, the container is sealed, and left for 6 hours. Next, the ambient temperature of the sealed container is set to 10 ° C. and left for another 6 hours. Furthermore, 30 degreeC and 10 degreeC are repeated for 6 hours at a time, and the change of the relative humidity in an airtight container is measured. When the ambient temperature was 10 ° C., the case where the relative humidity in the sealed container was less than 70% RH was judged as ◎, the case where it was 70% RH or more and less than 80% RH was judged as ○, and the case where it was 80% RH or more was judged as ×.

  Examples 1 to 5 had high moisture absorption / release performance and showed excellent humidity control performance. Furthermore, the dimensional stability due to moisture absorption and desorption was also good.

  Although Comparative Example 1 had good dimensional stability, humidity control performance was obtained because the effect was hindered by the heat-fusible fiber despite the use of the same amount of moisture-absorbing / releasing fibers as Example 5. It was scarce.

  In Comparative Example 2, the humidity control performance was high, but the dimensional stability was poor.

  From this result, it was found that by adjusting the heat-fusible fiber to an appropriate mixing ratio, it is possible to obtain a wallpaper having excellent moisture conditioning performance and good dimensional stability without impairing the hygroscopic fiber performance. .

  The humidity control wallpaper of the present invention is used by being particularly attached to an indoor wall surface.

Sectional view of humidity control wallpaper according to this embodiment

Explanation of symbols

1 humidity control wallpaper 2 moisture absorption / release layer 3 surface sheet 4 back sheet

Claims (6)

It consists of a three-layer structure of a moisture absorbing / releasing layer mainly composed of moisture absorbing / releasing fibers and heat fusible fibers, and a front sheet and a back sheet sandwiching the moisture absorbing / releasing layer, and the heat fusible fibers in the moisture absorbing / releasing layer. wherein the content is 10 to 70 wt%, and the surface sheet has a moisture permeability or breathability, and that said Hygroscopic layer and the topsheet and backsheet is adhered to the entire Humidity control wallpaper.   The humidity control wallpaper according to claim 1, wherein the heat-fusible fiber is a composite fiber composed of a fusion component having a melting point lower than one and a non-fusion component having a melting point higher than one.   A core-sheath type heat-fusible fiber in which the heat-fusible fiber uses polyolefin as a fusing component as a fusing component or a copolyester having a melting point of 110 to 130 ° C. in the sheath part, and polyolefin or polyethylene terephthalate as a non-fusing component as the core part The humidity control wallpaper according to claim 2, wherein:   The humidity control wallpaper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surface sheet has waterproofness and / or water repellency.   The moisture-adjusting wallpaper according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the moisture-absorbing and releasing fibers are crosslinked polyacrylic acid sodium salt fibers. Basis weight wallpaper humidity control according to any one of claims 1~5 50~700g / ^{m 2,} and a thickness of 0.3 to 3 mm.

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