JP4341937B2 - Production method of vinyl acetate polymer - Google Patents

Production method of vinyl acetate polymer Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4341937B2
JP4341937B2 JP18715999A JP18715999A JP4341937B2 JP 4341937 B2 JP4341937 B2 JP 4341937B2 JP 18715999 A JP18715999 A JP 18715999A JP 18715999 A JP18715999 A JP 18715999A JP 4341937 B2 JP4341937 B2 JP 4341937B2
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Prior art keywords
polymerization
vinyl acetate
life
hours
ethylene
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JP2001011110A (en
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誠 国枝
邦芳 浅野
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Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/28Oxygen or compounds releasing free oxygen
    • C08F4/32Organic compounds
    • C08F4/38Mixtures of peroxy-compounds

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
  • Polymerization Catalysts (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、酢酸ビニル系重合体の製造法に関し、更に詳しくは、反応缶内壁へのスケールの発生(付着)が少なく、重合度のバラツキが少ない重合体が得られ、更には成形性に優れたエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物や水溶性に優れたポリビニルアルコールの原料となる酢酸ビニル系重合体の製造法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、ポリ酢酸ビニルやエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体等の酢酸ビニル系重合体を得るに当たっては、酢酸ビニル(モノマー)或いは該モノマーとエチレン等の共重合可能なモノマーとを重合溶媒と共に、重合(反応)缶内で加圧下で溶液重合、団塊重合、懸濁重合等の方法により重合されており、これらの重合法において、より良好な酢酸ビニル系重合体を得ることが検討されている。
例えば、特開昭58−198509号公報には、ゲル状物の発生の抑制を目的として、60℃における半減期が2時間以下のラジカル開始剤を使用することが記載され、また、特開平9−71620号公報には、最終的に着色が少なく、成形時にゲル状ブツの少ないエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物を得る目的で60℃のメタノール中での半減期が5時間以下の重合触媒を用いて重合後に共役ポリエン化合物を添加することが記載されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記の特開昭58−198509号公報開示技術や特開平9−71620号公報開示技術では、最近の市場の更なる品質向上及び品質の安定要求に対しては充分なものでなく、長期間で高品質なものが安定して製造できる酢酸ビニル系重合体の製造法が望まれるところであり、また、酢酸ビニルやエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体等の酢酸ビニル系重合体は、ポリビニルアルコールやエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物等の成形材料の重要な原料で、成形性に優れたポリビニルアルコールやエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物を得る上でも、良好な酢酸ビニルやエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体等の酢酸ビニル系重合体が望まれるところである。
すなわち、本発明は、重合時の反応缶内壁へのスケールの発生(付着)が少なく、重合度のバラツキが少ない重合体が得られ、更には成形性に優れたエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物や水溶性に優れたポリビニルアルコールの原料となる酢酸ビニル系重合体の製造法を目的とするものである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで、本発明者は上記の目的を達成するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、溶剤の存在下で酢酸ビニルモノマーを単独重合或いは他のモノマーと共重合して酢酸ビニル系重合体を製造するに当たり、半減期がn時間の重合触媒を用いて重合を開始し、次いで半減期がm時間の重合触媒を供給して重合を行い、かつn/mが10〜200であり、半減期がn時間の重合触媒100重量部に対して、半減期がm時間の重合触媒を1〜100重量部用いるとき、上記の目的を達成できることを見出して本発明を完成するに至った。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明の酢酸ビニル系重合体の製造法は、かかる重合体の重合(製造)時に、半減期の異なる重合触媒を2種用いることを最大の特徴とするもので、かかる触媒としては、ラジカル開始剤であれば特に制限なく、例えば2,2′−アゾビス−(2,4−ジメチルバレロニトリル)[半減期2.5時間]、ジメチル−2,2′−アゾビスイソブチレイト[半減期22時間]、2,2′−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル[半減期22時間]、2,2′−アゾビス−(4−メトキシ−2,4−ジメチルバレロニトリル)[半減期0.17時間]等のアゾ化合物、t−ブチルパーオキシネオデカノエート[半減期1.7時間]、t−ブチルパーオキシピバレ−ト[半減期4.8時間]、t−ヘキシルパーオキシピバレート[半減期3.7時間]等のパーオキシエステル類、ビス−(4−t−ブチルシクロヘキシル)パーオキシ−ジ−カーボネート[半減期0.66時間]、ジ−2−エチルヘキシルパーオキシ−ジ−カーボネート[半減期0.81時間]、ジ−イソプロピルパーオキシ−ジ−カーボネート[半減期0.60時間]、ジ−n−プロピルパーオキシジカーボネート[半減期0.70時間]等のパーオキシ−ジ−カーボネート類、ラウロイルパーオキサイド[半減期12時間]、アセチルパーオキサイド[半減期32時間]、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド[半減期60時間]、イソブチラルパーオキサイド[半減期0.27時間]等のジアシルパーオキシド類などの中から半減期の異なる2種を選択すればよい。
尚、ここで言う半減期とは、60℃のトルエン(アゾ化合物)またはベンゼン等の中で測定されるものである。
【0006】
かかる2種の重合触媒を用いた重合方法について、具体的に説明する。
本発明の重合方法は、酢酸ビニルモノマーの単独重合或いは他のモノマーとの共重合に利用することができ、かかる他のモノマーとしては、例えばエチレン、プロピレン、イソブチレン、α−オクテン、α−ドデセン、α−オクタデセン等のオレフィン類、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、クロトン酸、マレイン酸、無水マレイン酸、イタコン酸等の不飽和酸類あるいはその塩あるいはモノ又はジアルキルエステル等、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル等のニトリル類、アクリルアミド、メタクリルアミド等のアミド類、エチレンスルホン酸、アリルスルホン酸、メタアリルスルホン酸等のオレフィンスルホン酸あるいはその塩、アルキルビニルエーテル類、N−アクリルアミドメチルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライド、アリルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライド、ジメチルアリルビニルケトン、N−ビニルピロリドン、塩化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン、ポリオキシエチレン(メタ)アリルエーテル、ポリオキシプロピレン(メタ)アリルエーテルなどのポリオキシアルキレン(メタ)アリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレン(メタ)アクリレート、ポリオキシプロピレン(メタ)アクリレート等のポリオキシアルキレン(メタ)アクリレート、ポリオキシエチレン(メタ)アクリルアミド、ポリオキシプロピレン(メタ)アクリルアミド等のポリオキシアルキレン(メタ)アクリルアミド、ポリオキシエチレン(1−(メタ)アクリルアミド−1,1−ジメチルプロピル)エステル、ポリオキシエチレンビニルエーテル、ポリオキシプロピレンビニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアリルアミン、ポリオキシプロピレンアリルアミン、ポリオキシエチレンビニルアミン、ポリオキシプロピレンビニルアミン等を挙げることができる。
【0007】
本発明の重合は、溶媒中で行われるものであって、かかる重合時に用いる溶媒(重合溶媒)としては、炭素数4以下のアルコール又は炭素数4以下のアルコールを主とする混合溶媒が好適に用いられ、該アルコールとしては、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール等が挙げられるが、中でもメタノールが好適に用いられ、該溶媒の量としては、酢酸ビニル100重量部に対して、1〜80重量部(更には1〜60重量部)が好ましく、かかる溶媒の量が1重量部未満では、重合液粘度が高く除熱が難しくなって重合の制御が困難となり、逆に60重量部を越えると、得られる酢酸ビニル系重合体の重合度が低く、物性的に脆くなって好ましくない。
【0008】
重合を開始するにあたっては、酢酸ビニルモノマーまたは酢酸ビニルモノマーと他のモノマー、重合用溶媒、及び重合触媒を(重合)反応缶に仕込むのであるが、本発明においては、半減期の異なる2種の重合触媒を分けて時差をつけて仕込む
【0009】
本発明においては、半減期の長い重合触媒の半減期時間(n)と半減期の短い重合触媒の半減期時間(m)との半減期の比(n/m)が10以上(更には30以上、特には50以上)になるように2種の重合触媒を選択する。かかる比が10未満では反応缶内のスケール発生によるゲル状物の生成が起こったり、ケン化後の成形性の向上が望めず好ましくない。かかる半減期の比(n/m)の上限については、半減期の長い重合触媒の使用量を考慮すれば、200程度を上限とする。また、2種の重合触媒のそれぞれの仕込量は、半減期の長い重合触媒100重量部に対して、半減期の短い重合触媒が1〜100重量部(更には1〜50重量部、特には10〜50重量部が好ましい)である。半減期の短い重合触媒が1重量部未満では半減期の長い重合触媒1種類のみの反応とかわらず、併用の効果が発現されず、逆に100重量部を越えると重合の制御が困難な上に、反応缶内にスケールが発生しやすくなって好ましくない。また、重合触媒の総仕込量は酢酸ビニルモノマー100重量部に対して、0.001〜0.2重量部(更には0.002〜0.2重量部、特には0.002〜0.1重量部)が好ましく、かかる総仕込量が0.001重量部未満では触媒効率が悪く反応時間が長く生産性が悪くなったり、反応が進まなくなったりすることが起こり、逆に0.2重量部を越えると重合制御が困難となったり、重合終了後も触媒が残存して後重合を起こすことがあり好ましくない。
【0010】
上記の重合触媒を仕込むにあたっては、最初に半減期が長い重合触媒を仕込んで、その後半減期が短い重合触媒を仕込むその間隔はそれぞれの半減期にもより一概に言えないが、重合率で見合いで仕込むことが重合の制御面や品質の安定化の点で好ましい。また、本発明においては、3種以上の重合触媒を使用することも可能で、その時は、半減期の長い重合触媒から順に仕込んでいけばよい。また、上記の方法はバッチ重合で好適に行うことができるが、連続重合においても実施は可能で、その時は2缶反応とし、1缶目に半減期の長い触媒を、2缶目に半減期の短い触媒を仕込んで反応させればよい。
【0011】
かくして、重合缶内に酢酸ビニルモノマーまたは酢酸ビニルモノマーと他のモノマー、重合用溶媒、及び重合触媒が仕込まれて重合が始まるわけであるが、重合温度は特に限定されないが、通常は50〜70℃(更には55〜80℃)が好ましく、かかる温度が40℃未満では重合に長時間を要し、生産性の面で問題であり、重合触媒が多く残存して後重合を起こしやすく、逆に80℃を越えると重合制御が困難となり好ましくない。また、重合終了まで一定温度で重合する必要はなく、触媒の追加仕込とともに変更してもかまわない。
【0012】
また、重合時間は、回分式の場合、4〜20時間(更には6〜12時間)が好ましく、該重合時間が4時間未満では高生産性(高重合率)を得ようとすると重合制御が難しくなり、逆に20時間を越えると生産性の面で問題があり好ましくない。連続式の場合、重合缶内での平均滞留時間は2〜10時間(更には2〜8時間)が好ましく、該滞留時間が2時間未満では高生産性(高重合率)を得ようとすると重合制御が難しくなり、10時間を越えると生産性の面で問題があり好ましくない。
【0013】
重合率は、生産性の面から重合制御が可能な範囲でできるだけ高く設定され、好ましくは20〜90%である。該重合率が20%未満では、生産性も面や未重合の酢酸ビニルが多量に存在する等の問題があり、逆に90%越えると重合制御が困難となり好ましくない。
【0014】
更に、重合時に、ジメチルアセタールを共存させることも好ましく、より長時間品質の安定化がはかれる。かかるジメチルアセタールの共存量は特に限定されないが、酢酸ビニルモノマー0.001〜10重量%(更には0.01〜7重量%、特に0.1〜5重量%)とすることが好ましく、かかる共存量が0.001重量%未満では効果が発現されず、逆に10重量%を越えると高重合度のものを得ることが困難となり好ましくない。
【0015】
かかるジメチルアセタールの添加方法としては、例えば、そのまま重合系に添加する方法、重合に用いる触媒に予め溶かしてから重合系に添加する方法、重合されるモノマーに予め添加しておく方法、モノマーと溶媒と同時に一括で重合系に添加する方法等の方法が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
【0016】
かくして本発明の製造法でスケールの発生が少なく、長期間品質が安定した酢酸ビニル系重合体が得られるわけであるが、かかる酢酸ビニル系重合体としては、具体的にポリ酢酸ビニル、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体等を挙げることができ、これらは、接着剤、粘着剤、塗料、繊維・織物の加工剤、紙・皮革の加工剤、各種材料のバインダー、セメント・モルタルの混和液等に利用され、特にポリビニルアルコールやエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物の原料としても有用であり、かかるエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物の製造法について以下説明する。
【0017】
尚、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物の原料に用いる場合のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体のエチレン含有量は、10〜60モル%(更には20〜55モル%)が好ましく、かかる含有量が10モル%未満では、得られるエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体のケン化物を溶融成形する場合、溶融成形性が低下すると共に、溶融成形物の高湿時のガスバリア性が大きく低下し、逆に60モル%を越えると、該ケン化物を溶融成形した場合、得られる成形物の機械的強度及びガスバリア性が充分でなく好ましくない。かかるエチレン含量は、本発明の製造法において、重合缶内のエチレン圧等によりコントロールすればよい。
【0018】
本発明の製造法で得られたエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体はケン化され、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物になるのであるが、かかるケン化反応は、ケン化触媒の共存下に実施される。
【0019】
ケン化に当たっては、上記エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体を、アルコール(通常メタノールが用いられる)又はアルコール含有媒体中に通常30〜60重量%程度の濃度になる如く溶解し、アルカリ触媒(通常水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウムなどのアルカリ金属水酸化物が用いられる)を添加して40〜140℃の温度でケン化反応せしめる。
【0020】
かかるケン化によりエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物の酢酸ビニル成分のケン化度は80〜100モル%(更に90〜100モル%、特に95〜100モル%)とすることが好ましく、かかるケン化度が80モル%未満の場合、該エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物を用いて溶融成形する場合の熱安定性が悪くなるとともに、該ケン化物の機械的強度やガスバリア性が大きく低下してしまい好ましくない。
【0021】
次に上記で得られたエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物のアルコール溶液は、そのままでもよいが、好ましくは、直接水を加えるか、水を加えてから該ケン化物のアルコール溶液を適宜濃度調整して、アルコール/水溶液としてストランド製造用の溶液とした後、水又は水/アルコール(混合)溶液等の凝固浴中にストランド状に押し出して析出させるのである。
【0022】
そして、析出させたストランドは次に切断されてペレット状となり、次いで水洗される。かかる水洗したペレットは酸及び/又はそれらの塩類等の薬剤の水溶液中に浸漬させる等の方法で化学処理されることが好ましく、かかる薬剤としては、ギ酸、酢酸、アジピン酸、リン酸、ホウ酸あるいはそれらの塩類等が挙げられ、より好ましくは酢酸が用いられる。
【0023】
上記で得られたペレットは溶融成形されて所望する成形物に成形されるのであるが、溶融成形に際しての温度条件としては160〜260℃程度とするのが望ましい。成形に際しては必要に応じガラス繊維、炭素繊維などの補強材、フィラー、着色剤、ハイドロタルサイトなどの安定剤、発泡剤、乾燥剤などの公知の添加剤を適当配合することもある。又、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物には改質用の熱可塑性樹脂を適当量配合することもできる。
【0024】
溶融成形法としては射出成形法、圧縮成形法、押出成形法など任意の成形法が採用できる。このうち押出成形法としてはT−ダイ法、中空成形法、パイプ押出法、線条押出法、異形ダイ押出法、インフレーション法などが挙げられるが、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物単独の成形物(フィルム、シート、テープ、ボトル、パイプ、フィラメント、異型断面押出物など)のみならず、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物層と他の熱可塑性樹脂層との共押出成形も可能である。
【0025】
また、ポリ酢酸ビニルからポリビニルアルコールを得るにあたっては、ポリ酢酸ビニルをケン化すれば良く、ケン化に当たっては、ポリ酢酸ビニルをアルコールに溶解しアルカリ触媒の存在下に行なわれる。アルコールとしてはメタノール、エタノール、ブタノール等が挙げられる。
【0026】
アルコール中の共重合体の濃度は20〜50重量%の範囲から選ばれる。ケン化触媒としては水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、ナトリウムメチラート、ナトリウムエチラート、カリウムメチラート等のアルカリ金属の水酸化物やアルコラートの如きアルカリ触媒を用いることが必要である。かかる触媒の使用量は酢酸ビニルに対して1〜100ミリモル当量にすることが必要である。
【0027】
かかる場合、ケン化温度は特に制限はないが、通常は10〜70℃、更には30〜50℃の範囲から選ぶのが好ましい。反応は通常0.5〜3時間にわたって行なわれ、好ましいケン化度は10〜100モル%で、特に好ましくは50〜100モル%、殊に好ましくは70〜100モル%の範囲から選択される。
【0028】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明する。
尚、実施例中、「部」、「%」とあるのは、特に断りのない限り重量基準である。
【0029】
実施例1
酢酸ビニルモノマー100部に対して、重合触媒としてアセチルパーオキサイド[半減期32時間]を0.025部の割合になるように、容量10lの撹拌機付き重合缶に仕込んで、以下の条件でエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体のバッチ重合を開始した。重合率が40%になった時点でジ−n−プロピルパーオキシジカーボネート[半減期0.70時間]を酢酸ビニルモノマー100部に対して0.003部の割合になるように重合を継続した。
モノマーの仕込み量 4000g
重合溶媒(メタノール)の仕込み量 320g
ジメチルアセタール 20g
重合温度 60℃
エチレン圧 3.9MPa
重合時間 7hr
【0030】
得られたエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体のエチレン含量は33モル%で、酢酸ビニルの重合率は55%であった。
上記の条件で、15バッチ連続して重合を行ったが、重合缶内にスケールの付着は全く見られなかった。
【0031】
上記で得られたエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体を50%含むメタノール溶液100部に、酢酸ビニル基に対して0.017当量のNaOHを含有するメタノール溶液150部を供給し、120〜130℃、圧力0.39MPaで30分間ケン化反応を行って、ケン化度99.8%のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物(EVOH)のメタノール溶液を得た。次に該EVOHのメタノール溶液に共沸化で、含水率62.5%のメタノール水溶液60部を供給し、100〜110℃、圧力0.29MPaでEVOHのメタノール/水溶液中の樹脂濃度が40%になるまでメタノールを留出させ、透明なメタノール/水均一溶液を得た。続いて得られたEVOHのメタノール/水溶液を水/メタノール(重合比=95/5)よりなる凝固槽にストランド状に押出して切断しペレット状とし、該ペレットを水洗した後、0.1%酢酸水溶液で4時間攪拌した後、122℃の窒素ガスで18時間乾燥して、含水率0.2%のEVOHペレットを得た。
得られたEVOHをTダイを備えた単軸押出機に供給し、下記の条件で、厚さ120μmのEVOHフィルムの成形を行って、下記の要領でフィッシュアイ及びネックインの評価を行った。
【0032】

Figure 0004341937
【0033】
(フィッシュアイ)
得られたEVOHフィルムの10cm×10cm単位面積当たりの0.1mm以上のフィッシュアイの数を調べて、以下の様に評価した。
○ −−− 0〜9個
△ −−− 10〜30個
× −−− 30個以上
【0034】
(ネックイン)
ネックインとはTダイから溶融樹脂が流れ出る際にダイ巾よりフィルム(溶融樹脂巾)が小さくなる現象で、差が小さいほどネックインは良好であり、その様子を目視観察して、以下の様に評価した。
(良)◎>○>△>×(悪)
また、上記で得られたエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体の平均重合度をバッチ毎に測定し、そのバラツキを最大値と最小値の差で、以下の様に評価した。
【0035】
(重合度バラツキ)
○ −−− 20未満
△ −−− 20〜50未満
× −−− 50以上
【0036】
実施例2
酢酸ビニルモノマー100部に対して、重合触媒として2,2´−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル[半減期22時間]を0.0065部の割合になるように、容量10lの撹拌機付き重合缶に仕込んで、以下の条件でエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体のバッチ重合を開始した。重合率が40%になった時点で2,2´−アゾビス−(4−メトキシ−2,4−ジメチルバレロニトリル)[半減期0.17時間]を酢酸ビニルモノマー100部に対して0.005部の割合になるように重合を継続した。
モノマーの仕込み量 4000g
重合溶媒(メタノール)の仕込み量 320g
重合温度 60℃
エチレン圧 3.9MPa
重合時間 6hr
【0037】
得られたエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体のエチレン含量は33モル%で、酢酸ビニルの重合率は55%であった。
上記の条件で、15バッチ連続して重合を行ったが、重合缶内にスケールの付着は全く見られなかった。
上記で得られたエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体を用いて、実施例1と同様にエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物を得て、同様に評価を行った。
【0038】
実施例3
酢酸ビニルモノマー100部に対して、重合触媒としてアセチルパーオキサイド[半減期32時間]を0.048部の割合になるように、容量10lの撹拌機付き重合缶に仕込んで、以下の条件でポリ酢酸ビニルのバッチ重合を開始した。重合率50%になった時点でにジ−n−プロピルパーオキシジカーボネート[半減期0.70時間]を酢酸ビニルモノマー100部に対して0.004部の割合になるように重合を継続した。
モノマーの仕込み量 3000g
重合溶媒(メタノール)の仕込み量 840g
ジメチルアセタール 90g
重合温度 60℃
重合時間 7hr
【0039】
得られたポリ酢酸ビニルの重合率は88%であった。
上記の条件で、15バッチ連続して重合を行ったが、重合缶内にスケールの付着は全く見られなかった。
上記で得られたポリ酢酸ビニルを酢酸ビニルの追出塔の上部から供給し、塔底部よりメタノールを供給して、頭頂部より未反応の酢酸ビニルを追い出し、ポリ酢酸ビニルメタノール溶液とし、水酸化ナトリウムを加えて40℃でケン化し、105℃で乾燥して、ケン化度99.5モル%のポリビニルアルコールを得て、以下の要領で、水への溶解性とバッチ間の(平均)重合度のバラツキの評価を行った。
【0040】
(溶解性)
得られたポリビニルアルコール10部と水90部をビーカーに入れて30℃で30分間攪拌した(スターラー回転速度60rpm)後、温度90℃にして同じく30分間攪拌して未溶解物の有無を目視観察して、以下の通り評価した。
○ −−− 未溶解物は全く認められない
△ −−− 微粒子状の未溶解物が認められる
× −−− 未溶解物のゲルが認められる
【0041】
(重合度バラツキ)
実施例1と同様にポリ酢酸ビニルについて評価をした。
【0042】
比較例1
実施例1において、重合触媒のジ−n−プロピルパーオキシジカーボネート[半減期0.70時間]を併用しなかった以外は同様に行って、エチレン含量33モル%、酢酸ビニルの重合率55%のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体を得たが、10バッチの連続運転後に重合缶内には多量のスケールの付着が見られた。
また、上記で得られたエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体を用いて、実施例1と同様にエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物を得て、同様に評価を行った。
【0043】
比較例2
実施例3において、重合触媒のジ−n−プロピルパーオキシジカーボネート[半減期0.70時間]を併用しなかった以外は同様に行って、酢酸ビニルの重合率88%のポリ酢酸ビニルを得たが、15バッチの連続運転後に重合缶内には多量のスケールの付着が見られた。
また、上記で得られたポリ酢酸ビニルを用いて実施例3と同様にケン化度99.5モル%のポリビニルアルコールを得て同様に評価を行った。
実施例及び比較例の評価結果を表1に示す。
【0044】
【表1】
Figure 0004341937
【0045】
【発明の効果】
本発明の製造方法によると、重合時に半減期の異なる2種の重合触媒を用いているため、重合(反応)缶内部のスケール付着が少なく、重合度のバラツキが少ない重合体が得られ、更には成形性に優れたエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物や水溶性に優れたポリビニルアルコールの原料となる酢酸ビニル系重合体を得ることができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a vinyl acetate polymer, and more specifically, a polymer with little generation (adhesion) of scale on the inner wall of a reaction can, a variation in the degree of polymerization, and excellent moldability. The present invention also relates to a method for producing a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and a vinyl acetate polymer used as a raw material for polyvinyl alcohol having excellent water solubility.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in order to obtain a vinyl acetate polymer such as polyvinyl acetate or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl acetate (monomer) or the monomer and a copolymerizable monomer such as ethylene are polymerized together with a polymerization solvent. (Reaction) Polymerization is carried out by a method such as solution polymerization, nodule polymerization, suspension polymerization or the like under pressure in a can. In these polymerization methods, it has been studied to obtain a better vinyl acetate polymer.
For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-198509 describes that a radical initiator having a half-life of 2 hours or less at 60 ° C. is used for the purpose of suppressing the formation of gel-like materials. No. -71620 discloses a polymerization catalyst having a half-life of 5 hours or less in methanol at 60 ° C. for the purpose of obtaining a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer that is finally less colored and less gelled during molding. Is used to add a conjugated polyene compound after polymerization.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the technology disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-198509 and the technology disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-71620 are not sufficient for the recent demand for further quality improvement and quality stability. There is a demand for a method for producing a vinyl acetate polymer that can stably produce a high-quality product over a period of time, and vinyl acetate polymers such as vinyl acetate and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer are used as polyvinyl alcohol and It is an important raw material for molding materials such as saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. Good vinyl acetate and ethylene-vinyl acetate are also used to obtain saponified polyvinyl alcohol and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer with excellent moldability. Vinyl acetate polymers such as copolymers are desired.
That is, the present invention provides an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer ken that is capable of producing a polymer with little generation (adhesion) of scale on the inner wall of the reaction can during polymerization and little variation in the degree of polymerization. The object of the present invention is to produce a vinyl acetate polymer which is a raw material for a chemical compound or a polyvinyl alcohol having excellent water solubility.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, as a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventor has produced a vinyl acetate polymer by homopolymerizing a vinyl acetate monomer or copolymerizing with another monomer in the presence of a solvent. , Polymerization is started using a polymerization catalyst having a half-life of n hours, then polymerization is performed by supplying a polymerization catalyst having a half-life of m hours, and n / m is 10 to 200, and the half-life is n hours. When 1 to 100 parts by weight of a polymerization catalyst having a half-life of m hours is used with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymerization catalyst of the present invention, the inventors have found that the above-mentioned object can be achieved and have completed the present invention.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is described in detail below.
The method for producing a vinyl acetate polymer of the present invention is characterized by the use of two types of polymerization catalysts having different half-lives when polymerizing (manufacturing) such a polymer. If it is a chemical | medical agent, there will be no restriction | limiting in particular, For example, 2,2'-azobis- (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) [half-life 2.5 hours], dimethyl-2,2'-azobisisobutyrate [half-life 22 Time], 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile [half-life 22 hours], 2,2'-azobis- (4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) [half-life 0.17 hours], etc. Azo compounds, t-butylperoxyneodecanoate [half-life 1.7 hours], t-butylperoxypivalate [half-life 4.8 hours], t-hexylperoxypivalate [half-life 3.7 hours] Xyesters, bis- (4-t-butylcyclohexyl) peroxy-di-carbonate [half-life 0.66 hours], di-2-ethylhexyl peroxy-di-carbonate [half-life 0.81 hours], di- Peroxy-di-carbonates such as isopropyl peroxy-dicarbonate [half-life 0.60 hours], di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate [half-life 0.70 hours], lauroyl peroxide [half-life 12 hours ], Acetyl peroxide [half life 32 hours], benzoyl peroxide [half life 60 hours], isobutyl peroxide [half life 0.27 hours], etc. Select a seed.
In addition, the half-life said here is measured in 60 degreeC toluene (azo compound) or benzene.
[0006]
A polymerization method using these two kinds of polymerization catalysts will be specifically described.
The polymerization method of the present invention can be used for homopolymerization of vinyl acetate monomer or copolymerization with other monomers. Examples of such other monomers include ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, α-octene, α-dodecene, Olefins such as α-octadecene, unsaturated acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid or salts thereof, mono- or dialkyl esters, nitriles such as acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, etc. Amides such as acrylamide and methacrylamide, olefin sulfonic acids such as ethylene sulfonic acid, allyl sulfonic acid and methallyl sulfonic acid or salts thereof, alkyl vinyl ethers, N-acrylamidomethyltrimethylammonium chloride, allyltrimethyl Polyoxyalkylene (meth) allyl ethers such as ammonium chloride, dimethylallyl vinyl ketone, N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, polyoxyethylene (meth) allyl ether, polyoxypropylene (meth) allyl ether, polyoxyethylene Polyoxyalkylene (meth) acrylates such as (meth) acrylate and polyoxypropylene (meth) acrylate, polyoxyalkylene (meth) acrylamides such as polyoxyethylene (meth) acrylamide and polyoxypropylene (meth) acrylamide, polyoxyethylene (1- (meth) acrylamide-1,1-dimethylpropyl) ester, polyoxyethylene vinyl ether, polyoxypropylene vinyl ether, polyoxyethylene Riruamin, polyoxypropylene allylamine, polyoxyethylene vinylamine, mention may be made of polyoxypropylene vinyl amine.
[0007]
The polymerization of the present invention is carried out in a solvent, and as the solvent (polymerization solvent) used in the polymerization, an alcohol having 4 or less carbon atoms or a mixed solvent mainly containing an alcohol having 4 or less carbon atoms is preferably used. Examples of the alcohol include methanol, ethanol, propanol, etc. Among them, methanol is preferably used. The amount of the solvent is 1 to 80 parts by weight (more 1 to 60 parts by weight) is preferable. If the amount of the solvent is less than 1 part by weight, the viscosity of the polymerization solution is high and it is difficult to remove the heat, so that the control of the polymerization becomes difficult. The degree of polymerization of the vinyl acetate polymer is low, and the physical properties become brittle.
[0008]
In starting the polymerization, a vinyl acetate monomer or a vinyl acetate monomer and another monomer, a solvent for polymerization, and a polymerization catalyst are charged into a (polymerization) reaction can. In the present invention, two kinds of half-life are different. Charge the polymerization catalyst with a time difference .
[0009]
In the present invention, the half-life ratio (n / m) between the half-life time (n) of the polymerization catalyst having a long half-life and the half-life time (m) of the polymerization catalyst having a short half-life is 10 or more (or 30 or more, and particularly you select two polymerization catalyst to be 50 or higher). If the ratio is less than 10, it is not preferable because a gel-like product is generated due to generation of scale in the reaction can, and improvement in moldability after saponification cannot be expected. The upper limit of the ratio of such half-life (n / m) is, considering the amount of long polymerization catalyst half-life, you the extent 200 and an upper limit. The amount of each of the two kinds of polymerization catalysts is 1 to 100 parts by weight (more preferably 1 to 50 parts by weight, particularly 1 to 50 parts by weight of the polymerization catalyst having a short half-life with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymerization catalyst having a long half-life. 10 to 50 parts by weight is preferable). If the polymerization catalyst with a short half-life is less than 1 part by weight, the effect of the combined use is not manifested regardless of the reaction of only one kind of polymerization catalyst with a long half-life. Conversely, if the polymerization catalyst exceeds 100 parts by weight, it is difficult to control the polymerization. In addition, it is not preferable because scale is easily generated in the reaction can. The total amount of the polymerization catalyst is 0.001 to 0.2 parts by weight (more preferably 0.002 to 0.2 parts by weight, particularly 0.002 to 0.1 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the vinyl acetate monomer. When the total charge is less than 0.001 part by weight, the catalyst efficiency is poor, the reaction time is long, the productivity may be deteriorated, and the reaction may not proceed. If it exceeds 1, the polymerization control becomes difficult, or the catalyst may remain after the completion of the polymerization to cause subsequent polymerization.
[0010]
In charging the polymerization catalyst, a polymerization catalyst having a long half-life is first charged, and then a polymerization catalyst having a short half-life is charged . Although the interval cannot be generally described for each half-life, it is preferable to charge in proportion to the polymerization rate in terms of polymerization control and stabilization of quality. Moreover, in this invention, it is also possible to use 3 or more types of polymerization catalysts, and what is necessary is just to prepare in order from the polymerization catalyst with a long half-life at that time. In addition, the above method can be suitably carried out by batch polymerization, but it can also be carried out in continuous polymerization. At that time, a two-can reaction is performed, and a catalyst having a long half-life is formed in the first can and a half-life is formed in the second can. The reaction may be carried out by charging a short catalyst.
[0011]
Thus, vinyl acetate monomer or vinyl acetate monomer and other monomer, polymerization solvent, and polymerization catalyst are charged in the polymerization can, and the polymerization starts, but the polymerization temperature is not particularly limited, but usually 50 to 70. ° C (further 55 to 80 ° C) is preferable. If the temperature is less than 40 ° C, it takes a long time for the polymerization, which is a problem in terms of productivity. If it exceeds 80 ° C., polymerization control becomes difficult, which is not preferable. Moreover, it is not necessary to polymerize at a constant temperature until the end of the polymerization, and it may be changed as the catalyst is added.
[0012]
In the case of a batch system, the polymerization time is preferably 4 to 20 hours (more preferably 6 to 12 hours), and if the polymerization time is less than 4 hours, polymerization control can be achieved if high productivity (high polymerization rate) is to be obtained. Conversely, if it exceeds 20 hours, there is a problem in terms of productivity, which is not preferable. In the case of the continuous type, the average residence time in the polymerization can is preferably 2 to 10 hours (more preferably 2 to 8 hours), and if the residence time is less than 2 hours, high productivity (high polymerization rate) is obtained. Polymerization control becomes difficult, and if it exceeds 10 hours, there is a problem in productivity, which is not preferable.
[0013]
The polymerization rate is set as high as possible within the range in which polymerization can be controlled from the viewpoint of productivity, and is preferably 20 to 90%. If the polymerization rate is less than 20%, there are problems such as productivity and the presence of a large amount of unpolymerized vinyl acetate. Conversely, if it exceeds 90%, polymerization control becomes difficult, which is not preferable.
[0014]
Furthermore, it is also preferable to coexist dimethyl acetal at the time of polymerization, and the quality can be stabilized for a longer time. The coexistence amount of such dimethyl acetal is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.001 to 10% by weight of vinyl acetate monomer (more preferably 0.01 to 7% by weight, particularly 0.1 to 5% by weight). If the amount is less than 0.001% by weight, the effect is not exhibited. Conversely, if it exceeds 10% by weight, it is difficult to obtain a polymer having a high degree of polymerization, which is not preferable.
[0015]
Examples of the method for adding dimethyl acetal include a method of adding it to a polymerization system as it is, a method of adding it to a polymerization system after dissolving it in a catalyst used for polymerization, a method of adding it to a monomer to be polymerized in advance, a monomer and a solvent At the same time, methods such as a method of adding to the polymerization system all at once can be mentioned, but the method is not limited thereto.
[0016]
Thus, in the production method of the present invention, a vinyl acetate polymer having little generation of scale and stable quality for a long time can be obtained. Specific examples of such a vinyl acetate polymer include polyvinyl acetate, ethylene- Examples include vinyl acetate copolymers, such as adhesives, pressure-sensitive adhesives, paints, textile / textile processing agents, paper / leather processing agents, binders for various materials, cement / mortar admixtures, etc. In particular, it is also useful as a raw material for polyvinyl alcohol and saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and a method for producing such a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer will be described below.
[0017]
In addition, the ethylene content of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer when used as a raw material for the saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is preferably 10 to 60 mol% (more preferably 20 to 55 mol%). Is less than 10 mol%, when melt-molding the saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer obtained, the melt moldability is lowered and the gas barrier property of the melt-formed product at high humidity is greatly reduced. When it exceeds 60 mol%, when the saponified product is melt-molded, the mechanical strength and gas barrier properties of the obtained molded product are not sufficient, which is not preferable. The ethylene content may be controlled by the ethylene pressure in the polymerization can in the production method of the present invention.
[0018]
The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer obtained by the production method of the present invention is saponified to become a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. Such saponification reaction is carried out in the presence of a saponification catalyst. Is done.
[0019]
In the saponification, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is dissolved in an alcohol (usually methanol is used) or an alcohol-containing medium to a concentration of about 30 to 60% by weight, and an alkali catalyst (usually hydroxylated) is used. Saponification reaction is performed at a temperature of 40 to 140 ° C. by adding an alkali metal hydroxide such as sodium or potassium hydroxide.
[0020]
By such saponification, the saponification degree of the vinyl acetate component of the saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is preferably 80 to 100 mol% (further 90 to 100 mol%, particularly 95 to 100 mol%). When the degree of conversion is less than 80 mol%, the thermal stability in melt molding using the saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is deteriorated, and the mechanical strength and gas barrier properties of the saponified product are greatly reduced. This is not preferable.
[0021]
Next, the alcohol solution of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer saponified product obtained above may be used as it is, but preferably, water is added directly or after adding water, the concentration of the saponified alcohol solution is adjusted appropriately. Then, after forming a solution for producing a strand as an alcohol / water solution, the solution is extruded into a strand form in a coagulation bath such as water or a water / alcohol (mixed) solution and deposited.
[0022]
The precipitated strand is then cut into pellets and then washed with water. Such water-washed pellets are preferably chemically treated by a method such as immersion in an aqueous solution of a drug such as acid and / or salts thereof, such as formic acid, acetic acid, adipic acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid. Alternatively, salts thereof may be mentioned, and acetic acid is more preferably used.
[0023]
The pellets obtained as described above are melt-molded and formed into a desired molded product. The temperature condition during melt-molding is preferably about 160 to 260 ° C. In molding, a known additive such as a reinforcing material such as glass fiber and carbon fiber, a filler, a colorant, a stabilizer such as hydrotalcite, a foaming agent, and a desiccant may be appropriately blended as necessary. Further, an appropriate amount of a thermoplastic resin for modification can be blended in the saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
[0024]
As the melt molding method, any molding method such as an injection molding method, a compression molding method, and an extrusion molding method can be employed. Among these, the extrusion molding method includes a T-die method, a hollow molding method, a pipe extrusion method, a linear extrusion method, a deformed die extrusion method, an inflation method, etc., but molding of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer saponified product alone. Coextrusion of not only products (films, sheets, tapes, bottles, pipes, filaments, profile cross-section extrudates, etc.) but also saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layers and other thermoplastic resin layers is possible. .
[0025]
In obtaining polyvinyl alcohol from polyvinyl acetate, it is sufficient to saponify the polyvinyl acetate, and the saponification is performed in the presence of an alkali catalyst by dissolving the polyvinyl acetate in alcohol. Examples of the alcohol include methanol, ethanol, butanol and the like.
[0026]
The concentration of the copolymer in the alcohol is selected from the range of 20 to 50% by weight. As the saponification catalyst, it is necessary to use an alkali catalyst such as an alkali metal hydroxide or alcoholate such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium methylate, sodium ethylate or potassium methylate. The amount of the catalyst used must be 1 to 100 millimolar equivalents relative to vinyl acetate.
[0027]
In such a case, the saponification temperature is not particularly limited, but is usually selected from the range of 10 to 70 ° C, more preferably 30 to 50 ° C. The reaction is usually carried out for 0.5 to 3 hours, and the preferred saponification degree is selected from the range of 10 to 100 mol%, particularly preferably 50 to 100 mol%, particularly preferably 70 to 100 mol%.
[0028]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
In the examples, “parts” and “%” are based on weight unless otherwise specified.
[0029]
Example 1
A polymerization vessel equipped with a stirrer with a capacity of 10 l so as to have a ratio of 0.025 parts of acetyl peroxide [half-life 32 hours] as a polymerization catalyst with respect to 100 parts of vinyl acetate monomer, -Batch polymerization of vinyl acetate copolymer was started. When the polymerization rate reached 40%, the polymerization was continued so that di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate [half-life 0.70 hours] was in a ratio of 0.003 parts to 100 parts of vinyl acetate monomer. .
Charge amount of monomer 4000g
Charge amount of polymerization solvent (methanol) 320 g
Dimethyl acetal 20g
Polymerization temperature 60 ° C
Ethylene pressure 3.9 MPa
Polymerization time 7hr
[0030]
The ethylene content of the obtained ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer was 33 mol%, and the polymerization rate of vinyl acetate was 55%.
Polymerization was carried out continuously for 15 batches under the above conditions, but no scale was found in the polymerization can.
[0031]
To 100 parts of a methanol solution containing 50% of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer obtained above, 150 parts of a methanol solution containing 0.017 equivalents of NaOH relative to the vinyl acetate group was supplied, A saponification reaction was performed at a pressure of 0.39 MPa for 30 minutes to obtain a methanol solution of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer saponified product (EVOH) having a saponification degree of 99.8%. Next, 60 parts of a methanol aqueous solution having a water content of 62.5% was supplied azeotropically to the methanol solution of EVOH, and the resin concentration in the methanol / water solution of EVOH was 40% at 100 to 110 ° C. and a pressure of 0.29 MPa. Methanol was distilled off until a transparent methanol / water homogeneous solution was obtained. Subsequently, the obtained methanol / water solution of EVOH was extruded in a strand form into a coagulation tank made of water / methanol (polymerization ratio = 95/5), cut into pellets, washed with water, and then washed with 0.1% acetic acid. The mixture was stirred for 4 hours with an aqueous solution and then dried with nitrogen gas at 122 ° C. for 18 hours to obtain EVOH pellets having a water content of 0.2%.
The obtained EVOH was supplied to a single screw extruder equipped with a T die, an EVOH film having a thickness of 120 μm was formed under the following conditions, and fish eyes and neck-in were evaluated in the following manner.
[0032]
Figure 0004341937
[0033]
(Fish eye)
The number of fish eyes of 0.1 mm or more per 10 cm × 10 cm unit area of the obtained EVOH film was examined and evaluated as follows.
○ −−− 0-9 pieces Δ −−− 10-30 pieces × −−− 30 pieces or more [0034]
(Neck-in)
Neck-in is a phenomenon in which the film (melted resin width) becomes smaller than the die width when the molten resin flows out of the T-die. The smaller the difference, the better the neck-in. Evaluated.
(Good) ◎>○>△> × (Evil)
Moreover, the average degree of polymerization of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer obtained above was measured for each batch, and the variation was evaluated by the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value as follows.
[0035]
(Polymerization degree variation)
○ −−− Less than 20 Δ −−− Less than 20 to 50 × −−− 50 or more
Example 2
In a polymerization vessel equipped with a stirrer having a capacity of 10 l so that the proportion of 0.002 part of 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile [half-life 22 hours] is used as a polymerization catalyst with respect to 100 parts of vinyl acetate monomer. The batch polymerization of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer was started under the following conditions. When the polymerization rate reached 40%, 2,2′-azobis- (4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) [half life 0.17 hours] was 0.005 with respect to 100 parts of vinyl acetate monomer. Polymerization was continued so as to obtain a ratio of parts.
Charge amount of monomer 4000g
Charge amount of polymerization solvent (methanol) 320 g
Polymerization temperature 60 ° C
Ethylene pressure 3.9 MPa
Polymerization time 6hr
[0037]
The ethylene content of the obtained ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer was 33 mol%, and the polymerization rate of vinyl acetate was 55%.
Polymerization was carried out continuously for 15 batches under the above conditions, but no scale was found in the polymerization can.
Using the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer obtained above, a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 and evaluated in the same manner.
[0038]
Example 3
A polymerization reactor equipped with a stirrer with a capacity of 10 l so as to have a ratio of 0.048 parts of acetyl peroxide [half-life 32 hours] as a polymerization catalyst with respect to 100 parts of vinyl acetate monomer, Batch polymerization of vinyl acetate was started. When the polymerization rate reached 50%, the polymerization was continued so that di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate [half-life 0.70 hours] was in a ratio of 0.004 parts to 100 parts of vinyl acetate monomer. .
Charge amount of monomer 3000g
Charge amount of polymerization solvent (methanol) 840 g
90g of dimethyl acetal
Polymerization temperature 60 ° C
Polymerization time 7hr
[0039]
The polymerization rate of the obtained polyvinyl acetate was 88%.
Polymerization was carried out continuously for 15 batches under the above conditions, but no scale was found in the polymerization can.
The polyvinyl acetate obtained above is fed from the top of the vinyl acetate purge tower, methanol is fed from the bottom of the tower, unreacted vinyl acetate is purged from the top, and a polyvinyl acetate methanol solution is obtained. Sodium was added to saponify at 40 ° C., and dried at 105 ° C. to obtain polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 99.5 mol%. The solubility in water and the (average) polymerization between batches were as follows. The degree of variation was evaluated.
[0040]
(Solubility)
10 parts of the resulting polyvinyl alcohol and 90 parts of water were placed in a beaker and stirred at 30 ° C. for 30 minutes (stirrer rotation speed 60 rpm), then stirred at the temperature of 90 ° C. for 30 minutes and visually observed for the presence of undissolved substances. Then, it evaluated as follows.
○ --- Undissolved material is not observed at all Δ --- Fine undissolved material is observed × --- Undissolved gel is observed [0041]
(Polymerization degree variation)
Polyvinyl acetate was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0042]
Comparative Example 1
The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the polymerization catalyst di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate [half-life 0.70 hours] was not used in combination. The ethylene content was 33 mol% and the polymerization rate of vinyl acetate was 55%. The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer was obtained, and a large amount of scale was observed in the polymerization can after 10 batches of continuous operation.
Further, using the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer obtained above, a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 and evaluated in the same manner.
[0043]
Comparative Example 2
The same procedure as in Example 3 was carried out except that di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate [half-life 0.70 hours] as a polymerization catalyst was not used in combination to obtain polyvinyl acetate having a polymerization rate of 88% of vinyl acetate. However, a large amount of scale was observed in the polymerization can after 15 batches of continuous operation.
Further, using the polyvinyl acetate obtained above, polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 99.5 mol% was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 and evaluated in the same manner.
The evaluation results of Examples and Comparative Examples are shown in Table 1.
[0044]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004341937
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
According to the production method of the present invention, since two kinds of polymerization catalysts having different half-lives are used at the time of polymerization, there is obtained a polymer with little scale adhesion inside the polymerization (reaction) can and with little variation in polymerization degree. Can obtain a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer excellent in moldability and a vinyl acetate polymer used as a raw material for polyvinyl alcohol excellent in water solubility.

Claims (2)

溶剤の存在下で酢酸ビニルモノマーを単独重合或いは他のモノマーと共重合して酢酸ビニル系重合体を製造するに当たり、半減期がn時間の重合触媒を用いて重合を開始し、次いで半減期がm時間の重合触媒を供給して重合を行い、かつn/mが10〜200であり、半減期がn時間の重合触媒100重量部に対して、半減期がm時間の重合触媒を1〜100重量部用いることを特徴とする酢酸ビニル系重合体の製造法。In producing a vinyl acetate polymer by homopolymerizing a vinyl acetate monomer in the presence of a solvent or copolymerizing with another monomer, the polymerization is started using a polymerization catalyst having a half-life of n hours, and then the half-life is reduced. Polymerization is performed by supplying a polymerization catalyst for m hours, and n / m is 10 to 200, and a polymerization catalyst having a half life of m hours is 1 to 100 parts by weight of the polymerization catalyst having a half life of n hours. A method for producing a vinyl acetate polymer characterized by using 100 parts by weight. ジメチルアセタールの共存下で行うことを特徴とする請求項記載の酢酸ビニル系重合体の製造法。Preparation of vinyl acetate polymer according to claim 1, characterized in that in the presence of dimethyl acetal.
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