JP4331856B2 - Foamed resin molding for EPS method - Google Patents
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Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体に関するものであり、詳しくは、ＥＰＳ工法による盛土や裏込め等の土木工事に適用される発泡樹脂成形体であって、冠水時の浮力を十分に抑制でき且つ内部に溜った水の排水能力により優れ、しかも、荷重変形が一層少なくなる様に改良されたＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
ＥＰＳ工法は、盛土や裏込め等の土木工事において、軽量な発泡スチロールブロックを盛土材料や裏込め材料として積み上げる工法であり、斯かる工法によれば、盛土荷重を大幅に低減でき、沈下や地滑りを防止できる。更に、一軸方向の圧縮力が大きく、明確な剪断領域が発生しないため、優れた耐荷重性を発揮でき、しかも、自立性に優れ且つ上載荷重が作用しても側方への変形が極めて小さいため、背面土圧を大幅に低減できる。また、人力で積み重ねることが出来るため、大型機械の使用が困難な場所でも容易に且つ迅速に施工できる。
【０００３】
特開平１１−２２９３７９号公報には、軟弱地盤などの冠水の虞れがある場所に上記ＥＰＳ工法を適用するための「盛土用発泡樹脂ブロック」（発泡樹脂成形体）が記載されている。図１２は、同公報に開示された従来の発泡樹脂成形体の外観を示す下面側から見た斜視図であり、図１３は、従来の発泡樹脂成形体における排水構造を示す上面図である。また、図１４は、垂直荷重に対する従来の泡樹脂成形体の変形状態を示す縦断面図である。
【０００４】
図１２に示す様に、上記の発泡樹脂成形体（９１）は、上面側が天板部（９２）によって略封止された箱状体であり、格子状に配置された仕切壁（９３）によって内部に多数の水溜室（９５）が形成されている。また、各隣接する水溜室（９５）は、仕切壁（９３）に設けられたスリット（縦溝）（９３ｓ）により相互に連続し、外周側の各水溜室（９５）は、外側壁（９４）に設けられたスリット（縦溝）（９４ｓ）により外部に連続している。しかも、図１３に示す様に、天板部（９２）の表面には、多数の排水溝（９６）が形成されると共に、各排水溝（９６）には、水溜室（９５）に貫通する小孔（９７）が多数設けられている。
【０００５】
発泡樹脂成形体（９１）は、上面同士および下面同士を付き合わせた状態、すなわち、交互に転倒させた状態で多数積み上げて使用されるが、斯かる発泡樹脂成形体（９１）においては、水位が上昇した場合、スリット（９３ｓ，９４ｓ）及び小孔（９７）を介し、内部の水溜室（９５）内に水を取り込むことにより、発泡樹脂成形体（９１）に作用する浮力を各水溜室（９５）の水の荷重によって抑制し、また、水位が下がった場合、スリット（９３ｓ，９４ｓ）及び小孔（９７）を介し、各水溜室（９５）の水を外部に排出する様になされている。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、上記の発泡樹脂成形体（９１）は、金型成形の容易性および各水溜室（９５）の入隅部における強度向上の観点から、仕切壁（９３）及び外側壁（９４）の下端部（開放面側の縁部）が薄肉に形成されている。すなわち、１つの水溜室（９５）の縦断面形状を見た場合、図１４に示す様に、左右の仕切壁（９３）は、下端部が薄肉で八字状に裾広がりになっている。従って、２つの発泡樹脂成形体（９１）の下面同士を付き合わせた状態では、垂直荷重に対し、仕切壁（９３）の下端部において膨らみ変形が著しく大きくなる（変形部分を矢印で示す）。勿論、側方荷重に対する変形も大きい。
【０００７】
また、従来の発泡樹脂成形体（９１）は、スリット（９３ｓ）が仕切壁（９３）の高さの１／２〜１／３の長さで且つ下端側から切り欠かれた構造を備えており、しかも、天板部（９２）の小孔（９７）が排水溝（９６）の幅に倣って比較的小さく形成されている。従って、大雨などで短時間で冠水した場合、転倒状態の発泡樹脂成形体（図１４の下方の発泡樹脂成形体）においては、注水速度が小さいため、各水溜室（９５）に十分に水が溜るまでに時間を要し、その間、浮力に対向し得るだけの荷重がえられないと言う問題がある。逆に、水が早く退いた場合、排水速度が小さいため、水溜室（９５）に溜った水によって大きな荷重負荷を生じる。
【０００８】
上記の様な変形量の大きさならびに注水・排水機能は、相乗的に作用し、構築物の耐久性に影響する虞があるため、より一層改善された発泡樹脂成形体が望まれる。本発明は、斯かる実情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、ＥＰＳ工法による盛土や裏込め等の土木工事に適用される発泡樹脂成形体であって、冠水時の浮力を十分に抑制でき且つ内部に溜った水の排水能力により優れ、しかも、荷重変形が一層少なくなる様に改良されたＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体を提供することにある。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題を解決するため、本発明に係るＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体は、下面が開放され且つ上面が天板部によって略封止された箱状体に形成され、格子状に仕切壁を配置することにより内部に多数の水溜室が区画形成され、かつ、各隣接する前記水溜室を相互に連続させるスリットが前記仕切壁に設けられ、外周側の前記各水溜室を外部に連続させるスリットが外側壁に設けられたＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体において、前記天板部には、平面視して水溜室の略中央に位置する様に格子状に配列される溝が形成され、前記仕切壁または外側壁に沿った位置で且つ前記溝と重畳しない位置に開口部が一定のパターンで多数配置され、しかも、平面視して前記各水溜室の入隅部に相当する位置には、下面側の前記仕切壁または外側壁の一部位を前記水溜室の内側に膨出させた補強構造が備えられていることを特徴とする。
【００１０】
すなわち、上記の発泡樹脂成形体において、外側壁のスリット及び仕切壁のスリットは、盛土などの表面から浸透した水を各水溜室に注水し、各水溜室の水を外部へ排出する様に機能する。そして、互いに下面を付き合わせる状態で発泡樹脂成形体を上下に積み重ねた場合、天板部に一定のパターンで配置された開口部は、各発泡樹脂成形体の間で重畳する状態に位置するため、冠水あるいは水位の低下に伴い、水位の変化に倣って各水溜室に速やかに水を注水し、水位の変化に倣って各水溜室の水を速やかに排出する。また、各水溜室の入隅部に相当する位置に備えられた補強構造は、付き合せ部の強度を高め、変形部位を上下の仕切壁および外側壁に分散させる。
【００１１】
また、本発明に係るＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体は、下面が開放され且つ上面が天板部によって略封止された箱状体に形成され、格子状に仕切壁を配置することにより内部に多数の水溜室が区画形成され、かつ、各隣接する前記水溜室を相互に連続させるスリットが前記仕切壁に設けられ、外周側の前記各水溜室を外部に連続させるスリットが外側壁に設けられたＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体において、前記天板部には、平面視して水溜室の略中央に位置する様に格子状に配列される溝が形成され、前記仕切壁または外側壁に沿った位置で且つ前記溝と重畳しない位置に開口部が一定のパターンで多数配置され、しかも、平面視して前記各水溜室の一辺の中央に相当する位置には、下面側の前記仕切壁または外側壁の一部位を前記水溜室の内側に膨出させた補強構造が備えられていることを特徴とする。
【００１２】
すなわち、上記の発泡樹脂成形体において、外側壁のスリット及び仕切壁のスリットは、盛土などの表面から浸透した水を各水溜室に注水し、各水溜室の水を外部へ排出する様に機能する。そして、互いに下面を付き合わせる状態で発泡樹脂成形体を上下に積み重ねた場合、天板部に一定のパターンで配置された開口部は、各発泡樹脂成形体の間で重畳する状態に位置するため、冠水あるいは水位の低下に伴い、水位の変化に倣って各水溜室に速やかに水を注水し、水位の変化に倣って各水溜室の水を速やかに排出する。また、各水溜室の一辺の中央に相当する位置に備えられた補強構造は、付き合せ部の強度を高め、変形部位を上下の仕切壁および外側壁に分散させる。
【００１３】
また、上記の各態様の発泡樹脂成形体においては、透水性樹脂から成り且つ方形枠状に形成されたスリーブが外周に装着されることにより、簡便にフィルター機能を付与でき、しかも、雨水などに伴って土が水溜室に流入するのを防止できる。
【００１４】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係るＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図１は、本発明に係るＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体の一態様の外観を示す下面側から見た斜視図であり、図２は、上面側から見た斜視図である。図３は、図１のＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体の底面図であり、図４は、排水構造を示す上面図である。図５は、図１のＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体の補強構造を示す縦断面図である。更に、図６は、図１のＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体の使用態様を示す斜視図であり、図７は、垂直荷重に対する変形状態を示す縦断面図である。
【００１５】
また、図８は、本発明に係るＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体の他の態様を示す底面図であり、図９は、図８のＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体の排水構造を示す上面図である。図１０は、図８のＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体の補強構造を示す縦断面図である。更に図１１は、本発明に係るＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体においてスリーブが装着される態様を示す斜視図である。以下、実施形態の説明においては、ＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体を「成形体」と略記する。
【００１６】
本発明の成形体は、ＥＰＳ工法における盛土材料や裏込め材料として使用される軽量な発泡スチロールブロックである。周知の通り、ＥＰＳ工法は、軟弱地盤の盛土、道路盛土、地滑り地の盛土、拡幅の盛土、急傾斜地盛土、水路基礎、仮設道路、構造物の裏込め、直立壁の裏込め等の土木工事において、軽量な発泡スチロールブロック（発泡樹脂成形体）を盛土材料や裏込め材料として積み上げる工法である。
【００１７】
先ず、本発明の第１の形態に係る成形体について説明する。本発明の成形体は、図１〜図５に符号（１Ａ）で示す様に、概略、下面が開放され且つ上面が天板部（２）によって略封止された箱状体に形成される。また、内部には、格子状に仕切壁（３）を配置することにより多数の水溜室（５）が区画形成され、しかも、仕切壁（３）には、各隣接する水溜室（５）を相互に連続させるスリット（３ｓ）が設けられ、外側壁（４）には、外周側の各水溜室（５）を外部に連続させるスリット（４ｓ）が設けられる。
【００１８】
成形体（１Ａ）の材料としては、発泡ポリスチレン、発泡ポリエチレン、発泡ポリプロピレン、発泡ポリウレタン、発泡ポリ塩化ビニルなどの発泡樹脂が挙げられる。特に、成形性および加工性を高め、コストを低減する観点からは、発泡ポリスチレンが好ましい。成形体（１Ａ）の単位体積当たりの質量は、０．０３〜０．１ｔ／ｍ3程度、好ましくは、０．０４〜０．０５ｔ／ｍ3程度である。斯かる成形体（１Ａ）は、天板部（２）、仕切壁（３）と共に一体に射出成形される。成形体（１Ａ）は、施工性および作業効率の観点から、例えば、平面形状を正方形に形成され、その外形寸法を１０００×１０００×２５０（高さ）ｍｍ程度に設計される。
【００１９】
成形体（１Ａ）の上面は、後述する開口部（７）を備えた天板部（２）によって封止されており、そして、成形体（１Ａ）の内部は、これを均等に分割する様に格子状に配置された仕切壁（３）によって例えば１６の水溜室（５）に区画される。水溜室（５）は、冠水時に上記スリット（３ｓ）及びスリット（４ｓ）を通じて水が流入する部屋であり、斯かる水溜室（５）への注水構造により、成形体（１Ａ）は、冠水した際の浮力による浮き上がりを規制できる。
【００２０】
水溜室（５）の全容積（例えば１６の水溜室（５）の総容積）は、仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）の所要の厚さならびに浮力に対する所要の注水量を確保する観点から、成形体（１Ａ）の見かけ体積の５０〜７０％程度、好ましくは約６０％とされる。通常、成形体（１Ａ）が上記の様な外形寸法で成形される場合、仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）の厚さは、２５〜４０ｍｍ程度、好ましくは約３５ｍｍに設定される。
【００２１】
仕切壁（３）のスリット（３ｓ）は、成形体（１Ａ）の開放面側、すなわち、下面側から天板部（２）の内表面まで切り欠かれたスリットであり、スリット（３ｓ）は、各水溜室（５）の側壁に相当する仕切壁（３）の略中央部に設けられることにより、各隣接する水溜室（５）同士を連続させている。スリット（３ｓ）の開口幅は、１０〜３０ｍｍ程度であり、スリット（３ｓ）の長さは、水溜室（５）間の水の移動を円滑にするため、仕切壁（３）の高さと略同等とされる。
【００２２】
他方、外側壁（４）のスリット（４ｓ）は、天板部（２）の縁部から成形体（１Ａ）の下面側に向けて切り欠かれたスリットであり、スリット（４ｓ）は、上記スリット（３ｓ）と同様に、各水溜室（５）の側壁に相当する外側壁（４）の略中央部に設けられることにより、成形体（１Ａ）の外周側に位置する水溜室（５）と外部を連続させている。スリット（４ｓ）の開口幅は、１０〜３０ｍｍ程度であり、スリット（４ｓ）の長さは、側方荷重対する強度の低下を防止するため、外側壁（４）の下端縁まで達しない長さ、好ましくは、外側壁（４）の高さの略１／２に相当する長さに設定される。
【００２３】
上記の様に、成形体（１Ａ）においては、仕切壁（３）、外側壁（４）に各々スリット（３ｓ）及びスリット（４ｓ）を設けることにより、冠水した場合に各水溜室（５）に対して外部から速やかに注水し、また、水位が下がった場合に各水溜室（５）の水を速やかに外部へ排水する様になされている。しかも、外側壁（４）の下端部側が繋がった状態となる様にスリット（４ｓ）が設けられているため、側方荷重に対しても充分な強度を保持できる。
【００２４】
また、天板部（２）が上面となる様に使用した際、天板部（２）の上面側に進入した水を速やかに排水するため、天板部（２）には、溝（６）が複数形成される。しかも、天板部（２）側の仕切壁（３）の基部における強度を保持するため、溝（６）は、仕切壁（３）とは異なるパターンの配列で形成される。具体的には、溝（６）は、平面視して水溜室（５）の略中央に位置する様に格子状に配列される。これらの溝（６）は、例えば、幅を１０ｍｍ程度、深さを１０ｍｍ程度とされる。
【００２５】
更に、天板部（２）の溝（６）は、スリット（４ｓ）の基部に連続しているのが好ましい。すなわち、外側壁（４）の各スリット（４ｓ）は、上記の様に天板部（２）側から切り込まれたスリットであり、天板部（２）側のスリット（４ｓ）の基部には、天板部表面の溝（６）が連続している。従って、成形体（１Ａ）においては、天板部（２）の上面側に進入した水を一層効率的に排水できる。
【００２６】
また、本発明の成形体（１Ａ）は、通常、上下方向に積み重ねて使用されるが、冠水時の水溜室（５）に対する注水機能ならびに水位低下時の水溜室（５）からの排水機能を一層高めるため、天板部（２）には、開口部（７）が一定のパターンで多数配置される。しかも、これらの開口部（７）は、仕切壁（３）の基部の強度および天板部（２）の強度を保持するため、仕切壁（３）又は外側壁（４）に沿った位置で且つ溝（６）と重畳しない位置に配置される。具体的には、開口部（７）は、例えば、底辺の長さが７ｃｍ程度の直角２等辺三角形に形成され、そして、平面視して各水溜室（５）の四隅に設けられる。
【００２７】
更に、本発明の成形体（１Ａ）は、荷重変形を一層少なくするため、平面視して各水溜室（５）の入隅部に相当する位置、すなわち、仕切壁（３）同士の交わる入隅部、仕切壁（３）と外側壁（４）の交わる入隅部および外側壁（４）の入隅部には、下面側の仕切壁（３）又は外側壁（４）の一部位を水溜室（５）の内側に膨出させた補強構造（８Ａ）が備えられる。補強構造（８Ａ）は、下面側から平面視した場合、水溜室（５）の四隅を内側に張出した厚肉部として構成される。
【００２８】
補強構造（８Ａ）としての四隅の厚肉部は、分割金型によって成形体（１Ａ）を成形する関係から、平面の投影面積を開口部（７）の面積よりも小さな面積に形成され、例えば、平面形状を斜辺の長さが約６．５ｃｍの直角２等辺三角形に形成される。また、厚肉部の高さは、仕切壁（３）又は外側壁（４）の高さの１／３から天板部（２）の内表面に達するまでの範囲内で必要とされる耐圧強度に応じて設定される。例えば、厚肉部の高さは、成形体（１Ａ）の下面から８ｃｍ程度とされる。上記の様な水溜室（５）の四隅の厚肉部は、成形体（１Ａ）の下面の受圧面積を大きくし、仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）の下端部の強度を高めるため、垂直荷重、側方荷重に対する仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）の変形量を低減できる。
【００２９】
また、上記と同様に荷重変形を一層少なくする観点から、各水溜室（５）の４つの壁面を構成する仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）は、天板部（２）側に向かうに従い厚肉に形成されるのが好ましい。すなわち、図５に示す様に、各水溜室（５）の内側に相当する仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）の各表面には、上記の補強構造（８Ａ）の部位を除き、天板部（２）の内表面に向かうに従い漸次内側に迫り出した厚肉部（３２）及び（４２）が形成される。
【００３０】
ところで、本発明の成形体（１Ａ）は、前述の様に、積み重ねて使用されるが、その際、２つの成形体（１Ａ）の開口面側（下面側）を付き合わせて１つのブロックを構成する。そこで、施工性を高め且つ積み重ねた際のずれを防止するため、補強構造（８Ａ）を構成する厚肉部の下面には、２つの成形体（１Ａ）の下面同士を付き合わせた場合に互いに嵌合する凹部（４３）及び凸部（４５）が形成される。
【００３１】
凹部（４３）及び凸部（４５）は、嵌合可能な形状であれば適宜の形状でよいが、例えば、平面形状を斜辺の長さが５ｃｍ程度の２等辺三角形に形成される。そして、２つの成形体（１Ａ）を付き合わせた場合に外周が完全に一致する様に、例えば、凹部（４３）は、底面視して１つの対角線に沿った位置の補強構造（８Ａ）の下面に配置され、凸部（４５）は、他の対角線に沿った位置の補強構造（８Ａ）の下面に配置される。
【００３２】
本発明の成形体（１Ａ）は、例えば、土に代わる盛土材料として使用する場合、前述の様に、２つの組合せによって１つのブロックを構成するが、上記凹部（４３）及び凸部（４５）が嵌合する状態に各成形体（１Ａ）の下面を付き合わせることにより、互いにずれることなく、盛土材料としての方形のブロックを簡単に構成できる。そして、斯かるブロックを地形に応じて所要の数だけ水平および垂直方向に配列した後、全体を土で埋設し、更にその表面を砕石やアスファルト等で仕上げることにより盛土を構築する。
【００３３】
構築された盛土においては、降雨などによって表面のアスファルト等に水が浸透するが、その際、盛土を構成する各成形体（１Ａ）において、外側壁（４）のスリット（４ｓ）は、盛土の表面から浸透した水を外周側の各水溜室（５）に導入し、仕切壁（３）のスリット（３ｓ）は、外周側の各水溜室（５）に流入した水を更に内側の各水溜室（５）に導入する。また、天板部（２）の溝（６）は、２つのブロック（成形体（１Ａ））間の天板部（２）同士が当接する部位に浸透した水を外側壁（４）のスリット（４ｓ）に導く。
【００３４】
更に、軟弱地盤などで盛土が下方から冠水した場合、上記の様な外側壁（４）のスリット（４ｓ）及び仕切壁（３）のスリット（３ｓ）の注水機能に加え、成形体（１Ａ）の天板部（２）に一定のパターンで配置された開口部（７）は、各ブロック（成形体（１Ａ））間で重畳する状態に位置するため、上方のブロック（成形体（１Ａ））の水溜室（５）に対し、水位の上昇に従って下方のブロックの水溜室（５）から直接水を注入する。すなわち、本発明の成形体（１Ａ）は、水位が上昇した場合でも、水位の変化に倣って各水溜室（５）に速やかに水を注水でき、浮力を抑制して浮き上がりを有効に防止できる。
【００３５】
他方、盛土が冠水した状態において水位が下がった場合、外側壁（４）のスリット（４ｓ）及び仕切壁（３）のスリット（３ｓ）は、注水の場合と逆の機能により、各水溜室（５）の水を外部へ排出する。また、天板部（２）の溝（６）は、２つのブロック間の天板部（２）同士が当接する部位に進入した水を外側壁（４）側に排出する。更に、天板部（２）に一定のパターンで配置された開口部（７）は、上方のブロック（成形体（１Ａ））の水溜室（５）に溜まった水を順次下方のブロック（成形体（１Ａ））の水溜室（５）に排出する。従って、本発明の成形体（１Ａ）は、水位が下がった場合、水位の変化に倣って各水溜室（５）の水を速やかに排出でき、水による大きな荷重が掛かるのを防止できる。
【００３６】
更に、本発明の成形体（１Ａ）においては、天板部（２）の溝（６）が仕切壁（３）とは異なるパターンの配列で形成され、かつ、開口部（７）が溝（６）と重畳しない位置に形成されているため、仕切壁（３）の基部の強度ならびに天板部（２）自体の強度をより高めることが出来る。そして、各水溜室（５）の入隅部に相当する位置に備えられた補強構造（８Ａ）としての厚肉部は、仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）の下端部、すなわち、２つの成形体（１Ａ）を付き合わせた場合の付き合わせ部の強度を高めることが出来、仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）における変形量を一層小さくすることが出来る。
【００３７】
具体的には、図７に示す様に、２つの成形体（１Ａ）の付き合わせによって１組のブロックを構成した場合、上下の水溜室（５）は連続した空間として構成されるが、上下方向で見掛上一体化された仕切壁（３）は、例えば、垂直荷重に対し、矢印で示す部分が幾分変形する程度である。換言すれば、上下方向で一体化された状態の仕切壁（３）においては、垂直荷重による変形部位を２箇所、すなわち、上下の仕切壁（３）あるいは上下の外側壁（４）に分散できるため、全体の変形量を一層小さく出来る。
【００３８】
その結果、本発明の成形体（１Ａ）は、盛土表面に対する影響も一層低減できる。更に、仕切壁（３）に形成された厚肉部（３２）及び外側壁（４）に形成された厚肉部（４２）は、仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）における荷重に対する強度を一層高め、変形をより小さくすることが出来る。因に、図１６に示す従来の成形体における変形量に比べ、本発明の成形体（１Ａ）においては、仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）の変形量を約１／２に減少させること出来た。
【００３９】
次に、本発明の第２の形態に係る成形体について説明する。本発明の第２の形態に係る成形体は、図８〜図１０に符号（１Ｂ）で示す様に、概略、下面が開放され且つ上面が天板部（２）によって略封止された箱状体に形成される。また、内部には、格子状に仕切壁（３）を配置することにより多数の水溜室（５）が区画形成され、仕切壁（３）には、各隣接する水溜室（５）を相互に連続させるスリット（３ｓ）が設けられ、外側壁（４）には、外周側の各水溜室（５）を外部に連続させるスリット（４ｓ）が設けられる。
【００４０】
成形体（１Ｂ）においては、後述の溝（６）の配置関係および成形性の観点から、仕切壁（３）のスリット（３ｓ）及び外側壁（４）のスリット（４ｓ）は、それぞれ下面側から切り込まれたスリットである。すなわち、成形体（１Ｂ）における基本的な構成は、外側壁（４）のスリット（４ｓ）の配置を除き、図１に示す前述の成形体（１Ａ）と同様である。
【００４１】
また、成形体（１Ｂ）においては、前述の成形体（１Ａ）と同様に、天板部（２）には、溝（６）及び開口部（７）が設けられる。溝（６）は、仕切壁（３）の基部における強度を保持するため、仕切壁（３）とは異なるパターンの配列で形成される。具体的には、溝（６）は、平面視して水溜室（５）の対角線に位置する様に格子状に配列される。溝（６）の寸法仕様は、成形体（１Ａ）におけるのと略同様である。
【００４２】
開口部（７）は、仕切壁（３）の基部および天板部（２）における強度を保持し且つ開口面積を大きくするため、仕切壁（３）又は外側壁（４）に沿った位置で且つ溝（６）と重畳しない位置に排水用の一定のパターンで多数配置される。具体的には、開口部（７）は、例えば、上底の長さが３．５ｃｍ程度、下底の長さが７ｃｍ程度の台形に形成され、そして、平面視して各水溜室（５）の４辺の各中央に設けられる。
【００４３】
本発明の成形体（１Ｂ）は、荷重変形を一層少なくするため、平面視して各水溜室（５）の一辺の中央に相当する位置には、下面側の仕切壁（３）又は外側壁（４）の一部位を水溜室（５）の内側に膨出させた補強構造（８Ｂ）が備えらる。補強構造（８Ｂ）は、下面側から平面視した場合、水溜室（５）の４辺の各中央を内側に張出した厚肉部として構成される。
【００４４】
補強構造（８Ｂ）としての４辺の厚肉部は、前述の成形体（１Ａ）におけるのと同様に、分割金型によって成形する関係から、平面の投影面積を開口部（７）の面積よりも小さな面積に形成され、例えば、平面形状を上底の長さが３ｃｍ程度、下底の長さが６．５ｃｍ程度の台形に形成される。厚肉部の高さは、成形体（１Ａ）におけるのと略同様である。斯かる厚肉部は、成形体（１Ｂ）の下面の受圧面積を大きくし、仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）の下端部の強度を高めるため、垂直荷重、側方荷重に対する仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）の変形量を低減できる。なお、仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）の強度を低下させないため、スリット（３ｓ）及び（４ｓ）は、補強構造（８Ｂ）の略中央部に形成される。
【００４５】
また、成形体（１Ｂ）においては、前述の成形体（１Ａ）と同様に、荷重変形を一層少なくする観点から、各水溜室（５）の４つの壁面を構成する仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）は、天板部（２）側に向かうに従い厚肉に形成されるのが好ましい。すなわち、各水溜室（５）の内側に相当する仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）の各表面には、上記の補強構造（８Ｂ）の部位を除き、天板部（２）の内表面に向かうに従い漸次内側に迫り出した厚肉部（３２）及び（４２）が形成される。
【００４６】
本発明の成形体（１Ｂ）は、前述の成形体（１Ａ）と同様に、例えば盛土材料として使用される場合、２つの組合せによって１つのブロックを構成する。そして、構築された盛土に雨水などが浸透した場合、盛土を構成する各成形体において、外側壁（４）のスリット（４ｓ）は、盛土の表面から浸透した水を成形体（１Ａ）外周側の各水溜室（５）に導入し、仕切壁（３）のスリット（３ｓ）は、外周側の各水溜室（５）に流入した水を更に内側の各水溜室（５）に導入する。
【００４７】
更に、盛土が下方から冠水した場合、上記の様な外側壁（４）のスリット（４ｓ）及び仕切壁（３）のスリット（３ｓ）の注水機能に加え、天板部（２）に一定のパターンで配置された開口部（７）は、各ブロック間で重畳する状態に位置するため、上方のブロックの水溜室（５）に対し、水位の上昇に従って下方のブロックの水溜室（５）から直接水を注入する。従って、本発明の成形体（１Ｂ）は、水位が上昇した場合でも、水位の変化に倣って各水溜室（５）に速やかに水を注水でき、浮力を抑制して浮き上がりを有効に防止できる。
【００４８】
他方、水位が下がった場合、外側壁（４）のスリット（４ｓ）及び仕切壁（３）のスリット（３ｓ）は、注水の場合と逆の機能により、各水溜室（５）の水を外部へ排出する。また、天板部（２）の溝（６）は、２つのブロック間の天板部（２）同士が当接する部位に進入した水を外側壁（４）側に排出する。更に、天板部（２）に一定のパターンで配置された開口部（７）は、上方のブロックの水溜室（５）に溜まった水を順次下方のブロックの水溜室（５）に排出する。従って、本発明の成形体（１Ｂ）は、水位が下がった場合、水位の変化に倣って各水溜室（５）の水を速やかに排出でき、水による大きな荷重が掛かるのを防止できる。
【００４９】
また、本発明の成形体（１Ｂ）においては、溝（６）が仕切壁（３）とは異なるパターンの配列で形成され、開口部（７）が溝（６）と重畳しない位置に形成されているため、仕切壁（３）の基部の強度ならびに天板部（２）自体の強度をより高めることが出来る。そして、各水溜室（５）の一辺の中央に相当する位置に備えられた補強構造（８Ｂ）としての厚肉部は、成形体（１Ａ）におけるのと同様に、仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）の下端部、すなわち、２つの成形体を付き合わせた場合の付き合わせ部の強度を高めることが出来、変形部位を上下の仕切壁（３）あるいは上下の外側壁（４）に分散できるため、仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）における変形量を一層小さくすることが出来る。
【００５０】
その結果、本発明の成形体（１Ｂ）は、盛土表面に対する影響も一層低減できる。更に、仕切壁（３）に形成された厚肉部（３２）及び外側壁（４）に形成された厚肉部（４２）は、仕切壁（３）及び外側壁（４）における荷重に対する強度を一層高め、変形をより小さくすることが出来る。
【００５１】
また、上述した様な本発明の成形体（１Ａ）ならびに成形体（１Ｂ）は、盛土などを構築する場合、スリット（４ｓ）及び（３ｓ）あるいは開口部（７）を通じ、水溜室（５）に土が流入して堆積する虞がある。そこで、本発明の成形体（１Ａ，１Ｂ）においては、図１１に示す様に、透水性樹脂から成り且つ予め方形枠体状に形成された濾材としてのスリーブ（１０）が外周に装着されてもよい（図１１には成形体（１Ａ）を例示する）。
【００５２】
スリーブ（１０）は、泥水を濾過し得る限り、各種の多孔質材料によって形成できる。例えば、スリーブ（１０）としては、不織布を枠体状に圧縮成形したもの、チップ状の樹脂成形片を金型内で蒸気加熱して枠体状に成形したもの、あるいは、粒子状の樹脂成形片を接着剤と共に金型に充填して硬化させたもの等が挙げられる。何れの材料で成形する場合も、スリーブ（１０）の透水係数は、０．５〜５ｃｍ／ｓ程度とされるのが好ましい。
【００５３】
更に、本発明においては、上記スリーブ（１０）をより簡便に適用するため、天板部（２）の４周囲には、スリーブ（１０）を装着した際にスリーブ（１０）の周縁に係合する鍔（２ｆ）が設けられているのが好ましい。鍔（２ｆ）の張出長さは、スリーブ（１０）の略厚みと同等である。
【００５４】
上記の様なスリーブ（１０）を装着する態様の本発明の成形体（１Ａ，１Ｂ）においては、盛土などを構築する際、スリーブ（１０）に嵌め込むだけで簡便にフィルター機能が得られ、そして、雨水などに伴って土が水溜室（５）に流入するのを防止できる。従って、図１１に示す態様の本発明の成形体（１Ａ，１Ｂ）においては、施工性を損なうことなく、耐久性能を一層向上できる。
【００５５】
【発明の効果】
各水溜室の入隅部に相当する位置に補強構造が備えられた本発明に係るＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体によれば、外側壁のスリット、仕切壁のスリット、天板部の溝および開口部を通じ、盛土などに浸透した水を水位の変化に倣ってより速やかに各水溜室に取り入れることが出来るため、冠水と同時に浮力を抑制でき、また、水位が下った場合には、外側壁のスリット、仕切壁のスリット、天板部の溝および開口部を通じ、各水溜室内の水を水位の変化に倣ってより速やかに排出できるため、水による荷重負荷をなくすことが出来、しかも、補強構造によって仕切壁および外側壁の下端部の強度を高めることが出来る。その結果、仕切壁および外側壁における変形量を一層小さくすることが出来、盛土表面に対する影響を一層低減できる。
【００５６】
また、各水溜室の一辺の中央に相当する位置に補強構造が備えられた本発明に係るＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体によれば、上記の発泡樹脂成形体と同様に、盛土などに浸透した水を水位の変化に倣ってより速やかに各水溜室に取り入れることが出来るため、冠水と同時に浮力を抑制でき、また、水位が下った場合には、各水溜室内の水を水位の変化に倣ってより速やかに排出できるため、水による荷重負荷をなくすことが出来、しかも、補強構造によって仕切壁および外側壁の下端部の強度を高めることが出来、仕切壁および外側壁における変形量を一層小さくすることが出来る。
【００５７】
また、透水性樹脂から成るスリーブが装着される上記の各態様の発泡樹脂成形体によれば、盛土などを構築する際、スリーブに嵌め込むだけで簡便にフィルター機能が得られ、雨水などに伴って土が水溜室に流入するのを防止でき、その結果、施工性を損なうことなく、耐久性能を一層向上できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係るＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体の一態様の外観を示す下面側から見た斜視図
【図２】図１のＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体の上面側から見た斜視図
【図３】図１のＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体の底面図
【図４】図１のＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体における排水構造を示す上面図
【図５】図１のＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体の補強構造示す縦断面図
【図６】図１のＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体の使用態様を示す斜視図
【図７】図１のＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体の垂直荷重に対する変形状態を示す縦断面図
【図８】本発明に係るＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体の他の態様を示す底面図
【図９】図８のＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体の排水構造を示す上面図
【図１０】図８のＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体のＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体の補強構造示す縦断面図
【図１１】本発明に係るＥＰＳ工法用の発泡樹脂成形体においてスリーブが装着される態様を示す斜視図
【図１２】従来の発泡樹脂成形体の外観を示す下面側から見た斜視図
【図１３】従来の発泡樹脂成形体における排水構造を示す上面図
【図１４】垂直荷重に対する従来の泡樹脂成形体の変形状態を示す縦断面図
【符号の説明】
１Ａ：発泡樹脂成形体
１Ｂ：発泡樹脂成形体
２：天板部
２ｆ：鍔
３：仕切壁
３２：厚肉部
３ｓ：スリット
４：外側壁
４２：厚肉部
４３：凹部
４５：凸部
４ｓ：スリット
５：水溜室
６：溝
７：開口部
８Ａ：補強構造
８Ｂ：補強構造
１０：スリーブ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a foamed resin molded article for the EPS construction method, and more specifically, is a foamed resin molded article applied to civil engineering work such as embankment and backfilling by the EPS construction method, and has sufficient buoyancy during flooding. The present invention relates to a foamed resin molded article for an EPS method which can be suppressed and is excellent in drainage ability of water accumulated inside, and which is improved so that load deformation is further reduced.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The EPS construction method is a construction method in which lightweight polystyrene blocks are piled up as embankment material and backfill material in civil engineering work such as embankment and backfilling. According to such construction method, the embankment load can be greatly reduced, and settlement and landslide can be prevented. Can be prevented. Furthermore, since the compressive force in the uniaxial direction is large and a clear shear region does not occur, it is possible to demonstrate excellent load resistance, and it is excellent in self-supporting property, and the lateral deformation is extremely small even when an overload is applied. Therefore, the back earth pressure can be greatly reduced. In addition, since it can be stacked manually, it can be easily and quickly constructed even in places where it is difficult to use large machines.
[0003]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-229379 describes a “foaming resin block for embankment” (foamed resin molded body) for applying the EPS method to a place where there is a risk of flooding such as soft ground. FIG. 12 is a perspective view seen from the lower surface side showing the appearance of the conventional foamed resin molded body disclosed in the publication, and FIG. 13 is a top view showing a drainage structure in the conventional foamed resin molded body. FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a deformed state of a conventional foamed resin molded body with respect to a vertical load.
[0004]
As shown in FIG. 12, the foamed resin molded body (91) is a box-shaped body whose upper surface side is substantially sealed by the top plate portion (92), and is formed by partition walls (93) arranged in a lattice shape. A large number of water reservoirs (95) are formed inside. Further, the adjacent water reservoir chambers (95) are mutually continuous by slits (vertical grooves) (93s) provided in the partition wall (93), and the water reservoir chambers (95) on the outer peripheral side are connected to the outer wall (94). ) Is continued to the outside by slits (longitudinal grooves) (94s) provided in. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 13, a number of drain grooves (96) are formed on the surface of the top plate portion (92), and each drain groove (96) penetrates into the water reservoir (95). A large number of small holes (97) are provided.
[0005]
The foamed resin molded body (91) is used in a state where the upper surface and the lower surface are attached to each other, that is, in a state where the foamed resin molded body (91) is alternately overturned. , The buoyancy acting on the foamed resin molded body (91) is obtained by taking water into the internal water reservoir chamber (95) through the slits (93s, 94s) and the small holes (97). (95) The water is suppressed by the load of water, and when the water level falls, the water in each water reservoir (95) is discharged to the outside through the slits (93s, 94s) and the small holes (97). ing.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the foamed resin molded body (91) has lower ends of the partition wall (93) and the outer wall (94) from the viewpoint of ease of mold molding and strength improvement at the corners of the water reservoirs (95). The portion (the edge on the open surface side) is formed thin. That is, when the vertical cross-sectional shape of one water reservoir (95) is seen, as shown in FIG. 14, the left and right partition walls (93) are thin at the lower end and spread in the shape of an eight letter. Therefore, in the state where the lower surfaces of the two foamed resin molded bodies (91) are attached to each other, the bulging deformation is remarkably increased at the lower end portion of the partition wall (93) with respect to the vertical load (the deformed portion is indicated by an arrow). Of course, the deformation with respect to the side load is also large.
[0007]
Further, the conventional foamed resin molded body (91) has a structure in which the slit (93s) is 1/2 to 1/3 of the height of the partition wall (93) and is cut out from the lower end side. Moreover, the small hole (97) of the top plate portion (92) is formed to be relatively small following the width of the drainage groove (96). Accordingly, when flooded in a short period of time due to heavy rain or the like, in the foamed resin molded product in the fall state (foamed resin molded product in the lower part of FIG. 14), the water injection speed is low, so that there is sufficient water in each water reservoir (95). There is a problem that it takes time to accumulate, and during that time, a load sufficient to oppose buoyancy cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the water withdraws early, the drainage speed is low, so that a large load is generated by the water accumulated in the water reservoir (95).
[0008]
Since the size of the deformation as described above and the water injection / drainage function act synergistically and may affect the durability of the structure, a further improved foamed resin molded body is desired. The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the object thereof is a foamed resin molded body applied to civil engineering work such as embankment and backfilling by the EPS method, and has sufficient buoyancy at the time of flooding. An object of the present invention is to provide a foamed resin molded article for an EPS method which can be suppressed and is excellent in the ability to drain water accumulated inside and which is further improved in load deformation.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the foamed resin molded body for the EPS method according to the present invention is formed in a box-like body having a lower surface opened and an upper surface substantially sealed by a top plate portion, and has a grid-like partition wall. A plurality of water reservoir chambers are formed in the interior, and slits are provided in the partition wall to connect the adjacent water reservoir chambers to each other, and the water reservoir chambers on the outer peripheral side are continuously connected to the outside. Foamed resin molded body for EPS method with slits on outer wall In In the top plate part, Arranged in a grid so that it is located in the approximate center of the water reservoir in plan view. Grooves are formed, and a large number of openings are arranged in a fixed pattern at positions along the partition wall or outer wall and not overlapping with the grooves, and in the corners of the respective water reservoir chambers in plan view The corresponding position is provided with a reinforcing structure in which a part of the partition wall or the outer wall on the lower surface side is bulged inside the water reservoir chamber.
[0010]
That is, in the above foamed resin molded body, the slits on the outer wall and the slits on the partition wall function to inject water penetrating from the surface such as embankment into each water reservoir chamber and discharge the water in each water reservoir chamber to the outside. To do. And when the foamed resin moldings are stacked one above the other with the bottom surfaces attached to each other, the openings arranged in a fixed pattern on the top plate are positioned so as to overlap each other between the foamed resin moldings In response to submergence or a drop in water level, water is quickly poured into each reservoir according to changes in the water level. of Immediately discharge the water in each reservoir according to the change. In addition, the reinforcing structure provided at a position corresponding to the corner of each water reservoir increases the strength of the mating portion and disperses the deformed portion between the upper and lower partition walls and the outer wall.
[0011]
In addition, the foamed resin molded body for the EPS method according to the present invention is formed into a box-like body having a lower surface opened and an upper surface substantially sealed by a top plate portion, and the partition wall is arranged in a lattice shape to form an interior. A plurality of water storage chambers are formed in the partition wall, and slits are provided in the partition wall for connecting the adjacent water storage chambers to each other, and slits for connecting the water storage chambers on the outer peripheral side to the outside are provided in the outer wall. Foamed resin molded body for EPS construction method In In the top plate part, Arranged in a grid so that it is located in the approximate center of the water reservoir in plan view. A groove is formed, and a large number of openings are arranged in a certain pattern at a position along the partition wall or the outer wall and not overlapping the groove, and in the plan view, at the center of one side of each water reservoir chamber The corresponding position is provided with a reinforcing structure in which a part of the partition wall or the outer wall on the lower surface side is bulged inside the water reservoir chamber.
[0012]
That is, in the above foamed resin molded body, the slits on the outer wall and the slits on the partition wall function to inject water penetrating from the surface such as embankment into each water reservoir chamber and discharge the water in each water reservoir chamber to the outside. To do. And when the foamed resin moldings are stacked one above the other with the bottom surfaces attached to each other, the openings arranged in a fixed pattern on the top plate are positioned so as to overlap each other between the foamed resin moldings In response to submergence or a drop in water level, water is quickly poured into each reservoir according to changes in the water level. of Immediately discharge the water in each reservoir according to the change. In addition, the reinforcing structure provided at a position corresponding to the center of one side of each water reservoir chamber increases the strength of the mating portion, and disperses the deformed portion between the upper and lower partition walls and the outer wall.
[0013]
Moreover, in the foamed resin molded body of each aspect described above, a filter function can be easily provided by attaching a sleeve made of a water-permeable resin and formed in a square frame shape to the outer periphery. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the soil from flowing into the water reservoir.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of a foamed resin molded body for an EPS method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view seen from the lower surface side showing the appearance of one embodiment of the foamed resin molded article for the EPS method according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view seen from the upper surface side. 3 is a bottom view of the foamed resin molding for the EPS method shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a top view showing a drainage structure. FIG. 5 shows a reinforcing structure of the foamed resin molded body for the EPS method shown in FIG. The It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view shown. Further, FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a usage mode of the foamed resin molded body for the EPS method shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a deformed state with respect to a vertical load.
[0015]
8 is a bottom view showing another embodiment of the foamed resin molded product for the EPS method according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a top view showing the drainage structure of the foamed resin molded product for the EPS method shown in FIG. FIG. FIG. 10 shows a foamed resin molding for the EPS method shown in FIG. Reinforced structure It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view shown. Furthermore, FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a mode in which a sleeve is mounted in the foamed resin molded article for the EPS method according to the present invention. Hereinafter, in the description of the embodiment, the foamed resin molded body for the EPS method is abbreviated as “molded body”.
[0016]
The molded body of the present invention is a lightweight polystyrene block used as embankment material or backfill material in the EPS method. As is well known, the EPS method is used for civil engineering such as soft ground embankment, road embankment, landslide embankment, widening embankment, steep slope embankment, waterway foundation, temporary road, backfilling of structures, backfilling upright walls, etc. Is a method of stacking lightweight foam blocks (foamed resin moldings) as embankment materials and backfill materials.
[0017]
First, the molded object which concerns on the 1st form of this invention is demonstrated. The molded body of the present invention is generally formed into a box-shaped body having a lower surface opened and an upper surface substantially sealed by a top plate portion (2), as indicated by reference numeral (1A) in FIGS. . In addition, a large number of water reservoir chambers (5) are defined by arranging partition walls (3) in a lattice shape inside, and each adjacent water reservoir chamber (5) is provided in the partition wall (3). Slits (3s) that are continuous with each other are provided, and slits (4s) that allow each of the water reservoir chambers (5) on the outer peripheral side to continue to the outside are provided on the outer wall (4).
[0018]
Examples of the material of the molded body (1A) include foamed resins such as foamed polystyrene, foamed polyethylene, foamed polypropylene, foamed polyurethane, and foamed polyvinyl chloride. In particular, expanded polystyrene is preferable from the viewpoint of improving moldability and processability and reducing cost. The mass per unit volume of the molded body (1A) is 0.03 to 0.1 t / m. Three Degree, preferably 0.04 to 0.05 t / m Three Degree. Such a molded body (1A) is integrally injection-molded together with the top plate portion (2) and the partition wall (3). From the viewpoint of workability and work efficiency, the molded body (1A) is formed, for example, in a square planar shape and designed to have an outer dimension of about 1000 × 1000 × 250 (height) mm.
[0019]
The upper surface of the molded body (1A) is sealed by a top plate portion (2) having an opening (7) described later, and the interior of the molded body (1A) is divided evenly. The partition walls (3) arranged in a grid pattern are partitioned into, for example, 16 water reservoirs (5). The water reservoir (5) is a room into which water flows through the slit (3s) and the slit (4s) during submergence, and the molded body (1A) is submerged by the water injection structure to the water reservoir (5). It is possible to regulate lifting due to buoyancy.
[0020]
The total volume of the water storage chamber (5) (for example, the total volume of 16 water storage chambers (5)) is a viewpoint of ensuring a required thickness of the partition wall (3) and the outer wall (4) and a required water injection amount for buoyancy. Accordingly, the apparent volume of the molded body (1A) is about 50 to 70%, preferably about 60%. Usually, when a molded object (1A) is shape | molded by the above external dimensions, the thickness of a partition wall (3) and an outer side wall (4) is set to about 25-40 mm, Preferably it is set to about 35 mm.
[0021]
The slit (3s) of the partition wall (3) is a slit cut out from the open surface side of the molded body (1A), that is, from the lower surface side to the inner surface of the top plate portion (2), and the slit (3s) The adjacent water reservoir chambers (5) are connected to each other by being provided at a substantially central portion of the partition wall (3) corresponding to the side wall of each water reservoir chamber (5). The opening width of the slit (3s) is about 10 to 30 mm, and the length of the slit (3s) is approximately equal to the height of the partition wall (3) in order to facilitate the movement of water between the water reservoirs (5). Equivalent.
[0022]
On the other hand, the slit (4s) on the outer wall (4) is a slit cut out from the edge of the top plate (2) toward the lower surface of the molded body (1A), and the slit (4s) Similar to the slit (3s), the water reservoir chamber (5) located on the outer peripheral side of the molded body (1A) by being provided at the substantially central portion of the outer wall (4) corresponding to the side wall of each water reservoir chamber (5). And the outside is continuous. The opening width of the slit (4s) is about 10 to 30 mm, and the length of the slit (4s) is a length that does not reach the lower end edge of the outer wall (4) in order to prevent a decrease in strength against the side load. Preferably, it is set to a length corresponding to approximately ½ of the height of the outer wall (4).
[0023]
As described above, in the molded body (1A), by providing the partition wall (3) and the outer wall (4) with slits (3s) and slits (4s) respectively, The water is quickly poured from the outside, and when the water level drops, the water in each water reservoir (5) is quickly drained to the outside. And since the slit (4s) is provided so that the lower end part side of an outer side wall (4) may be connected, sufficient intensity | strength with respect to a side load can be hold | maintained.
[0024]
Moreover, when using it so that a top plate part (2) may become an upper surface, in order to drain quickly the water which approached the upper surface side of the top plate part (2), in a top plate part (2), a groove | channel (6 ) Are formed. Moreover, in order to maintain the strength at the base of the partition wall (3) on the side of the top plate (2), the grooves (6) are formed in an array having a pattern different from that of the partition wall (3). Specifically, the grooves (6) are arranged in a lattice shape so as to be located at the approximate center of the water reservoir (5) in plan view. These grooves (6) have, for example, a width of about 10 mm and a depth of about 10 mm.
[0025]
Furthermore, it is preferable that the groove | channel (6) of a top-plate part (2) is following the base part of a slit (4s). That is, each slit (4s) of the outer wall (4) is a slit cut from the top plate (2) side as described above, and is formed at the base of the slit (4s) on the top plate (2) side. Has a continuous groove (6) on the top surface. Therefore, in the molded body (1A), the water that has entered the upper surface of the top plate (2) can be drained more efficiently.
[0026]
Further, the molded body (1A) of the present invention is usually used by being stacked in the vertical direction, but has a function of pouring water into the water reservoir chamber (5) during submergence and a function of draining the water reservoir chamber (5) when the water level is lowered. In order to further increase, a large number of openings (7) are arranged in a fixed pattern on the top plate (2). Moreover, these openings (7) are provided at positions along the partition wall (3) or the outer wall (4) in order to maintain the strength of the base of the partition wall (3) and the strength of the top plate (2). And it arrange | positions in the position which does not overlap with a groove | channel (6). Specifically, the opening (7) is formed in, for example, a right-angled isosceles triangle having a base length of about 7 cm, and is provided at the four corners of each water reservoir (5) in plan view.
[0027]
Furthermore, the molded body (1A) of the present invention has a position corresponding to the corner of each water reservoir (5) in plan view, i.e., where the partition walls (3) intersect, in order to further reduce load deformation. In the corner, the corner where the partition wall (3) and the outer wall (4) intersect, and the corner of the outer wall (4), a part of the lower partition wall (3) or outer wall (4) is provided. A reinforcing structure (8A) bulged inside the water reservoir (5) is provided. The reinforcing structure (8A) is configured as a thick-walled portion with the four corners of the water reservoir (5) projecting inward when viewed in plan from the lower surface side.
[0028]
The thick-walled portions at the four corners as the reinforcing structure (8A) are formed so that the projected area of the plane is smaller than the area of the opening (7) from the relationship of molding the molded body (1A) with a split mold. The planar shape is formed into a right isosceles triangle having a hypotenuse length of about 6.5 cm. Further, the height of the thick wall portion is a pressure resistance required within a range from 1/3 of the height of the partition wall (3) or the outer wall (4) to the inner surface of the top plate portion (2). It is set according to the strength. For example, the height of the thick portion is about 8 cm from the lower surface of the molded body (1A). The thick wall portions at the four corners of the water reservoir (5) as described above increase the pressure receiving area of the lower surface of the molded body (1A) and increase the strength of the lower ends of the partition wall (3) and the outer wall (4). The amount of deformation of the partition wall (3) and the outer wall (4) with respect to vertical load and side load can be reduced.
[0029]
Moreover, from the viewpoint of further reducing load deformation as described above, the partition wall (3) and the outer wall (4) constituting the four wall surfaces of each water reservoir (5) are directed to the top plate (2) side. Accordingly, it is preferable to form a thick wall. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the surfaces of the partition wall (3) and the outer wall (4) corresponding to the inside of each water reservoir (5) are provided on the surfaces except for the portion of the reinforcing structure (8A). Thick portions (32) and (42) that gradually protrude toward the inner side are formed toward the inner surface of the plate portion (2).
[0030]
By the way, as described above, the molded body (1A) of the present invention is used in a stacked manner. At that time, the two molded bodies (1A) are attached to the opening surface side (lower surface side) to form one block. Constitute. Therefore, in order to improve the workability and prevent the displacement when stacked, the lower surface of the thick portion constituting the reinforcing structure (8A) is mutually attached when the lower surfaces of the two molded bodies (1A) are attached to each other. The recessed part (43) and convex part (45) which fit are formed.
[0031]
The concave portion (43) and the convex portion (45) may be of any suitable shape as long as they can be fitted. For example, the planar shape is formed in an isosceles triangle having a hypotenuse length of about 5 cm. Then, for example, the concave portion (43) is formed on the reinforcing structure (8A) at a position along one diagonal line when viewed from the bottom so that the outer periphery completely coincides when the two molded bodies (1A) are attached to each other. The convex portion (45) is disposed on the lower surface, and the convex portion (45) is disposed on the lower surface of the reinforcing structure (8A) at a position along another diagonal line.
[0032]
For example, when the molded body (1A) of the present invention is used as a fill material in place of soil, as described above, one block is constituted by a combination of the two, but the concave portion (43) and the convex portion (45). By attaching the lower surface of each molded body (1A) to the state in which the two are fitted together, a square block as the embankment material can be easily configured without shifting from each other. Then, after arranging a required number of such blocks in the horizontal and vertical directions according to the terrain, the whole is buried with soil, and the embankment is constructed by finishing the surface with crushed stone, asphalt or the like.
[0033]
In the constructed embankment, water permeates the surface asphalt or the like due to rain or the like. At that time, in each molded body (1A) constituting the embankment, the slit (4s) of the outer wall (4) The water that has permeated from the surface is introduced into each water reservoir chamber (5) on the outer peripheral side, and the slit (3s) of the partition wall (3) allows the water that has flowed into each water reservoir chamber (5) on the outer peripheral side to further flow into each inner water reservoir. Introduce into chamber (5). Moreover, the groove | channel (6) of a top-plate part (2) is the slit of an outer wall (4) which permeate | transmitted the water which osmose | permeated the site | part which the top-plate parts (2) between two blocks (molded object (1A)) contact. Guide to (4s).
[0034]
Further, when the embankment is submerged from below with soft ground or the like, in addition to the water injection function of the slit (4s) of the outer wall (4) and the slit (3s) of the partition wall (3) as described above, the molded body (1A) Since the opening (7) arranged in a fixed pattern on the top plate (2) of the top plate (2) is positioned so as to overlap between the blocks (molded body (1A)), the upper block (molded body (1A)) Water is directly injected into the water reservoir chamber (5) of the lower block as the water level rises. That is, the molded body (1A) of the present invention can quickly inject water into each water reservoir (5) according to the change in the water level even when the water level rises, and can effectively prevent lifting by suppressing buoyancy. .
[0035]
On the other hand, when the water level drops in the state where the embankment is flooded, the slit (4s) of the outer wall (4) and the slit (3s) of the partition wall (3) 5) Water is discharged to the outside. Moreover, the groove | channel (6) of a top-plate part (2) discharges the water which entered the site | part which the top-plate parts (2) between two blocks contact | abut to the outer-side wall (4) side. Further, the opening (7) arranged in a fixed pattern on the top plate (2) sequentially stores water accumulated in the water reservoir (5) of the upper block (molded body (1A)). The body (1A)) is discharged into the water reservoir (5). Therefore, when the molded body (1A) of the present invention falls in water level, of Following the change, the water in each water reservoir (5) can be quickly discharged, and a large load due to water can be prevented.
[0036]
Further, in the molded body (1A) of the present invention, the grooves (6) of the top plate portion (2) are formed in a different pattern arrangement from the partition wall (3), and the openings (7) are grooves ( Since it is formed at a position that does not overlap with 6), the strength of the base portion of the partition wall (3) and the strength of the top plate portion (2) itself can be further increased. And the thick part as the reinforcing structure (8A) provided at the position corresponding to the corner of each water reservoir (5) is the lower end of the partition wall (3) and the outer wall (4), that is, 2 When the two molded bodies (1A) are attached together, the strength of the attached portion can be increased, and the deformation amount in the partition wall (3) and the outer wall (4) can be further reduced.
[0037]
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, when one set of blocks is configured by attaching two molded bodies (1A), the upper and lower water reservoirs (5) are configured as continuous spaces. The partition wall (3) apparently integrated in the direction is, for example, such that the portion indicated by the arrow is somewhat deformed with respect to a vertical load. In other words, in the partition wall (3) that is integrated in the vertical direction, the deformed portion due to the vertical load can be distributed to two places, that is, the upper and lower partition walls (3) or the upper and lower outer walls (4). Therefore, the overall deformation amount can be further reduced.
[0038]
As a result, the molded body (1A) of the present invention can further reduce the influence on the embankment surface. Furthermore, the thick part (32) formed in the partition wall (3) and the thick part (42) formed in the outer wall (4) are strong against load on the partition wall (3) and outer wall (4). Can be further increased and deformation can be further reduced. Incidentally, in the molded body (1A) of the present invention, the deformation amount of the partition wall (3) and the outer wall (4) is reduced to about ½ compared to the deformation amount in the conventional molded body shown in FIG. I was able to do it.
[0039]
Next, the molded object which concerns on the 2nd form of this invention is demonstrated. The molded body according to the second embodiment of the present invention is, as shown by reference numeral (1B) in FIGS. 8 to 10, schematically a box whose lower surface is opened and whose upper surface is substantially sealed by the top plate portion (2). It is formed into a body. In addition, a large number of water reservoir chambers (5) are defined by arranging partition walls (3) in a lattice shape inside, and each adjacent water reservoir chamber (5) is mutually connected to the partition wall (3). Slits (3s) are provided to be continuous, and slits (4s) are provided on the outer wall (4) to allow each water reservoir chamber (5) on the outer peripheral side to continue to the outside.
[0040]
In the molded body (1B), the slit (3s) of the partition wall (3) and the slit (4s) of the outer wall (4) are respectively on the lower surface side from the viewpoint of the arrangement relationship and formability of grooves (6) described later. It is a slit cut from. That is, the basic configuration of the molded body (1B) is the same as that of the above-described molded body (1A) shown in FIG. 1 except for the arrangement of the slits (4s) on the outer wall (4).
[0041]
Moreover, in the molded body (1B), the groove (6) and the opening (7) are provided in the top plate portion (2) as in the above-described molded body (1A). The grooves (6) are formed in a pattern arrangement different from that of the partition wall (3) in order to maintain the strength at the base of the partition wall (3). Specifically, the grooves (6) are arranged in a lattice shape so as to be positioned on a diagonal line of the water reservoir chamber (5) in plan view. The dimensional specification of the groove (6) is substantially the same as in the molded body (1A).
[0042]
The opening (7) is provided at a position along the partition wall (3) or the outer wall (4) in order to maintain the strength of the base and top plate (2) of the partition wall (3) and increase the opening area. And many are arrange | positioned by the fixed pattern for drainage in the position which does not overlap with a groove | channel (6). Specifically, the opening (7) is formed in, for example, a trapezoid having an upper base length of about 3.5 cm and a lower base length of about 7 cm, and each reservoir chamber (5) in plan view. ) At the center of each of the four sides.
[0043]
The molded body (1B) of the present invention has a partition wall (3) or an outer wall on the lower surface side at a position corresponding to the center of one side of each water reservoir (5) in plan view in order to further reduce load deformation. (4) A reinforcing structure (8B) is provided in which one part is bulged inside the water reservoir (5). The reinforcing structure (8B) is configured as a thick portion in which the centers of the four sides of the water reservoir (5) project inward when viewed from the lower surface side.
[0044]
As with the above-described molded body (1A), the four-side thick-walled portion as the reinforcing structure (8B) has a planar projected area that is larger than the area of the opening (7) because of the molding with the split mold. Is formed in a small area. For example, the planar shape is formed in a trapezoidal shape having an upper base length of about 3 cm and a lower base length of about 6.5 cm. The height of the thick part is substantially the same as in the molded body (1A). Such a thick portion increases the pressure receiving area of the lower surface of the molded body (1B) and increases the strength of the lower end portions of the partition wall (3) and the outer wall (4). The amount of deformation of (3) and the outer wall (4) can be reduced. In addition, in order not to reduce the strength of the partition wall (3) and the outer wall (4), the slits (3s) and (4s) are formed at a substantially central portion of the reinforcing structure (8B).
[0045]
Further, in the molded body (1B), as with the above-described molded body (1A), from the viewpoint of further reducing load deformation, the partition walls (3) and the outer sides constituting the four wall surfaces of each water reservoir (5) are provided. The wall (4) is preferably formed thicker toward the top plate (2) side. That is, on the surfaces of the partition wall (3) and the outer wall (4) corresponding to the inside of each water reservoir (5), the inside of the top plate (2) is excluded except for the portion of the reinforcing structure (8B). Thick portions (32) and (42) that gradually protrude inward toward the surface are formed.
[0046]
Similar to the above-described molded body (1A), the molded body (1B) of the present invention constitutes one block by two combinations when used as, for example, a filling material. And when rainwater etc. penetrate | infiltrate into the constructed embankment, in each molded object which comprises embankment, the slit (4s) of an outer side wall (4) is the outer periphery side of the molded object (1A) with the water which permeated from the surface of the embankment. The slit (3s) of the partition wall (3) introduces water that has flowed into the water reservoir chambers (5) on the outer peripheral side into the water reservoir chambers (5) on the inner side.
[0047]
Furthermore, when the embankment is submerged from below, in addition to the water injection function of the slit (4s) of the outer wall (4) and the slit (3s) of the partition wall (3) as described above, the top plate (2) is fixed to the top plate (2). Since the openings (7) arranged in a pattern are positioned so as to overlap each other, the water block chamber (5) of the upper block is displaced from the water pool chamber (5) of the lower block as the water level rises. Inject water directly. Therefore, the molded body (1B) of the present invention can quickly inject water into each water reservoir chamber (5) following the change in the water level even when the water level rises, and can effectively prevent lifting by suppressing buoyancy. .
[0048]
On the other hand, when the water level drops, the slits (4s) of the outer wall (4) and the slits (3s) of the partition wall (3) allow the water in each reservoir chamber (5) to be discharged to the outside by the reverse function of the case of water injection. To discharge. Moreover, the groove | channel (6) of a top-plate part (2) discharges the water which entered the site | part which the top-plate parts (2) between two blocks contact | abut to the outer-side wall (4) side. Furthermore, the opening (7) arranged in a fixed pattern on the top plate (2) sequentially discharges water accumulated in the water reservoir (5) of the upper block to the water reservoir (5) of the lower block. . Therefore, when the molded body (1B) of the present invention has the water level lowered, of Following the change, the water in each water reservoir (5) can be quickly discharged, and a large load due to water can be prevented.
[0049]
Further, in the molded body (1B) of the present invention, the grooves (6) are formed in an array having a pattern different from that of the partition wall (3), and the openings (7) are formed at positions that do not overlap with the grooves (6). Therefore, the strength of the base portion of the partition wall (3) and the strength of the top plate portion (2) itself can be further increased. And the thick part as the reinforcing structure (8B) provided at the position corresponding to the center of one side of each water reservoir (5) is the partition wall (3) and the outer side as in the molded body (1A). The lower end of the wall (4), that is, the strength of the mating portion when two molded bodies are mated can be increased, and the deformed portion can be attached to the upper and lower partition walls (3) or the upper and lower outer walls (4). Since it can disperse | distribute, the deformation amount in a partition wall (3) and an outer side wall (4) can be made still smaller.
[0050]
As a result, the molded body (1B) of the present invention can further reduce the influence on the embankment surface. Furthermore, the thick part (32) formed in the partition wall (3) and the thick part (42) formed in the outer wall (4) are strong against load on the partition wall (3) and outer wall (4). Can be further increased and deformation can be further reduced.
[0051]
In addition, the molded body (1A) and the molded body (1B) of the present invention as described above, when constructing embankment or the like, through the slits (4s) and (3s) or the opening (7), the water reservoir (5) There is a risk that soil will flow into and accumulate. Therefore, in the molded bodies (1A, 1B) of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 11, a sleeve (10) as a filter medium made of a water-permeable resin and previously formed in a rectangular frame shape is mounted on the outer periphery. (The molded body (1A) is illustrated in FIG. 11).
[0052]
The sleeve (10) can be formed of various porous materials as long as muddy water can be filtered. For example, as the sleeve (10), a nonwoven fabric is compression-molded into a frame shape, a chip-shaped resin molded piece is steam-heated in a mold and molded into a frame shape, or a particulate resin molding Examples include one in which a piece is filled into a mold together with an adhesive and cured. In any case, the sleeve (10) preferably has a water permeability coefficient of about 0.5 to 5 cm / s.
[0053]
Further, in the present invention, in order to more easily apply the sleeve (10), the periphery of the sleeve (10) is engaged with the periphery of the top plate (2) when the sleeve (10) is mounted. It is preferable that a ridge (2f) is provided. The overhang length of the flange (2f) is equivalent to the approximate thickness of the sleeve (10).
[0054]
In the molded body (1A, 1B) of the present invention in which the sleeve (10) as described above is mounted, when constructing embankment or the like, a filter function can be obtained simply by fitting into the sleeve (10), And it can prevent that soil flows in into a water storage chamber (5) with rain water. Therefore, in the molded product (1A, 1B) of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 11, durability can be further improved without impairing workability.
[0055]
【The invention's effect】
According to the foamed resin molded article for the EPS method according to the present invention, in which a reinforcing structure is provided at a position corresponding to the corner of each water reservoir, the slit of the outer wall, the slit of the partition wall, the groove of the top plate portion, and Through the opening, water that has penetrated into the embankment and the like can be taken into each reservoir more quickly following the change in the water level, so that buoyancy can be suppressed simultaneously with flooding, and when the water level drops, the outer wall The water in each reservoir chamber can be discharged more quickly following the change in the water level through the slits, partition wall slits, top plate grooves and openings. The strength of the lower end portions of the partition wall and the outer wall can be increased by the structure. As a result, the amount of deformation in the partition wall and the outer wall can be further reduced, and the influence on the embankment surface can be further reduced.
[0056]
In addition, according to the foamed resin molded body for EPS construction method according to the present invention, in which the reinforcing structure is provided at the position corresponding to the center of one side of each water reservoir chamber, as in the above-mentioned foamed resin molded body, it penetrates into embankment and the like. As the water level changes, the buoyancy can be suppressed at the same time as the submergence, and when the water level drops, the water in each water reservoir chamber changes to the water level. Since it can be discharged more quickly, the load load due to water can be eliminated, and the strength of the lower ends of the partition wall and the outer wall can be increased by the reinforcing structure, and the amount of deformation in the partition wall and the outer wall can be further increased. It can be made smaller.
[0057]
Further, according to the foamed resin molded body of each of the above aspects to which a sleeve made of a water permeable resin is attached, when constructing embankment or the like, a filter function can be obtained simply by fitting into the sleeve, and accompanying rainwater etc. Thus, the soil can be prevented from flowing into the water reservoir, and as a result, durability can be further improved without impairing the workability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an external appearance of an embodiment of a foamed resin molded article for an EPS method according to the present invention as viewed from the lower surface side.
2 is a perspective view of the foamed resin molding for the EPS method shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the upper surface side.
3 is a bottom view of the foamed resin molding for the EPS method of FIG. 1. FIG.
4 is a top view showing a drainage structure in the foamed resin molding for the EPS method shown in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a reinforcing structure of the foamed resin molded body for the EPS method shown in FIG.
6 is a perspective view showing a usage mode of the foamed resin molded body for the EPS method shown in FIG. 1;
7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a deformation state with respect to a vertical load of the foamed resin molding for the EPS method in FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a bottom view showing another embodiment of the foamed resin molding for the EPS method according to the present invention.
9 is a top view showing a drainage structure of the foamed resin molded body for the EPS method shown in FIG.
FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a reinforcing structure of the foamed resin molded product for the EPS method of the EPS method shown in FIG. 8;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a mode in which a sleeve is mounted in the foamed resin molded article for the EPS method according to the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of a conventional foamed resin molded body as seen from the lower surface side.
FIG. 13 is a top view showing a drainage structure in a conventional foamed resin molded body.
FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a deformation state of a conventional foam resin molded body with respect to a vertical load.
[Explanation of symbols]
1A: Foamed resin molding
1B: Foamed resin molding
2: Top plate
2f: 鍔
3: Partition wall
32: Thick part
3s: Slit
4: Outer wall
42: Thick part
43: recess
45: Convex part
4s: Slit
5: Reservoir chamber
6: Groove
7: Opening
8A: Reinforcement structure
8B: Reinforcement structure
10: Sleeve
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000091631A JP4331856B2 (en) | 2000-03-29 | 2000-03-29 | Foamed resin molding for EPS method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000091631A JP4331856B2 (en) | 2000-03-29 | 2000-03-29 | Foamed resin molding for EPS method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001279673A JP2001279673A (en) | 2001-10-10 |
| JP4331856B2 true JP4331856B2 (en) | 2009-09-16 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000091631A Expired - Fee Related JP4331856B2 (en) | 2000-03-29 | 2000-03-29 | Foamed resin molding for EPS method |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP4331856B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4494959B2 (en) * | 2004-12-27 | 2010-06-30 | アキレス株式会社 | Foam resin block for embankment |
| CN104278683B (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-06-29 | 浙江普天园林建筑发展有限公司 | The method on top board greening heap slope, storehouse, a kind of ground |
| CN106930391B (en) * | 2017-04-22 | 2023-01-24 | 郑州市市政工程总公司 | Cast-in-place drainage channel structure of top plate for formwork-free construction and construction method |
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2000
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP2001279673A (en) | 2001-10-10 |
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