JP4331014B2 - Chemical oxygen iodine laser device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a chemical oxygen iodine laser device.

  The structure of a conventional chemical oxygen iodine laser device is shown in FIG. In the figure, 101 is a laser duct, 102 is a laser resonator, 111 is a supersonic nozzle, and 104 is an injector for supplying iodine.

  An excited oxygen generator (not shown) that generates singlet excited oxygen by some means is installed on the upstream side of the laser duct 101, and the excited oxygen generated by this excited oxygen generator and nitrogen gas or the like are used. After mixing with the other gas, this mixed gas flow (first flow 105) is guided upstream of the supersonic nozzle 111.

  On the other hand, a mixed gas flow (second flow 106) obtained by mixing gaseous iodine molecules with another gas such as nitrogen gas is ejected from the injector 104 into the laser duct 101, upstream of the supersonic nozzle 111. In the first stream.

  The supersonic nozzle 111 supersonically expands the mixed gas flow of the first flow 105 and the second flow 106, realizes a temperature and pressure suitable for laser oscillation in the laser resonator 102, and The energy of excited iodine atoms generated by the reaction is extracted as laser light. A chemical reaction related to laser oscillation is represented by the following reaction formula.

  Among the chemical reactions represented by the above formula, the reaction of the formula (4) is a reaction that loses energy by deactivating excited iodine atoms by water molecules contained in the mixed stream, and therefore suppresses this reaction as much as possible. It is desirable to do. In order to generate a supersonic flow, it is necessary to obtain a pressure several times as high as the static pressure inside the laser resonator 102 upstream of the supersonic nozzle 111. Since the second stream 106 is mixed upstream of the supersonic nozzle 111 and the reaction rate of the equation (4) is proportional to the pressure at the mixing point of the first stream 105 and the second stream 106, This reaction is promoted by pressure, and energy loss increases. The deactivation reaction has a great influence on the oscillation efficiency, and the oscillation efficiency obtained with the laser device having this conventional configuration is, for example, 23.4%.

In order to minimize the influence of the reaction of the equation (4) and obtain higher oscillation efficiency than the method shown in FIG. 5, it is necessary to reduce the pressure at the mixing point of the first flow and the second flow as much as possible. There is. As a method for realizing this without changing the amount of gas used, so-called supersonic mixing is known in which these flows are mixed in a region where the pressure is reduced by supersonic expansion.

  However, if these flows are supersonic, the stabilization effect (see Non-Patent Document 1) suppresses the generation of vortices with the direction perpendicular to the mainstream direction as the axis, and mixing in the subsonic region is shown in FIG. Compared with the method, it is difficult to quickly mix two or more kinds of gases. For this reason, even if supersonic mixing is applied to an apparatus that does not have a mechanism for promoting gas flow mixing inside the laser duct, the first flow and the second flow until the gas flow reaches the laser resonator. It is impossible to obtain a state in which the flow is sufficiently mixed as a laser medium for obtaining high oscillation efficiency.

Non-Patent Document 2 discloses a longitudinal vortex mixing type chemical oxygen-iodine laser device as an apparatus that has improved the above-described problems in the prior art. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of this apparatus. In this chemical oxygen iodine laser apparatus, a mixing nozzle 103 is provided in a laser duct 101, and a first flow 105 containing excited oxygen supplied from the upstream side of the duct is supersonically expanded by the mixing nozzle 103 and is also mainstream. Generates a vertical vortex centered on the direction. FIG. 7 is a partial arrow view of the mixing nozzle as viewed from the direction D ₁ in FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a partial arrow view of the mixing nozzle as viewed from the direction D ₂ through the duct upper wall. FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view of the mixing nozzle.

  The mixing nozzle 103 includes a plurality of choke members 108. As shown in FIG. 9, the choke member 108 has a long bottom surface 108a and a long slant inclined from both ends of the bottom surface 108a in an acute angle direction. It has a surface 108b and a short inclined surface 108c, and its side surface 108d has a substantially triangular shape composed of sides of these three surfaces.

  These choke members 108 include a choke member 108A arranged so that the short inclined surface 108c is on the upstream side of the duct and the bottom surface 108a is on the lower side, and is inclined downward toward the downstream side of the duct. The choke member 108B, which is disposed so that the surface 108c is on the upstream side of the duct and the bottom surface 108a is on the upper side and is inclined upward toward the downstream side of the duct, has an X shape in a side view (FIG. 6). And see FIG. 9).

  The first flow 105 introduced from the upstream side of the duct is supersonically expanded in a direction perpendicular to the main flow direction (longitudinal direction of the duct) of the first flow 105 by each choke member 108 of the mixing nozzle 103. The direction of expansion is opposite for each portion passing through the mixing nozzle 103, that is, corresponding to the gap between adjacent choke members 108A and the gap between adjacent choke members B. This adjacent reverse expansion creates a supersonic longitudinal vortex about the main flow direction of the first flow 105.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in the vicinity of the tip 103 a on the downstream side of the duct of the mixing nozzle 103, a vertical vortex is generated on the upper wall surface 101 a side and the lower wall surface 101 b side of the laser duct 101. An injector 104 that supplies a second flow 106 containing iodine molecules to one flow 105 is provided so that the jet ports 104a are arranged at a uniform interval. Further, the tip 103a of the mixing nozzle is disposed at a distance exceeding 1 mm from the duct wall surface so as not to disturb the iodine ejection.

Since the vertical vortex of the first flow 105 generated by passing through the mixing nozzle 103 spreads from the upper wall to the lower wall of the laser duct 101, the jet outlet of the injector 104 provided on the upper and lower wall surfaces of the laser duct 101 The second flow 106 ejected from 104a is entrained in this vertical vortex to promote mixing. Thus, since mixing is promoted by the longitudinal vortex, it is possible to obtain a sufficient mixing state before reaching the laser resonator 102 even in a supersonic flow state as compared with the above-described conventional technology. And it is possible to mix the first flow and the second flow at a lower pressure than the method shown in FIG. 5 to mix before supersonic expansion, suppress the reaction of the above-described formula (4), More energy can be used.
S. Sarkar, "The stabilizing effect of compressibility in turbulent shear flow", J. Fluid Mech. 282, pp.163-186, 1995 Masamori, Endo, Takayuki Hirata, Tatsuo Osaka, Kenzo Nanri, Shuzaburo Takeda, and Tomoo Fujioka, "Supersonic Mixing of Chemical Oxygen-Iodine Laser with an AW strut", AIAA 33rd Plasmadynamics and Lasers Conference, AIAA-2002-2130

  As described above, in this vertical vortex mixing type chemical oxygen iodine laser apparatus, the reaction of the above formula (4) is suppressed and the mixing in the supersonic flow is promoted, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. Yes. However, in terms of oscillation efficiency, 22.3% is not fully utilized.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems in the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide a chemical oxygen iodine laser device having high oscillation efficiency.

  In order to improve the oscillation efficiency by taking advantage of the longitudinal vortex mixing type chemical oxygen iodine laser device, the present inventor has performed a first flow including excited oxygen and a second flow including iodine in the laser resonator. A study was conducted to further improve the mixing state. In chemical oxygen iodine lasers, in order to achieve high efficiency, the first flow and the second flow are always considered with the highest priority in order to achieve high efficiency. In order to perform efficient mixing, it has been considered that it is appropriate to uniformly arrange the nozzle outlets for ejecting iodine at a uniform pitch. Then, it has been considered that it is necessary to install the mixing nozzle so that the tip of the mixing nozzle is separated from the wall surface of the duct by a certain distance so as not to disturb the jet of iodine from the injector.

  However, the injection port of the injector is disposed at a specific position corresponding to the choke member A inclined downward in the flow direction and the choke member B inclined upward, and the tip of the mixing nozzle is placed on the duct wall surface. It has been found that the oscillation efficiency can be remarkably improved by installing the antennas close to or in contact with each other, and the present invention has been completed.

The chemical oxygen iodine laser device of the present invention includes a laser duct,
A mixing nozzle that is provided in the laser duct and generates a longitudinal vortex around the main flow direction while making the first flow containing excited oxygen molecules supplied from the upstream side of the duct supersonic;
A second flow including iodine molecules with respect to the first flow provided on the upper wall surface side and the lower wall surface side of the laser duct at a position near the tip portion on the downstream side of the duct of the mixing nozzle, and generating a vertical vortex. An injector for supplying,
A laser resonator provided downstream of the laser duct and supplied with a mixed flow of the first flow and the second flow;
The mixing nozzle includes a plurality of choke members, and the choke member has a long bottom surface, and a long slant surface and a short slant surface that are inclined in an acute angle direction from both ends of the bottom surface. Is a substantially triangular shape composed of sides on these three surfaces,
These choke members have a short inclined surface on the duct upstream side, a bottom surface on the lower side, and a choke member A arranged to be inclined downward toward the duct downstream side, and a short inclined surface on the duct. The choke members B, which are upstream and have a bottom surface on the upper side and are inclined so as to incline upward toward the duct downstream side, are alternately connected to form an X shape in a side view,
A jet port of the injector provided on the upper wall surface side of the laser duct is disposed at a position facing the choke member A at a predetermined interval corresponding to the choke member B, and is provided on the lower wall surface side of the laser duct. Further, the jet port of the injector is characterized by being arranged at a position facing the choke member B at a predetermined interval corresponding to the choke member A.

  In the chemical oxygen iodine laser device of the present invention, the tip of the mixing nozzle on the downstream side of the duct is in contact with the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the laser duct, or the width of the gap is within 1 mm. It is a feature.

  In the present invention described above, the choke member has a height from the bottom surface of 30 to 40% of the width between the upper and lower wall surfaces of the laser duct, and the choke member A and the choke member B are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the duct on the bottom surface. It is preferable that the angle with respect to the direction is 6 to 9 degrees.

  According to the chemical oxygen iodine laser apparatus of the present invention, high oscillation efficiency can be obtained.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a chemical oxygen iodine laser device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the part corresponding to the prior art mentioned above is shown with the reference numeral 100 omitted. In the chemical oxygen iodine laser apparatus of the present embodiment, a mixing nozzle 3 is installed in the laser duct 1, and the upper wall surface 1a side and the lower wall surface 1b side of the laser duct 1 at positions near the tip 3a of the mixing nozzle 3 are arranged. An injector 4 for ejecting iodine is installed. A laser resonator 2 is installed on the downstream side of the laser duct 1.

  An excited oxygen generator (not shown) that generates singlet excited oxygen by some means is installed on the upstream side of the laser duct 1, and the excited oxygen generated by this excited oxygen generator and nitrogen gas or the like are used. After mixing with the other gas, this mixed gas stream (first stream 5) is guided upstream of the mixing nozzle 3.

The subsonic first flow 5 is supersonically expanded by the mixing nozzle 3 and generates a vertical vortex about the main flow direction. FIG. 2 is a partial arrow view of the mixing nozzle as viewed from the direction D ₁ in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a partial arrow view of the mixing nozzle as viewed from the direction D ₂ through the duct upper wall. FIG. 4 is a side view of the mixing nozzle.

  The mixing nozzle 3 is composed of a plurality of choke members 8. As shown in FIG. 4, the choke member 8 has a long bottom surface 8a and a long inclined surface inclined in an acute angle direction from both ends of the bottom surface 8a. 8b and a short inclined surface 8c, and its side surface 8d has a substantially triangular shape constituted by sides of these three surfaces.

  These choke members 8 have a short inclined surface 8c on the upstream side of the duct, a bottom surface 8a on the lower side, and a choke member 8A arranged so as to incline downward toward the downstream side of the duct, The surface 8c is the upstream side of the duct, the bottom surface 8a is the upper side, and the choke members 8B arranged so as to incline upward toward the downstream side of the duct are alternately connected so as to form an X shape in a side view. Has been.

The mixing nozzle 3 has a tip 3a on the downstream side of the duct, the upper wall surface 1 of the laser duct 1.
a and the lower wall surface 1b are in contact with each other, or the width W of these gaps (FIG. 4) is set within 1 mm.

In order to obtain high oscillation efficiency in the present invention, the choke member 3 has a height h ₁ (FIG. 4) from the bottom surface of 30 to 40% with respect to the width h ₂ between the upper and lower wall surfaces of the laser duct 1. It is particularly preferable to arrange the choke member 8A and the choke member 8B so that the angle θ with respect to the duct longitudinal direction of the bottom surface 8a is 6 to 9 degrees.

  The first flow 5 introduced from the upstream side of the duct is supersonically expanded in a direction perpendicular to the main flow direction of the first flow 5 by each choke member 8 of the mixing nozzle 3. This expansion direction is opposite for each portion passing through the mixing nozzle 3, that is, in correspondence with the gap between the adjacent choke members 8A and the gap between the adjacent choke members 8B. This adjacent expansion in the opposite direction generates a supersonic longitudinal vortex about the main flow direction of the first flow 5.

  The injector 4 installed in the vicinity of the tip 3a of the mixing nozzle 3 is a mixed gas flow (second flow 6) obtained by mixing iodine molecules in a gaseous state with another gas such as nitrogen gas from the jet nozzle 4a. Into the laser duct 1 and the second stream is mixed with the supersonically expanded first stream 5. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the ejection port 4a of the injector 4 provided on the upper wall surface 1a side of the laser duct 1 is disposed only at a position facing the choke member 8A, and is provided on the lower wall surface 1b side. Further, the jet nozzle 4a of the injector 4 is disposed only at a position facing the choke member 8B.

  The injector 4 on the duct upper wall surface 1a side is ejected through the second flow 6 containing iodine from the ejection port 4a through the choke member 8B toward the tip of the choke member 8A. On the other hand, the injector 4 on the duct lower wall surface 1b side ejects the second flow 6 containing iodine from the ejection port 4a through the choke member 8A toward the tip of the choke member 8B.

  The second flow 6 ejected from the injector 4 is entrained in the longitudinal vortex of the first flow 5 to promote mixing, and the first flow and the second flow are laser resonators installed downstream of the duct. 2 is mixed to a level sufficient as a laser medium, and laser oscillation is performed by emitting light by the laser resonator 2.

  The chemical oxygen iodine laser device of this embodiment has a very high oscillation efficiency compared to the conventional one. For example, a copper duct member having a height of 5.0 mm from the bottom surface and a length of 68 mm in the longitudinal direction of the bottom surface is used for a laser duct having a width of 15 mm between the upper and lower wall surfaces, and eight choke members A and In a laser device manufactured by installing a mixing nozzle in which seven choke members B are alternately connected, an oscillation efficiency of 33% was achieved, and an oscillation efficiency significantly higher than 30% was obtained compared to the conventional one.

  In the present embodiment, the injector outlet 4a on the duct upper wall surface is disposed at a position facing the choke member 8A at a predetermined interval corresponding to the choke member 8B, and the injector outlet 4a on the duct lower wall surface is provided. Since the choke member 8A is arranged at a position facing the choke member 8B at a predetermined interval, the second flow containing iodine is injected only in the direction of rotation of the longitudinal vortex in the first flow. . Therefore, the second flow is efficiently drawn into the first flow so as to strengthen the vertical vortex without resisting the vertical vortex, and thereby the second flow is strongly entrained in the first flow. It is thought that mixing proceeds rapidly. At the same time, since the mixing nozzle is installed as described above, the flow velocity (Mach number) of the mixed flow of the first flow and the second flow is controlled so as to be in a sufficiently mixed state in the laser resonator. Thus, it is considered that high oscillation efficiency as described above can be obtained.

  The present invention has been described above based on the embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and those skilled in the art will be within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims. Various changes, modifications and changes are possible based on the knowledge of

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a chemical oxygen iodine laser device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partial arrow view of the mixing nozzle as viewed from the direction D ₁ in FIG. 3, the mixing nozzle is a partial arrow view taken past the duct on the wall from the D ₂ direction. FIG. 4 is a side view of the mixing nozzle of FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of a conventional chemical oxygen iodine laser apparatus. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a conventional vertical vortex mixing type chemical oxygen iodine laser apparatus. 7, the mixing nozzle is a partial arrow view as viewed from the D ₁ direction in FIG. FIG. 8 is a partial arrow view of the mixing nozzle as viewed from the direction D ₂ in FIG. 6 across the duct upper wall. FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view of the mixing nozzle of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Laser duct 1a Duct upper wall 1b Duct lower wall 2 Laser resonator 3 Mixing nozzle 3a Nozzle tip part 4 Injector 4a Outlet 5 1st flow 6 2nd flow 8 Choke member 8A Choke member 8B Choke member 8a Bottom surface 8b Inclination Surface 8c Inclined surface 8d Side surface

Claims (3)

A laser duct;
A mixing nozzle that is provided in the laser duct and generates a longitudinal vortex around the main flow direction while making the first flow containing excited oxygen molecules supplied from the upstream side of the duct supersonic;
A second flow including iodine molecules with respect to the first flow provided on the upper wall surface side and the lower wall surface side of the laser duct at a position near the tip portion on the downstream side of the duct of the mixing nozzle, and generating a vertical vortex. An injector for supplying,
A laser resonator provided downstream of the laser duct and supplied with a mixed flow of the first flow and the second flow;
The mixing nozzle includes a plurality of choke members, and the choke member has a long bottom surface, and a long slant surface and a short slant surface that are inclined in an acute angle direction from both ends of the bottom surface. Is a substantially triangular shape composed of sides on these three surfaces,
These choke members have a short inclined surface on the duct upstream side, a bottom surface on the lower side, and a choke member A arranged so as to be inclined downward toward the duct downstream side, and a short inclined surface on the duct. The choke members B, which are arranged on the upstream side, with the bottom surface on the upper side and inclined upward toward the downstream side of the duct, are alternately connected to form an X shape in a side view,
A jet port of the injector provided on the upper wall surface side of the laser duct is disposed at a position facing the choke member A at a predetermined interval corresponding to the choke member B, and is provided on the lower wall surface side of the laser duct. In addition, the chemical oxygen iodine laser device, wherein the jet port of the injector is arranged at a position facing the choke member B at a predetermined interval corresponding to the choke member A.   2. The chemistry according to claim 1, wherein a tip portion of the mixing nozzle on the downstream side of the duct is in contact with an upper wall surface and a lower wall surface of the laser duct, or a width of the gap is within 1 mm. Oxygen iodine laser device.   The choke member has a height from the bottom surface of 30 to 40% of the width between the upper and lower wall surfaces of the laser duct, and the choke member A and the choke member B have an angle of 6 to 6 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the duct. 3. The chemical oxygen iodine laser device according to claim 2, wherein the chemical oxygen iodine laser device is disposed at 9 degrees.

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