JP4329709B2 - Electrostatic atomizer - Google Patents

Electrostatic atomizer Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4329709B2
JP4329709B2 JP2005061365A JP2005061365A JP4329709B2 JP 4329709 B2 JP4329709 B2 JP 4329709B2 JP 2005061365 A JP2005061365 A JP 2005061365A JP 2005061365 A JP2005061365 A JP 2005061365A JP 4329709 B2 JP4329709 B2 JP 4329709B2
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discharge
cooling
current value
discharge current
electrode
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JP2006239632A (en
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昭輔 秋定
澄夫 和田
利久 平井
晃秀 須川
篤 井坂
多津彦 ▲松▼本
健太郎 小林
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Panasonic Corp
Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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Panasonic Corp
Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
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Priority to PCT/JP2006/303875 priority patent/WO2006093190A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/057—Arrangements for discharging liquids or other fluent material without using a gun or nozzle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/053—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
    • B05B5/0531—Power generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/053—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
    • B05B5/0533—Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F6/00—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification
    • F24F6/12—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by forming water dispersions in the air

Description

本発明は静電霧化装置、殊にナノサイズミストを発生させるための静電霧化装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an electrostatic atomizer, and more particularly to an electrostatic atomizer for generating nano-size mist.

水が供給される放電電極と対向電極との間に高電圧を印加して放電させることで、放電電極が保持している水にレイリー分裂を生じさせて霧化させることでナノメータサイズの帯電微粒子水（ナノサイズミスト）を生成する静電霧化装置がある。   By applying a high voltage between the discharge electrode to which water is supplied and the counter electrode to cause discharge, nanometer-sized charged fine particles are generated by causing Rayleigh splitting in the water held by the discharge electrode and atomization. There are electrostatic atomizers that produce water (nanosize mist).

上記帯電微粒子水は、ラジカルを含んでいるとともに長寿命であって、空間内への拡散を大量に行うことができ、室内の壁面や衣服やカーテンなどに付着した悪臭成分などに効果的に作用し、無臭化することができるといった特徴を有している。   The above charged fine particle water contains radicals and has a long life, can be diffused in a large amount of space, and effectively acts on malodorous substances adhering to indoor walls, clothes, curtains, etc. However, it has a feature that it can be non-brominated.

しかし、水タンクに入れた水を毛細管現象によって放電電極に供給するものでは、水タンクへの水の補給を使用者に強いることになる。この手間を不要とするために空気を冷却することで水を生成する熱交換部を設けて、熱交換部で生成した水（結露水）を放電電極に送ることが考えられるが、この場合、熱交換部で結露水を生成してこの水を放電電極まで送るのに少なくとも数分程度の時間がかかってしまう。
特許第３２６０１５０号公報 However, in the case of supplying water in the water tank to the discharge electrode by capillary action, the user is forced to replenish the water tank. In order to make this effort unnecessary, it is conceivable to provide a heat exchange part that generates water by cooling the air, and send water (condensation water) generated in the heat exchange part to the discharge electrode. It takes at least several minutes to generate condensed water in the heat exchange section and send this water to the discharge electrode.
Japanese Patent No. 3260150

本発明は上記の従来の問題点に鑑みて発明したものであって、水の補給の手間が不要である上にナノサイズミストの発生のための安定した放電状態を得ることができる静電霧化装置を提供することを課題とするものである。   The present invention has been invented in view of the above-described conventional problems, and does not require the trouble of replenishing water, and can provide a stable discharge state for generating nano-sized mist. It is an object of the present invention to provide a computer apparatus.

上記課題を解決するために本発明に係る静電霧化装置は、放電電極とこれに対向する対向電極並びに両電極間に高電圧を印加する高圧電源部を備えるとともに、上記放電電極を冷却して放電電極部分に空気中の水分を基に水を生成させる冷却手段と、上記両電極間の放電状態を監視して所要の放電状態を維持する制御手段とを備え、上記制御手段は放電電極部分に結露水がある通常状態での冷却手段の制御を放電電流値に応じて行うものであり且つ非通常時である運転開始初期から上記通常制御への移行のための放電電極部分に結露水が生成されたどうかの判断を、運転開始によって放電電極の冷却と放電電極への高電圧の印加による放電とを開始した後、放電電流値が所定の電流定数を超えたかどうかで判断するものであることに特徴を有している。放電電極を冷却することで静電霧化させるための水を放電電極上に結露水として生じるようにしたものであり、また運転開始初期から放電電極に高電圧を印加して放電状態を監視することで、運転初期から結露水の生成と放電による霧化とが安定してなされるようにしたものである。 In order to solve the above-described problems, an electrostatic atomizer according to the present invention includes a discharge electrode, a counter electrode opposed to the discharge electrode, and a high-voltage power supply unit that applies a high voltage between the two electrodes, and cools the discharge electrode. A cooling means for generating water on the discharge electrode portion based on moisture in the air, and a control means for monitoring the discharge state between the two electrodes and maintaining the required discharge state, the control means comprising the discharge electrode Control of the cooling means in the normal state where there is condensed water in the part according to the discharge current value, and condensed water on the discharge electrode part for the transition from the initial operation start to the normal control, which is a non-normal time the assimilation of determination but has been generated, after starting the discharge by applying a high voltage to the cooling the discharge electrode of the discharge electrode by the start of operation, in which the discharge current value is judged by whether or exceeds a predetermined current constant Has characteristics To have. Water for electrostatic atomization is generated on the discharge electrode as condensed water by cooling the discharge electrode, and the discharge state is monitored by applying a high voltage to the discharge electrode from the beginning of operation. Thus, the generation of condensed water and the atomization by discharge are stably performed from the beginning of operation.

上記制御手段は、運転開始初期の非通常時の冷却手段の冷却能力を環境温度に基づいて決定するものであると、結露水が生成されるまでに要する時間を安定化させることができる。   The said control means can stabilize the time required until dew condensation water is produced | generated as the cooling capacity of the cooling means of the non-normal time at the start of an operation | movement is determined based on environmental temperature.

この時、制御手段は、運転開始初期の非通常時の冷却手段の冷却能力を漸次高めながら放電電流値に基づいた結露水の生成判断を行うものであると、湿度が低い時でも結露水が生成されるまでにかかる時間を短くすることができる。   At this time, if the control means is to determine the generation of condensed water based on the discharge current value while gradually increasing the cooling capacity of the cooling means in the non-normal time at the start of operation, the condensed water will be generated even when the humidity is low. It is possible to shorten the time required for the generation.

また、制御手段としては、運転開始時から定期的に監視している放電電流が前記所定の電流を越えた時点で、冷却手段の制御を放電電流値に応じて行う通常状態に移行するものを用いることができるほか、運転開始時から所定時間が経過するまで放電を停止させているとともに上記所定時間が経過した時点で放電を行わせて、この時点の放電電流値に基づいて結露水の生成判断を行うものも用いることができる。また、放電電流の監視の初期から放電電流値が前記所定の電流定数より大である時、放電及び冷却をしばらく停止し、放電及び冷却を再開した時点での放電電流値が所定値を越える時、放電をしばらく停止させることと冷却能力の向上とを放電再開時の放電電流値が上記所定値よりも低くなるまで繰り返すものとすると、異常状態でも安定した運転を開始することができる。 Further, as the control means, when the discharge current regularly monitored from the start of operation exceeds the predetermined current, the control means shifts to a normal state in which the control of the cooling means is performed according to the discharge current value. In addition to stopping the discharge until a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of operation and causing the discharge to occur when the predetermined time has elapsed, the generation of condensed water based on the discharge current value at this time What makes a judgment can also be used. When the discharge current value is larger than the predetermined current constant from the beginning of the monitoring of the discharge current, when the discharge current value exceeds the predetermined value when the discharge and cooling are stopped for a while and the discharge and cooling are resumed. If the discharge is stopped for a while and the improvement of the cooling capacity is repeated until the discharge current value at the time of resuming the discharge becomes lower than the predetermined value, stable operation can be started even in an abnormal state.

本発明は、静電霧化させるための水を放電電極上に結露水として生じさせてこれを静電霧化するために、水の補給の手間が不要であるのはもちろん、ナノサイズミストの発生を素早く行うことができるものであり、しかも放電電流値に応じて冷却手段を制御することから、結露水の生成と放電による霧化とが継続して安定的になされるものであり、更には運転初期の結露水が生じるまでの間の制御も放電電流値に基づいて行うものであるために、運転開始初期の放電及び冷却の制御を簡便に行うことができる。   In the present invention, water for electrostatic atomization is generated on the discharge electrode as condensed water, and this is electrostatically atomized. It can be generated quickly, and since the cooling means is controlled according to the discharge current value, the generation of condensed water and the atomization by the discharge are continuously performed stably. Since the control until dew condensation water in the initial stage of operation is also performed based on the discharge current value, the control of the discharge and cooling at the initial stage of the start of operation can be easily performed.

以下、本発明を添付図面に示す実施形態に基いて説明すると、図１に示すように、この静電霧化装置は、放電電極２とこの放電電極２の一端に所要の距離をおいて対向するとともに内周縁が実質的な電極として機能する対向電極３、これら両電極２，３間に放電用の高電圧を印加する高圧電源部４、上記放電電極２の他端が吸熱側に接続されて放電電極２を露点以下の温度に冷却する冷却手段としてのペルチェモジュール５、ペルチェモジュール用の電源部６０を内蔵している電源６、そして制御回路Ｃで構成されたもので、上記対向電極３は接地されており、放電時には放電電極２側に負もしくは正の高電圧（たとえば−４．６ｋＶ）が印加される。図中５０はペルチェモジュール５の放熱側に配された放熱フィン、８は環境温度センサである。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the electrostatic atomizer is configured to face a discharge electrode 2 and one end of the discharge electrode 2 at a predetermined distance. In addition, the counter electrode 3 whose inner peripheral edge functions as a substantial electrode, the high voltage power source 4 that applies a high voltage for discharge between the electrodes 2 and 3, and the other end of the discharge electrode 2 are connected to the heat absorption side. The counter electrode 3 comprises a Peltier module 5 as a cooling means for cooling the discharge electrode 2 to a temperature below the dew point, a power source 6 incorporating a power source 60 for the Peltier module, and a control circuit C. Is grounded, and a negative or positive high voltage (for example, −4.6 kV) is applied to the discharge electrode 2 side during discharge. In the figure, 50 is a heat radiation fin arranged on the heat radiation side of the Peltier module 5, and 8 is an environmental temperature sensor.

上記高圧電源部４は図２にも示すように高圧発生回路４０と放電電圧検出回路４１と放電電流検出回路４２を備えたもので、検出された放電電圧Ｖｖ及び放電電流Ｖｉは上記制御回路Ｃに入力され、制御回路Ｃはこの放電電圧Ｖｖ及び放電電流Ｖｉを基にペルチェモジュール５の冷却度調整による結露水生成量の調整を行う。   As shown in FIG. 2, the high-voltage power supply unit 4 includes a high-voltage generation circuit 40, a discharge voltage detection circuit 41, and a discharge current detection circuit 42. The detected discharge voltage Vv and discharge current Vi are detected by the control circuit C. The control circuit C adjusts the amount of condensed water generated by adjusting the cooling degree of the Peltier module 5 based on the discharge voltage Vv and the discharge current Vi.

すなわち、放電電極２を冷却することで空気中の水分を放電電極２上に結露させた状態で放電電圧を放電電極２と対向電極３との間に印加する時、放電電極２上の水は図３に示すように対向電極３側に引っ張られてテーラーコーンと称される形状のものとなるとともに、そのテーラーコーンの先端においてレイリー分裂が生じてナノメータサイズの帯電微粒子水が生成されることで霧化がなされる。   That is, when the discharge voltage is applied between the discharge electrode 2 and the counter electrode 3 in a state where moisture in the air is condensed on the discharge electrode 2 by cooling the discharge electrode 2, the water on the discharge electrode 2 is As shown in FIG. 3, it is pulled toward the counter electrode 3 to have a shape called a tailor cone, and at the tip of the tailor cone, Rayleigh splitting occurs and nanometer-sized charged fine particle water is generated. Atomization is done.

この時、放電電極２上の水量が図３(b)に示す状態から少なくなって図３(a)に示すようにテーラーコーンが小さくなれば放電電流も少なくなり、放電電極２上の水量が多くなって図３(c)に示すようにテーラーコーンが大きくなれば放電電流が増大する。ちなみに、−４．４ｋＶの放電電圧の印加時、図３(a)に示す状態では放電電流が３．０μＡ、図３(b)に示す状態では放電電流が６．０μＡ、図３(c)に示す状態では放電電流が９．０μＡであった。   At this time, if the amount of water on the discharge electrode 2 decreases from the state shown in FIG. 3 (b) and the tailor cone becomes smaller as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the discharge current also decreases, and the amount of water on the discharge electrode 2 decreases. As shown in FIG. 3 (c), the discharge current increases as the tailor cone increases. Incidentally, when a discharge voltage of −4.4 kV is applied, the discharge current is 3.0 μA in the state shown in FIG. 3A, the discharge current is 6.0 μA in the state shown in FIG. 3B, and FIG. In the state shown in FIG. 2, the discharge current was 9.0 μA.

つまり、結露水の量にテーラーコーンの形状が関係しているとともにテーラーコーンの高さから放電電流も変化するわけであり、これ故に放電電流を測定することにより、テーラーコーンの高さ（結露水の量）を知ることができる。ここにおいて、放電電極２上の結露水の量が更に少なくなれば、放電電極２上の水と対向電極３間での放電ではなく、放電電極２と対向電極３との間で放電が生じてオゾンの発生などを招くことになる。逆に放電電極２上の水が更に多くなれば、対向電極３と水との距離が短くなり、短絡電流が流れて狙いの粒子径のミストが得られなくなる。   In other words, the shape of the tailor cone is related to the amount of condensed water, and the discharge current also changes from the height of the tailor cone. Therefore, by measuring the discharge current, the height of the tailor cone (condensed water) The amount). Here, if the amount of condensed water on the discharge electrode 2 is further reduced, a discharge occurs between the discharge electrode 2 and the counter electrode 3 instead of a discharge between the water on the discharge electrode 2 and the counter electrode 3. Ozone will be generated. Conversely, when the amount of water on the discharge electrode 2 is further increased, the distance between the counter electrode 3 and the water becomes short, a short-circuit current flows, and a mist having a target particle diameter cannot be obtained.

このためにここではある放電電圧の時の放電電流値から放電電極２上の水の量を推定し、この推定に基づき放電電極２を冷却する冷却手段であるペルチェモジュール５の冷却度調整による結露水生成量の調整を行うものであり、放電電流が少ない時はペルチェモジュール５の印加電圧を上昇させて放電電極２をさらに冷却して結露水を増加させ、放電電流が多い時は冷却度合を緩和させて結露水を減少させる方向へフィードバック制御することで、放電電極２上の結露水の量が常にナノサイズミストの発生に適した量となるようにしているものであり、この結果、放電によるナノサイズミストを発生させる静電霧化が途切れたりすることなく連続的になされるものである。   Therefore, here, the amount of water on the discharge electrode 2 is estimated from the discharge current value at a certain discharge voltage, and condensation is achieved by adjusting the cooling degree of the Peltier module 5 which is a cooling means for cooling the discharge electrode 2 based on this estimation. The amount of water generated is adjusted. When the discharge current is small, the applied voltage of the Peltier module 5 is increased to further cool the discharge electrode 2 to increase the amount of condensed water. When the discharge current is large, the degree of cooling is adjusted. The amount of condensed water on the discharge electrode 2 is always suitable for the generation of nano-size mist by performing feedback control in a direction to reduce the amount of condensed water by reducing it. Electrostatic atomization that generates nano-size mist due to is continuously performed without interruption.

ただし、放電電圧が変われば、適切な結露水量を表すことになる放電電流値も変化することから、表１に示すように放電電圧Ｖ(n)に応じた最適な放電電流ｉ(n)の範囲を規定し、検出される放電電流ｉ(n)値が上記範囲の中央値ｉ(n)typ付近を維持するようにペルチェモジュール５の印加電圧のデューティ制御を制御回路Ｃが行うようにしている。   However, if the discharge voltage changes, the discharge current value that represents an appropriate amount of condensed water also changes. Therefore, as shown in Table 1, the optimum discharge current i (n) corresponding to the discharge voltage V (n) The control circuit C controls the duty of the applied voltage of the Peltier module 5 so that the range is defined and the detected discharge current i (n) value is maintained near the median value i (n) typ of the above range. Yes.

放電電流に基づくフィードバック制御の詳細について説明すると、各回路が安定するまでの時間Δｔが経過した時点ｔａで制御回路Ｃは放電電圧検出回路４１と放電電流検出回路４２から放電電圧値及び放電電流値を取り込み、一定時間毎の平均値を演算して得られた放電電圧値によって上記表１に基づく放電電流制御の放電電流値上限ｉ(n)max、目標値（中央値）ｉ(n)typ、下限ｉ(n)minを取得し、測定された放電電流ｉ(n)値が目標値ｉ(n)typとなるようにペルチェモジュール５に加える印加電圧をデューティ制御でフィードバック制御するものであり、ここではオーバーシュートを避けるために次のように処理している。   The details of the feedback control based on the discharge current will be described. At time ta when the time Δt until each circuit is stabilized has elapsed, the control circuit C receives the discharge voltage value and the discharge current value from the discharge voltage detection circuit 41 and the discharge current detection circuit 42. The discharge current value upper limit i (n) max and target value (median value) i (n) typ of the discharge current control based on the above-mentioned Table 1 is calculated based on the discharge voltage value obtained by calculating the average value at regular intervals. The lower limit i (n) min is obtained, and the applied voltage applied to the Peltier module 5 is feedback-controlled by duty control so that the measured discharge current i (n) value becomes the target value i (n) typ. Here, in order to avoid overshoot, it is processed as follows.

すなわち図４に示すように、時刻ｔａにおいて取り込みを開始した放電電圧値及び放電電流値の平均値v(1)，ｉ(1)がΔｔ時間後の時刻ｔｂにおいて定まり、更に時刻ｔｂにおいて取り込みを開始した放電電圧値及び放電電流値の平均値v(2)，ｉ(2)がΔｔ時間後の時刻ｔｃにおいて定まる時、時刻ｔｂ−ｔｃ間の上記Δｔ時間内の放電電流値の差Δｉ(2)＝ｉ(2)−ｉ(1)を求めるとともに、時刻ｔｂでの放電電圧ｖ(1)と前記表１とから求めた時刻ｔｃでの目標放電電流中央値ｉtyp(1)と、時刻ｔｃでの放電電流値ｉ(2)との差Δｉd(2)とを求め、時刻ｔｂ−ｔｃ間でのペルチェモジュール５の印加電圧のデューティをＤ(2)とする時、このデューティＤ(2)から増分ΔＤ(2)を
ΔＤ(2)＝ａ×Δｉd(2)−ｂ×Δｉ(2)
（ａ，ｂはパラメータ）
で求めて、Ｄ(3)＝Ｄ(2)＋ΔＤ(2)を次の時刻ｔｃ−ｔｄ間でのペルチェモジュール５の印加電圧のデューティとしており、時間Δｔ毎に以降順次繰り返することで、つまりは
ΔＤ(n)＝ａ×Δｉｄ(n)−ｂ×Δｉ(n)
をΔｔ毎に求めて、それまでのデューティＤ(n-1)に加算して次のデューティＤ(n)を決定している。放電電流値ｉ(n)と目標放電電流中央値ｉtyp(n)との差分Δｉd(n)に加えて、放電電流値の差分Δｉ(n)を考慮することから、前者のみを考慮した場合に生じやすいオーバーシュートを避けることができる。なお、ここで言うデューティ値Ｄ(n)及び増分ΔＤ(n)は、デューティ０〜１００％を２５６分割して割りふったＤ1〜Ｄ256に対応させている。 That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the average values v (1) and i (1) of the discharge voltage value and the discharge current value started to be captured at time ta are determined at time tb after Δt time, and further captured at time tb. When the average value v (2), i (2) of the started discharge voltage value and discharge current value is determined at time tc after Δt time, the difference Δi ( 2) = i (2) −i (1) is calculated, the discharge voltage v (1) at time tb and the target discharge current median value ityp (1) at time tc determined from Table 1 and time The difference Δid (2) from the discharge current value i (2) at tc is obtained, and when the duty of the applied voltage of the Peltier module 5 between time tb-tc is D (2), this duty D (2 ) Increment ΔD (2) from ΔD (2) = a × Δid (2) −b × Δi (2)
(A and b are parameters)
D (3) = D (2) + ΔD (2) is used as the duty of the applied voltage of the Peltier module 5 between the next times tc-td, and is repeated sequentially after each time Δt. ΔD (n) = a × Δid (n) −b × Δi (n)
For each Δt and added to the previous duty D (n−1) to determine the next duty D (n). In addition to the difference Δid (n) between the discharge current value i (n) and the target discharge current median value ityp (n), the difference Δi (n) in the discharge current value is taken into account. Overshoot that tends to occur can be avoided. The duty value D (n) and the increment ΔD (n) referred to here correspond to D 1 to D 256 obtained by dividing the duty 0 to 100% by dividing into 256 .

また、デューティの増加分ΔＤ(n)を求めるにあたり、それまでのデューティＤ(n-1)の値に応じた補正関数Ｆ{Ｄ(1)}を乗算するように、つまり
ΔＤ(n)＝（ａ×Δｉd(n)−ｂ×Δｉ(n))×Ｆ{Ｄ(n-1)}
とするようにしてもよい。この補正関数Ｆ{Ｄ(1)}は、それまでのデューティＤ(n-1)が低い時には小さい値を、デューティＤ(n-1)が高い時には大きい値を持つことで、デューティ全体の重み付けを行っている。デューティが低い時には印加電圧も低くて電極冷却温度ΔＴも低い領域で水もできやすく、これ故にデューティの大幅な変化は結露水の余剰を生じやすくなるために、補正関数Ｆ{Ｄ(1)}はたとえば０．５として変化率を少なくし、逆にデューティが高い時は放電冷却温度ΔＴも高くて結露水ができにくい状態にあることから、補正関数Ｆ{Ｄ(1)}をたとえば２として変化率を大きくしている。 Further, in obtaining the increase ΔD (n) of the duty, the correction function F {D (1)} corresponding to the value of the duty D (n−1) so far is multiplied, that is, ΔD (n) = (A * [Delta] id (n) -b * [Delta] i (n)) * F {D (n-1)}
You may make it. This correction function F {D (1)} has a small value when the previous duty D (n-1) is low, and a large value when the duty D (n-1) is high. It is carried out. When the duty is low, it is easy to produce water in a region where the applied voltage is low and the electrode cooling temperature ΔT is also low. Therefore, a large change in the duty tends to cause surplus of dew condensation water, so that the correction function F {D (1)} Is set to 0.5, for example, and the rate of change is reduced. Conversely, when the duty is high, the discharge cooling temperature ΔT is also high and it is difficult to form condensed water. The rate of change is increased.

また、放電電極２が冷えていない運転開始初期には放電電極２上に結露水が生成されていないことから、上記制御は放電電極２上に結露水が確保されてからのものとし、それまでは次のような制御を行っている。   In addition, since the condensed water is not generated on the discharge electrode 2 at the beginning of the operation when the discharge electrode 2 is not cooled, the above control is performed after the condensed water is secured on the discharge electrode 2. Performs the following controls.

すなわち、制御回路Ｃは運転開始に伴い、図５に示すように、環境温度センサ８で測定される環境温度を取り込んでこの環境温度に応じた電極冷却温度Ｔを設定する。つまり環境温度（室温）が１８℃であれば水が氷結する温度−１℃を勘案して温度を１９℃下げることとし、この電極冷却温度Ｔに応じたペルチェ印加電圧を設定する。なお、ペルチェモジュール５は電極冷却温度Ｔと印加電圧とは図６に示す特性を有することから、電極冷却温度Ｔが大となるほど、印加電圧を高くすることになる。この時、ここでは印加電圧をＰＷＭ制御で行っているために、制御回路Ｃは上記印加電圧を得ることができるデューティ（Ｄｕｔｙ）値を電源６に対して出力してペルチェモジュール５の冷却を開始させる。この時、制御回路Ｃは高圧電源部４も同時に作動させて放電を開始するとともに放電電流検出回路４２による放電電流の検出を行う。   That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the control circuit C takes in the environmental temperature measured by the environmental temperature sensor 8 and sets the electrode cooling temperature T according to the environmental temperature as shown in FIG. In other words, if the environmental temperature (room temperature) is 18 ° C., the temperature is lowered by 19 ° C. in consideration of the temperature at which water freezes—1 ° C., and the Peltier applied voltage corresponding to the electrode cooling temperature T is set. Since the Peltier module 5 has the characteristics shown in FIG. 6 in terms of the electrode cooling temperature T and the applied voltage, the applied voltage increases as the electrode cooling temperature T increases. At this time, since the applied voltage is controlled by PWM control here, the control circuit C outputs a duty value capable of obtaining the applied voltage to the power supply 6 to start cooling the Peltier module 5. Let At this time, the control circuit C simultaneously activates the high-voltage power supply unit 4 to start the discharge and detects the discharge current by the discharge current detection circuit 42.

放電電極２上に水があれば放電電流が流れることになるが、結露水が生成されるに至っていない時点では正常であれば放電電流は殆ど流れないことになる。このために、ゼロに近い定数Ｉini（μＡ）を設定して、制御回路Ｃは検出された電流値Ｉが定数Ｉini未満であれば、図５の右側のフローに示すように、正常時の動作として放電電圧の印加状態を保ったまま、電流値Ｉの監視を定期的に続け、電流値Ｉが定数Ｉini（μＡ）以上となった時点で前述の放電電流制御の状態に移行する。つまり、放電電極２が冷却されて結露水が付着すれば、放電電極２には高圧が印加されている状態であるために電界の力によって結露水は放電電極２の先端に集まりはじめ、結露水がある程度結集すると放電による静電霧化が開始されるとともに、この時点で通常の放電電流に基づくフィードバック制御に移行するのである。   If there is water on the discharge electrode 2, a discharge current will flow. However, if no dew condensation water has been generated, the discharge current will hardly flow if it is normal. For this purpose, a constant Iini (μA) close to zero is set, and if the detected current value I is less than the constant Iini, the control circuit C operates as normal as shown in the flow on the right side of FIG. The current value I is periodically monitored while the discharge voltage application state is maintained, and when the current value I becomes equal to or greater than the constant Iini (μA), the above-described discharge current control state is entered. That is, when the discharge electrode 2 is cooled and condensed water adheres, the high pressure is applied to the discharge electrode 2, so that the condensed water begins to gather at the tip of the discharge electrode 2 due to the force of the electric field. When a certain amount is collected, electrostatic atomization by discharge is started, and at this time, the control shifts to feedback control based on a normal discharge current.

上記フィードバック制御に移行する条件となる電流値Ｉが定数Ｉini（μＡ）以上となるまでの間、制御回路Ｃは定期的にデューティ値を小刻みに高くしてペルチェモジュール５に印加する電圧を漸次高くしていくことで、結露水の生成を早める処理も行っており、湿度が低い場合に結露水の確保が遅くなってしまうということがない。なお、ここではデューティ値Ｄ(n)が１００％デューティとなるＤ256となった時点でもフィードバック制御の状態に移行するようにしてある。 Until the current value I, which is a condition for shifting to the feedback control, becomes equal to or greater than the constant Iini (μA), the control circuit C periodically increases the duty value in small increments to gradually increase the voltage applied to the Peltier module 5. By doing so, the process which accelerates | stimulates the production | generation of condensed water is also performed, and when humidity is low, securing of condensed water does not become late. Here, even when the duty value D (n) becomes D 256 , which is 100% duty, the state is shifted to the feedback control state.

一方、運転開始初期に測定した電流値ＩがＩini（μＡ）以上であれば、放電電極２の先端にゴミが付着していてこのゴミのために金属放電が生じている、あるいは環境の湿度が異常に高い、あるいは前回の運転時の結露水が放電電極２に残っているといったことが考えられることから、この時は次のような処理を行う。   On the other hand, if the current value I measured at the beginning of operation is equal to or greater than Iini (μA), dust adheres to the tip of the discharge electrode 2 and metal discharge occurs due to this dust, or the environmental humidity is low. Since it may be abnormally high or dew condensation water from the previous operation may remain in the discharge electrode 2, the following processing is performed at this time.

すなわち、図５の左側のフローに示すように、高圧電源部４を停止させるとともにペルチェモジュール５への電圧印加も停止させた状態を一定時間だけ保ち、その後、再度高圧電源部４及びペルチェモジュール５を作動させ、この状態で放電電流値Ｉを計測する。ペルチェモジュール５を一定時間停止させるのは、環境の湿度が異常に高い場合の可能性を無くすためであり、また、前回の運転時の結露水がなくなるのを待つためである。   That is, as shown in the flow on the left side of FIG. 5, the state where the high voltage power supply unit 4 is stopped and the voltage application to the Peltier module 5 is also stopped for a certain time, and then the high voltage power supply unit 4 and the Peltier module 5 are again connected. And the discharge current value I is measured in this state. The reason why the Peltier module 5 is stopped for a certain period of time is to eliminate the possibility that the environmental humidity is abnormally high, and to wait for the condensed water during the previous operation to run out.

そして放電及び冷却を再開した時点での放電電流値Ｉが所定値Ｉｐ（Ｉｐの値は上記Ｉiniと同じもしくは少し大）より低ければ、放電電極２に水ができて金属放電から水での放電状態に移行したと判断して、前述のフィードバック制御に移行する。放電電流値Ｉが上記所定値Ｉｐより高ければ、高圧電源部４を停止させて、この状態でデューティ値を一段もしくは複数段高めた状態で放電電極２の冷却を行い、所定時間が経過すれば高圧電源４を作動させて放電電流値Ｉを測定し、再度所定値Ｉｐと比較するということを、デューティ値が１００％（Ｄ256）となるまで繰り返す。 If the discharge current value I when the discharge and cooling are restarted is lower than a predetermined value Ip (the value of Ip is the same as or slightly larger than Iini), water is generated in the discharge electrode 2 and the discharge from the metal discharge to the water is performed. It is determined that the state has been shifted to, and the process proceeds to the feedback control described above. If the discharge current value I is higher than the predetermined value Ip, the high-voltage power supply unit 4 is stopped and the discharge electrode 2 is cooled in this state with the duty value increased by one or more stages. The operation of measuring the discharge current value I by operating the high-voltage power supply 4 and comparing it again with the predetermined value Ip is repeated until the duty value reaches 100% (D 256 ).

放電電極２に水がついていないにもかかわらず放電電流が大の時は、上述のように金属放電を起こしていると考えられるとともに、この状態での放電継続は放電電極２の劣化やオゾンの発生につながるために、高圧放電は定期的に繰り返されることになる電流値Ｉの測定の際にだけなされるようにしているものである。なお、ペルチェモジュール５のデューティ値は上述のように漸増させていくのであるが、最大になってしまった場合は、環境が低温低湿といった結露水の生成に厳しい環境であって、現状のペルチェモジュール５の冷却能力では結露水を確保することができないとの判断で高圧電源４のオフに加えてペルチェモジュール５もオフとする。 When the discharge current is large despite the fact that the discharge electrode 2 does not have water, it is considered that the metal discharge has occurred as described above, and the discharge in this state continues due to deterioration of the discharge electrode 2 or ozone. In order to lead to the generation, the high-voltage discharge is performed only at the time of measuring the current value I which is periodically repeated. Although the duty value of the Peltier module 5 is going increased gradually as described above, if it has become a maximum, the environment is a challenging environment for the generation of condensed water such as low temperature and low humidity, current Peltier module In addition to turning off the high-voltage power supply 4, the Peltier module 5 is also turned off when it is determined that the condensed water cannot be secured with the cooling capacity 5.

図７は放電電極２が冷えていない運転開始初期の制御フローの他例を示しており、制御回路Ｃは運転開始に伴い、環境温度センサ８で測定される環境温度を取り込んでこの環境温度に応じた電極冷却温度Ｔに対応するデューティ値を設定して、ペルチェモジュール５の冷却を開始させ、高圧電源部４を作動させずにペルチェモジュール５による放電電極２の冷却のみを行う状態をしばし継続した後、高圧電源部４を作動させて放電を開始させる。結露水が生成されるであろう時間だけ待って放電を始めるわけであり、この時間は１分以上であることが望ましい。そして、初期の数分間で生成される結露水の量で放電を始めた時の放電電流の上限値として定めたＩmaxの値よりも、放電開始時の放電電流値Ｉが小さければ、放電電極２に正常に水が付いたと判断して前述のフィードバック制御に移行する。水が生じていると推察される時期に放電を開始するために、放電電極２の劣化や摩耗が生じにくくなっているものである。なお、水ができていない場合にもＩ＜Ｉmaxとなってフィードバック制御に移行してしまうが、この状態では放電電流Ｉが殆ど流れていないことから、放電電極２の劣化や摩耗は少ない上に、水ができてしまえば本来の放電電流値での放電状態となるために問題となるほどのことはない。   FIG. 7 shows another example of the control flow at the beginning of the operation when the discharge electrode 2 is not cooled, and the control circuit C takes in the environmental temperature measured by the environmental temperature sensor 8 at the start of the operation and sets this environmental temperature. The duty value corresponding to the corresponding electrode cooling temperature T is set, the cooling of the Peltier module 5 is started, and the state in which only the cooling of the discharge electrode 2 by the Peltier module 5 is continued without operating the high-voltage power supply unit 4 is continued. After that, the high-voltage power supply unit 4 is operated to start discharging. The discharge is started after waiting for a time when condensed water will be generated, and this time is preferably 1 minute or more. If the discharge current value I at the start of discharge is smaller than the value Imax determined as the upper limit value of the discharge current when the discharge is started with the amount of condensed water generated in the initial few minutes, the discharge electrode 2 It is judged that water has been properly attached to the above, and the control proceeds to the feedback control described above. Since the discharge is started at a time when it is assumed that water is generated, the discharge electrode 2 is hardly deteriorated or worn. Even when water is not formed, I <Imax and the control shifts to feedback control. However, since the discharge current I hardly flows in this state, the deterioration and wear of the discharge electrode 2 are small. If water is produced, there will be no problem because it will be in a discharge state at the original discharge current value.

一方、放電開始時の放電電流値Ｉが上記上限値Ｉmax以上であるならば異常があると判断して、図７において左側のフローに示すように、高圧電源部４を停止させるとともにペルチェモジュール５への電圧印加も停止させた状態を一定時間だけ保ち、その後、再度高圧電源部４の動作による放電のみを再開させて、この状態で放電電流値Ｉを計測する。ペルチェモジュール５を一定時間停止させるのは、環境の湿度が異常に高い場合の可能性を無くすためであり、また、前回の運転時の結露水がなくなるのを待つためである。   On the other hand, if the discharge current value I at the start of discharge is equal to or greater than the upper limit value Imax, it is determined that there is an abnormality, and as shown in the left flow in FIG. The state in which the voltage application is stopped is also kept for a certain period of time, and then only the discharge due to the operation of the high-voltage power supply unit 4 is resumed, and the discharge current value I is measured in this state. The reason why the Peltier module 5 is stopped for a certain period of time is to eliminate the possibility that the environmental humidity is abnormally high, and to wait for the condensed water during the previous operation to run out.

そして放電を再開した時点での放電電流値Ｉが所定値Ｉｐ（Ｉｐの値は前記Ｉiniと同じもしくは少し大）より低ければ、放電電極２に付着していた水が殆どなくなったために放電電流が減少したとの判断により、通常のフィードバック制御に移行する。   If the discharge current value I when the discharge is resumed is lower than a predetermined value Ip (the value of Ip is the same as or slightly larger than Iini), the discharge current is less because the water adhering to the discharge electrode 2 is almost gone. When it is determined that the number has decreased, the routine shifts to normal feedback control.

この時点でも放電電流値Ｉが所定値Ｉｐ以上であれば、異常は水の量が多かったためではなく、逆に水がない状態で金属放電が生じていたからとの判断で、放電を停止させるとともにペルチェモジュール５のみを最大デューティで動作する状態を一定時間保って、放電電極２に水が短時間で生成されるようにした後、放電を開始させて再度放電電流値Ｉを計測し、この電流値Ｉが前記上限値Ｉmaxより小さければ、前述の場合と同様の判断で通常のフィードバック制御に移行し、前記上限値Ｉmax以上であれば、環境が低温低湿といった結露水の生成に厳しい環境であって、現状のペルチェモジュール５の冷却能力では結露水を確保することができないとの判断で高圧電源４のオフに加えてペルチェモジュール５もオフとする。この時、一定時間後に運転を最初から開始させるモードを設けておけば、連続運転中でも回りの環境が代わって結露水を確保できる環境になった時点で正常運転に至るものとなる。   At this point in time, if the discharge current value I is equal to or greater than the predetermined value Ip, the abnormality is not due to a large amount of water, but conversely, the discharge is stopped and the Peltier is determined based on the determination that metal discharge has occurred in the absence of water. After maintaining the state in which only the module 5 is operated at the maximum duty for a certain period of time so that water is generated in the discharge electrode 2 in a short time, the discharge is started and the discharge current value I is measured again. If I is smaller than the upper limit value Imax, the routine shifts to normal feedback control in the same manner as described above. If the upper limit value Imax is greater than or equal to the upper limit value Imax, the environment is an environment that is difficult to generate condensed water such as low temperature and low humidity. The Peltier module 5 is turned off in addition to turning off the high-voltage power supply 4 when it is determined that the condensed water cannot be secured with the current cooling capacity of the Peltier module 5. At this time, if a mode in which the operation is started from the beginning after a certain time is provided, normal operation is reached when the surrounding environment is replaced and an environment in which condensed water can be secured even during continuous operation.

運転開始初期の制御を上記のいずれの制御で行うにせよ、放電電流値に基づいて結露水が生成されたかどうかを判断するものであり、放電電極温度や湿度を測定しなくても運転開始初期を含めて結露水を適切に確保して霧化させることができる。特に精度をあまり期待することができない湿度センサーを用いなくてもすむことや、高圧が印加される放電電極そのものの温度を測定することが困難で放電電極近傍の温度を測定しなくてはならないが故に、放電電極温度も正確に検出することが難しいことなどを考慮すれば、これらの検出部材が不要であるにもかかわらず、適切な制御を行うことができる点で大きな利点を有している。   Regardless of which control is performed at the initial stage of operation, whether or not condensed water has been generated is determined based on the discharge current value. Condensed water can be properly secured and atomized. In particular, it is not necessary to use a humidity sensor that cannot be expected to be very accurate, or it is difficult to measure the temperature of the discharge electrode itself to which a high voltage is applied, and the temperature in the vicinity of the discharge electrode must be measured. Therefore, considering that it is difficult to accurately detect the discharge electrode temperature, it has a great advantage in that appropriate control can be performed even though these detection members are unnecessary. .

本発明の実施の形態の一例の回路図である。It is a circuit diagram of an example of an embodiment of the invention. 同上のブロック回路図である。It is a block circuit diagram same as the above. (a)(b)(c)は放電時に放電電極上の結露水で形成されるテーラーコーンの状態を示す説明図である。(a) (b) (c) is explanatory drawing which shows the state of the tailor cone formed with the dew condensation water on a discharge electrode at the time of discharge. 同上の放電電流フィードバックに関する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing regarding a discharge current feedback same as the above. 運転開始初期の動作を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the driving | operation start initial stage. ペルチェモジュールの印加電圧−電極冷却温度の特性図である。It is a characteristic view of the applied voltage-electrode cooling temperature of a Peltier module. 運転開始初期の他の動作を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the other operation | movement of the driving | operation start initial stage.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

Ｃ 制御回路
２ 放電電極
３ 対向電極
４ 高圧電源部
５ ペルチェモジュール C Control Circuit 2 Discharge Electrode 3 Counter Electrode 4 High Voltage Power Supply 5 Peltier Module

Claims (6)

放電電極とこれに対向する対向電極並びに両電極間に高電圧を印加する高圧電源部を備えるとともに、上記放電電極を冷却して放電電極部分に空気中の水分を基に水を生成させる冷却手段と、上記両電極間の放電状態を監視して所要の放電状態を維持する制御手段とを備えた静電霧化装置であって、上記制御手段は放電電極部分に結露水がある通常状態での冷却手段の制御を放電電流値に応じて行うものであり且つ非通常時である運転開始初期から上記通常制御への移行のための放電電極部分に結露水が生成されたかどうかの判断を、運転開始によって放電電極の冷却と放電電極への高電圧の印加による放電とを開始した後、放電電流値が所定の電流定数を超えたかどうかで判断するものであることを特徴とする静電霧化装置。 A cooling means comprising a discharge electrode, a counter electrode opposed to the discharge electrode, and a high voltage power supply unit for applying a high voltage between the two electrodes, and cooling the discharge electrode to generate water in the discharge electrode portion based on moisture in the air And a control means for monitoring the discharge state between the two electrodes and maintaining the required discharge state, wherein the control means is in a normal state where there is condensed water in the discharge electrode portion. The control of the cooling means is performed according to the discharge current value, and it is determined whether or not condensed water has been generated at the discharge electrode portion for the transition from the initial operation start to the normal control, which is a non-normal time. The electrostatic discharge is characterized by determining whether or not the discharge current value exceeds a predetermined current constant after starting the cooling of the discharge electrode and discharging by applying a high voltage to the discharge electrode at the start of operation. Atomization device. 制御手段は、運転開始初期の非通常時の冷却手段の冷却能力を環境温度に基づいて決定するものであることを特徴とする請求項１記載の静電霧化装置。   The electrostatic atomizer according to claim 1, wherein the control means determines the cooling capacity of the cooling means in the non-normal time at the start of operation based on the environmental temperature. 制御手段は、放電電流値に基づいた結露水の生成判断を、運転開始初期の非通常時の冷却手段の冷却能力を漸次高めながら行うものであることを特徴とする請求項２記載の静電霧化装置。 3. The electrostatic capacity according to claim 2, wherein the control means performs the determination of the formation of the dew condensation water based on the discharge current value while gradually increasing the cooling capacity of the cooling means at the initial stage of operation in an abnormal state. Atomization device. 制御手段は、運転開始時から定期的に監視している放電電流が前記所定の電流を越えた時点で、冷却手段の制御を放電電流値に応じて行う通常状態に移行するものであることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の静電霧化装置。 The control means transitions to a normal state in which the cooling means is controlled according to the discharge current value when the discharge current regularly monitored from the start of operation exceeds the predetermined current. The electrostatic atomizer of any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. 制御手段は、運転開始時から所定時間が経過するまで放電を停止させているとともに上記所定時間が経過した時点で放電を行わせて、この時点の放電電流値に基づいて結露水の生成判断を行うものであることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の静電霧化装置。   The control means stops the discharge until a predetermined time elapses from the start of operation and causes the discharge to be performed when the predetermined time elapses, and determines the generation of condensed water based on the discharge current value at this time. The electrostatic atomizer according to claim 1, wherein the electrostatic atomizer is performed. 制御手段は、放電電流の監視の初期から放電電流値が前記所定の電流定数より大である時、放電及び冷却をしばらく停止し、放電及び冷却を再開した時点での放電電流値が所定値を越える時、放電をしばらく停止させることと冷却能力の向上とを放電再開時の放電電流値が上記所定値よりも低くなるまで繰り返すものであることを特徴とする請求項４または５記載の静電霧化装置。When the discharge current value is larger than the predetermined current constant from the initial stage of monitoring the discharge current, the control means stops the discharge and cooling for a while, and the discharge current value at the time when the discharge and cooling are restarted reaches the predetermined value. 6. The electrostatic discharge according to claim 4 or 5, wherein when exceeding, the discharge is stopped for a while and the improvement of the cooling capacity is repeated until the discharge current value at the time of restarting the discharge becomes lower than the predetermined value. Atomization device.
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