JP4322398B2 - transceiver - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to various wireless devices including a terminal device of a mobile phone system, for example.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a conventional mobile radio, the circuit configuration after the power amplifier of the radio unit is generally configured as shown in FIG. A high frequency signal input from the signal input terminal 1 is amplified by a power amplifier (PA) 2.
[0003]
The amplified high frequency signal is input to an antenna (not shown) from the signal output terminal 5 via the coupling means 15 (between terminals {circle around (1)} to {circle around (2)}), the isolator 17 and the duplexer 4.
[0004]
The passing signal of the coupling means 15 is detected by the detection means 7 by the coupling between the terminals {circle around (1)} to {circle around (3)}, and a DC value corresponding to the output signal level of the power amplifier 2 is detected and output from the detection output terminal 8. Is done.
[0005]
However, there is an insertion loss between the power amplifier 2 and the signal output terminal 5.
Breaking down the insertion loss, the coupling means 15 is usually 0.3 dB, the isolator 17 is 0.6 dB, and the duplexer 4 is about 1.5 dB, depending on the degree of coupling, resulting in a total insertion loss of 2.4 dB.
[0006]
For this reason, in order to obtain the signal level specified at the signal output terminal 5, it is necessary to increase the output level of the power amplifier 2 to an extra 2.4 dB, and this shortens the battery life of the mobile radio. It was.
[0007]
In order to reduce such a problem of power consumption, a configuration as shown in FIG. 6 can be considered. A high frequency signal input from the signal input terminal 1 is amplified by the power amplifier 2 and then output from the signal output terminal 5 to an antenna (not shown) via the coupling means 15 (between terminals {circle around (1)} to {circle around (2)}) and the duplexer 4. To do.
[0008]
The passing signal of the coupling means 15 is detected from the DC signal corresponding to the output signal level of the power amplifier 2 by the detection means 7 by the coupling between the terminals {circle around (1)} to {circle around (3)}, and is output from the detection output terminal 8. The
[0009]
That is, by removing the isolator 17 from the circuit of FIG. 5 and connecting the coupling means 15 and the duplexer 4, the insertion loss is reduced by 1.8 dB corresponding to the isolator 17.
[0010]
According to this configuration, the current consumption of the power amplifier can be reduced by about 50 to 70 mA. However, if the isolator 17 is eliminated, there is a possibility that a near wave of the transmission signal is input to the signal output terminal 5 through the antenna. .
[0011]
If a near wave is input in this way, the transmission signal and the near wave cause a third-order distortion, a fifth-order distortion, etc. at the output terminal of the power amplifier 2 and the system specifications cannot be satisfied, and thus interfere with other mobile radios. Will give.
[0012]
Further, when a large reflection occurs at the signal output terminal 5, the power amplifier 2 may oscillate abnormally or sometimes break down, which is equivalent to no system reliability.
[0013]
This problem hardly occurs with an analog system power amplifier, but with the digital system, a larger transistor element cannot be used to reduce the size of the power amplifier, so the above problem is very likely to occur. It has been difficult to reduce the insertion loss by eliminating the isolator.
[0014]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional radio equipment, in the circuit configuration after the power amplifier of the radio unit, the power loss is large, or the configuration with reduced power loss cannot satisfy the system specifications or interfere with communication of other mobile stations. There was a problem such as.
[0015]
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a radio device capable of reducing power loss and extending battery life while satisfying system specifications.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, the present invention has at least four terminals, a signal input from the first terminal is output from the second terminal, and a signal input from the second terminal is the third terminal. A circulator having a directivity such that a signal output from the third terminal, a signal input from the third terminal is output from the fourth terminal, and a signal input from the fourth terminal is output from the first terminal; The high frequency signal amplified by the amplifying means for amplifying the high frequency signal and outputting it to the first terminal of the circulator and the amplifying means outputted from the second terminal of the circulator are input, and the band of this signal is limited. The duplexer that outputs to the antenna and the third terminal of the circulator are connected to terminate the near wave of the high-frequency signal that is input from the antenna through the duplexer and the second terminal of the circulator. End means; and a detection means connected to the fourth terminal of the circulator and detecting a DC value of the high-frequency signal amplified by the amplification means from the reverse leakage signal from the first terminal of the circulator. I made it up.
[0017]
In the radio device having the above configuration, the high-frequency signal amplified by the amplifying unit is input to the antenna via the duplexer, and the nearby wave of the high-frequency signal entering through the antenna is terminated by the terminating unit due to the direction of the circulator. The absorption means detects the DC value of the high-frequency signal amplified by the amplifying means from the reverse leakage signal from the first terminal of the circulator.
[0018]
Therefore, according to the radio apparatus having the above configuration, the power loss of the high-frequency signal amplified by the amplifying means is only the circulator and the duplexer, so that the power loss can be reduced as compared with the conventional one, and has entered from the antenna. Since the near wave of the transmission signal is absorbed by the termination means, the occurrence of distortion due to the high frequency signal and the near wave can be prevented, the system specifications can be satisfied, and the reliability of the system can be improved.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a configuration after a power amplifier of a radio according to an embodiment of the present invention. However, in FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as those in FIG.
[0020]
The high-frequency signal input from the signal input terminal 1 is input to the power amplifier (PA) 2, amplified there, and then output to the terminal (1) of the four-terminal circulator 3. The four-terminal circulator 3 has a configuration as shown in FIG.
[0021]
The four-terminal circulator 3 has four terminals (strip lines) {circle around (1)} to {circle around (4)}, and is a branch type circulator (X circulator) provided with a ferrite 9 at an intersection connecting these terminals.
[0022]
In FIG. 2, the four-terminal circulator 3 is given a DC magnetic field having an appropriate magnitude so as to pass from the front side to the back side of the paper surface. As a result, for example, the signal input from the terminal {circle around (1)} Has a higher phase velocity than the left portion, and the input signal is turned to the left.
[0023]
Further, the four-terminal circulator 3 is adjusted so that the turning angle coincides with the terminal adjacent to the left side, and all signals inputted from the terminal {circle around (1)} appear at the terminal {circle around (2)}. All signals input from (2) appear at terminal (3), all signals input from terminal (3) appear at terminal (4), and all signals input from terminal (4) appear at terminal (2). So that each is adjusted.
[0024]
Therefore, the high frequency amplified output of the power amplifier 2 input from the terminal (1) of the four-terminal circulator 3 appears at the terminal (2) and is input to the duplexer 4. The high frequency amplification output input to the duplexer 4 is band-limited by the duplexer 4 and input to an antenna (not shown) from the signal output terminal 5.
[0025]
The terminal (3) of the four-terminal circulator 3 is connected to the termination means 6 and the terminal (4) is connected to the detection means 7.
The detection means 7 outputs to the terminal (4) of the four-terminal circulator 3 a signal level obtained by subtracting the isolation characteristic (usually about 14 dB) of the four-terminal circulator 3 from the signal level of the terminal (1). Based on this, a DC value corresponding to the output level of the power amplifier 2 is detected and output to the detection output terminal 8.
[0026]
FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of the detection means 7.
The detection means 7 shown in this figure comprises an input matching circuit 11, a detection diode 12, and an output matching circuit 13.
[0027]
The input terminal 10 of the input matching circuit 11 is connected to the terminal (4) of the four-terminal circulator 3, and the output terminal is connected to the cathode terminal of the detection diode 12.
The anode end is connected to the input end of the output matching circuit 13 and obtains the DC value from the output end 14 of the output matching circuit 13.
[0028]
The input matching circuit 11 is used for matching so as not to impair the characteristics of the circuit connected to the input terminal 10 and the characteristics of the detection diode 12. The output matching circuit 13 is used to set so that an arbitrary DC value is output with respect to a predetermined output level of the power amplifier 2 without impairing the characteristics of the detection diode 12.
[0029]
Next, the operation of the circuit having the above configuration will be described.
The high frequency signal input from the signal input terminal 1 is input to the power amplifier 2. The high-frequency signal amplified here is input to the antenna (not shown) from the signal output terminal 5 through the terminals (1)-(2) of the four-terminal circulator 3 and further through the duplexer 4.
[0030]
The near wave of the transmission signal input through the antenna is input to the terminal {circle around (2)} of the four-terminal circulator 3 after passing through the signal output terminal 5 and the duplexer 4.
[0031]
Then, due to the directivity of the four-terminal circulator 3, the near wave is input from the terminal (2) to the termination means 6 through the terminal (3) and is absorbed there. As a result, the near wave hardly leaks to the terminal (1) of the four-terminal circulator 3 which is the output terminal of the power amplifier 2.
[0032]
On the other hand, a signal level obtained by subtracting the isolation characteristic (usually about 14 dB) of the four-terminal circulator 3 from the signal level of the terminal (1) is output to the terminal (4) of the four-terminal circulator 3, based on this. The detection means 7 detects a DC value corresponding to the output level of the power amplifier 2 and outputs it to the detection output terminal 8.
[0033]
As described above, the radio device having the above configuration uses the four-terminal circulator 3 to input the high-frequency signal amplified by the power amplifier 2 to the signal output terminal 5 through the duplexer 4 due to its directionality. The near wave of the transmission signal entering from the signal output terminal 5 is absorbed by the termination means 6 due to the directionality of the four-terminal circulator 3, and the detection means 7 reverses from the terminal (1) of the four-terminal circulator 3. The DC value of the high frequency signal amplified by the power amplifier 2 is detected from the leakage signal.
[0034]
Therefore, according to the radio apparatus having the above configuration, the same function as that of the circuit shown in FIG. That is, the power loss due to the coupling means 15 can be eliminated and the power loss can be reduced.
[0035]
Further, since the near wave of the transmission signal that has entered from the signal output terminal 5 is absorbed by the termination means 6, distortion due to the transmission signal and the near wave is prevented, and when a large reflection occurs at the signal output terminal 5. However, since the power amplifier 2 does not oscillate abnormally and there is no possibility of damage, the system specifications can be satisfied and the reliability of the system can be improved.
[0036]
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, the configuration of the detection means 7 is shown in FIG. 3, but instead, for example, a configuration as shown in FIG. 4 may be used.
In the detection means 7 shown in FIG. 4, the terminal (4) of the four-terminal circulator 3 is connected to the input terminal 10, and the input terminal 10 is connected to the terminal (1) of the coupling means 15. Further, the coupling means 15 is connected to the terminals (1) and (2) as main lines and to the terminals (1) and (3) as coupled lines. The terminal (2) of the coupling means 15 is terminated by the termination means 16, while the terminal (3) is connected to the input end of the input matching circuit 11.
[0037]
The input matching circuit 11 is connected to the cathode end of the detection diode 12 at the output end thereof, and, similarly to the input matching circuit 11 shown in FIG. Used for alignment to prevent damage.
[0038]
The output matching circuit 13 is connected to the anode end of the detection diode 12 at the input end thereof, and does not impair the characteristics of the detection diode 12 as in the output matching circuit 13 shown in FIG. It is used to set so that an arbitrary DC value is output for two output levels.
[0039]
According to the detection means 7 having such a configuration, not only can the same effect as the detection means 7 shown in FIG. 3 be obtained, but also the power amplifier 2, the four-terminal circulator 3 and the detection performed to obtain stable performance. Adjustment between the diodes 12 is facilitated. In addition, it goes without saying that the present invention can be similarly implemented even if various modifications are made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the present invention, the high-frequency signal amplified by the amplifying means is input to the antenna through the duplexer, and the nearby wave of the high-frequency signal that enters through the antenna is caused by the direction of the circulator. Absorbed by the terminating means, the detecting means detects the DC value of the high-frequency signal amplified by the amplifying means from the reverse leakage signal from the first terminal of the circulator.
[0041]
Therefore, according to the present invention, since the power loss of the high-frequency signal amplified by the amplification means is only the circulator and the duplexer, the power loss can be reduced as compared with the conventional case, and the transmission signal invading from the antenna can be reduced. Since the near wave is absorbed by the termination means, the occurrence of distortion due to the high frequency signal and the near wave is prevented, and it is possible to provide a radio that satisfies the system specifications and can improve the system reliability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing an embodiment of a configuration subsequent to a power amplifier of a radio according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a four-terminal circulator of the wireless device shown in FIG.
3 is a circuit block diagram showing a configuration of detection means of the wireless device shown in FIG. 1;
4 is a circuit block diagram showing a configuration of a modified example of the detection means of the wireless device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a circuit block diagram showing a configuration after a power amplifier of a conventional wireless device.
FIG. 6 is a circuit block diagram showing a configuration after a power amplifier of a conventional wireless device.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Signal input terminal 2 ... Power amplifier 3 ... Four terminal circulator 4 ... Duplexer 5 ... Signal output terminal 6 ... Termination means 7 ... Detection means 8 ... Detection output terminal 9 ... Ferrite 10 ... Input end 11 ... Input matching circuit 12 ... Detection Diode 13 ... Output matching circuit 14 ... Output terminal 15 ... Coupling means 16 ... Termination means 17 ... Isolator

Claims (3)

It has at least four terminals, a signal input from the first terminal is output from the second terminal, a signal input from the second terminal is output from the third terminal, and input from the third terminal A circulator having a direction such that the signal is output from the fourth terminal and the signal input from the fourth terminal is output from the first terminal;
Amplifying means for amplifying a high frequency signal and outputting the amplified signal to the first terminal of the circulator;
A duplexer that receives the high-frequency signal amplified by the amplification means that is output from the second terminal of the circulator, and that limits the bandwidth of the signal and outputs the signal to an antenna;
Termination means connected to a third terminal of the circulator, and terminating a near wave of the high-frequency signal input from the antenna through the duplexer and the second terminal of the circulator;
Detecting means for detecting a direct current value of the high-frequency signal amplified by the amplifying means from a reverse leakage signal from the first terminal of the circulator, connected to a fourth terminal of the circulator; A radio characterized by. The detection means includes
An input matching unit connected to a fourth terminal of the circulator, and matching between the circulator side and the detection unit side;
A cathode end is connected to the output end of the input matching means, and a detection diode for detecting,
2. An output matching means for connecting an input terminal to an anode terminal of the diode and converting a direct current value of a predetermined level detected by the detection diode into a predetermined direct current value. Radio. The detection means includes
A first terminal; a second terminal; and a third terminal, wherein the first terminal and the second terminal are connected as a main line, and the first terminal and the third terminal are connected as a coupling line. A coupling means connected to a terminal, wherein the first terminal is connected to a fourth terminal of the circulator;
Termination means for terminating the second terminal of the coupling means;
An input matching means connected to the third terminal of the coupling means and for matching the circulator side and the detection means side;
A cathode end is connected to the output end of the input matching means, and a detection diode for detecting,
2. An output matching means for connecting an input terminal to an anode terminal of the diode and converting a direct current value of a predetermined level detected by the detection diode into a predetermined direct current value. Radio.

Images