JP4314616B2 - Cast sand removal equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a sand removal apparatus for a casting that can reliably collapse the sand of the casting and remove it from the casting.

Removal of casting sand adhering to the surface of light metal such as aluminum or cast iron or casting sand forming a core has been performed. In particular, in order to collapse the core and discharge it to the outside, hitting the outer surface of the casting is performed.
Japanese Patent No. 3318735

  For example, a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine is equipped with a fuel injection device, or various shapes of combustion chambers are selected to improve combustibility, so that the internal shape of the casting itself has become complicated. In such a case, the shape of the core is complicated and difficult to collapse. Therefore, a large hammer is used to increase the kinetic energy of the tapping vibration for the casting, but the tapping vibration energy becomes excessive and the casting may be damaged. There is also a problem that the durability of the hammer itself is lowered. Furthermore, although a method using an electric motor as a vibration source has been tried, it is still difficult in terms of durability.

  The present invention has been provided in order to solve the above-described problems, and is intended to enhance the durability of the sand removal apparatus and to impart an appropriate tapping vibration kinetic energy to the casting.

In the casting sand removal apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the end of the elongated leaf spring is fixed to the stationary member of the apparatus main body, so that the fixed portion is the fixing portion. The leaf spring between the fixed portion and the leaf spring separated from the fixed portion by a predetermined length is an elastically deformable portion, and a long-shaped transmission member is attached to the separated portion via the attachment portion. The transmission member is arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the leaf spring, and a striking piece for striking the casting is provided at the tip of the transmission member, and the elastic deformation portion of the leaf spring is provided in the torsional direction. An electromagnet that imparts flexural vibration is provided, and the electromagnet performs suction and non-suction operations on the leaf spring, whereby the transmission member swings and the elastic deformation portion of the leaf spring twists and deforms relative to the fixed portion. The transmission member Striking piece by movement characterized by being configured to strike the castings.

  When the electromagnet is energized, the leaf spring is attracted, the elastic deformation portion is bent, and the striking piece strikes the casting vigorously. Next, energization of the electromagnet is stopped immediately before or simultaneously with the hitting phenomenon. As described above, when the leaf spring is attracted and bent, the transmission member also moves and the striking piece fixed to the tip portion strikes the casting. When the energization to the electromagnet is stopped, the transmission reaction force of the transmission member is oscillated as the reaction force of the bending of the leaf spring and the striking piece are elastically rebounded from the casting. Therefore, by repeating the energization and de-energization of the electromagnet, the transmission member continuously performs the swinging motion, and the hitting operation of the striking piece is continuously obtained. Thus, when the transmission member performs a swinging motion, the elastic deformation portion of the leaf spring is deformed in the torsional direction with respect to the fixed portion. That is, the hitting piece strikes the casting by being twisted in one direction, and this time, the spring reaction force of the torsional movement and the hitting piece are elastically rebounded from the casting, so that the transmission member is largely swung in the opposite direction. When the electromagnet is energized again at the same time or immediately before the swing position is maximized, the striking piece strikes the casting vigorously from the position farthest from the casting. By repeating the suction and release of the leaf spring by such an electromagnet, sufficient kinetic energy can be imparted to the striking piece, and the collapse of the solid casting sand, especially the core proceeds. . In the swinging motion of the transmission member, an inertial force is generated by the mass of the striking piece, and a strong striking phenomenon is obtained with respect to the casting.

  By selecting the timing of stopping energization to the electromagnet or resuming energization as described above, it is possible to select an electromagnet suction cycle that matches the natural frequency of the leaf spring, so that the amplitude of the leaf spring can be increased. In addition, it is possible to reduce the consumption of electric energy by reducing the suction output of the electromagnet. Furthermore, since the electromagnet is used, the suction output of the electromagnet can be freely controlled, and the striking force of the striking piece against the casting can be optimized to prevent the casting from being damaged. Furthermore, since the device is composed of leaf springs, striking pieces, electromagnets, etc., there are no rotating parts, sliding parts, or parts for supplying lubricating oil, which is suitable for maintenance management of equipment in a foundry with a lot of dust. . And since it is the combination of an electromagnet, a leaf | plate spring, and a striking piece fundamentally, a structure is simplified and high durability can be ensured. Further, since the basic combination is as described above, the installation space of the apparatus is reduced, and it is possible to operate in a narrow place with a compact apparatus.

The invention according to claim 2 is the sand removal apparatus for castings according to claim 1, wherein the leaf spring is a laminate of a plurality of thin spring steel plates . When the separation part is twisted, the displacement in the torsional direction coincides with the swinging direction of the transmission member, and the leaf spring is attracted and de-attracted with an electromagnet, so that the transmission member is accurately swung in the hitting direction. It moves and a certain tapping action is obtained. In other words, the leaf spring plays a role like a kind of torsion shaft, and the transmission member can accurately perform the swinging motion in a predetermined direction.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the both ends of the leaf spring are the fixed portions, and the leaf spring between the fixed portions is an elastically deformable portion. It is a dropping device. Therefore, since the leaf springs are fixed at both ends, the hitting piece of the transmission member attached to the separated portion can hit the predetermined portion of the casting regularly and accurately by the stable torsional deformation of the leaf spring. In other words, the location where the casting is struck must be struck according to the shape of the casting, and if the location where the struck is improper, the casting is damaged or the core cannot be sufficiently collapsed and the sand is completely discharged. Will not be achieved. Further, since the leaf spring is fixed at both ends, high durability can be obtained.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the control weight according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control weight is mounted on the transmission member opposite to the striking piece with the mounting portion in between. It is a sand removal device for castings. With such a configuration, since the mass of the control weight is added to the deflection of the leaf spring, the torsional amplitude of the leaf spring can be increased, and by adjusting the mass of the control weight, the impact force of the impact piece Can be set to an optimum value. Furthermore, the optimum casting beating can be carried out by adjusting the distance between the mounting portion and the control weight and adjusting the inertial force acting on the striking piece side of the transmission member.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the mounting portion, the separation portion of the leaf spring, and the electromagnet are arranged substantially in a straight line when viewed in the attraction direction of the electromagnet. It is the sand removal apparatus of the described casting. With such a configuration, the bending displacement of the leaf spring by the electromagnet is faithfully transmitted to the transmission member via the mounting portion, and the hitting operation of the striking piece via the transmission member is reliably obtained.

Before SL leaf spring, electromagnet, a striking piece or the like, the relative position between the casting has been configured to allow casting slope unchanged. With such a configuration, the core sand collapsed in the casting can be discharged almost completely by inclining the casting. Further, since the hitting operation can be continued with the hitting piece while being inclined, the core can be collapsed and discharged simultaneously, and the operating efficiency of the apparatus is improved.

  Next, the best embodiment of the casting sand drop apparatus of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 show a first embodiment of a casting sand removing apparatus according to the present invention.

  FIG. 1 is a side view showing the entire casting sand removal apparatus. A casting 3 is fixed by a fixture 2 on a support member 1 made of a square steel plate having a large plate thickness. The casting 3 is a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, and a core 4 for forming a hollow portion such as a water jacket is disposed therein. Further, the casting 3 is provided with functional openings 5 on the upper side or the lateral side of the water jacket.

  An electromagnet 6 is disposed on the support member 1. The electromagnet 6 includes an iron core 8 and an exciting coil 9 wound around the iron core 8 attached to a support plate 7 fixed to the support member 1.

  As shown in FIG. 2, support wall members 10 and 11 are attached to the left and right of the support member 1. The support wall members 10 and 11 are made of a steel plate having a large thickness, and the lower part thereof is welded to the support member 1. The electromagnet 6 is disposed between the holding wall members 10 and 11. Two leaf springs 12 are arranged in a state where the upper portions of the support wall members 10 and 11 are bridged. Each leaf spring 12 is fixed to the upper end portions of the support wall members 10 and 11 by fixing bolts 13 at both ends thereof. This fixed portion is the fixing portion 14.

  A location on the leaf spring 12 that is spaced a predetermined distance from the fixing portion 14 is a separation location 15, and as shown in FIG. 2, when both ends of the leaf spring 12 are fixed to the support wall members 10 and 11, The separation portion 15 is disposed at the center of the leaf spring 12 in the left-right length direction. The leaf spring 12 is formed by laminating a plurality of thin spring steel plates, and has a narrow strip shape as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 or FIG.

  The vicinity of the separated portion 15 of the leaf spring 12 is sandwiched between the suctioned piece 16 corresponding to the iron core 8 below the leaf spring 12 and the substrate 17 disposed on the upper side of the leaf spring 12, and the coupling bolt 18. Thus, the substrate 17, the leaf spring 12, and the suction target piece 16 are integrated. A gap necessary for suction is set between the suction target piece 16 and the iron core 8.

  The substrate 17 is provided with a mounting portion 19 integrated with the substrate 17. The attachment portion 19 integrates the long transmission member 20 with the leaf spring 12. The transmission member 20 is formed of a straight bar having a circular cross section, and a support hole 22 through which the transmission member 20 passes is formed in the coupling block 21 of the mounting portion 19, and the slit 23 reaching the support hole 22 is fixed to the fixing bolt. The coupling block 21 and the transmission member 20 are integrated by tightening at 24. Therefore, by loosening the fixing bolt 24 and moving the transmission member 20, the position of the hitting piece 25 described later can be freely changed, and the optimum hitting point can be obtained. The attachment portion 19, the separation portion 15 of the leaf spring 12, and the electromagnet 6 are arranged substantially in a straight line when viewed in the attraction direction of the electromagnet 6.

  The long transmission member 20 crosses the leaf spring 12 at a right angle and intersects. That is, when viewed in a plan view, as shown in FIG. 5A, the transmission member 20 is orthogonal to the leaf spring 12 installed between the fixed portions 14.

  The transmission member 20 is extended toward the casting 3, and a striking piece 25 for hitting the casting 3 is attached to the tip of the transmission member 20. A control weight W is mounted on the transmission member 20 on the side opposite to the striking piece 25 with the mounting portion 19 therebetween. As shown in FIG. 3, the control weight W is integrated with the transmission member 20 by a fixing bolt 26 that is threaded into the control weight W through the transmission member 20. Therefore, the position of the control weight W can be freely changed by loosening the fixing bolt 26. By such position change, the inertia force of the control weight W acting on the transmission member 20 can be adjusted, and the impact force of the striking piece 25 optimum for the casting 3 can be obtained.

  FIG. 4 is a front view showing a specific structure of the striking piece 25 arranged at the distal end portion of the transmission member 20. A support plate 27 is welded to the end of the transmission member 20, and a support block 28 is welded to the support plate 27. Two striking pieces 25 are welded to the support block 28.

  In the above description, an example in which two leaf springs 12 are arranged in parallel has been shown, but this can be made one or three. Further, the leaf spring 12 has both end portions as fixed portions 14, but this can be cantilevered. In the case of the cantilever type, the free end of the leaf spring becomes the separation portion 15.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the gap between the tip of the striking piece 25 and the surface of the casting 3 is substantially the same as the gap between the suctioned piece 16 and the iron core 8, or the latter gap. It is set large.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a control device 29 is provided for controlling the operation of this device, and 30 is an operation input device. The control device 29 controls the current, voltage, energization timing, energization time, energization cycle, etc. of the electromagnet 6 to the exciting coil 9. Further, an operator of the foundry factory operates the operation input device 30 to set the above-described current, voltage, energization timing, energization time, energization cycle, and the like to required values. These control device 29 and operation input device 30 may be those generally used. In this embodiment, the cycle (number of hits) is 3000 to 7000 times / minute.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a base member 31 is disposed below the support member 1. The base member 31 is formed of a square plate member having a large thickness, and a vibration unit 32 is provided between the support member 1 and the base member 31. The vibration means 32 applies vibration having a high frequency to the support member 1 to promote the collapse of the core 4, and further, sand that has collapsed and is dispersed on the support member 1 from the casting 3 in a predetermined direction. To be moved.

  As is apparent from FIGS. 1 and 2, a total of four support leaf springs 33 are disposed so as to be inclined in the oblique direction. The lower end of each support leaf spring 33 is coupled to the base member 31 via a coupling bracket 34, and the upper end is coupled to the lower surface of the support member 1 via the coupling bracket 34. Although the detailed structure of the coupling bracket 34 is not illustrated, a block-shaped iron piece is welded to the base member 31 or the support member 1 and the support leaf spring 33 is coupled to the iron piece using a bolt.

  In order to pull down the support member 1, the electromagnet 35 is installed on the base member 31, and a predetermined gap is set between the iron core 36 and the suctioned piece 37 fixed to the support member 1. is there. When the suction and non-suction by the electromagnet 35 are repeated, the support member 1 vibrates and the support plate spring 33 is inclined, so that the sand on the support member 1 moves in one direction.

  Near the four corners of the base member 31, tilt imparting means 38 are arranged. This means 38 inclines the support member 1 in a predetermined direction to facilitate the collapse of the core 4 of the casting 3, moves the sand on the support member 1 to a lower inclination, or collapses from the opening 5. It is arranged for discharging the foundry sand from the foundry 3. Various mechanisms can be employed as the specific mechanism. In this example, the hydraulic cylinders are arranged at the four corners of the base member 31 and the output strokes of the hydraulic cylinders are adjusted to adjust the tilt direction and tilt angle of the base member 31. Is set. Such tilt control can be performed by the output signal of the control device 29.

  The operation of the first embodiment will be described.

  When the attracted piece 16 is pulled down by the electromagnet 6, the striking piece 25 collides with the surface of the casting 3, so that the transmission member 20 swings clockwise around the vicinity of the attachment portion 19 by the impact reaction force. By this swinging, the vicinity of the separation portion 15 of the leaf spring 12 is also twisted in the clockwise direction, and the striking piece 25 is separated from the casting 3. Due to the reaction force of this torsional deflection, as shown in FIG. 5B, the vicinity of the separation portion 15 of the leaf spring 12 is displaced in the counterclockwise direction, so that the striking piece 25 of the transmission member 20 oscillated thereby. Will hit the casting 3 strongly. Thereafter, the transmission member 20 swings to a position as shown in FIG. 10C due to the reaction force at the time of impact shown in FIG. Such a series of swinging of the transmission member 20 is performed in synchronism with the attraction and non-attraction of the electromagnet 6 such that the casting 3 is struck when the electromagnet 6 is attracted and the impact piece 25 is separated from the casting 3 when the electromagnet 6 is not attracted. Is called. With such repetitive motion, continuous tapping vibration can be obtained.

The frequency of the hit vibration is set lower than the repetition frequency of the electromagnet 35 that is attracted and not attracted. By doing so, the hitting piece 25 having a frequency lower than the frequency of the electromagnet 35 is synergistically performed with respect to the minute vibration of the support member 1, and the collapsibility of the core 4 is improved. By setting a low blow frequency of the impact piece 25, it is possible to increase the pivot angle of the transmission member 20, the striking piece 25 with a mass to be able to collide into the casting at high speed, the striking piece 25 motion Energy can be further increased. Then, since the inertial force of the control weight W is added to the swing of the transmission member 20, the amplitude of the striking piece 25 is increased, and the striking kinetic energy is further strengthened. That is, the fine vibration imparted to the support member 1 and the hitting by the hitting piece 25 are synergistic, and the collapsibility of the core 4 in the casting 3 is further improved.

  When the electromagnet 6 is energized, the leaf spring 12 is attracted, the elastic deformation portion between the fixed portion 14 and the separation portion 15 is bent, and the striking piece 25 strikes the casting 3 with vigor. Next, energization to the electromagnet 6 is stopped immediately before or simultaneously with the hitting phenomenon. As described above, when the leaf spring 12 is sucked and bent, the transmission member 20 also moves and the striking piece 25 fixed to the tip portion strikes the casting 3. When the energization of the electromagnet 6 is stopped, the transmission reaction force of the leaf spring 12 and the striking piece 25 are elastically rebounded from the casting 3, so that the transmission member 20 swings. Therefore, by repeating energization and deenergization of the electromagnet 6, the transmission member 20 continuously performs the swinging motion, and the striking operation of the striking piece 25 is continuously obtained. As described above, when the transmission member 20 swings, the elastic deformation portion of the leaf spring 12 is deformed in the torsional direction with respect to the fixed portion 14. That is, the impact piece 25 strikes the casting 3 by being twisted in one direction. This time, the spring reaction force of this torsional movement and the impact piece 25 are elastically rebounded from the casting 3, thereby causing the transmission member 20 to move in the opposite direction. Swings greatly. When the electromagnet 6 is energized at the same time or immediately before the swing position is maximized, the striking piece 25 strikes the casting 3 vigorously from the place farthest from the casting 3. By repeating such suction and release of the leaf spring 12 by the electromagnet 6, sufficient kinetic energy can be imparted to the striking piece 12, and the foundry sand, particularly the core 4, which is solid. Collapse progresses. In the swinging operation of the transmission member 20, an inertial force is generated by the mass of the striking piece 25, and a strong hitting phenomenon against the casting 3 is obtained.

  By selecting the timing of stopping energization to the electromagnet 6 or resuming energization as described above, the suction cycle of the electromagnet 6 that matches the natural frequency of the leaf spring 12 can be selected. In addition, the suction output of the electromagnet 6 can be reduced and the consumption of electric energy can be reduced. Furthermore, since the electromagnet 6 is used, the suction output of the electromagnet 6 can be freely controlled, the striking force of the striking piece 25 against the casting 3 can be optimized, and the casting 3 can be prevented from being damaged. . Further, since the apparatus is constituted by the leaf spring 12, the striking piece 25, the electromagnet 6 and the like, there is no rotating part, sliding part, or part for supplying lubricating oil, so that the apparatus can be maintained and managed in a dusty casting factory. Is preferred. And since it is the combination of the electromagnet 6, the leaf | plate spring 12, and the striking piece 25 fundamentally, a structure is simplified and high durability can be ensured. Further, since the basic combination is as described above, the installation space of the apparatus is reduced, and it is possible to operate in a narrow place with a compact apparatus.

  The leaf spring 12 has an elongated shape, and a transmission member 20 is disposed in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the leaf spring 12. Therefore, when the separation portion 15 is twisted, the displacement in the torsional direction coincides with the swinging direction of the transmission member 20, and the electromagnet 6 makes the leaf spring 12 attracted and non-attracted. Oscillates accurately in the hitting direction, and a reliable hitting operation is obtained. In other words, the leaf spring 12 plays a role like a kind of torsion shaft, so that the transmission member 20 can accurately perform the swinging motion in a predetermined direction.

Both end portions of the leaf spring 12 are the fixing portions 14, and the leaf spring between the both fixing portions 14 is an elastic deformation portion. Therefore, since the leaf spring 12 is fixed at both ends, the vertical position of the separation portion 15 does not change, and the striking piece 25 of the transmission member 20 attached to the separation portion 15 is a stable torsion of the leaf spring 12. Due to the deformation, a predetermined portion of the casting 3 can be hit regularly and accurately. That is, the location where the casting 3 is struck must be struck according to the shape of the casting 3, and if the location where the struck is improper, the casting 3 may be damaged or the core 4 cannot be sufficiently collapsed. Will not be fully achieved. Further, since the leaf spring 12 is fixed at both ends, high durability can be obtained.

  A control weight W is mounted on the transmission member 20 on the side opposite to the striking piece 25 with the mounting portion 19 in between. With such a configuration, since the mass of the control weight W is added to the deflection of the leaf spring 12, the torsional amplitude of the leaf spring 12 can be increased, and by adjusting the mass of the control weight W, the impact The striking force of the piece 25 can be set to an optimum value. Further, by adjusting the distance between the mounting portion 19 and the control weight W and adjusting the inertial force acting on the striking piece 25 side of the transmission member 20, optimum casting can be performed.

  The attachment portion 19, the separation portion 15 of the leaf spring 12, and the electromagnet 6 are arranged substantially in a straight line when viewed in the attraction direction of the electromagnet 6. With such a configuration, the torsional deflection displacement of the leaf spring 12 by the electromagnet 6 is faithfully transmitted to the transmission member 20 via the mounting portion 19, and the hitting operation of the striking piece 25 via the transmission member 20 can be reliably obtained. .

  The casting 3 can be tilted while the relative positions of the leaf spring 12, the electromagnet 6, the striking piece 25, etc. and the casting 3 are unchanged. With such a configuration, the core sand collapsed in the casting 3 can be almost completely discharged by inclining the casting 3. Further, since the hitting operation can be continued with the hitting piece 25 while being inclined, the core 4 can be collapsed and discharged simultaneously, and the operating efficiency of the apparatus is improved.

  Since the supporting member 1 slightly vibrates by the vibration means 32, the core 4 of the casting 3 is easily collapsed by the minute vibration. And since the impact with high kinetic energy by the hit | damage piece 25 is provided to the casting 3, the part of the core 4 which is easy to collapse by such an impact collapses. Thus, effective collapse of the core 4 is promoted by the two types of vibration systems.

  FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the cast sand removing apparatus of the present invention.

  In this embodiment, a spring member 39 is disposed between the casting 3 and the support member 1. For this purpose, the casting 3 is placed and fixed on a square auxiliary table 40, and spring members 39 formed of compression coil springs are arranged near the four corners of the auxiliary table 40. Other configurations are the same as in the previous embodiment.

  FIG. 2A shows a state where the apparatus does not operate and is stationary, and a space exists between the striking piece 25 and the casting 3. An imaginary line 41 is shown to show the center of this space. When the electromagnet 6 is activated and the striking piece 25 strikes the casting 3 as described above, the casting piece 25 is lowered and the casting member 3 is lifted by the spring member 39 as shown by the arrow in FIG. Since the impact energy applied to the casting 3 is made stronger, the impact on the core 4 can be increased and a good core collapse can be obtained. In order to obtain such a synchronous operation, the selection of the mass of the casting 3, the frequency of the electromagnet 6, the bending state of the transmission member 20 itself, the mass of the control weight W, the spring constant of the spring member 39, etc. See and set the values for each part. Other functions and effects are the same as in the previous embodiment.

  The main structure is a leaf spring, an electromagnet, and a striking piece. The structure is simplified and the durability is high, and it can be used in a wide range of industrial fields.

It is a side view of this invention apparatus. It is sectional drawing of this invention apparatus. It is a side view of a control weight. It is a front view which shows the installation structure of a hit piece. It is the simple top view and side view which show the operation state of a hit piece. It is the simple side view which supported the casting elastically.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Support member 3 Casting 4 Core 6 Electromagnet 12 Leaf spring 14 Fixed part 15 Separation part 19 Attachment part 20 Transmission member 25 Strike piece W Control weight 31 Base member 38 Inclination provision means

Claims (5)

The end of the elongated plate spring is fixed to the stationary member of the apparatus main body, so that the fixed part is a fixed part, and the fixed part is separated from the fixed part by a predetermined length. The leaf spring between the spring and the separated portion is an elastically deforming portion, and a long-shaped transmission member is attached to the separated portion via the attachment portion, and this transmission member is substantially in the longitudinal direction of the leaf spring. Arranged in an orthogonal direction, a striking piece for striking a casting is provided at the tip of the transmission member, an electromagnet for imparting torsional flexural vibration is provided in the elastic deformation portion of the leaf spring, and the electromagnet is a leaf spring By performing the suction and non-suction operations, the transmission member swings and the elastic deformation portion of the leaf spring twists and deforms with respect to the fixed portion, and the hitting piece is casted by the swinging motion of the transmission member. Configured to blow Shakeout apparatus castings, characterized in that. 2. The casting sand removal apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the leaf spring is formed by laminating a plurality of thin spring steel plates .   The casting sand drop device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein both end portions of the leaf spring are the fixing portions, and a leaf spring between the both fixing portions is an elastic deformation portion.   The cast sand removing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a control weight is mounted on a transmission member on the side opposite to the striking piece with the mounting portion interposed therebetween.   The cast sand removal device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the attachment portion, the separation portion of the leaf spring, and the electromagnet are arranged substantially in a straight line when viewed in the attraction direction of the electromagnet.

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