JP4313674B2 - 担持されたビス(リン)配位子および触媒作用におけるそれらの使用 - Google Patents
担持されたビス(リン)配位子および触媒作用におけるそれらの使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4313674B2 JP4313674B2 JP2003547467A JP2003547467A JP4313674B2 JP 4313674 B2 JP4313674 B2 JP 4313674B2 JP 2003547467 A JP2003547467 A JP 2003547467A JP 2003547467 A JP2003547467 A JP 2003547467A JP 4313674 B2 JP4313674 B2 JP 4313674B2
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- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
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- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 title description 8
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- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 93
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 52
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229940073769 methyl oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- HNBDRPTVWVGKBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentanoic acid methyl ester Natural products CCCCC(=O)OC HNBDRPTVWVGKBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIINGNMKNRSOGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oct-7-enal Chemical compound C=CCCCCCC=O LIINGNMKNRSOGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HVAMZGADVCBITI-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent-4-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC=C HVAMZGADVCBITI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930015698 phenylpropene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)Cl FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/40—Introducing phosphorus atoms or phosphorus-containing groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/165—Polymer immobilised coordination complexes, e.g. organometallic complexes
- B01J31/1658—Polymer immobilised coordination complexes, e.g. organometallic complexes immobilised by covalent linkages, i.e. pendant complexes with optional linking groups, e.g. on Wang or Merrifield resins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1845—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing phosphorus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
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Description
Qは有機環構造であり;そして
Polは不溶性ポリマー支持体である]
のポリマー担持ジオールの製造方法であって、
ハロゲン化ベンジル含有ポリマーまたはオレフィン含有ポリマーよりなる群から選択されるポリマーにジオールを酸触媒グラフトすることを含んでなり、
ここで該ジオールは、
ビフェノール、C、
およびビナフトール、D、
およびそれらの組合せよりなる群から選択される、方法である。
PolおよびQは炭素−炭素結合を介して結合されており;
Qは有機環構造であり;
Polは不溶性ポリマー支持体であり;
Xは、アルコキシド、アリールオキシド、アルキルまたはアリールの群から選択される]
を有するポリマー担持ビス(リン)配位子(2)を製造する方法であって、
該方法は本明細書で開示されているポリマー担持ジオールと、PYnX3−n型
[式中、Yはハライドであり、
Xは、アルコキシド、アリールオキシド、アルキルおよびアリールよりなる群から選択され、n=3、2、または1であり、Xがアルコキシド、アリールオキシド、アルキルまたはアリールであるとき、Xは1〜50個の炭素原子、ヘテロ原子、またはエーテル類、アルコール類、エステル類、およびアミド類よりなる群から選択される官能基を含んでもよい]
のハロゲン化リンとを接触させることを含んでなる、方法である。
PolおよびQは炭素−炭素結合を介して結合されており;
Qは有機環構造であり;
Polは不溶性ポリマー支持体であり;
Xはアルコキシド、アリールオキシド、アルキルまたはアリールの群から選択され;
Mは触媒的に活性な遷移金属である]
のポリマー担持遷移金属触媒組成物を製造する方法であって、
該方法は、本明細書で製造され、開示される、ポリマー担持ビス(リン)配位子を、触媒的に活性な遷移金属、Mと配合することを含んでなる、方法である。
担持されたビフェノール類およびビナフトール類の説明および製造
支持体ジオール組成物を製造する方法を最初に開示し、続いて求電子置換反応によりポリマー担持ビス(リン)配位子を製造する方法を開示する。第2の方法の目的は、好ましくはポリマー支持体である、不溶性ポリマーに共有結合したキレート配位子の構築によって達成される。以下で使用される「Pol」は、常に、「不溶性ポリマー」または「ポリマー支持体」を意味する。
式1の材料の製造は、ハロゲン化ベンジル含有ポリマーにビフェノール類(C)をルイス酸触媒グラフトすることを含む。メリフィールド(Merrifield)樹脂[0.2%〜5%のジビニルベンゼンで架橋したスチレンとビニルベンジルクロリドのコポリマー]、ポリ(ビニルベンジルクロリド)、およびスチレンとビニルベンジルクロリド改質セルロースのコポリマー等の、塩化ベンジル含有ポリマーにビフェノール類をグラフトすることが好ましい。
式IIの材料の製造は、メリフィールド(Merrifield)樹脂[0.2%〜5%のジビニルベンゼンで架橋したスチレンとビニルベンジルクロリドのコポリマー]、ポリ(ビニルベンジルクロリド)、およびスチレンとビニルベンジルクロリド改質セルロースのコポリマー等の、塩化ベンジル含有ポリマーにビフェノール類(D)をルイス酸触媒グラフトすることを含む。
式IIIの材料の製造は、ポリブタジエン、ブタジエンとスチレンのコポリマー、脱水素化ポリスチレン等の、オレフィン含有ポリマーに、ビフェノール類(C)を酸触媒グラフトすることを含む。最後の脱水素化ポリスチレンは、2,3−ジクロロ−5,6−ジシアノ−1,4−ベンゾキノン(DDQ)の処理により、ポリスチレンを部分的に不飽和な主鎖構造に部分的脱水素化することによって製造される。
式IVの材料の製造は、ポリブタジエン、ブタジエンとスチレンのコポリマー、脱水素化ポリスチレン等のオレフィン含有ポリマーに、ビナフトール類(D)を酸触媒グラフトすることを含む。最後の脱水素化ポリスチレンは、DDQの処理により、ポリスチレンを部分的に不飽和な主鎖構造に部分的脱水素化することによって製造される。
ポリマー担持ビス(リン)配位子は、当該技術分野で周知の様々な方法で製造されてきた。たとえば、国際公開第93,03839号パンフレット;米国特許第4,769,498号および米国特許第4,668,651号の記述を参照されたい。概して、この変換は、P−O結合を形成するためのハロゲン化リン(一般には塩化物であるが、限定されない)とジオールとの反応を含む。該ハロゲン化リンは、PYnX3−n型[式中、Y=ハライド、X=アルコキシド、アリールオキシド、アルキル、アリール、n=3、2、または1である]の任意の化合物であってもよい。本発明の好ましいハロゲン化リンは、Y=Cl;X=アルコキシド、アリールオキシド、アルキル、またはアリール;n=1であるものである。基Xは、1〜50個の炭素原子を含んでもよい。基Xは、場合により、酸素、窒素、ハロゲン、等々のヘテロ原子、およびエーテル、アルコール、エステル、アミド等々の官能基も含んでもよい。基Xは、環構造を形成するため連結されていてもよく、連結されていなくてもよい。PX2部分は、環を形成してもよく、Xは、アルコキシド、アリールオキシド、アルキル、アリール、またはそれらの組合せであってもよい。多くのジアルキルクロロホスフィン類およびジアリールクロロホスフィン類は市販されているか、または当該技術分野で既知の方法(たとえば、J.Am.Chem.Soc.1994,116,9869)で製造することが可能である。ホスホロクロリダイト類は、当該技術分野で既知の様々な方法で製造することができ、たとえば、Polymer 1992,33,161;Inorg.Syn.1966,8,68;米国特許第5,210,260号;Z.Anorg.Allg.Chem.1986,535,221の記述を参照されたい。たとえば、2,2′−ビフェノールと三塩化リンとの反応で、1,1′−ビフェニル−2,2′−ジイルホスホロクロリダイトが得られる。
本発明の主題である遷移金属触媒は、以下に示す式で明示される:
改良された異性体化方法は、最小量の特定有害不純物を含む試薬を使用することによって達成される。本発明のキレート配位子組成物を使用して、分枝状ニトリル類を線状のニトリル類に異性体化するために使用することが可能な触媒を形成することができる。該異性体化は、アルケニルニトリルを異性体化するのに十分な条件で、アルケニルニトリルを、上で開示した触媒と反応させることを含んでなる。該方法は、ルイス酸を用いてまたは用いずに、行うことができる。好適なアルケニルニトリルの例としては、2−アルキル−3−モノアルケンニトリル類、3−アルケンニトリル類、またはそれらの組合せなどが挙げられるが、この限りではない。該異性体化は、使用する個々の触媒、アルケニルニトリル、試薬および生成物の揮発性、および望ましい速度によってある程度左右される条件で実施することができる。改良された方法は、500ppm未満の過酸化物を含有する分枝状ニトリルを使用する方法である。好ましくは、該分枝状ニトリルは、100ppm未満の過酸化物を含有する。一般に、約−25℃〜約200℃の温度を使用することができ、0℃〜約175℃が好ましい。
2〜20個の炭素原子を有する内部モノエテン性不飽和有機化合物または5〜20個の炭素原子を有する環状モノエテン性不飽和化合物をヒドロホルミル化して、対応するアルデヒドを生成するために使用することが可能な触媒を形成するために、本発明のポリマー配位子を使用することができる。該触媒は、少なくとも1つの本発明のポリマー配位子と組み合せたVIII属金属またはVIII属金属化合物を含んでなる。ヒドロホルミル化反応に好ましいVIII属金属は、ロジウム、イリジウム、および白金であり、ロジウムが最も好ましい。VIII属金属は、水素化物、ハライド、有機酸塩、ケトン酸塩、無機酸塩、酸化物、カルボニル化合物、アミン化合物、またはそれらの2つもしくはそれ以上の組合せ等の、化合物の形態であってもよい。好ましいVIII属金属化合物は、Ir4(CO)12、IrSO4、RhCl3、Rh(NO3)3、Rh(OAc)3、Rh2O3、Rh(acac)(CO)2、[Rh(OAc)(COD)]2、Rh4(CO)12、Rh6(CO)16、RhH(CO)(Ph3P)3、[Rh(OAc)(CO)2]2、[RhCl(COD)]2、およびそれらの2つもしくはそれ以上の組合せである(「acac」は、アセチルアセトネート基であり;「OAc」はアセチル基であり;「COD」は、1,5−シクロオクタジエンであり;「Ph」はフェニル基である)。しかし、VIII属金属化合物は、必ずしも上に列挙した化合物に限定されないことに注目すべきである。ヒドロホルミル化に適したロジウム化合物は、たとえば、PCT特許出願国際公開第9530680号パンフレット、米国特許第3,907,847号、およびJ.Am.Chem.Soc.,115,2066,1993年(参照により本明細書に援用する)に記載されている、当該技術分野で周知の技術に従って、製造または生成することができる。本ポリマーホスファイト配位子で置き換えることができる配位子を含むロジウム化合物が、ロジウムの好ましいソースである。このような好ましいロジウム化合物の例は、Rh(CO)2(acac)、Rh(CO)2(C4H9COCHCO−t−C4H9)、Rh2O3、Rh4(CO)12、Rh6(CO)16、Rh(O2CCH3)2、Rh(2−エチルヘキサノエート)、およびそれらの2つもしくはそれ以上の組合せである。
1−Prは、イソプロピルアルコールを意味する
(o−iPrC6H4O)2は、イソプロピルフェニルを意味する
SLは、担持された配位子を意味する
SCは、担持された触媒であり、数値はSLの番号に対応する。
ポリスチレン(2.0g)およびDDQ(0.76g)の混合物を、約30mlのトルエン中、85℃で4時間攪拌した。この樹脂をろ過し、トルエン、アセトニトリル、アセトン、酢酸エチル(各溶媒2×20ml)で洗浄し、真空で乾燥させて、褐色固体1.8gを得た。
触媒の製造:Ni(COD)2 0.0039g(0.014mmol)を含むトルエン0.320mlを、バイアル内の、SL 4 0.038g(0.021mmol)を含むトルエン0.200ml中に加えることにより、触媒懸濁液を製造した。
触媒の製造:
実施例12Aからのオフホワイト固体400mgに、THF4ml中のNi(COD)2を63mg加えることにより、ニッケル触媒を製造した。2〜3時間攪拌した後、真空下で、溶媒を除去した。
3口フラスコに、上記ニッケル触媒0.284g、塩化亜鉛19mgおよび3−ペンテンニトリル5mlを入れた。シアン化水素化反応は、50℃で180分間、次いで70℃で120分間、湯浴を用いて、12cc/分の窒素流量で実施した。GC分析は、ペンテンニトリルの87%がジニトリル類に転換されており、アジポニトリル分配は93%であることを示した。
ドライ・ボックス内で、3−ペンテンニトリル(5.0g)、Rh(CO)2(acac)(2.5mg)、および1,2−ジクロロベンゼン(内部標準、0.27M)を含有する溶液を製造した。この溶液を、ロジウム1当量当たり、実施例2Aに記載のポリマーホスファイトおよそ2当量が入っている、ガラスで内側が覆われている圧力容器に加えた。この反応器を密閉し、1:1モル比のCO/H2で65psigに加圧し、95℃に3時間加熱した。反応器を冷却し、減圧し、J.B.サイエンチフィック(J.B.Scientific)から購入したDB5溶融石英毛管カラム(30m、内径0.32mm)付HP 5890A Chromatographを用いて、反応混合物のサンプルをガスクロマトグラフィで分析した。GC分析:76.1%転換;5−ホルミルバレロニトリルに対する選択性:モルベースで82.7%;生成したアルデヒドの線状性:95.3%。
Claims (26)
- ハロゲン化ベンジル含有ポリマーまたはオレフィン含有ポリマーよりなる群から選択されるポリマーにジオールを酸触媒グラフトすることを含んでなり、
ここで該ジオールは、
(a)ビフェノール、C、
および(b)ビナフトール、D、
およびそれらの組合せよりなる群から選択される、式:
Qは有機環構造であり;そして
Polは不溶性ポリマー支持体である]
のポリマー担持ジオールの製造方法。 - 各RがC1〜C20分枝状アルキル、C1〜C20直鎖アルキルおよびC1〜C20シクロアルキルよりなる群から独立して選択される請求項1に記載の方法。
- ハロゲン化ベンジル含有ポリマーが塩化ベンジル含有ポリマーであり、そしてルイス酸触媒により溶媒中で10℃〜150℃の温度で行う請求項1に記載の方法。
- 塩化ベンジル含有ポリマーがポリ(ビニルベンジルクロリド)、スチレンとビニルベンジルクロリドのコポリマー、0.2%〜5%のジビニルベンゼンで架橋されたスチレンとビニルベンジルクロリドのコポリマー、およびポリ(ビニルベンジルクロリド)改質セルロースよりなる群から選択される請求項3に記載の方法。
- ポリマーがオレフィン含有ポリマーであり、そして酸中の溶媒中で25℃〜180℃の温度で行う請求項1に記載の方法。
- オレフィン含有ポリマーがポリブタジエン、ブタジエンとスチレンのコポリマー、および脱水素化ポリスチレンよりなる群から選択される請求項5に記載の方法。
- ルイス酸がAlBr3、AlCl3、AlF3、AlClxF(3−x)、GaCl3、FeCl3、SbCl5、ZrCl4、SnCl4、BCl3、BF3、SbCl3、BF3・OEt2、BPh3、ZnCl2、ZnBr2、ZnI2;Al(III)、Ga(III)、Fe(III)、Sb(III)、Zr(IV)、Sn(IV)、およびB(III)のアルコキシド、フェノレート、トリフレートおよびトシレート、および臭化物およびヨウ化物の塩形よりなる群から選択される請求項3に記載の方法。
- ルイス酸がZnCl2またはAlCl3である請求項7に記載の方法。
- 酸がAlBr3、AlCl3、AlF3、AlClxF(3−x)、GaCl3、FeCl3、SbCl5、ZrCl4、SnCl4、BCl3、BF3、SbCl3、BF3・OEt2、BPh3;Al(III)、Ga(III)、Fe(III)、Sb(III)、Zr(IV)、Sn(IV)、およびB(III)のアルコキシド、フェノレート、トリフレートおよびトシレート;臭化物およびヨウ化物の塩形;ならびに硫酸、リン酸、ポリリン酸、トリフリック酸(triflic acid)、およびリンタングステン酸よりなる群から選択されるプロトン酸よりなる群から選択される請求項5に記載の方法。
- 酸がAlCl3、リンタングステン酸およびトリフリック酸よりなる群から選択される請求項9に記載の方法。
- ハロゲン化ベンジル含有ポリマーにグラフトされたジオールを含んでなる、式:
のポリマー担持ジオールであって、
ここで、該ジオールが、
(a)ビフェノール、C、
および(b)ビナフトール、D、
およびそれらの組合せよりなる群から選択されるポリマー担持ジオール。 - 請求項11に記載のポリマー担持ジオールを、塩基の存在下で、式PYnX3−nのハロゲン化リンと接触させることを含んでなり、
ここでYはハライドであり;Xは、アルコキシド、アリールオキシド、アルキルおよびアリールよりなる群から選択され;そしてn=3、2、または1であり;
Xがアルコキシド、アリールオキシド、アルキルまたはアリールであるとき、Xは1〜50個の炭素原子、ヘテロ原子、またはエーテル類、アルコール類、エステル類、およびアミド類よりなる群から選択される官能基を含んでもよい、式
を有するポリマー担持ビス(リン)配位子(2)の製造方法。 - 該塩基が三級アミンである請求項12に記載の方法。
- 式
を有するポリマー担持ビス(リン)配位子(2)であって、
請求項11に記載のポリマー担持ジオールと、式PYnX3−n
[式中、Yはハライドであり;Xはアルコキシド、アリールオキシド、アルキルおよびアリールよりなる群から選択され;そしてn=3、2、または1であり;
Xがアルコキシド、アリールオキシド、アルキルまたはアリールであるとき、Xは1〜50個の炭素原子、ヘテロ原子、またはエーテル類、アルコール類、エステル類、およびアミド類よりなる群から選択される官能基を含んでもよい]
のハロゲン化リンとの反応生成物を含んでなるポリマー担持ビス(リン)配位子(2)。 - Mがニッケルである請求項15に記載の方法。
- Mがニッケルである請求項17に記載の組成物。
- 請求項17に記載の触媒組成物を使用する異性体化方法。
- 請求項17に記載の触媒組成物の存在下でアルケニルニトリル化合物を反応させることを含んでなる異性体化方法。
- アルケニルニトリル化合物が500ppm未満の過酸化物を含む請求項20に記載の方法。
- アルケニルニトリル化合物が100ppm未満の過酸化物を含む請求項20に記載の異性体化方法。
- アルケニルニトリル化合物が2−メチル−3−ブテンニトリルであり、そして金属がニッケルである請求項20、21または22に記載の異性体化方法。
- 請求項17に記載の触媒組成物を使用する水素化方法。
- 請求項17に記載の触媒組成物を使用するシアン化水素化方法。
- 請求項17に記載の触媒組成物を使用するヒドロホルミル化方法。
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