JP4310366B1 - Twin-screw kneading extruder - Google Patents

Twin-screw kneading extruder Download PDF

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JP4310366B1
JP4310366B1 JP2008068015A JP2008068015A JP4310366B1 JP 4310366 B1 JP4310366 B1 JP 4310366B1 JP 2008068015 A JP2008068015 A JP 2008068015A JP 2008068015 A JP2008068015 A JP 2008068015A JP 4310366 B1 JP4310366 B1 JP 4310366B1
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kneading
screw
axial force
thrust
unit
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JP2009220433A (en
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浩一 本家
耕児 皆川
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Priority to PCT/JP2009/055055 priority patent/WO2009116494A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/405—Intermeshing co-rotating screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/57—Screws provided with kneading disc-like elements, e.g. with oval-shaped elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/68—Barrels or cylinders
    • B29C48/682—Barrels or cylinders for twin screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/04—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/30—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for axial load mainly

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

【課題】２本の混練スクリュが設けられた混練部と、スクリュ駆動用の駆動モータと、混練部と駆動モータとを連結する変速部とを有する二軸混練押出機において、両混練スクリュをスラスト方向で適正に保持し、変速部のコンパクト化や故障の防止、長寿命化を図るようにした二軸混練押出機を提供する。
【解決手段】二軸混練押出機１は、第１混練スクリュ１２ａに作用する変速部４向きの軸力を検出する軸力検出部８と、第１混練スクリュ１２ａのスラスト荷重を支持する第１スラスト軸受部５と、第１スラスト軸受部５を介して第１混練スクリュ１２ａに軸方向の背圧を負荷する軸力付与部７と、軸力検出部８の検出値に基づいて軸力付与部７を制御する軸力制御部９とを有している。
【選択図】図１In a twin-screw kneading extruder having a kneading section provided with two kneading screws, a drive motor for driving a screw, and a transmission section for connecting the kneading section and the driving motor, both kneading screws are thrust. Provided is a twin-screw kneading extruder that is appropriately held in the direction so as to make the transmission portion compact, prevent failure, and prolong its service life.
A twin-screw kneading extruder 1 includes an axial force detection unit 8 that detects an axial force directed to a transmission unit 4 acting on a first kneading screw 12a, and a first load that supports a thrust load of the first kneading screw 12a. An axial force is applied based on the detected value of the axial bearing detector 5, the axial force applying portion 7 that applies an axial back pressure to the first kneading screw 12 a via the first thrust bearing portion 5, and the axial force detecting portion 8. And an axial force control unit 9 for controlling the unit 7.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

本発明は、二軸混練押出機に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a twin-screw kneading extruder.

二軸混練押出機は、バレル内に設けられた左右一対の混練室に対して混練スクリュがそれぞれ回転自在に挿通された混練部と、これら両混練スクリュ用の回転駆動力を発生する駆動モータと、混練部と駆動モータとの間を連結して駆動モータの回転駆動力を減速又は増速し且つ各混練スクリュへ分配する変速部とを有している。
駆動モータで混練スクリュを回転させつつ、バレルに設けられた材料投入ホッパからプラスチック等の被混練材料を投入すると、この被混練材料は両混練スクリュの回転で溶融、混練作用を受けながらバレル先端へ向けて圧送され、バレル先端に設けられたダイ部から押し出されるようになる。ダイ部での樹脂圧は高圧となり、各混練スクリュは大きなスラスト荷重を受けることになるため、各混練スクリュに個別に対応させてスラスト軸受を設け支持しているのが普通である。 The twin-screw kneading extruder includes a kneading section in which kneading screws are rotatably inserted into a pair of left and right kneading chambers provided in the barrel, a drive motor that generates a rotational driving force for both the kneading screws, And a kneading unit and a drive motor, and a transmission unit that decelerates or increases the rotational driving force of the drive motor and distributes it to each kneading screw.
When a kneading screw is rotated by a drive motor and a material to be kneaded such as plastic is fed from a material charging hopper provided in the barrel, the material to be kneaded is melted and kneaded by the rotation of both kneading screws to the tip of the barrel. It is pumped toward and pushed out from the die portion provided at the tip of the barrel. Since the resin pressure at the die portion becomes high and each kneading screw receives a large thrust load, it is common to provide and support a thrust bearing corresponding to each kneading screw individually.

なお、多くの二軸混練押出機では、両混練スクリュの軸間距離は小さいため、それぞれのスラスト軸受を同位置に並べて配置することはできず、軸方向にズラして配置せざるを得なかった。しかも、これらスラスト軸受を設ける位置には変速部があって構造的に密となっており、スペース的なゆとりがない。そのため、一方のスラスト軸受だけは、多段型スラスト軸受（小型のスラスト軸受を軸方向に重ね合わせたもの）を設けることが多い。
しかし、それでもなおスペース的理由からバックアップ力として十分量となる段数のスラスト軸受を装備できなかったり、段数の増加に伴って軸方向に長大となり、変速部としての出力軸が長軸化するためにねじれ剛性が低下したりするといった問題があった。 In many twin-screw kneading extruders, the distance between the shafts of both kneading screws is small, so that the thrust bearings cannot be arranged in the same position, and must be displaced in the axial direction. It was. In addition, there is a speed change portion at a position where these thrust bearings are provided, the structure is dense, and there is no space. Therefore, only one thrust bearing is often provided with a multi-stage thrust bearing (small thrust bearings stacked in the axial direction).
However, this is because the thrust bearing with the sufficient number of stages as a backup force cannot be installed due to space reasons, or the shaft becomes longer in the axial direction as the number of stages increases, and the output shaft as the transmission section becomes longer. There is a problem that the torsional rigidity is lowered.

そこで、スラスト軸受を保持するケーシング部を変速部のケーシングと分割可能にすることで、十分な大きさのスラスト軸受を装着可能にすることが提案されている（特許文献１）。
一方、混練スクリュ先端のダイ内面に突出部を設けることで、混練スクリュに作用する圧力を低減させ、スラスト荷重を小さくする試みもなされていた（特許文献２）。
特開２０００−２４０７６９号公報 特開平１１−３２０５５０号公報 Therefore, it has been proposed that a sufficiently large thrust bearing can be mounted by making the casing portion holding the thrust bearing separable from the casing of the transmission unit (Patent Document 1).
On the other hand, attempts have been made to reduce the thrust load by reducing the pressure acting on the kneading screw by providing a protrusion on the inner surface of the die at the tip of the kneading screw (Patent Document 2).
JP 2000-240769 A JP 11-320550 A

しかしながら、スラスト軸受のケーシング部を分割させる提案（特許文献１）は、装置が受けるスラスト荷重があまり変位しない場合には有効であるが、多品種少量生産に用いられる混練押出機のように、混練される製品や運転条件によりスラスト荷重が大きく変位する場合には不向きであった。
また、混練スクリュの先端に突出部を設けて圧力の低減を図る提案（特許文献２）は、混練スクリュの先端で圧損を生じさせることになるため、ダイ部での昇圧不足が生じる不具合があった。 However, the proposal to divide the casing portion of the thrust bearing (Patent Document 1) is effective when the thrust load received by the apparatus is not significantly displaced, but it is kneaded like a kneading extruder used for multi-product low-volume production. This is unsuitable when the thrust load is greatly displaced depending on the product and operating conditions.
In addition, the proposal for reducing the pressure by providing a protrusion at the tip of the kneading screw (Patent Document 2) causes a pressure loss at the tip of the kneading screw, which causes a problem of insufficient pressure increase at the die portion. It was.

このようなことから、混練スクリュをスラスト方向において適正に保持させる好適な解決手段は未だ確立していないのが実情であった。そのため二軸混練押出機において、変速部まわりのコンパクト化や故障の防止、長寿命化などは重要な課題とされていた。
本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、両混練スクリュをスラスト方向において適正に保持できるようにし、もって変速部まわりのコンパクト化や故障の防止、長寿命化などを図るようにした二軸混練押出機を提供することを目的とする。 For this reason, the actual situation is that a suitable solution for properly holding the kneading screw in the thrust direction has not yet been established. Therefore, in the twin-screw kneading extruder, downsizing around the speed change unit, preventing failure, and extending the service life have been important issues.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, so that both kneading screws can be properly held in the thrust direction, so that the size of the transmission section can be reduced, failure can be prevented, and the service life can be extended. An object of the present invention is to provide a biaxial kneading extruder.

前記目的を達成するために、本発明は次の手段を講じた。
即ち、本発明に係る二軸混練押出機は、バレル内の混練室に挿通され且つ駆動モータで回転駆動される第１混練スクリュ及び第２混練スクリュとを備えたものであって、前記第１混練スクリュ又は第２混練スクリュに作用するスラスト荷重を検出する軸力検出部と、前記第１混練スクリュにスラスト力を付与可能な第１軸力付与部と、前記軸力検出部が検出したスラスト荷重に抗するスラスト力を前記第１軸力付与部に発生させる軸力制御部と、を有していることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has taken the following measures.
That is, the twin-screw kneading extruder according to the present invention includes a first kneading screw and a second kneading screw that are inserted into a kneading chamber in a barrel and rotated by a drive motor. Axial force detecting unit for detecting a thrust load acting on the kneading screw or the second kneading screw, a first axial force applying unit capable of applying a thrust force to the first kneading screw, and a thrust detected by the axial force detecting unit And an axial force control unit that generates a thrust force against the load in the first axial force applying unit.

なお、第１混練スクリュに作用する変速部向きの軸力と、第２混練スクリュに作用する変速部向きの軸力とは、原則として同等と見なすことができる（厳密には多少の差異を有する場合がある）ため、軸力検出部は、これらのうちいずれの軸力を検出するものであってもよいとする。
このような構成であると、第１軸力付与部により第１混練スクリュに対し適切なスラスト力を付与することができ、第１混練スクリュを支持する第１スラスト軸受部に対する負荷を低減できる。第１スラスト軸受部は、構造的に密であってスペース的なゆとりがない部分に設けられることが常であるため、そのコンパクト化にも寄与できる。 It should be noted that the axial force directed to the transmission unit acting on the first kneading screw and the axial force acting on the transmission unit acting on the second kneading screw can be regarded as equivalent in principle (strictly, there is a slight difference). Therefore, the axial force detection unit may detect any of these axial forces.
With such a configuration, an appropriate thrust force can be applied to the first kneading screw by the first axial force applying section, and the load on the first thrust bearing section that supports the first kneading screw can be reduced. Since the first thrust bearing portion is usually provided in a portion that is structurally dense and has no space, it can contribute to the compactness.

また、第１スラスト軸受部は十分量のバックアップ力を確保されコンパクト化が図れるため、軸方向スペースが徒に長大となることもない。むしろ、変速部が具備する出力軸として軸方向のコンパクト化（短軸化）が可能である。そのため、ねじれ剛性を高める利点に繋がり、変速部まわりでの故障の防止、長寿命化が図れる等の利点となる。
好ましくは、前記軸力検出部は、混練室の先端側へ圧送された被混練材料の内圧を検出可能な圧力センサを有したものとするとよい。
前記第２混練スクリュにスラスト力を付与可能な第２軸力付与部を備え、前記軸力制御部は、前記軸力検出部が検出したスラスト荷重に抗するスラスト力を前記第２軸力付与部に発生させるよう構成されてもよい。 Further, since the first thrust bearing portion can secure a sufficient amount of backup force and can be made compact, the axial space does not become excessively long. Rather, it is possible to make the shaft direction compact (short shaft) as the output shaft of the transmission unit. Therefore, this leads to the advantage of increasing the torsional rigidity, and is advantageous in that failure around the transmission unit can be prevented and the life can be extended.
Preferably, the axial force detection unit has a pressure sensor capable of detecting the internal pressure of the material to be kneaded fed to the tip side of the kneading chamber.
A second axial force applying unit capable of applying a thrust force to the second kneading screw; and the axial force control unit applies the second axial force against a thrust load detected by the axial force detecting unit. It may be configured to be generated in a part.

こうすることで、第２混練スクリュについてもスラスト力を付与でき、第２混練スクリュを支持する第２スラスト軸受部のコンパクト化（短軸化）が可能である。
すなわち、変速部全体として（両方の混練スクリュに関して）軸方向のコンパクト化（短軸化）が可能になるから、更に一層、ねじれ剛性を高める利点に繋がる。従って、変速部まわりでの故障の防止、長寿命化についても更に好適に作用する。 In this way, a thrust force can be applied also to the second kneading screw, and the second thrust bearing portion that supports the second kneading screw can be made compact (short shaft).
That is, since the entire speed change unit (with respect to both kneading screws) can be made compact in the axial direction (short shaft), it leads to the advantage of further increasing the torsional rigidity. Therefore, it is more preferable to prevent failure around the transmission unit and to extend the service life.

本発明に係る二軸混練押出機であれば、混練スクリュを軸心方向において適正に保持できるものであり、もって変速部まわりのコンパクト化や故障の防止、長寿命化などを図ることができる。   With the twin-screw kneading extruder according to the present invention, the kneading screw can be properly held in the axial direction, so that it is possible to reduce the size of the transmission section, prevent failure, extend the service life, and the like.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を、図面に基づき説明する。
図１は、本発明に係る二軸混練押出機の一実施形態を示している。
二軸混練押出機１は、混練部２及びそれ用の回転駆動力を発生する駆動モータ３と、これら混練部２と駆動モータ３との間を連結する状態に配置された変速部４とを有している。変速部４の内部及び外部に、第１混練スクリュ１２ａを支持する第１スラスト軸受部５、第２混練スクリュ１２ｂを支持する第２スラスト軸受部６が設けられている。
このうち第１スラスト軸受部５の上流側（駆動モータ３側）には、第１混練スクリュ１２ａにスラスト力を付与可能な軸力付与部７（第１軸力付与部）が設けられている。また、第１混練スクリュ１２ａ又は第２混練スクリュ１２ｂに作用するスラスト荷重を検出する軸力検出部８と、軸力検出部８が検出したスラスト荷重に抗するスラスト力を軸力付与部７に発生させる軸力制御部９とが設けられている。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a twin-screw kneading extruder according to the present invention.
The twin-screw kneading extruder 1 includes a kneading unit 2, a drive motor 3 that generates a rotational driving force for the kneading unit 2, and a transmission unit 4 that is arranged to connect the kneading unit 2 and the drive motor 3. Have. A first thrust bearing portion 5 that supports the first kneading screw 12a and a second thrust bearing portion 6 that supports the second kneading screw 12b are provided inside and outside the transmission portion 4.
Among these, on the upstream side (drive motor 3 side) of the first thrust bearing portion 5, an axial force applying portion 7 (first axial force applying portion) capable of applying a thrust force to the first kneading screw 12a is provided. . Further, the axial force detecting unit 8 that detects the thrust load acting on the first kneading screw 12a or the second kneading screw 12b and the thrust force that resists the thrust load detected by the axial force detecting unit 8 are applied to the axial force applying unit 7. An axial force control unit 9 is provided.

混練部２は、左右でめがね孔状にくり抜かれた状態で設けられた一対の混練室１０ａ，１０ｂを有したバレル１１に対し、各混練室１０ａ，１０ｂ内で第１混練スクリュ１２ａ及び第２混練スクリュ１２ｂがそれぞれ回転自在に挿通され構成されている。
バレル１１には、上流側寄りに材料投入ホッパ（図示せず）が設けられ、下流側（駆動モータ３とは反対側）となるバレル先端にダイ部１６が設けられている。
第１混練スクリュ１２ａ，第２混練スクリュ１２ｂは、それぞれ駆動モータ３の駆動モータ軸３ａから変速部４を介して回転駆動力が入力される入力軸部１７ａ，１７ｂと、この入力軸部１７ａ，１７ｂから下流側へ延びたスクリュ部１８ａ，１８ｂとを有している。 The kneading part 2 has a first kneading screw 12a and a second kneading screw 10a, 10b in the kneading chambers 10a, 10b with respect to the barrel 11 having a pair of kneading chambers 10a, 10b provided in the state of being hollowed out in the shape of eyeglass holes on the left and right. Each kneading screw 12b is rotatably inserted.
The barrel 11 is provided with a material charging hopper (not shown) near the upstream side, and a die portion 16 is provided at the tip of the barrel that is the downstream side (the side opposite to the drive motor 3).
The first kneading screw 12a and the second kneading screw 12b are respectively provided with input shaft portions 17a and 17b to which a rotational driving force is input from the drive motor shaft 3a of the drive motor 3 through the transmission unit 4, and the input shaft portions 17a, 17a, And screw portions 18a and 18b extending downstream from 17b.

スクリュ部１８ａ，１８ｂは、ロータセグメントやニーディングディスクセグメント等の混練セグメントと送りセグメントとが軸方向に適宜配置されたもので、混練スクリュ１２ａ，１２ｂの回転時には、半溶融又は溶融状態に加熱された被混練材料を混練室１０ａ，１０ｂ内で混練しつつ下流側へ向けて圧送できるようになっている。
変速部４は、駆動モータ３の駆動モータ軸３ａと連結される入力軸２０と、この入力軸２０へ入力された回転駆動力を減速又は増速しつつ、混練部２の各混練スクリュ１２ａ，１２ｂへ向けて２系統へ分配する複数段のギヤ部２１とを有したものである。 The screw portions 18a and 18b are formed by appropriately arranging a kneading segment such as a rotor segment or a kneading disc segment and a feed segment in the axial direction, and are heated to a semi-molten or molten state when the kneading screws 12a and 12b are rotated. The material to be kneaded can be pumped downstream while being kneaded in the kneading chambers 10a and 10b.
The transmission unit 4 includes an input shaft 20 connected to the drive motor shaft 3a of the drive motor 3, and each kneading screw 12a of the kneading unit 2 while decelerating or increasing the rotational driving force input to the input shaft 20. And a plurality of stages of gear portions 21 distributed to two systems toward 12b.

本実施形態で示した変速部４では、第１混練スクリュ１２ａの入力軸部１７ａへ駆動力を伝える部分でギヤ部２１が密配置となっており、スペース的にあまり余裕がない。また、第２混練スクリュ１２ｂの入力軸部１７ｂとの間で連動ギヤ２２が配置されているために、入力軸部１７ａの後端が閉塞されたスペースとなっている。
第１スラスト軸受部５は、第１混練スクリュ１２ａに生じる軸心向き（変速部４向き）のスラスト荷重を支持可能な状態に設けられたものである。
上述したように、変速部４は、第１混練スクリュ１２ａの入力軸部１７ａへ駆動力を伝える部分にスペース的余裕がなく、且つ、連動ギヤ２２で閉塞されたスペースとなっているため、この第１スラスト軸受部５は多段構造（小型のスラスト軸受を軸方向に複数重ね合わせた構造）とされて、変速部４の内部に配置されるようになっている。 In the transmission unit 4 shown in the present embodiment, the gear portion 21 is closely arranged at a portion that transmits the driving force to the input shaft portion 17a of the first kneading screw 12a, so that there is not much room in space. Further, since the interlocking gear 22 is disposed between the input shaft portion 17b of the second kneading screw 12b, the rear end of the input shaft portion 17a is a closed space.
The first thrust bearing portion 5 is provided in a state capable of supporting a thrust load in the axial direction (toward the transmission portion 4) generated in the first kneading screw 12a.
As described above, the transmission unit 4 has no space in the portion where the driving force is transmitted to the input shaft portion 17a of the first kneading screw 12a and is a space closed by the interlocking gear 22. The first thrust bearing portion 5 has a multi-stage structure (a structure in which a plurality of small thrust bearings are overlapped in the axial direction) and is arranged inside the transmission portion 4.

第２スラスト軸受部６は、第２混練スクリュ１２ｂに生じる軸心向き（変速部４向き）のスラスト荷重を支持可能な状態に設けられたものである。
変速部４において、第２混練スクリュ１２ｂの入力軸部１７ｂへ駆動力を伝える部分は、変速部４を通り抜けた後端側を開放させているため、この第２スラスト軸受部６としては、十分な大きさのものが変速部４を通り抜けた位置に配置されている。
軸力付与部７は、第１混練スクリュ１２ａの入力軸部１７ａを下流側に押すことで第１混練スクリュ１２ａに軸方向のスラスト力を付与可能となったもので、変速部４内において第１スラスト軸受部５の背後に設けられている。 The second thrust bearing portion 6 is provided in a state capable of supporting a thrust load in the axial direction (toward the transmission portion 4) generated in the second kneading screw 12b.
In the transmission unit 4, the portion that transmits the driving force to the input shaft portion 17 b of the second kneading screw 12 b opens the rear end side that passes through the transmission unit 4, so that the second thrust bearing unit 6 is sufficient. A thing of a large size is arranged at a position passing through the transmission unit 4.
The axial force applying unit 7 can apply an axial thrust force to the first kneading screw 12a by pushing the input shaft portion 17a of the first kneading screw 12a to the downstream side. 1 thrust bearing portion 5 is provided behind.

本実施形態において軸力付与部７は油圧のアクチュエータ（油圧シリンダ）としてあり、第１混練スクリュ１２ａの軸方向に沿ってピストン部が出入り動作するように設置されている。軸力付与部７は油圧ポンプなどの油圧発生源２５と圧力調整部２６とを有したものとなっている。
軸力検出部８は、混練部１０ａ，１０ｂ内に取り付けられた圧力センサである。この圧力センサは被混練材料の内圧を計測するものである。この軸力検出部８で検出された圧力は軸力制御部９へ入力される。 In the present embodiment, the axial force applying portion 7 is a hydraulic actuator (hydraulic cylinder), and is installed so that the piston portion moves in and out along the axial direction of the first kneading screw 12a. The axial force applying unit 7 includes a hydraulic pressure generating source 25 such as a hydraulic pump and a pressure adjusting unit 26.
The axial force detection unit 8 is a pressure sensor attached in the kneading units 10a and 10b. This pressure sensor measures the internal pressure of the material to be kneaded. The pressure detected by the axial force detector 8 is input to the axial force controller 9.

軸力制御部９では、例えば、計測された圧力に第１混練スクリュ１２ａの受圧面積や断面積を乗じることで、第１混練スクリュ１２ａに加わるスラスト荷重を求めることができる。さらに、軸力制御部９は、求められた第１混練スクリュ１２ａのスラスト荷重を基にして、そのスラスト荷重に抗するスラスト力を第１混練スクリュ１２ａに付与させる。さらには、第１混練スクリュ１２ａ又は第２混練スクリュ１２ｂに作用するスラスト荷重が無いとき（装置の停止中など）と発生しているとき（装置の稼働中）とを判断して軸力付与部７のオンオフを切り替えたり、スラスト荷重が発生しているとき、その大きさに釣り合うように軸力付与部７の発生圧を制御したりする。   In the axial force control unit 9, for example, the thrust load applied to the first kneading screw 12a can be obtained by multiplying the measured pressure by the pressure receiving area or cross-sectional area of the first kneading screw 12a. Furthermore, the axial force control unit 9 applies a thrust force against the thrust load to the first kneading screw 12a based on the obtained thrust load of the first kneading screw 12a. Furthermore, the axial force applying unit is determined when there is no thrust load acting on the first kneading screw 12a or the second kneading screw 12b (when the apparatus is stopped) and when it is generated (when the apparatus is operating). 7 is switched on and off, or when a thrust load is generated, the generated pressure of the axial force applying portion 7 is controlled so as to balance the magnitude.

次に、上記構成の二軸混練押出機１の動作状況を説明する。
駆動モータ３により、変速部４を介して混練部２の両混練スクリュ１２ａ，１２ｂを回転駆動させ、材料投入ホッパから被混練材料を投入すると、被混練材料は混練スクリュ１２ａ，１２ｂの回転を受けて混練室１０ａ，１０ｂ内で溶融、混練、昇圧作用を受けながら下流側へ向けて圧送され、ダイ部１６から押し出されるようになる。
ダイ部１６へ被混練材料が圧送され、この被混練材料に圧力が加わっていることが軸力検出部８で検出され、この検出値が軸力制御部９に入力されると、軸力制御部９は検出値（材料圧）を第１混練スクリュ１２ａの受圧面積に乗じ、第１混練スクリュ１２ａ又は第２混練スクリュ１２ｂのスラスト荷重を求める。 Next, the operation state of the twin-screw kneading extruder 1 having the above configuration will be described.
When the kneading screws 12a and 12b of the kneading unit 2 are rotationally driven by the drive motor 3 via the transmission unit 4 and the material to be kneaded is fed from the material charging hopper, the material to be kneaded receives the rotation of the kneading screws 12a and 12b. Then, while being melted, kneaded, and pressurized in the kneading chambers 10 a and 10 b, it is pumped toward the downstream side and pushed out from the die part 16.
When the material to be kneaded is pumped to the die unit 16 and the pressure applied to the material to be kneaded is detected by the axial force detection unit 8 and this detected value is input to the axial force control unit 9, the axial force control is performed. The unit 9 multiplies the detected value (material pressure) by the pressure receiving area of the first kneading screw 12a to obtain the thrust load of the first kneading screw 12a or the second kneading screw 12b.

このようにして求めたスラスト荷重の全て又は何割かを相殺すべく、油圧発生源２５から圧力調整部２６を経て調整された油圧が軸力付与部７へ供給され、第１混練スクリュ１２ａを下流側へ押すようにする。
かくして、変速部４の内部（即ち、構造的に密であってスペース的なゆとりがない部分）に設けられた第１スラスト軸受部５に対し、軸力付与部７により最適な背圧が負荷され、バックアップされた状態となる。
それ以降、軸力制御部９は時々刻々と変化するスラスト荷重に応じて圧力調整部２６の設定圧力を随時調整し、常に第１スラスト軸受部５に作用するスラスト荷重が許容内に入るように調整する。これにより、第１スラスト軸受部５が分担するスラスト荷重を低減することができるので、結果として、第１スラスト軸受部５を小型化することができる。 In order to cancel out all or some percent of the thrust load thus determined, the hydraulic pressure adjusted from the hydraulic pressure generating source 25 via the pressure adjusting unit 26 is supplied to the axial force applying unit 7, and the first kneading screw 12a is moved downstream. Push to the side.
Thus, an optimum back pressure is applied to the first thrust bearing portion 5 provided inside the transmission portion 4 (that is, a portion that is structurally dense and has no space) by the axial force applying portion 7. Will be backed up.
Thereafter, the axial force control unit 9 adjusts the set pressure of the pressure adjusting unit 26 according to the thrust load that changes every moment, so that the thrust load acting on the first thrust bearing unit 5 always falls within the allowable range. adjust. Thereby, since the thrust load which the 1st thrust bearing part 5 shares can be reduced, the 1st thrust bearing part 5 can be reduced in size as a result.

また、第１スラスト軸受部５には常に適正な軸力が作用することになるので、故障防止や長寿命化にも繋がる。
本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、発明の本質を変更しない範囲で各部材の形状、構造、材質、組み合わせなどを適宜変更することができる。
例えば、図４に示すように、第２スラスト軸受部６を押圧することで第２混練スクリュ１２ｂに軸方向のスラスト荷重を負担可能な第２軸力付与部３０を設けることができる。第２軸力付与部３０も油圧のアクチュエータ（油圧シリンダ）とすればよく、これに伴って第２油圧発生源３１と第２圧力調整部３２とを有したものとすればよい。 In addition, since an appropriate axial force always acts on the first thrust bearing portion 5, it leads to failure prevention and longer life.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the shape, structure, material, combination, and the like of each member can be appropriately changed without departing from the essence of the invention.
For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the 2nd axial force provision part 30 which can bear the axial thrust load to the 2nd kneading screw 12b by pressing the 2nd thrust bearing part 6 can be provided. The second axial force applying unit 30 may be a hydraulic actuator (hydraulic cylinder), and accordingly, the second axial force applying unit 30 may include a second hydraulic pressure generating source 31 and a second pressure adjusting unit 32.

この場合、軸力制御部９は、軸力検出部８の検出値に基づいて第２軸力付与部３０をも駆動制御させるようにする。すると、第２混練スクリュについても、変速部４が具備する出力軸として軸方向のコンパクト化（短軸化）が可能である。
すなわち、変速部４の全体として軸方向のコンパクト化（短軸化）が可能になるから、更に一層、ねじれ剛性を高める利点に繋がる。従って、変速部４まわりでの故障の防止、長寿命化についても更に好適に作用する。
バレル１１の途中に樹脂流量調整用の絞り機構などが設けられている場合は、この部分にも圧力センサを取り付けて、ダイ部圧力と共にスラスト荷重を求めるようにすればよい。 In this case, the axial force control unit 9 controls the drive of the second axial force applying unit 30 based on the detection value of the axial force detection unit 8. As a result, the second kneading screw can also be reduced in the axial direction (short shaft) as the output shaft of the transmission unit 4.
That is, the transmission unit 4 as a whole can be made compact in the axial direction (short shaft), which leads to an advantage of further increasing the torsional rigidity. Therefore, the prevention of failure around the transmission unit 4 and the extension of the life are further favorably performed.
In the case where a throttle mechanism for adjusting the resin flow rate is provided in the middle of the barrel 11, a pressure sensor may be attached to this part to obtain the thrust load together with the die part pressure.

なお、実際の二軸混練押出機では、バレル１１内面のせん断力によるスラスト荷重や、変速部４内のはすば歯車４０に生じるスラスト荷重等も存在するため、各運転条件に応じた補正を施すとよい。はすば歯車４０に生じるスラスト荷重は、駆動モータ３の駆動力を検出することで求めることができる。例えば、駆動モータ３の駆動力より算出したはすば歯車４０に作用するトルクをＴ、はすば歯車４０の基準円直径をＤ、はすばの捩れ角をβとすると、はすば歯車に生じるスラスト力Ｆｘは、Ｆｘ＝（２Ｔ／Ｄ）・ｔａｎβで求まる。   In an actual twin-screw kneading extruder, there is a thrust load due to the shearing force on the inner surface of the barrel 11 and a thrust load generated in the helical gear 40 in the transmission unit 4, so that correction according to each operating condition is performed. It is good to apply. The thrust load generated in the helical gear 40 can be obtained by detecting the driving force of the driving motor 3. For example, if the torque acting on the helical gear 40 calculated from the driving force of the driving motor 3 is T, the reference circular diameter of the helical gear 40 is D, and the helical twist angle is β, the helical gear The thrust force Fx generated in is obtained by Fx = (2T / D) · tan β.

変速部４の出力軸などに歪みゲージを取り付け、この歪みゲージで得られる検出信号をテレメータやスリップリングなどで取り出すようにすることで、第１混練スクリュ１２ａや第２混練スクリュ１２ｂの軸カを直接的に検出することも可能である。このような構成を、軸力検出部８として採用することが可能である。
また図５に示すように、第１混練スクリュ１２ａ又は第２混練スクリュ１２ｂに対し、それらの軸移動で容量が拡縮変化するような油圧室４２を設け、この油圧室４２内の圧力を測定することによって第１混練スクリュ１２ａや第２混練スクリュ１２ｂのスラスト荷重を直接的に検出することもできる。このような構成を、軸力検出部８として採用することが可能である。 By attaching a strain gauge to the output shaft of the transmission unit 4 and taking out a detection signal obtained by this strain gauge with a telemeter or slip ring, the shaft force of the first kneading screw 12a and the second kneading screw 12b can be adjusted. It is also possible to detect directly. Such a configuration can be employed as the axial force detector 8.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a hydraulic chamber 42 is provided for the first kneading screw 12a or the second kneading screw 12b so that the capacity thereof is expanded and contracted by the axial movement thereof, and the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 42 is measured. Thus, the thrust load of the first kneading screw 12a and the second kneading screw 12b can be directly detected. Such a configuration can be employed as the axial force detector 8.

本発明に係る二軸混練押出機の一実施形態を模式的に示した平面断面図である。1 is a plan sectional view schematically showing one embodiment of a twin-screw kneading extruder according to the present invention. 本発明に係る二軸混練押出機の別実施形態を模式的に示した平面断面図である。It is the plane sectional view showing typically another embodiment of the twin screw kneading extruder concerning the present invention. 軸力検出部の別実施形態を具備した二軸混練押出機の平面断面図である。It is a plane sectional view of a biaxial kneading extruder provided with another embodiment of an axial force detection part.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 二軸混練押出機
２ 混練部
３ 駆動モータ
４ 変速部
５ 第１スラスト軸受部
６ 第２スラスト軸受部
７ 軸力付与部（第１軸力付与部）
８ 軸力検出部
９ 軸力制御部
１０ａ，１０ｂ 混練室
１１ バレル
１２ａ，１２ｂ 混練スクリュ
３０ 第２軸力付与部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Biaxial kneading extruder 2 Kneading part 3 Drive motor 4 Transmission part 5 1st thrust bearing part 6 2nd thrust bearing part 7 Axial force provision part (1st axial force provision part)
8 Axial force detection unit 9 Axial force control unit 10a, 10b Kneading chamber 11 Barrel 12a, 12b Kneading screw 30 Second axial force applying unit

Claims (3)

バレル内の混練室に挿通され且つ駆動モータで回転駆動される第１混練スクリュ及び第２混練スクリュとを備えた二軸混練押出機において、
前記第１混練スクリュ又は第２混練スクリュに作用するスラスト荷重を検出する軸力検出部と、
前記第１混練スクリュにスラスト力を付与可能な第１軸力付与部と、
前記軸力検出部が検出したスラスト荷重に抗するスラスト力を前記第１軸力付与部に発生させる軸力制御部と、
を有していることを特徴とする二軸混練押出機。 In a twin-screw kneading extruder provided with a first kneading screw and a second kneading screw that are inserted into a kneading chamber in a barrel and rotated by a drive motor,
An axial force detector for detecting a thrust load acting on the first kneading screw or the second kneading screw;
A first axial force applying unit capable of applying a thrust force to the first kneading screw;
An axial force control unit that causes the first axial force applying unit to generate a thrust force that resists the thrust load detected by the axial force detection unit;
A twin-screw kneading extruder characterized by comprising: 前記軸力検出部は、混練室の先端側へ圧送された被混練材料の内圧を検出可能な圧力センサを有していることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の二軸混練押出機。   2. The twin-screw kneading extruder according to claim 1, wherein the axial force detection unit has a pressure sensor capable of detecting an internal pressure of a material to be kneaded fed to the tip side of the kneading chamber. 前記第２混練スクリュにスラスト力を付与可能な第２軸力付与部を備え、
前記軸力制御部は、前記軸力検出部が検出したスラスト荷重に抗するスラスト力を前記第２軸力付与部に発生させるよう構成されていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の二軸混練押出機。 A second axial force applying portion capable of applying a thrust force to the second kneading screw;
The said axial force control part is comprised so that the thrust force which resists the thrust load which the said axial force detection part detected may be generated in the said 2nd axial force provision part, The Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. Biaxial kneading extruder.
JP2008068015A 2008-03-17 2008-03-17 Twin-screw kneading extruder Expired - Fee Related JP4310366B1 (en)

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JP2008068015A JP4310366B1 (en) 2008-03-17 2008-03-17 Twin-screw kneading extruder
PCT/JP2009/055055 WO2009116494A1 (en) 2008-03-17 2009-03-16 Two-axis kneading and extruding machine

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JP2008068015A JP4310366B1 (en) 2008-03-17 2008-03-17 Twin-screw kneading extruder

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JP4310366B1 true JP4310366B1 (en) 2009-08-05
JP2009220433A JP2009220433A (en) 2009-10-01

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JP6029576B2 (en) * 2013-12-20 2016-11-24 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Thrust load measuring device applied to the rotor of a closed kneader
CN106696225A (en) * 2015-07-15 2017-05-24 安徽泽加业粉体工程有限公司 Novel viscous blocky material extruder
IL263806B (en) 2016-06-21 2022-09-01 Braven Env Llc Char separator and method
BR112019000051B1 (en) 2016-07-05 2020-12-01 Golden Renewable Energy, LLC apparatus for processing reusable fuel
JP2019529763A (en) * 2017-04-05 2019-10-17 ゴールデン リニューアブル エナジー、エルエルシー Press and feeder assembly for bags

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