JP4310273B2 - 心筋壁応力を検出及び処置するシステム - Google Patents
心筋壁応力を検出及び処置するシステム Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/362—Heart stimulators
- A61N1/365—Heart stimulators controlled by a physiological parameter, e.g. heart potential
- A61N1/36585—Heart stimulators controlled by a physiological parameter, e.g. heart potential controlled by two or more physical parameters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/362—Heart stimulators
- A61N1/3627—Heart stimulators for treating a mechanical deficiency of the heart, e.g. congestive heart failure or cardiomyopathy
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Description
ペースメーカなどの心臓調律管理デバイスは、通常、患者の胸の上において皮下に埋め込まれ、感知とぺーシングに使用される電極にデバイスを接続するために、心臓の中に静脈で差し込まれたリードを有する。プログラム可能電子制御装置により、経過時間間隔及び感知電気活性(すなわち、ペーシング・パルスの結果としてではない固有心拍)に応答して、ペーシング・パルスが出力される。ペースメーカは、感知される室の付近に配置された内部電極によって、固有心臓の電気的活性を感知する。ペースメーカによって検出される心房又は心室の固有収縮に関連付けられる脱分極波は、それぞれ、心房感知又は心室感知と呼ばれる。固有拍動のない状態でそのような収縮を生じるために、あるペーシング閾値より大きいエネルギーを有するペーシング・パルス(心房ペース又は心室ペース)が、室に送られる。
局所心筋壁応力を評価するために、本明細書では活性化−回復間隔とも呼ばれる収縮中の活動電位持続時間を、感知電極が配置される部位において、図1に示されるようなデバイスによって測定することができる。双極電極は、心筋のより小さい体積を「見る」ので、電極部位において活性化−回復間隔を測定するために、単極電極ではなく、双極感知電極を使用することが望ましい。一実装態様では、制御装置は、感知チャネルによって生成される電位図における検出脱分極と検出再分極との間の時間として、活性化−回復間隔を測定するようにプログラムされる。感知チャネルは、脱分極(すなわち、従来の心房感知又は心室感知)及び再分極の両方を検出するように設計することができる。図2は、これが心室感知チャネルにおいていかに実施されるかを示す。チャネルが心室感知を待機しているとき、電位図信号は、R波帯域通過フィルタ(26a又は26b)を通過し、通過帯域特性は、心室脱分極の周波数内容と整合するように選択される。次いで、心室脱分極感知回路(28a又は28b)は、心室感知が行われるときを検出するために、ろ過済み電位図信号を閾値と比較する。心室感知が行われた後、チャネルは、指定時間フレーム中、心室再分極を待機する(たとえば、心室脱分極後の50と500ミリ秒との間)。この時間中、電位図信号は、T波帯域通過フィルタ(27a又は27b)を通過する。このフィルタは、心室脱分極の周波数内容より一般に低い心室再分極の周波数内容に一致する通過帯域特性を有する。次いで、心室再分極感知回路(29a又は29b)は、再分極が行われるときを決定するために、ろ過済み電位図信号を閾値と比較する。チャネルは、再分極が感知されない場合、この時間中脱分極の監視を続行することが可能である。心房脱分極及び再分極帯域通過フィルタならびに感知回路に関する同様の方式が、心房再分極を検出するために実施されてもよい。
応力をかけられたと識別された1つ又は複数の心筋ペーシング部位は、1つ又は複数の応力部位が、心筋の他の領域に関して前興奮されるような方式で1つ又は複数のペーシング・パルスを送ることによって、収縮期中に機械的に負荷を取り除くことが可能である。そのようなペーシングにより、応力部位は、収縮期中に前負荷及び後負荷の減少を受け、したがって、壁応力が低減される。時間期間にわたってこのようにして心筋領域の負荷を取り除くことによって、所望されない心筋リモデリングの逆転が実施されることも可能である。さらなる拡張を阻止する、及び/又はヒーリングを促進するために、虚血又は他の原因によって弱められた心筋の応力領域に、前興奮を適用することも可能である。
Claims (11)
- 複数の心筋部位において心臓の電気的活性を感知するための感知チャネルと、
ペーシング・パルスを1つ又は複数の心筋部位に送るためのペーシング・チャネルと、
プログラムされたペーシング・モードに従ってペーシング・パルスの送りを制御する制御装置と、
心筋壁応力を表す複数の心筋部位における活性化−回復間隔を測定する回路と、
測定された活性化−回復間隔に基づいて、1つ又は複数の応力をかけられた心筋部位を識別するための回路と
を備え、前記活性化−回復間隔が特定の閾値より低い場合に応力をかけられた心筋部位が識別されることを特徴とする心臓調律管理デバイス。 - 識別された応力部位が収縮期中に他の心筋領域より前に興奮されるように、選択パルス出力シーケンスにおいてペーシング・パルスを送るための回路をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 識別された応力部位が、収縮期中に他の心筋領域より前に興奮されるように、どのペーシング・チャネルが心臓サイクル中に使用されるかを確定するパルス出力構成を切り替えるための回路をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 感知チャネルによって生成される電位図における検出された脱分極と検出された再分極との間の時間として、活性化−回復間隔を測定するための回路をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 測定心拍度数が指定範囲内にあるとき、固有拍動中に応力部位を識別するために、活性化−回復間隔を測定するための回路をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 指定度数においてペーシング・パルスを送る間、ペースの定められた拍動中に応力部位を識別するために、活性化−回復間隔を測定するための回路をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 測定された心拍度数に従って測定された活性化−回復間隔に基づいて、応力部位を識別するための基準を調節するための回路をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 複数の心筋部位において測定された活性化−回復間隔に基づいて、平均心筋壁応力パラメータを計算するための回路をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 特定の心筋部位を前興奮させ、かつ前記平均心筋壁応力を低減するように選択されたパルス出力構成及びパルス出力シーケンスにおいて、ペーシング・パルスを送るための回路をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項8に記載のデバイス。
- 活性化−回復間隔を測定し、かつ周期的な時間間隔において応力部位を識別するための回路をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記感知チャネル及び前記ペーシング・チャネルが、心室部位をペーシング及び感知するように構成され、プログラムされたペーシング・モードに従って1つ又は複数の心室部位にペーシング・パルスを送るための回路と、
識別された応力心筋部位を前興奮させるために、前記ペーシング・モードを確定するパルス出力構成及びパルス出力シーケンスを切り替えるための回路とを備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデバイス。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/244,089 US6965797B2 (en) | 2002-09-13 | 2002-09-13 | Method and apparatus for assessing and treating myocardial wall stress |
PCT/US2003/028853 WO2004024229A1 (en) | 2002-09-13 | 2003-09-12 | System for detection and treatment of myocardial wall stress |
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JP2005538776A JP2005538776A (ja) | 2005-12-22 |
JP4310273B2 true JP4310273B2 (ja) | 2009-08-05 |
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JP2004536293A Expired - Fee Related JP4310273B2 (ja) | 2002-09-13 | 2003-09-12 | 心筋壁応力を検出及び処置するシステム |
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US (1) | US6965797B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1536859B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4310273B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE505230T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003267188A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60336731D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004024229A1 (ja) |
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-
2002
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2003
- 2003-09-12 EP EP03749659A patent/EP1536859B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2003-09-12 AU AU2003267188A patent/AU2003267188A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20040054381A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
EP1536859B1 (en) | 2011-04-13 |
ATE505230T1 (de) | 2011-04-15 |
JP2005538776A (ja) | 2005-12-22 |
AU2003267188A1 (en) | 2004-04-30 |
EP1536859A1 (en) | 2005-06-08 |
US6965797B2 (en) | 2005-11-15 |
WO2004024229A1 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
DE60336731D1 (de) | 2011-05-26 |
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