JP4308420B2 - Temperature-responsive drive mechanism - Google Patents

Temperature-responsive drive mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4308420B2
JP4308420B2 JP2000357478A JP2000357478A JP4308420B2 JP 4308420 B2 JP4308420 B2 JP 4308420B2 JP 2000357478 A JP2000357478 A JP 2000357478A JP 2000357478 A JP2000357478 A JP 2000357478A JP 4308420 B2 JP4308420 B2 JP 4308420B2
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temperature
display means
freezing
switching
switching display
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JP2002163764A (en
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修 奥村
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修 奥村
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01FADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E01F9/40Arrangements responsive to adverse atmospheric conditions, e.g. to signal icy roads or to automatically illuminate in fog; Arrangements characterised by heating or drying means

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Displays For Variable Information Using Movable Means (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、冬期に発生する道路表面の凍結を通行人、ドライバー或いは道路管理者等に路面の凍結を警告する凍結表示用標識装置に用いられる温度応動駆動機構に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術と発明が解決しようとする課題】
一般に、この種の凍結表示用標識装置としては、実開昭52−142392号公報、実開昭58−10913号公報、実開昭62−12612号公報、特公昭54−19760号公報等のように多数の提案がなされている。
【0003】
本出願人は、先に例えば特許第2889545号公報等により、これらの従来例の問題点を克服する凍結表示用標識装置を提案している。この凍結表示用標識装置は、『凍結注意』と『走行注意』とを回動変位させて切り換え表示自在とする切り換え表示手段を備えていて、更に、切り換え表示手段に切り換え駆動力を付与する形状記憶合金を用いた温度応動駆動手段により当該切り換え表示手段を略凍結温度を基準として回動変位させて、略凍結温度になると、切り換え表示手段に設けられたハウジング内の表示を替えることができるようにされている。また、外部電源に頼ることなく、冬期に発生する道路表面の凍結をドライバー或いは道路管理者等に報知できるようにされている。更に、温度応動駆動手段の変位量、駆動エネルギーを大きくすることなく、二次元的大型化に対応できる凍結表示用標識装置とされている。
【0004】
本発明は、このような凍結表示用標識装置における切り換え表示手段の切り換え速度を早くして、凍結温度に対応した所定温度における表示の切り替えを迅速かつ自動的に行うことができ、冬期に発生する道路表面の凍結をドライバー或いは道路管理者等に迅速に報知して、道路交通の安全性を確保できる温度応動駆動機構を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成するために、請求項1に記載の本発明の温度応動駆動機構は、凍結表示用標識装置に設置されている切り換え表示自在な切り換え表示手段に対して切り換え駆動力を付与する温度応動駆動機構であって、前記切り換え表示手段に切り換え駆動力を付与する形状記憶合金であり、所定温度を中心に温度によって前記切り換え駆動力の方向を逆に切り換える形状記憶合金と、この形状記憶合金の切り換え動作時における方向が逆に切り換わる前記切り換え駆動力をそれぞれの方向に補助する補助力を付与する駆動力補助手段とを有し、前記駆動力補助手段は、切り換え表示手段における移動部分と、凍結表示用標識装置の固定部分との間に、磁力を作用させる永久磁石と強磁性体とを配置して形成されていることを特徴とする。
【0006】
本発明によれば、駆動力補助手段が外気温度が所定温度の切り換え動作時になると、切り換え表示手段に切り換え駆動力を付与する形状記憶合金であって、所定温度を中心に温度によって前記切り換え駆動力の方向を逆に切り換える形状記憶合金に対して、方向が逆に切り換わる切り換え駆動力をそれぞれの方向に補助する補助力を付与するので、切り換え表示手段の凍結温度に対応した所定温度における表示の切り替えを迅速かつ自動的に行わせることができる。これにより、冬期に発生する道路表面の凍結をドライバー或いは道路管理者等に迅速に報知して、道路交通の安全性を確保することができる。また、本発明によれば、形状記憶合金により切り換え表示手段の切り換え動作が開始されると、永久磁石と強磁性体との間に磁力が作用して形状記憶合金による切り換え駆動力を補助する補助力を付与し、切り換え表示手段の表示の切り替えを迅速かつ自動的に行わせることができる。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図1から図15について説明する。なお、図中、同一符号及び記号は各実施の形態の構成部分と同一または相当する構成部分を示すものであり、特に、複数同一構成の部品を使用していることを示す末尾のA,B,C,Dの記号と、そのA,B,C,Dの記号を付していないものは、基本的に共通する構成部分である。
【0010】
最初に本発明の温度応動駆動機構を取り付けている凍結表示用標識装置を説明する。
【0011】
図1から図4において、白色の支柱2には、例えば、白色または黄色の再帰反射面によって路側帯の存在を明示する路側帯標識機能及び凍結標識機能を持つ凍結表示用標識装置1が、公知の取付手段3によって取付けられている。本実施の形態の取付手段3は、アルミニウムの鋳型として形成したハウジング4に取付けた溝付のレール部材5に市販のボルトの頭部を挿入し、回動を拘束し、サドル6の両端を前記挿入されたボルトに対して嵌め込み、ナット7で螺合し、レール部材5とサドル6間で支柱2を挾持している。勿論、本発明を実施する場合の取付手段3は、支柱2に直接ボルト・ナットによって一体に取付けることもできる。ハウジング4は不透明な合成樹脂材料或いは金属板、鋳型等で箱状に形成したものであり、因に、本実施の形態ではアルミニウムの鋳型として形成したものである。その前面には透光部材として透明アクリル板または透明ガラス板からなる透明板4aが配設されている。透明板4aは前面に配設されるが、少なくとも路側帯標識及び凍結標識として機能する窓を形成したもの、或いはハウジング4の前半分を透明部材で形成したものであればよい。勿論、ハウジング4の全体を透明部材で形成したものでもよい。
【0012】
また、図1及び図2、図5、図6に示すように、本実施の形態のハウジング4は、透明板4a及び後述するケース体8の裏側に取付けられる裏蓋9から構成されている。ハウジング4の内部に配設された切り換え表示手段10A,10B,10C,10D(以下、共通する『切り換え表示手段』については、単に、『10』と記す)に設けられた路側帯標識面11A,11B,11C,11D(以下、共通する『路側帯標識面』については、単に、『11』と記す)及び凍結標識面12A,12B,12C,12D(以下、共通する『凍結標識面』については、単に、『12』と記す)は、図4に示すように、前記透明板4aから視認できる面となる。本実施例においては、切り換え表示手段10は鉛直軸回りに回動することにより表示を切り替え自在に形成されている。当然ながら、ケース体8と透明板4a、ケース体8と裏蓋9は必要なシール性を確保するように図示しないシール剤またはシール材、接着剤が充填または介在される。なお、図5に示す4bはハウジング4に裏蓋9を固着する捩子穴であり、9a及び9bは裏蓋9に示す捩子孔の位置を相対的に示すものである。
【0013】
図3及び図4は本発明の一実施の形態である凍結表示用標識装置の一使用状態を示すもので、上部に位置する凍結表示用標識装置1(1U)の温度上昇により第1の設定温度を超えたとき『走』と、温度下降により第1の設定温度より低い温度の第2の設定温度を低下したとき『凍』を表示し、下部に位置する凍結表示用標識装置1(1D)は温度上昇により第1の設定温度を超えたとき『行』と、温度下降により第1の設定温度より低い温度の第2の設定温度を低下したとき『結』を表示する。また、凍結表示用標識装置1(1D)の下部に位置する表示板100は、『注意』の文字を示したもので、図4の使用状態の一形態を示す正面図の(a)のように、温度下降により第1の設定温度より低い温度の第2の設定温度を低下したとき、赤色下地で黒色文字の『凍結注意』を表示し、(b)のように、所定の温度以上になっているとき、黄色下地で黒色または青色の文字の『走行注意』を表示する。勿論、同一の黄色下地等の色彩に対して黒色の文字で『走行注意』、『凍結注意』を表示してもよい。
【0014】
なお、本発明を実施する場合には、凍結表示用標識装置1は文字を有しないで路側帯標識及び凍結標識を黄色及び赤色、白色及び赤色、青色及び赤色等の色表示とすることもできる。また、図4の実施の形態では、凍結表示用標識装置1(1U)と凍結表示用標識装置1(1D)に別れているが、本発明を実施する場合には、1個の凍結表示用標識装置1を縦長または横長とし、同一ハウジング4内に1文字または2文字以上の複数の文字、例えば、『走行』または『凍結』、『走行注意』または『凍結注意』を表現することもできる。特に、路側帯標識及び凍結標識を形成した面に文字を入れる場合には、再起反射面を、例えば、白色、黄色、赤色、青色のうちの一色とし、他の色、例えば、補色対比になる色によって文字のみで路側帯標識機能及び凍結標識機能を表象することができる。
【0015】
なお、この発明の実施の形態を通して凍結表示用標識装置1とは、文字を有しない凍結表示、文字を付してある凍結標識、キャラクタを付してある凍結標識の何れも、格別、概念を異にするものではないから、概念が共通することを前提に説明する。
【0016】
図7において、ハウジング4の上部に配設される上側取付部材60は、捩子60aによって螺合される複数の捩子孔60bにより、裏蓋9の捩子孔9a部分に固着される。また、ハウジング4の下部に配設される下側取付部材20は、捩子20aによって螺合される複数の捩子孔20bにより、裏蓋9の捩子孔9b部分に固着される。
【0017】
上側取付部材60と下側取付部材20との間には、本実施の形態では4本としている切り換え表示手段10A,10B,10C,10Dが回転自在に支持される。
【0018】
次に、上側取付部材60と下側取付部材20と切り換え表示手段10との構造について、図8及び図9(図の下方がハウジング4の前側、図11及び図13において同じ)を用いて説明する。
【0019】
切り換え表示手段10は、その上側に形成された上端部材13及び下側に形成された下端部材14を有しており、上端部材13の上端軸13a及び下端部材14の下端軸14aを中心に鉛直軸回りに回動自在となっている。本実施の形態における切り換え表示手段10は、上端部材13と下端部材14の間に、V字状に折曲したV字状板材15が接合され、そのV字状板材15の外面、即ち、外表面には、再帰反射材を混入した合成樹脂シートが接着され、その一方の面は路側帯標識面11A,11B,11C,11Dとし、他方の面は路面の凍結状態を表示する凍結標識面12A,12B,12C,12Dとしている。
【0020】
ハウジング4の内部に配設された切り換え表示手段10A,10B,10C,10Dは、温度上昇により外気温度が第1の設定温度より高い温度まで超えたとき、図9(b)から全体が右りに略120度回動し、図9(a)のように、その路側帯標識面11A,11B,11C,11Dがハウジング4の前側の透明板4a側となる。また、温度下降により外気温度が第1の設定温度より低い温度の第2の設定温度より低い温度まで低下したとき、図9(a)から全体が左りに略120度回動し、図9(b)のように、凍結標識面12A,12B,12C,12Dがハウジング4の透明板4a側となる。即ち、図9(a)のように、切り換え表示手段10A,10B,10C,10Dの路側帯標識面11A,11B,11C,11Dが面一となったとき、路側帯標識面11A,11B,11C,11Dの全面が入射光の方向に反射光が反射することになり、それによって路面温度が凍結状態にないことを明示する。また、図9(b)のように、切り換え表示手段10A,10B,10C,10Dが図9(a)から略120度回動して異なる面が略平面になったとき、凍結標識面12A,12B,12C,12Dが面一となり、凍結標識面12A,12B,12C,12Dの全面に入射光の方向に反射光が反射することになり、それによって、路面の状態が凍結状態または凍結可能状態にあることを明示する。
【0021】
なお、本実施の形態の切り換え表示手段10A,10B,10C,10Dは、4本からなるが、本発明を実施する場合には、本数が拘束されるものではない。しかし、本実施の形態のように2〜5枚程度で構成すると、各切り換え表示手段10の接触抵抗が比較的小さく、機械的強度も強く構成することができる。
【0022】
本実施の形態の切り換え表示手段10の上端は、図10(a)のように、上取付部材60に取付けられる。
【0023】
上取付部材60に4本の切り換え表示手段10A,10B,10C,10Dを取付ける貫通孔61が設けられている。貫通孔61には切り換え表示手段10の上側に形成された上端部材13の上端軸13aが挿入され、貫通孔61と上端軸13aとの間には、軸受メタル62を介して位置決めされている。軸受メタル62の内部に位置する上端軸13aは、ワッシャ64及び軸受メタル62と共に低接触抵抗面のスラスト軸受、例えば、スラスト球軸受、ドライベアリングを構成する摺動リング63を介して、ボルト65で螺止される。即ち、上端軸13aはワッシャ64及び摺動リング63を介してボルト65で堅固に締め付けられている。したがって、切り換え表示手段10は摺動リング63と一体となって回動し、軸受メタル62の上面のフランジ部分と摺動リング63が低摩擦抵抗状態で回動する。
【0024】
また、切り換え表示手段10の下端は、図10(b)のように、下取付部材20に取付けられる。
【0025】
下取付部材20には、4個の切り換え表示手段10A,10B,10C,10Dを取付ける円柱状の凸起21A,21B,21C,21D(以下、共通する『凸起』については、単に、『21』と記す)が形成されている。凸起21A,21B,21C,21Dには各々スリーブ23が挿め込まれ、軸受として機能する低摩擦抵抗のスリーブ23を介して切り換え表示手段10の下端部材14の下端軸14aの下端内側に嵌め込んでいる。下端部材14の下端軸14aの下端の外側には、ピニオン14b(14bA,14bB,14bC,14bD)が形成されている。このスリーブ23はピニオン14bの内側に位置し、凸起21に固定され、スリーブ23と下端軸14aとの間の嵌め込みによって水平方向の移動を拘束し、スリーブ23の周方向に下端部材14の下端軸14aが回動自在である。このとき、下端部材14の下端軸14aの下端と下取付部材20の上面との間は、若干の間隔を設け、両者が接触しないように設定している。即ち、切り換え表示手段10は上取付部材60側のみで片持ちされている。
【0026】
図8及び図11に示すように、下取付部材20の上面には、切り換え表示手段10の右回転を拘束する右回動ストッパー22R(22RA,22RB,22RC,22RD)と、左回転を拘束する左回動ストッパー22L(22LA,22LB,22LC,22LD)とを有し、下端部材14の下方に突出した当接突起14c(14cA,14cB,14cC,14cD)は、左回動ストッパー22L(22LA,22LB,22LC,22LD)と共に左回転を拘束し、このとき、図9(b)及び図11(a)に示すように凍結標識面12A,12B,12C,12Dがハウジング4の透明板4a側に面一となる。また、下端部材14の下方に突出した当接突起14d(14dA,14dB,14dC,14dD)は、右回動ストッパー22R(22RA,22RB,22RC,22RD)と共に右回転を拘束し、図9(a)及び図11(b)に示すように路側帯標識面11A,11B,11C,11Dがハウジング4の透明板4a側に面一となる。
【0027】
ここで、切り換え表示手段10のV字状に折曲したV字状板材15と、そのV字状板材15に接合された路側帯標識面11、凍結標識面12は、上取付部材60と下取付部材20との間の距離によって決定され、切り換え表示手段10の回動は軸受メタル62の上面のフランジ部分と摺動リング63が低摩擦抵抗状態で回動し、それによって切り換え表示手段10を回動するトルクが決定されるが、上取付部材60と下取付部材20との間のV字状板材15及び路側帯標識面11及び凍結標識面12の重量がトルクに対する影響力が小さいから、切り換え表示手段10の上取付部材60と下取付部材20との間のV字状板材15及び路側帯標識面11及び凍結標識面12の長さを長くすることができる。
【0028】
次に、本発明の温度応動駆動機構29を図8,図11から図13について説明する。
【0029】
本発明の温度応動駆動機構29は、移動部材40、形状記憶合金製の圧縮スプリング35,36および駆動力補助手段50等によって形成されている。
【0030】
この移動部材40は、図12に示すように、下取付部材20に取付けられている。下取付部材20の上面には、2個の案内突起24が形成されていて、そこに上面の接触抵抗が小さい摺動ワッシャ25が嵌合され、各案内突起24には外周の接触抵抗が小さいブッシュ26が嵌め込まれ、ブッシュ26に移動部材40の長孔からなる案内孔42a及び案内孔42cが嵌め込まれ、移動部材40の直線移動を容易にしている。また、各案内突起24からブッシュ26が離脱しないように、各取付捩子27によって各案内突起24に螺止し、その離脱及び案内突起24の突出方向に平行する移動を拘束している。
【0031】
図8、図12および図13に示すように、移動部材40の長さ方向の一方の側、即ち、案内孔42a,42cよりも若干大きい程度の形状の長円からなる移動孔42A,42B,42C,42Dの長辺には、下端部材14の下端軸14aの下端に形成されたピニオン14b(14bA,14bB,14bC,14bD)と噛合うラック41A,41B,41C,41Dが形成されている。したがって、移動部材40の長さ方向の左右の直線移動によって、ラック41A,41B,41C,41Dが左右に移動し、ラック41A,41B,41C,41Dと噛合うピニオン14bA,14bB,14bC,14bDが回動し、切り換え表示手段10A,10B,10C,10Dの回転となる。このときラック41A,41B,41C,41Dが図13において左向きに移動すると、切り換え表示手段10A,10B,10C,10Dが左回りに回転し、ラック41A,41B,41C,41Dが図13において右向きに移動すると、切り換え表示手段10A,10B,10C,10Dが右回りに回転する。
【0032】
移動部材40の長さ方向に対して直角に、しかも、前後面の両側にフック部43,44,45,46が形成されていて、フック部43,44と下部取付部材20の上面に配置したピン35a,36aとの間に、形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36が配設され、両者間を狭めるように収縮している。また、フック部45,46には下取付部材20の上面に配置したピン30a,31aとの間に、温度による膨脹収縮特性の極めて少ない(線膨張の極めて小さい)圧縮スプリング30,31が配設され、両者間を狭めるように収縮している。更に、圧縮スプリング30,31の弾性力よりも、形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36の収縮力の影響力が大きくなっている。通常、この形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36の温度下降の際に設定された低い温度の第2の設定温度は、この形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36の略氷点温度付近の温度、即ち、地域的にも若干相違するが0〜3℃の範囲内に設定される。また、温度上昇の際に設定した第1の設定温度は、圧縮スプリング35,36の第2の設定温度によって左右されるが、ヒステリシスによって決定される2〜5℃の範囲内に上昇した温度によって設定される。具体的には、形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36の弾性力は、例えば、外気温度が1〜2℃以下となって第2の設定温度より低下すると、各ターン部分がその圧縮密度を粗にするように変形し、逆に、外気温度が4〜5℃以上となって第2の設定温度及び第1の設定温度を越えて上昇する、各ターン部分が圧縮密度を密にするように変形するように記憶させてある。
【0033】
そして、図13(b)の状態において、外気温度が高い温度から所定の第2の設定温度、本実施の形態では、例えば、1〜2℃以下に降下する時に、形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36が各ターン部分の圧縮密度を粗にするように変形し、圧縮スプリング30,31の弾力と一緒となって移動部材40を左方向に付勢し、切り換え表示手段10A,10B,10C,10Dが左回りに回動して、最終的には図13(a)に示すように、凍結標識面12A,12B,12C,12Dがハウジング4の透明板4a側に面一となる。
【0034】
そして、図13(a)の状態において、外気温度が低い温度から所定の第1の設定温度、例えば、所定の第2の設定温度の1〜2℃及びそのヒステリシスを越えた温度以上に上昇すると、本実施の形態では、移動部材40を左方向に付勢する圧縮スプリング30,31の弾性力よりも、形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36の弾性力が各ターン部分の圧縮密度を密にすることから大きくなり、移動部材40を右方向に付勢し、切り換え表示手段10A,10B,10C,10Dが右回りに回動して、最終的には図13(a)に示すように、路側帯標識面11A,11B,11C,11Dがハウジング4の透明板4a側に面一となる。
【0035】
したがって、形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36の温度が略氷点温度以下では、移動部材40を移動させる弾性力は、移動部材40を逆方向に移動させるべく付勢する圧縮スプリング30,31の弾性力よりも弱い。しかし、略氷点温度を越えた高い第1の設定温度を超えると、形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36が移動部材40を移動させる弾性力は、移動部材40を移動させるべく付勢する圧縮スプリング30,31の弾性力よりも強くなる。よって、略氷点温度以下では左回転が規制されるまで回動し、凍結標識面12A,12B,12C,12Dがハウジング4の透明板4a側に面一となる。略氷点温度以下でなくなったとき、右回転が規制されるまで回動し、路側帯標識面11A,11B,11C,11Dがハウジング4の透明板4a側に面一となる。
【0036】
本実施の形態における駆動力補助手段50は、図8及び図11に示すように、下取付部材20の上面に固定設置されている切り換え表示手段10の右回転を拘束する左回転を拘束する左回動ストッパー22L(22LA,22LB,22LC,22LD)及び右回動ストッパー22R(22RA,22RB,22RC,22RD)と、切り換え表示手段10の下端部材14の下方に突出した左回転を拘束する当接突起14c(14cA,14cB,14cC,14cD)及び右回転を拘束する当接突起14d(14dA,14dB,14dC,14dD)とによって形成されている。本実施の形態においては、一方の左回動ストッパー22L(22LA,22LB,22LC,22LD)及び右回動ストッパー22R(22RA,22RB,22RC,22RD)が永久磁石とされ、他方の当接突起14c(14cA,14cB,14cC,14cD)及び当接突起14d(14dA,14dB,14dC,14dD)が鉄等の強磁性体とされている。この永久磁石(左回動ストッパー22L及び右回動ストッパー22R)と強磁性体(当接突起14c及び当接突起14d)との間に作用する磁力が、切り換え表示手段10に対して前記の左回り及び右回りの切り換え駆動力を付与する形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36による切り換え駆動力を補助する補助力として作用することとなる。
【0037】
このように構成した本実施の形態の凍結表示用標識装置1及び温度応動駆動機構29は、次のように動作する。
【0038】
ハウジング4の熱伝導、放射熱等によって、外気温が形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36の動作可能温度となる。例えば、外気温が略氷点温度を越えた第1の設定温度の4〜5℃となると、形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36は収縮変形して、他の圧縮スプリング30,31の弾性力よりも強く収縮し、圧縮スプリング35,36の弾性力によって移動部材40は図13の右方向に移動させられる。これによって、切り換え表示手段10は図9(b)の状態が図9(a)の状態に略120度右方向に回動し、路側帯標識面11がハウジング4の透明板4a側の面となる。この切り換え表示手段10の右方向の回動が始まると、図14に示すように、温度応動駆動機構29の強磁性体(当接突起14d)が永久磁石(両方の左回動ストッパー22L及び右回動ストッパー22R)に次第に近接して行き、強磁性体及び永久磁石の両者間の磁力が両者間の距離の二乗に反比例して強く作用して、形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36による右回りの切り換え駆動力を補助する補助力として作用し、切り換え表示手段10の右方向の回動が一挙に進むように早められて、最終的に強磁性体(当接突起14d)と永久磁石(右回動ストッパー22R)とが互いに当接して切り換え表示手段10の右方向の回動が終了させられる。このとき、自動車等のヘッドライトの光は、路側帯標識面11によって、そのヘッドライトの光源の方向に反射光が反射される。これによって、ドライバーは路側帯標識面11の存在によって、『走行』『注意』の表示を目視により確認することができる。結果的に、ドライバーは路側帯標識面11の存在によって道路端部の存在を確認しながら、走行することができる。
【0039】
また、外気温が略氷点温度以下に低下すると、本実施の形態では、第2の設定温度が1〜2℃の温度で形状を記憶させた形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36の各ターンの密度が粗になるから、1〜2℃以下の温度でその圧縮方向の弾性力、即ち移動部材40を図13の右方向に移動させる弾力が減少する。したがって、圧縮スプリング30,31の圧縮方向の弾性力よりも、形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36の圧縮方向の弾性力の方が小さくなり、形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36は、圧縮スプリング30,31の弾性力よりも弱くなり、膨脹し、圧縮スプリング30,31の弾性力によって移動部材40は図13の左方向に移動させられる。これによって、切り換え表示手段10は図9(a)の状態から図9(b)の状態に略120度回動し、凍結標識面12がハウジング4の透明板4a側の面となる。この切り換え表示手段10の左方向の回動が始まると、図14に示すように、温度応動駆動機構29の強磁性体(当接突起14c)が永久磁石(両方の左回動ストッパー22L及び右回動ストッパー22R)に次第に近接して行き、強磁性体及び永久磁石の両者間の磁力が両者間の距離の二乗に反比例して強く作用して、形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36の弾力を弱めるとともに圧縮スプリング30,31による左回りの切り換え駆動力を補助する補助力として作用し、切り換え表示手段10の左方向の回動が一挙に進むように早められて、最終的に強磁性体(当接突起14c)と永久磁石(左回動ストッパー22L)とが互いに当接して切り換え表示手段10の左方向の回動が終了させられる。このとき、自動車等のヘッドライトの光は、凍結標識面12によって、そのヘッドライトの光源の方向に反射光が反射される。これによって、ドライバーは凍結標識面12によって、『凍結』『注意』の表示を目視により確認することができる。結果的に、ドライバーは凍結標識面12の存在によって道路の凍結可能状態及び道路端部の存在を確認しながら、走行することができる。特に、ドライバーは凍結標識面12の再帰反射光の色彩、反射面形状、文字を認識することによって、路面の凍結状態を確認することができる。
【0040】
本発明によれば、温度応動駆動機構29の駆動力補助手段50を形成する永久磁石(右回動ストッパー22R及び左回動ストッパー22L)と強磁性体(当接突起14c、14d)とが外気温度が所定温度、即ち走行注意の表示をする場合の第1の設定温度の4〜5℃の場合と、凍結注意の表示をする場合の第2の設定温度の1〜2℃以下の場合の切り換え動作時になると、切り換え表示手段10に切り換え駆動力を付与する形状記憶合金等に対して切り換え駆動力を補助する補助力を付与するので、切り換え表示手段10の凍結温度に対応した所定温度における表示の切り替えを迅速かつ自動的に行わせることができる。これにより、冬期に発生する道路表面の凍結をドライバー或いは道路管理者等に迅速に報知して、道路交通の安全性を確保することができる。
【0041】
また、本発明の温度応動駆動機構29に設置されている駆動力補助手段50としては、切り換え表示手段10におけるV字状板材15や移動部材40等からなる移動部分と、固定状態のハウジング4との間に、磁力を作用させる永久磁石と強磁性体とを配置して形成するとよい。例えば、図13(a)の鎖線に示すように、移動部材40の左右端部に永久磁石51を設け、下部取付部材20に強磁性体製のストッパ52を固着するとよい。この永久磁石と強磁性体との配置形態としては、前記の永久磁石(右回動ストッパー22R及び左回動ストッパー22L)と強磁性体(当接突起14c、14d)との組み合わせの他に、永久磁石を移動部材40側に設置し、これに対応する強磁性体をハウジング4側に設けてもよい。永久磁石と強磁性体との間に作用する磁力の大きさや両者の間隔等は、駆動力補助手段50による補助力の大きさ、補助力が必要とされる移動部材40の移動途中位置等からなる設計基準に応じて適正な状態にするとよい。
【0042】
なお、本実施の形態では、路面の凍結温度以下になったとき、切り換え表示手段10の再帰反射面である凍結標識面12は、道路面に対して略垂直面となり、凍結標識面12の再帰反射をドライバーに認識させ、また、路面が凍結温度より高くなったとき、切り換え表示手段10の再帰反射面である路側帯標識面11は略120度回動し、再帰反射をドライバーに認識させるものであるが、本発明を実施する場合には、形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36と圧縮スプリング30,31の取付けを逆にすれば、路側帯標識面11と凍結標識面12の再帰反射表示を逆にすることもできる。
【0043】
また、この種の路側帯標識面11と凍結標識面12の再帰反射表示の違いを使用して、例えば、色彩、文字、イラスト等の図形等の違いにより再帰反射面の違いを表現することもできる。例えば、図4の文字表示の事例を示す参考例のように、『凍結注意』、『スリップ注意』、『凍結道路』の文字を表出し、逆の条件のときに『走行注意』の文字を表出するように構成することもできる。即ち、本発明を実施する場合、路側帯標識面11と凍結標識面12の再帰反射表示は、単に、その再帰反射面の着色に限定されるものでなく、その面に文字を形成してもよいし、或いは再帰反射面の形状を凍結を意味する図形としてもよい。
【0044】
更に、本実施の形態は、切り換え表示手段10を、下取付部材20、上取付部材60を介してハウジング4を構成する裏蓋9側に組付けたものであるから、組付けの作業性がよい。しかし、本発明を実施する場合には、ハウジング4を構成するケース体8に組付けることもできる。特に、切り換え表示手段10は、温度応動駆動機構29、上側取付部材60、下側取付部材20をハウジング4を構成する平板状の裏蓋9側に組付けて配設するものであるから、組付けの作業性が良好であり、組付後の特性の確認等も容易に実施できる。
【0045】
なお、上記各実施の形態の温度応動駆動機構29は0℃以下の温度を検出するものでないが、路面から0.8〜1m程度上部に設置される凍結表示用標識装置1は、その温度検出箇所と地表の温度差との関係で地表の凍結温度よりも若干高い温度とすることで良好な凍結温度検出効果が得られた。しかし、交通量、山間部等の地域、路面の種類等の設置環境、タイムラグによっては、0℃に設定することもできるし、或いは0℃以下とすることもできる。また、形状記憶合金のヒステリシス温度については3〜4℃程度のもの、即ち、4〜5℃で復帰するものを使用したが、このヒステリシス温度については、一旦、路面が凍結すると、外気温が上昇しても、路面温度がすぐに上昇しないでタイムラグが存在することから、それをこのヒステリシス温度で補正するものである。例えば、夜間凍結し、凍結が解除される路面温度と午前中の外気温との温度上昇に、ヒステリシス温度を対応させて使用するのが望ましい。そして、ハウジング8における温度応動駆動手段の配置は何れにおいてもよく、好ましくは、外気温をタイムラグを少なくして検出できる個所として下部、側部、背部、上部とすることができる。
【0046】
また、本発明を実施する場合の再帰反射面は、小球体、プリズム面等として形成できるし、反射光に対する着色は反射面の着色、透明体を有色透過性部材とすることによって実施できる。また、上記実施の形態の再帰反射は、透明球体のように入射角と反射角が平行するものを前提としているものの、本発明を実施する場合には、狭義の再帰反射を意味するものでなく、鏡面のように、入射角と反射角が平行するものにも置換できることは自明であり、また、厳密に入射角と反射角が平行する必要性がないことから、基本的に、入射光の多くが反射光として反射する場合を包含するものである。
【0047】
ところで、上記実施の形態の切り換え表示手段10は、温度が上昇の際に第1の設定温度を超えたとき表示される路側帯標識面11、温度が下降する際に前記第1の設定温度より低い温度の第2の設定温度を低下したとき表示される凍結標識面12からなるものであったが、前述したように逆に配置することも可能であり、所定の第2の設定温度とそのヒステリシス温度の設定によって決定されるから、本発明を実施する場合には、上記実施の形態の所定の第1の設定温度以上で表示される路側帯標識面11を第1の再帰反射面、所定の第2の設定温度を下回るとき表示される凍結標識面12を第2の再帰反射面とすることができる。
【0048】
また、上記実施の形態では、所定の第2の設定温度を中心に温度によって回動変位する駆動力を得る形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36や切り換え表示手段10のピニオン14bと噛合うラック41を有する移動部材40や駆動力補助手段50等によって形成されている温度応動駆機構29は、圧縮スプリング35,36の膨脹収縮を切り換え表示手段10のピニオン14bの回転に移動部材40のラック41との噛合わせで行っているが、本発明を実施する場合の温度応動駆動機構29は、所定の第2の設定温度を中心に温度によって回動変位する駆動力を得る形状記憶合金であればよく、直接、渦巻状、螺旋状に巻回した形状或いは板バネ状の形状記憶合金で所定のトルクを得てもよい。両者は温度特性及び応答性によって選択されるが、渦巻状、螺旋状に巻回した形状記憶合金で所定のトルクを得る場合には部品点数が少なくてよい。勿論、形状記憶合金を形状記憶プラスチック、バイメタル等の熱応動手段とすることもできる。また、圧縮スプリング30,31を省略し、形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36のみとすることもできる。しかし、上記実施の形態のように、形状記憶合金を使用すれば、道路の凍結温度付近でその表示内容の急速切替を行なうことができる。
【0049】
そして、上記実施の形態の上側取付部材60では、ハウジング4の上部に位置し、切り換え表示手段10を回動自在とし、かつ、その重量を切り換え表示手段10の上端を支持する上端軸13a及び軸受メタル62及び摺動リング63からなる上支持部を配設したものであるが、摺動リング63を両面でボールが転動するボールベアリングとすることもできる。即ち、上支持部は上側取付部材60で切り換え表示手段10の荷重を面接触で耐え、回動自在に支持するものであればよい。
【0050】
更に、上記実施の形態の下側取付部材20では、ハウジング4の下部に位置し、切り換え表示手段10の下端を支持し、温度応動駆動機構29から回転力を得る下端軸14a及び凸起21、スリーブ23からなる下支持部を配設したものであるが、本発明を実施する場合には、切り換え表示手段10の下端がその長さ方向に対して直角に移動しないように拘束し、温度応動駆動機構29から回転力を得る構造を有しておればよい。
【0051】
上記実施の形態では、切り換え表示手段10が4本の場合について説明したが、ここでは、下側取付部材20に対して2本の圧縮スプリング30,31と2本の形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36によって4本の切り換え表示手段10を回動させるものである。即ち、圧縮スプリング30と形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35との1対によって2本の切り換え表示手段10を回動させるとし、裏蓋9を横長にし、上側取付部材60及び下側取付部材20の長さ並びに移動部材40の長さを必要長のものを設定するだけで、圧縮スプリング30,31と形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36の種類を変更することなく、本数、即ち、対数を増加するだけで、大型化することができるから、大型化によって温度特性が変化することがない。このときも、切り換え表示手段10は、温度応動駆動機構29、上側取付部材60、下側取付部材20をハウジング4を構成する平板状の裏蓋9側に組付けて配設するものであるから、組付けの作業性が良好であり、組付後の特性の確認、圧縮スプリング30,31と形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35,36等の弾性強度等の微調整等も容易に実施できる。特に、大型化して文字等を表示する場合には、全切り換え表示手段10が連動動作するから全体の見栄えがよくなり、また、路側帯標識面11と凍結標識面12の切替えが同時になされるから、その動作時の見栄えもよい。勿論、所定の長さの凍結表示用標識装置を複数台使用して、単一の文字または文字群毎に路側帯標識面11と凍結標識面12の切替え表示を行うことができる。
【0052】
また、切り換え表示手段10については、前述したように、その縦方向の長さを任意に設定しても、その荷重の変化が回転摩擦抵抗を直接変化させるものではないので、縦方向の長さも任意に設定でき、結果的に、二次元的平面の拡大を行うことができる。勿論、2列または3列等の必要列配設することによっても、結果的に、二次元的平面の拡大を行うことができる。
【0053】
そして、文字或いはキャラクタ、赤色表示によって凍結注意を表現するときには、移動部材40を圧縮スプリング30と形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35との対単位に分割し、隣接する形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35の温度特性またはヒステリシス特性を変更することによって、所定の方向に順次路側帯標識面11と凍結標識面12の切替えを行うことができる。即ち、順次切替えを行う方向性を特定することができる。勿論、凍結表示用標識装置を文字毎に分ける場合にも、形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35の温度特性またはヒステリシス特性を変更することによって、所定の方向に順次路側帯標識面11と凍結標識面12の切替えを行うことができる。
【0054】
上記実施の形態のハウジング4に対して回動自在に取付けられた切り換え表示手段10は、120度回動する態様であるが、本発明を実施する場合には、切り換え表示手段10の回動を120度の回動に限定するものではない。例えば、ハウジング4に対して120度回動自在に取付けられたものでは、切り換え表示手段10が略三角柱となり、切り換え表示手段10相互間の間隔を狭めても他の切り換え表示手段10との干渉が発生せず、かつ、その回動角度を120度とすることにより、形状記憶合金の変量を少なくすることができ、大きな変量を取れる場合には、それだけ信頼性を高めることができる。
【0055】
前述したように、上記実施の形態の切り換え表示手段10としては、上記実施の形態の所定の第1の設定温度以上で表示される路側帯標識面11を第1の再帰反射面、所定の第2の設定温度を下回るとき表示される凍結標識面12を第2の再帰反射面としたものであるが、本発明を実施する場合、大きな表示面としたときには、凍結標識面12としての第2の再帰反射面を維持できればよく、所定の第1の設定温度以上で表示される路側帯標識面11を、凍結表示外の道路状況、地理案内、地元情報、商業情報等の各種の情報を記載することによって、凍結表示のときと、それ以外のときの表示を明確に区別することができる。また、凍結標識面12からなる第2の再帰反射面を、凍結注意を喚起する一部の文字、図形、キャラクタの1以上を有し、隣接した表示板の文字、図形、キャラクタの1以上との関係で凍結注意を喚起する言葉とすると、表示文字が多くならないから、凍結表示用標識装置を大きくする必要がない。
【0056】
上記実施の形態の凍結表示用標識装置は、上側取付部材60の上支持部を切り換え表示手段10を垂直に下げるものであるが、切り換え表示手段10を水平方向に支持するようにしても、両側の軸受による荷重負担を1/2にすることができ、安定した動作が期待できる。
【0057】
したがって、この種の実施の形態では、切り換え表示手段10は側取付部材相互間に配設すればよいから、縦方向に切り換え表示手段10の配設本数を多くすることによって、任意の長さの路側帯標識面11からなる第1の再帰反射面及び第2の再帰反射面を形成することができる。また、切り換え表示手段10の重量を、その切り換え表示手段10の両端で支持するものであるから、荷重は2分され、切り換え表示手段10の長さを長くしても、その接触摩擦抵抗が長さによって大きく影響を受けることなく回動させることができ、水平に軸支した箇所での磨耗を少なくすることができるから、切り換え表示手段10の長さ方向を長くすることができる。故に、温度応動駆動機構の変位量、即ち、圧縮スプリング30と対の形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング35の単体の駆動エネルギーを大きくすることなく、二次元的大型化に対応できる。
【0058】
【発明の効果】
本発明の温度応動駆動機構は、このように構成され作用するものであるから、凍結表示用標識装置における切り換え表示手段の切り換え速度を早くして、凍結温度に対応した所定温度における表示の切り替えを迅速かつ自動的に行うことができ、冬期に発生する道路表面の凍結をドライバー或いは道路管理者等に迅速に報知して、道路交通の安全性を確保することができる。
【0059】
具体的には、駆動力補助手段が外気温度が所定温度の切り換え動作時になると、切り換え表示手段に切り換え駆動力を付与する形状記憶合金であって、所定温度を中心に温度によって前記切り換え駆動力の方向を逆に切り換える形状記憶合金に対して方向が逆に切り換わる切り換え駆動力をそれぞれの方向に補助する補助力を付与するので、切り換え表示手段の凍結温度に対応した所定温度における表示の切り替えを迅速かつ自動的に行わせることができる。
【0060】
また、駆動力補助手段として、切り換え表示手段における移動部分と、凍結表示用標識装置の固定部分との間に、磁力を作用させる永久磁石と強磁性体とを配置して形成すると、形状記憶合金により切り換え表示手段の切り換え動作が開始されると、永久磁石と強磁性体との間に磁力が作用して形状記憶合金による切り換え駆動力を補助する補助力を付与し、切り換え表示手段の表示の切り替えを迅速かつ自動的に行わせることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の一実施の形態である温度応動駆動機構を設置した凍結表示用標識装置の再帰反射動作状態を示す斜視図
【図2】 本発明の一実施の形態である温度応動駆動機構を設置した凍結表示用標識装置の取付状態を示す斜視図
【図3】 本発明の一実施の形態である温度応動駆動機構を設置した凍結表示用標識装置の使用状態の一形態を示す斜視図
【図4】 本発明の一実施の形態である温度応動駆動機構を設置した凍結表示用標識装置の使用状態の一形態を示す正面図
【図5】 本発明の一実施の形態である温度応動駆動機構を設置した凍結表示用標識装置のハウジングを示す背面図
【図6】 本発明の一実施の形態である温度応動駆動機構を設置した凍結表示用標識装置のハウジングを示す図5の切断線A−Aによる断面図
【図7】 本発明の一実施の形態である温度応動駆動機構を設置した凍結表示用標識装置の概略部品展開図
【図8】 本発明の一実施の形態である温度応動駆動機構を設置した凍結表示用標識装置の切り換え表示手段の取付状態を示す要部拡大展開図
【図9】 本発明の一実施の形態である温度応動駆動機構を設置した凍結表示用標識装置の切り換え表示手段の回動動作説明図
【図10】 (a)は本発明の一実施の形態である温度応動駆動機構を設置した凍結表示用標識装置の上側取付部材の取付状態を示す断面図、(b)は下側取付部材の取付状態を示す断面図
【図11】 (a)は本発明の一実施の形態である凍結表示用標識装置の切り換え表示手段が右回動したときの下側取付部材の平面図、(b)は切り換え表示手段が左回動したときの下側取付部材の平面図、(c)は下側取付部材のみの正面図
【図12】 本発明の一実施の形態である凍結表示用標識装置の移動部材と下側取付部材の取付状態を示す断面図
【図13】 (a)は本発明の一実施の形態である凍結表示用標識装置の移動部材とピニオンとの関係を示す説明図で、移動部材が右方向に移動した状態の図、(b)は移動部材が左方向に移動した状態を示す図
【図14】 本発明の一実施の形態である温度応動駆動機構による切り換え表示手段が右回動したときの平面図
【図15】 本発明の一実施の形態である温度応動駆動機構による切り換え表示手段が左回動したときの平面図
【符号の説明】
4 ハウジング
4a 透明板
10(10A〜10D) 切り換え表示手段
11(11A〜11D) 路側帯標識面
12(12A〜12D) 凍結標識面
29 温度応動駆動機構
30,31 圧縮スプリング
35,36 形状記憶合金からなる圧縮スプリング
40 移動部材
50 駆動力補助手段
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a temperature-responsive drive mechanism used in a freezing display sign device that warns a passerby, a driver, a road manager, or the like that a road surface is frozen in winter.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
In general, this type of freezing display labeling device is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 52-142392, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 58-10913, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-12612, Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-19760, and the like. Many proposals have been made.
[0003]
The applicant of the present invention has previously proposed, for example, Japanese Patent No. 2889545, a freeze display signage device that overcomes the problems of these conventional examples. This freezing display marking device is provided with switching display means for freely switching display by rotating and disengaging "freezing attention" and "running warning", and further, a shape for applying switching driving force to the switching display means When the switching display means is pivotally displaced by the temperature responsive drive means using the memory alloy with the substantially freezing temperature as a reference, the display inside the housing provided in the switching display means can be changed when the freezing temperature is reached. Has been. In addition, it is possible to notify a driver or a road manager or the like of freezing of the road surface that occurs in winter without relying on an external power source. Furthermore, it is a freezing display sign device that can cope with a two-dimensional increase in size without increasing the amount of displacement and drive energy of the temperature responsive drive means.
[0004]
The present invention increases the switching speed of the switching display means in such a freezing display sign apparatus, and can quickly and automatically switch the display at a predetermined temperature corresponding to the freezing temperature, which occurs in winter. It is an object of the present invention to provide a temperature responsive drive mechanism that can promptly notify a driver or road manager or the like of freezing of the road surface and ensure safety of road traffic.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to achieve the above object, the temperature responsive drive mechanism of the present invention according to claim 1 is a temperature for applying a switching drive force to the switching display means capable of switching display installed in the freezing display sign device. A shape memory alloy that is a responsive drive mechanism that imparts a switching driving force to the switching display means, a shape memory alloy that reverses the direction of the switching driving force according to temperature around a predetermined temperature, and the shape memory alloy Driving force assisting means for providing an assisting force that assists the switching driving force in which the direction is switched in the opposite direction during each switching operation.The driving force assisting means is formed by arranging a permanent magnet and a ferromagnetic material for applying a magnetic force between the moving part of the switching display means and the fixed part of the freezing display sign device.It is characterized by that.
[0006]
  According to the present invention, the driving force assisting means is a shape memory alloy that gives a switching driving force to the switching display means when the outside air temperature is switched to the predetermined temperature, and the switching driving force depends on the temperature centered on the predetermined temperature. For the shape memory alloy that switches the direction of the reverse, an auxiliary force that assists the switching drive force that switches the direction in the reverse direction is applied to each direction, so that the display at a predetermined temperature corresponding to the freezing temperature of the switching display means Switching can be performed quickly and automatically. As a result, it is possible to promptly notify the driver or road manager of the freezing of the road surface that occurs in winter and to ensure the safety of road traffic.. Further, according to the present invention, when the switching operation of the switching display means is started by the shape memory alloy, the magnetic force acts between the permanent magnet and the ferromagnetic material to assist the switching driving force by the shape memory alloy. It is possible to quickly and automatically switch the display of the switching display means.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.In FIG.explain about. In the drawings, the same reference numerals and symbols indicate the same or corresponding components as the components of the respective embodiments, and in particular, A and B at the end indicating that a plurality of parts having the same configuration are used. , C, D and those not marked with the symbols A, B, C, D are basically common components.
[0010]
First, a freezing display marker device to which the temperature responsive drive mechanism of the present invention is attached will be described.
[0011]
In FIGS. 1 to 4, for example, a white display 2 has a freezing display sign device 1 having a roadside band marking function and a freezing sign function that clearly indicate the presence of a roadside band by a white or yellow retroreflective surface. It is attached by the attaching means 3. The attachment means 3 of the present embodiment inserts the head of a commercially available bolt into a grooved rail member 5 attached to a housing 4 formed as an aluminum mold, restrains the rotation, and both ends of the saddle 6 are It is fitted to the inserted bolt, screwed with a nut 7, and the column 2 is held between the rail member 5 and the saddle 6. Of course, the attachment means 3 in the case of carrying out the present invention can also be integrally attached to the column 2 directly by bolts and nuts. The housing 4 is formed in a box shape using an opaque synthetic resin material, a metal plate, a mold, or the like. In this embodiment, the housing 4 is formed as an aluminum mold. A transparent plate 4a made of a transparent acrylic plate or a transparent glass plate is disposed on the front surface as a translucent member. The transparent plate 4a is disposed on the front surface, but may be any one that forms at least a window that functions as a roadside sign and a freezing sign, or one that forms the front half of the housing 4 with a transparent member. Of course, the whole housing 4 may be formed of a transparent member.
[0012]
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 5, and 6, the housing 4 of the present embodiment includes a transparent plate 4 a and a back cover 9 that is attached to the back side of a case body 8 to be described later. The roadside belt marking surface 11A provided on the switching display means 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D (hereinafter, simply referred to as “10” for the common “switching display means”) disposed in the housing 4. 11B, 11C, 11D (hereinafter referred to simply as “11” for the common “roadside signpost”) and freeze signs 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D (hereinafter referred to as “freeze signage” common) , Simply referred to as “12”) is a surface visible from the transparent plate 4a as shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the switching display means 10 is formed so as to be able to switch the display by rotating around the vertical axis. As a matter of course, the case body 8 and the transparent plate 4a, and the case body 8 and the back cover 9 are filled or interposed with a sealing agent, a sealing material, or an adhesive (not shown) so as to ensure the necessary sealing performance. 5 is a screw hole for fixing the back cover 9 to the housing 4, and 9 a and 9 b relatively indicate the positions of the screw holes shown in the back cover 9.
[0013]
FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show one use state of the freezing display sign device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and the first setting is made by the temperature rise of the freezing display sign device 1 (1U) located in the upper part. When the temperature is exceeded, “run” is displayed, and when the second set temperature lower than the first set temperature is lowered due to the temperature drop, “freeze” is displayed, and the freezing display marking device 1 (1D) ) Displays “row” when the temperature exceeds the first set temperature due to the temperature rise, and “conclusion” when the second set temperature lower than the first set temperature is lowered due to the temperature drop. Moreover, the display board 100 located in the lower part of the sign device 1 (1D) for freezing display shows a character of “Caution”, and is a front view (a) showing one form of use state of FIG. In addition, when the second set temperature, which is lower than the first set temperature, is lowered due to the temperature drop, a black character “Freeze Caution” is displayed on the red background, and as shown in FIG. When it is turned on, a black or blue character “running caution” is displayed on a yellow base. Of course, “running caution” and “freezing caution” may be displayed in black characters for the same color of the yellow base.
[0014]
In the case of carrying out the present invention, the sign device for freezing display 1 does not have characters, and the roadside belt sign and the freezing sign can be displayed in colors such as yellow and red, white and red, blue and red. . In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the display device is divided into a freezing display marker 1 (1U) and a freezing display device 1 (1D). However, when the present invention is implemented, one freezing display device is used. The sign device 1 may be vertically or horizontally long, and a single character or a plurality of characters such as “running” or “freezing”, “running caution” or “freezing caution” may be expressed in the same housing 4. . In particular, when characters are put on the surface on which the roadside sign and the freezing sign are formed, the re-reflecting surface is, for example, one color of white, yellow, red, and blue, and other colors, for example, complementary colors are compared. The roadside sign marking function and the freezing sign function can be represented only by letters depending on colors.
[0015]
Note that, through the embodiment of the present invention, the freeze display marker device 1 is characterized by the concept of a freeze display without characters, a freeze indicator with characters, and a freeze indicator with characters. The explanation is based on the premise that the concepts are common because they are not different.
[0016]
In FIG. 7, the upper mounting member 60 disposed on the upper portion of the housing 4 is fixed to the screw hole 9a portion of the back cover 9 by a plurality of screw holes 60b screwed by the screw 60a. Further, the lower mounting member 20 disposed in the lower portion of the housing 4 is fixed to the screw hole 9b portion of the back cover 9 by a plurality of screw holes 20b screwed by the screw 20a.
[0017]
Between the upper mounting member 60 and the lower mounting member 20, four switching display means 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D, which are four in the present embodiment, are rotatably supported.
[0018]
Next, the structure of the upper mounting member 60, the lower mounting member 20, and the switching display means 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9 (the lower side of the figure is the front side of the housing 4 and the same in FIGS. 11 and 13). To do.
[0019]
The switching display means 10 has an upper end member 13 formed on the upper side and a lower end member 14 formed on the lower side, and is vertically centered on the upper end shaft 13 a of the upper end member 13 and the lower end shaft 14 a of the lower end member 14. It can be rotated around its axis. In the switching display means 10 in the present embodiment, a V-shaped plate material 15 bent in a V-shape is joined between an upper end member 13 and a lower end member 14, and the outer surface of the V-shaped plate material 15, that is, an outer surface. A synthetic resin sheet mixed with a retroreflective material is adhered to the surface, one surface of which is a road side belt marking surface 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D, and the other surface is a freezing sign surface 12A that displays the frozen state of the road surface. , 12B, 12C, 12D.
[0020]
The switching display means 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D arranged inside the housing 4 are entirely turned from FIG. 9B when the outside air temperature exceeds the first set temperature due to the temperature rise. The road side belt marking surfaces 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D become the transparent plate 4a side on the front side of the housing 4 as shown in FIG. Further, when the outside air temperature is lowered to a temperature lower than the second set temperature, which is lower than the first set temperature, due to the temperature drop, the whole is turned approximately 120 degrees to the left from FIG. As shown in (b), the freeze marking surfaces 12A, 12B, 12C, and 12D are on the transparent plate 4a side of the housing 4. That is, as shown in FIG. 9A, when the roadside belt marking surfaces 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D of the switching display means 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D are flush with each other, the roadside belt marking surfaces 11A, 11B, and 11C. , 11D will reflect the reflected light in the direction of the incident light, thereby clearly indicating that the road surface temperature is not frozen. Further, as shown in FIG. 9B, when the switching display means 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D are rotated approximately 120 degrees from FIG. 12B, 12C, and 12D are flush with each other, and the reflected light is reflected in the direction of the incident light on the entire surface of the freezing marking surfaces 12A, 12B, 12C, and 12D, so that the road surface is in a frozen state or a freezeable state. Make it clear that
[0021]
Although the switching display means 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D of the present embodiment is composed of four, the number is not restricted when the present invention is implemented. However, when it is configured with about 2 to 5 sheets as in the present embodiment, the contact resistance of each switching display means 10 can be relatively small, and the mechanical strength can be increased.
[0022]
The upper end of the switching display means 10 of the present embodiment is attached to the upper attachment member 60 as shown in FIG.
[0023]
The upper mounting member 60 is provided with a through hole 61 for attaching four switching display means 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D. An upper end shaft 13 a of an upper end member 13 formed on the upper side of the switching display means 10 is inserted into the through hole 61, and is positioned between the through hole 61 and the upper end shaft 13 a via a bearing metal 62. The upper end shaft 13a located inside the bearing metal 62 is connected to a bolt 65 via a washer 64 and a bearing metal 62 through a sliding ring 63 constituting a thrust bearing having a low contact resistance, for example, a thrust ball bearing or a dry bearing. Screwed. That is, the upper end shaft 13 a is firmly tightened with the bolt 65 via the washer 64 and the sliding ring 63. Therefore, the switching display means 10 is rotated integrally with the sliding ring 63, and the flange portion on the upper surface of the bearing metal 62 and the sliding ring 63 are rotated in a low friction resistance state.
[0024]
Further, the lower end of the switching display means 10 is attached to the lower attachment member 20 as shown in FIG.
[0025]
The lower mounting member 20 has columnar protrusions 21A, 21B, 21C, and 21D (hereinafter referred to as “protrusions” that are common to the four switching display means 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D). ”) Is formed. A sleeve 23 is inserted into each of the protrusions 21A, 21B, 21C, and 21D, and is fitted inside the lower end shaft 14a of the lower end member 14 of the lower end member 14 of the switching display means 10 via the sleeve 23 of low friction resistance that functions as a bearing. It is crowded. A pinion 14b (14bA, 14bB, 14bC, 14bD) is formed outside the lower end of the lower end shaft 14a of the lower end member 14. The sleeve 23 is located inside the pinion 14 b and is fixed to the protrusion 21. The sleeve 23 is fitted between the sleeve 23 and the lower end shaft 14 a to restrain the horizontal movement, and the lower end of the lower end member 14 is arranged in the circumferential direction of the sleeve 23. The shaft 14a is rotatable. At this time, a slight gap is provided between the lower end of the lower end shaft 14a of the lower end member 14 and the upper surface of the lower mounting member 20 so that they do not contact each other. That is, the switching display means 10 is cantilevered only on the upper mounting member 60 side.
[0026]
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 11, on the upper surface of the lower mounting member 20, a right rotation stopper 22R (22RA, 22RB, 22RC, 22RD) that restrains the right rotation of the switching display means 10 and a left rotation are restrained. The contact protrusion 14c (14cA, 14cB, 14cC, 14cD) that has a left rotation stopper 22L (22LA, 22LB, 22LC, 22LD) and protrudes downward from the lower end member 14 is a left rotation stopper 22L (22LA, 22LB, 22LC, 22LD) and the left rotation is constrained. At this time, the frozen marking surfaces 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D are placed on the transparent plate 4a side of the housing 4 as shown in FIGS. 9 (b) and 11 (a). It will be the same. Further, the contact protrusion 14d (14dA, 14dB, 14dC, 14dD) protruding downward from the lower end member 14 restrains the right rotation together with the right rotation stopper 22R (22RA, 22RB, 22RC, 22RD). ) And FIG. 11 (b), the roadside belt marking surfaces 11 </ b> A, 11 </ b> B, 11 </ b> C, and 11 </ b> D are flush with the transparent plate 4 a side of the housing 4.
[0027]
Here, the V-shaped plate member 15 bent into the V-shape of the switching display means 10, the roadside band marking surface 11 and the freezing marking surface 12 joined to the V-shaped plate material 15 are formed by the upper mounting member 60 and the lower mounting member 60. The rotation of the switching display means 10 is determined by the distance between the mounting member 20 and the flange portion on the upper surface of the bearing metal 62 and the sliding ring 63 are rotated in a low friction resistance state. Although the rotating torque is determined, the weight of the V-shaped plate member 15 and the roadside belt marking surface 11 and the freezing marking surface 12 between the upper mounting member 60 and the lower mounting member 20 has a small influence on the torque. The lengths of the V-shaped plate member 15, the roadside belt marking surface 11, and the freezing marking surface 12 between the upper mounting member 60 and the lower mounting member 20 of the switching display means 10 can be increased.
[0028]
Next, the temperature responsive drive mechanism 29 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 11 to 13.
[0029]
The temperature responsive drive mechanism 29 of the present invention is formed by a moving member 40, compression springs 35 and 36 made of shape memory alloy, driving force assisting means 50, and the like.
[0030]
The moving member 40 is attached to the lower attachment member 20 as shown in FIG. Two guide projections 24 are formed on the upper surface of the lower mounting member 20, and a sliding washer 25 having a small contact resistance on the upper surface is fitted therein, and each guide projection 24 has a small outer peripheral contact resistance. The bush 26 is fitted, and a guide hole 42a and a guide hole 42c, which are long holes of the moving member 40, are fitted into the bush 26 to facilitate the linear movement of the moving member 40. Further, in order to prevent the bush 26 from being detached from each guide protrusion 24, each mounting screw 27 is screwed to each guide protrusion 24 to restrain the separation and movement parallel to the protruding direction of the guide protrusion 24.
[0031]
As shown in FIGS. 8, 12 and 13, one side of the moving member 40 in the length direction, that is, the moving holes 42A, 42B, which are formed by ellipses having a shape slightly larger than the guide holes 42a, 42c, Racks 41A, 41B, 41C, and 41D that mesh with pinions 14b (14bA, 14bB, 14bC, and 14bD) formed at the lower end of the lower end shaft 14a of the lower end member 14 are formed on the long sides of 42C and 42D. Therefore, the racks 41A, 41B, 41C, 41D are moved to the left and right by the left and right linear movement of the moving member 40 in the length direction, and the pinions 14bA, 14bB, 14bC, 14bD engaged with the racks 41A, 41B, 41C, 41D are moved. Rotates and turns the switching display means 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D. At this time, when the racks 41A, 41B, 41C, 41D move leftward in FIG. 13, the switching display means 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D rotate counterclockwise, and the racks 41A, 41B, 41C, 41D turn rightward in FIG. When moved, the switching display means 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D rotate clockwise.
[0032]
Hook portions 43, 44, 45, 46 are formed at right angles to the length direction of the moving member 40 and on both sides of the front and rear surfaces, and are arranged on the upper surfaces of the hook portions 43, 44 and the lower mounting member 20. Compression springs 35 and 36 made of a shape memory alloy are disposed between the pins 35a and 36a, and are contracted so as to narrow them. In addition, compression springs 30 and 31 having very little expansion / contraction characteristics due to temperature (very small linear expansion) are disposed between the hook portions 45 and 46 and the pins 30a and 31a disposed on the upper surface of the lower mounting member 20. It is contracted to narrow the gap between the two. Furthermore, the influence of the contraction force of the compression springs 35 and 36 made of a shape memory alloy is greater than the elastic force of the compression springs 30 and 31. Usually, the second low temperature set when the temperature of the compression springs 35, 36 made of this shape memory alloy is lowered is a temperature near the freezing point temperature of the compression springs 35, 36 made of this shape memory alloy. That is, it is set within the range of 0 to 3 ° C., although it is slightly different in the region. The first set temperature set at the time of temperature rise depends on the second set temperature of the compression springs 35 and 36, but depends on the temperature raised within the range of 2 to 5 ° C. determined by the hysteresis. Is set. Specifically, the elastic force of the compression springs 35 and 36 made of a shape memory alloy, for example, when the outside air temperature becomes 1 to 2 ° C. or lower and falls below the second set temperature, each turn portion reduces its compression density. It is deformed so as to be rough, and conversely, the outside air temperature becomes 4-5 ° C. or higher and rises above the second set temperature and the first set temperature, so that each turn part makes the compression density dense. It is memorized so as to be deformed.
[0033]
In the state shown in FIG. 13B, a compression spring made of a shape memory alloy when the outside air temperature drops from a high temperature to a predetermined second set temperature, for example, 1 to 2 ° C. or lower in this embodiment. 35 and 36 are deformed so as to make the compression density of each turn portion coarse, and together with the elasticity of the compression springs 30 and 31, the moving member 40 is urged to the left, and the switching display means 10A, 10B and 10C. , 10D rotate counterclockwise, and finally the frozen marking surfaces 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D are flush with the transparent plate 4a side of the housing 4 as shown in FIG.
[0034]
In the state of FIG. 13A, when the outside air temperature rises from a low temperature to a predetermined first set temperature, for example, a predetermined second set temperature of 1 to 2 ° C. and a temperature exceeding the hysteresis. In the present embodiment, the elastic force of the compression springs 35 and 36 made of a shape memory alloy concentrates the compression density of each turn portion more than the elastic force of the compression springs 30 and 31 that urge the moving member 40 leftward. Thus, the moving member 40 is urged to the right, and the switching display means 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D rotate clockwise, and finally, as shown in FIG. 13 (a). The roadside belt marking surfaces 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D are flush with the transparent plate 4a side of the housing 4.
[0035]
Therefore, when the temperature of the compression springs 35 and 36 made of a shape memory alloy is less than or equal to the freezing point temperature, the elastic force that moves the moving member 40 causes the compression springs 30 and 31 that urge the moving member 40 to move in the opposite direction. Weaker than elastic force. However, when the first set temperature, which is substantially higher than the freezing point temperature, is exceeded, the elastic force by which the compression springs 35 and 36 made of a shape memory alloy move the moving member 40 is compressed to urge the moving member 40 to move. It becomes stronger than the elastic force of the springs 30 and 31. Therefore, when it is below the freezing point temperature, it rotates until the left rotation is restricted, and the freezing marking surfaces 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D are flush with the transparent plate 4a side of the housing 4. When the temperature is no lower than the freezing point temperature, the roadside belt marking surfaces 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D are flush with the transparent plate 4a side of the housing 4 until the right rotation is restricted.
[0036]
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 11, the driving force assisting means 50 in the present embodiment is a left that restrains the left rotation that restrains the right rotation of the switching display means 10 fixedly installed on the upper surface of the lower mounting member 20. The rotation stopper 22L (22LA, 22LB, 22LC, 22LD) and the right rotation stopper 22R (22RA, 22RB, 22RC, 22RD), and the contact for restraining the left rotation protruding below the lower end member 14 of the switching display means 10 The protrusion 14c (14cA, 14cB, 14cC, 14cD) and the contact protrusion 14d (14dA, 14dB, 14dC, 14dD) that restrains the right rotation are formed. In the present embodiment, one left rotation stopper 22L (22LA, 22LB, 22LC, 22LD) and right rotation stopper 22R (22RA, 22RB, 22RC, 22RD) are permanent magnets, and the other abutting protrusion 14c. (14cA, 14cB, 14cC, 14cD) and the contact protrusion 14d (14dA, 14dB, 14dC, 14dD) are made of a ferromagnetic material such as iron. The magnetic force acting between the permanent magnets (the left rotation stopper 22L and the right rotation stopper 22R) and the ferromagnetic material (the contact protrusion 14c and the contact protrusion 14d) is applied to the switching display means 10 to the left. This acts as an auxiliary force for assisting the switching drive force by the compression springs 35 and 36 made of a shape memory alloy that gives the switching drive force in the clockwise and clockwise directions.
[0037]
The freeze display marker device 1 and the temperature responsive drive mechanism 29 of the present embodiment configured as described above operate as follows.
[0038]
The outside air temperature becomes the operable temperature of the compression springs 35 and 36 made of a shape memory alloy due to heat conduction, radiant heat, and the like of the housing 4. For example, when the outside air temperature reaches 4 to 5 ° C., which is the first set temperature exceeding the freezing point temperature, the compression springs 35 and 36 made of the shape memory alloy are contracted and deformed, and the elastic force of the other compression springs 30 and 31 is obtained. The moving member 40 is moved to the right in FIG. 13 by the elastic force of the compression springs 35 and 36. As a result, the switching display means 10 rotates about 120 degrees rightward from the state of FIG. 9B to the state of FIG. 9A, so that the roadside belt marking surface 11 and the surface of the housing 4 on the transparent plate 4 a side. Become. When the rotation of the switching display means 10 in the right direction starts, as shown in FIG. 14, the ferromagnetic body (contact protrusion 14d) of the temperature responsive drive mechanism 29 becomes a permanent magnet (both the left rotation stopper 22L and the right). Due to the compression springs 35 and 36 made of a shape memory alloy, the magnetic force between the ferromagnetic material and the permanent magnet acts strongly in inverse proportion to the square of the distance between them. Acting as an auxiliary force for assisting the clockwise switching driving force, the switching display means 10 is accelerated so that the rightward rotation of the switching display means 10 proceeds at a stroke, and finally the ferromagnetic body (contact protrusion 14d) and the permanent magnet. (The right rotation stopper 22R) abut against each other, and the rotation of the switching display means 10 in the right direction is terminated. At this time, the reflected light of the light of the headlight of an automobile or the like is reflected by the roadside belt marking surface 11 in the direction of the light source of the headlight. As a result, the driver can visually check the indications of “travel” and “caution” due to the presence of the roadside belt marking surface 11. As a result, the driver can travel while confirming the presence of the road edge by the presence of the roadside belt marking surface 11.
[0039]
In addition, when the outside air temperature drops below the freezing point temperature, in this embodiment, each turn of the compression springs 35 and 36 made of a shape memory alloy in which the second set temperature is stored at a temperature of 1 to 2 ° C. Therefore, the elastic force in the compression direction, that is, the elastic force for moving the moving member 40 in the right direction in FIG. 13 decreases at a temperature of 1 to 2 ° C. or less. Therefore, the elastic force in the compression direction of the compression springs 35 and 36 made of a shape memory alloy is smaller than the elastic force in the compression direction of the compression springs 30 and 31, and the compression springs 35 and 36 made of a shape memory alloy are It becomes weaker than the elastic force of the compression springs 30 and 31, expands, and the moving member 40 is moved to the left in FIG. 13 by the elastic force of the compression springs 30 and 31. As a result, the switching display means 10 rotates approximately 120 degrees from the state of FIG. 9A to the state of FIG. 9B, and the freezing marking surface 12 becomes the surface of the housing 4 on the transparent plate 4 a side. When the leftward rotation of the switching display means 10 starts, as shown in FIG. 14, the ferromagnetic body (abutment protrusion 14c) of the temperature responsive drive mechanism 29 becomes a permanent magnet (both the left rotation stopper 22L and the right). Of the compression springs 35 and 36 made of a shape memory alloy by gradually approaching the rotation stopper 22R), and the magnetic force between the ferromagnetic material and the permanent magnet acts strongly in inverse proportion to the square of the distance between the two. It acts as an auxiliary force that weakens the elasticity and assists the counterclockwise switching driving force by the compression springs 30 and 31, and is accelerated so that the leftward rotation of the switching display means 10 proceeds at a stroke. The body (contact protrusion 14c) and the permanent magnet (left rotation stopper 22L) contact each other, and the leftward rotation of the switching display means 10 is terminated. At this time, the reflected light of the light of the headlight of an automobile or the like is reflected by the freeze marking surface 12 in the direction of the light source of the headlight. As a result, the driver can visually confirm the indication of “freezing” and “caution” on the freezing marking surface 12. As a result, the driver can travel while confirming the freezing state of the road and the existence of the road edge by the presence of the freezing sign surface 12. In particular, the driver can confirm the frozen state of the road surface by recognizing the color of the retroreflected light, the shape of the reflecting surface, and the characters on the freezing sign surface 12.
[0040]
According to the present invention, the permanent magnet (the right rotation stopper 22R and the left rotation stopper 22L) and the ferromagnetic material (the contact protrusions 14c and 14d) forming the driving force assisting means 50 of the temperature responsive driving mechanism 29 are outside air. When the temperature is a predetermined temperature, i.e., 4 to 5 [deg.] C. of the first set temperature when displaying a driving caution, and when the temperature is 1-2 [deg.] C. or less of the second set temperature when displaying a caution for freezing At the time of the switching operation, an auxiliary force for assisting the switching driving force is applied to the switching display means 10 to the shape memory alloy or the like that applies the switching driving force, so that the display at a predetermined temperature corresponding to the freezing temperature of the switching display means 10 is provided. Can be switched quickly and automatically. Thereby, the freezing of the road surface which occurs in winter can be promptly notified to the driver or the road manager, and the safety of road traffic can be ensured.
[0041]
Further, as the driving force assisting means 50 installed in the temperature responsive driving mechanism 29 of the present invention, the moving part of the switching display means 10 consisting of the V-shaped plate material 15, the moving member 40, etc., and the housing 4 in the fixed state It is preferable to form a permanent magnet and a ferromagnet for applying a magnetic force between them. For example, as shown by a chain line in FIG. 13A, permanent magnets 51 may be provided at the left and right ends of the moving member 40, and a ferromagnetic stopper 52 may be fixed to the lower mounting member 20. As an arrangement form of the permanent magnet and the ferromagnetic material, in addition to the combination of the permanent magnet (right rotation stopper 22R and left rotation stopper 22L) and the ferromagnetic material (contact protrusions 14c and 14d), A permanent magnet may be provided on the moving member 40 side, and a corresponding ferromagnetic material may be provided on the housing 4 side. The magnitude of the magnetic force acting between the permanent magnet and the ferromagnetic material, the distance between the two, and the like are determined from the magnitude of the assisting force by the driving force assisting means 50, the position of the moving member 40 where the assisting force is required, and the like. It is good to be in an appropriate state according to the design standard.
[0042]
In the present embodiment, when the temperature becomes below the freezing temperature of the road surface, the freezing sign surface 12 which is the retroreflective surface of the switching display means 10 becomes a substantially vertical surface with respect to the road surface, and the freezing sign surface 12 recursively. What makes the driver recognize the reflection, and when the road surface becomes higher than the freezing temperature, the roadside band marking surface 11 which is the retroreflective surface of the switching display means 10 rotates about 120 degrees, and makes the driver recognize the retroreflection. However, when the present invention is carried out, the retroreflection of the roadside band marking surface 11 and the frozen marking surface 12 can be achieved by reversing the mounting of the compression springs 35, 36 and the compression springs 30, 31 made of shape memory alloy. The display can be reversed.
[0043]
Further, by using the difference in retroreflective display between the roadside signage surface 11 and the frozen signage surface 12 of this type, for example, the difference in the retroreflective surface can be expressed by the difference in graphics, such as colors, characters, and illustrations. it can. For example, as in the reference example showing the character display example in FIG. 4, the characters “Freeze Caution”, “Slip Caution” and “Frozen Road” are displayed. It can also be configured to be exposed. That is, when practicing the present invention, the retroreflective display of the roadside signage surface 11 and the frozen signage surface 12 is not limited to the coloring of the retroreflective surface, and characters may be formed on the surfaces. Alternatively, the shape of the retroreflective surface may be a figure meaning freezing.
[0044]
Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the switching display means 10 is assembled to the back cover 9 side constituting the housing 4 via the lower mounting member 20 and the upper mounting member 60, the assembling workability is improved. Good. However, when the present invention is implemented, the housing 4 can be assembled to the case body 8. In particular, the switching display means 10 is provided with the temperature responsive drive mechanism 29, the upper mounting member 60, and the lower mounting member 20 assembled and disposed on the flat back cover 9 side constituting the housing 4. The workability of attachment is good, and the characteristics after assembly can be easily confirmed.
[0045]
Although the temperature responsive drive mechanism 29 of each of the above embodiments does not detect a temperature of 0 ° C. or less, the freeze display marker device 1 installed about 0.8 to 1 m above the road surface detects the temperature. A good freezing temperature detection effect was obtained by setting the temperature slightly higher than the freezing temperature of the surface due to the temperature difference between the location and the surface. However, it can be set to 0 ° C. or can be set to 0 ° C. or less depending on the traffic volume, the area such as a mountainous area, the installation environment such as the type of road surface, and the time lag. In addition, the hysteresis temperature of the shape memory alloy was about 3 to 4 ° C., that is, the one that returned at 4 to 5 ° C., but this hysteresis temperature increased once the road surface was frozen. Even so, since the road surface temperature does not rise immediately and a time lag exists, it is corrected by this hysteresis temperature. For example, it is desirable to use the hysteresis temperature corresponding to the temperature rise between the road surface temperature that freezes at night and the freezing is released and the outside air temperature in the morning. The arrangement of the temperature responsive drive means in the housing 8 may be any, and preferably the lower part, the side part, the back part, and the upper part can be detected as locations where the outside air temperature can be detected with a reduced time lag.
[0046]
Moreover, the retroreflective surface in the case of implementing this invention can be formed as a small sphere, a prism surface, etc., and coloring with respect to reflected light can be implemented by coloring a reflective surface and using a transparent body as a colored transparent member. In addition, the retroreflection of the above embodiment is based on the assumption that the incident angle and the reflection angle are parallel as in the case of a transparent sphere, but in the case of carrying out the present invention, it does not mean narrow retroreflection. It is obvious that the incident angle and the reflection angle can be replaced with a mirror such as a mirror surface, and since there is no need for the incident angle and the reflection angle to be strictly parallel, This includes the case where most of the light is reflected as reflected light.
[0047]
By the way, the switching display means 10 of the above embodiment has a roadside belt marking surface 11 that is displayed when the temperature exceeds the first set temperature when the temperature rises, and the first set temperature when the temperature falls. Although it was composed of the frozen marking surface 12 displayed when the second set temperature at the low temperature was lowered, it can be arranged in reverse as described above, and the predetermined second set temperature and its Since it is determined by the setting of the hysteresis temperature, when the present invention is carried out, the roadside belt marking surface 11 displayed at a temperature equal to or higher than the predetermined first set temperature of the above embodiment is set as the first retroreflective surface, the predetermined The frozen marking surface 12 displayed when the temperature is lower than the second preset temperature can be the second retroreflective surface.
[0048]
In the above-described embodiment, the rack meshes with the compression springs 35 and 36 made of a shape memory alloy that obtains a driving force that is rotationally displaced by the temperature around a predetermined second set temperature, and the pinion 14b of the switching display means 10. The temperature responsive drive mechanism 29 formed by the moving member 40 having 41, the driving force assisting means 50, etc. switches the expansion and contraction of the compression springs 35, 36 to the rotation of the pinion 14b of the display means 10 and the rack 41 of the moving member 40. The temperature responsive drive mechanism 29 in the case of carrying out the present invention is a shape memory alloy that obtains a driving force that is rotationally displaced by a temperature around a predetermined second set temperature. Alternatively, a predetermined torque may be obtained with a shape memory alloy in a spiral shape, a spiral shape, or a leaf spring shape. Both are selected depending on temperature characteristics and responsiveness, but the number of parts may be small when a predetermined torque is obtained with a shape memory alloy wound in a spiral shape or a spiral shape. Of course, the shape memory alloy can also be used as a heat responsive means such as shape memory plastic or bimetal. Alternatively, the compression springs 30 and 31 may be omitted, and only the compression springs 35 and 36 made of a shape memory alloy may be used. However, if the shape memory alloy is used as in the above embodiment, the display contents can be rapidly switched near the freezing temperature of the road.
[0049]
In the upper mounting member 60 of the above-described embodiment, the upper display shaft 13a and the bearing which are located at the upper portion of the housing 4, make the switching display means 10 rotatable, and support the upper end of the switching display means 10. Although the upper support part which consists of the metal 62 and the sliding ring 63 is arrange | positioned, the sliding ring 63 can also be made into the ball bearing which a ball rolls on both surfaces. In other words, the upper support portion may be any member that can withstand the load of the switching display means 10 by surface contact with the upper mounting member 60 and rotatably support it.
[0050]
Further, in the lower mounting member 20 of the above embodiment, the lower end shaft 14a and the protrusion 21 which are located at the lower part of the housing 4 and support the lower end of the switching display means 10 and obtain the rotational force from the temperature responsive drive mechanism 29, In this embodiment, the lower end of the switching display means 10 is constrained so as not to move at right angles to its length direction, and temperature response is performed. What is necessary is just to have a structure which obtains rotational force from the drive mechanism 29. FIG.
[0051]
In the above embodiment, the case where the number of switching display means 10 is four has been described. Here, however, the compression springs 30 and 31 and the compression springs made of two shape memory alloys with respect to the lower mounting member 20 are used. The four switching display means 10 are rotated by means of 35 and 36. That is, the two switching display means 10 are rotated by a pair of the compression spring 30 and the compression spring 35 made of a shape memory alloy, the back cover 9 is horizontally long, and the upper mounting member 60 and the lower mounting member 20 are Only by setting the length and the length of the moving member 40 to the required length, the number, that is, the logarithm of the compression springs 30, 31 and the compression springs 35, 36 made of a shape memory alloy can be changed without changing the type. Since the size can be increased only by increasing, the temperature characteristics do not change due to the increase in size. Also at this time, the switching display means 10 is provided by assembling the temperature responsive drive mechanism 29, the upper mounting member 60, and the lower mounting member 20 on the flat back cover 9 side constituting the housing 4. The assembly workability is good, and the characteristics after the assembly can be confirmed, and the fine adjustment of the elastic strength of the compression springs 35 and 36 made of the compression springs 30 and 31 and the shape memory alloy can be easily performed. In particular, when displaying characters and the like in a larger size, the entire switching display means 10 operates in an interlocked manner, so that the overall appearance is improved, and the roadside signage surface 11 and the freezing signage surface 12 are simultaneously switched. , It looks good during its operation. Of course, a plurality of freeze display marker devices having a predetermined length can be used to switch and display the roadside belt marker surface 11 and the freeze marker surface 12 for each single character or character group.
[0052]
Further, as described above, since the change in load does not directly change the rotational frictional resistance of the switching display means 10 even if the length in the vertical direction is arbitrarily set, the length in the vertical direction is also set. It can be set arbitrarily, and as a result, a two-dimensional plane can be enlarged. Of course, by arranging the necessary rows such as 2 rows or 3 rows, the two-dimensional plane can be enlarged as a result.
[0053]
When the caution for freezing is expressed by characters, characters, or red, the moving member 40 is divided into pairs of a compression spring 30 and a compression spring 35 made of a shape memory alloy, and the compression spring 35 made of an adjacent shape memory alloy. By changing the temperature characteristic or the hysteresis characteristic, it is possible to sequentially switch the roadside band marking surface 11 and the freezing marking surface 12 in a predetermined direction. That is, it is possible to specify the directionality for performing sequential switching. Of course, even when the freezing display marking device is divided for each character, the roadside belt marking surface 11 and the freezing marking surface are sequentially formed in a predetermined direction by changing the temperature characteristic or hysteresis characteristic of the compression spring 35 made of a shape memory alloy. 12 can be switched.
[0054]
The switching display means 10 that is rotatably attached to the housing 4 of the above embodiment is a mode that rotates 120 degrees. However, when the present invention is implemented, the switching display means 10 is rotated. The rotation is not limited to 120 degrees. For example, in the case where it is attached to the housing 4 so as to be capable of rotating 120 degrees, the switching display means 10 becomes a substantially triangular prism, and even if the interval between the switching display means 10 is narrowed, interference with other switching display means 10 will not occur. By making the rotation angle 120 degrees, the amount of change in the shape memory alloy can be reduced, and if a large amount of change can be taken, the reliability can be improved accordingly.
[0055]
As described above, as the switching display means 10 of the above-described embodiment, the roadside belt sign surface 11 displayed above the predetermined first set temperature of the above-described embodiment is used as the first retroreflective surface, the predetermined first The frozen sign surface 12 displayed when the temperature falls below the set temperature of 2 is the second retroreflective surface. However, when the present invention is implemented, when the display surface is a large display surface, It is only necessary to maintain the retroreflective surface, and the roadside signage surface 11 displayed at a predetermined first set temperature or higher is described with various information such as road conditions, geographic guidance, local information, commercial information, etc. that are not frozen. By doing so, it is possible to clearly distinguish the display at the time of freezing from the display at other times. Further, the second retroreflective surface composed of the freezing marking surface 12 has one or more of some characters, graphics, and characters that call attention to freezing, and one or more of characters, graphics, and characters on the adjacent display board. Therefore, since the number of display characters does not increase, it is not necessary to enlarge the freezing display sign device.
[0056]
The freezing display sign device of the above embodiment is such that the upper support portion of the upper mounting member 60 is lowered vertically by the switching display means 10, but both sides of the switching display means 10 may be supported horizontally. The load burden due to the bearings can be halved and stable operation can be expected.
[0057]
Therefore, in this type of embodiment, the switching display means 10 only needs to be disposed between the side mounting members. Therefore, by increasing the number of the switching display means 10 in the vertical direction, an arbitrary length can be obtained. A first retroreflective surface and a second retroreflective surface composed of the roadside belt marking surface 11 can be formed. Further, since the weight of the switching display means 10 is supported at both ends of the switching display means 10, the load is divided into two, and even if the length of the switching display means 10 is increased, the contact friction resistance is long. Since it can be rotated without being greatly affected by the height and wear at the horizontally supported portion can be reduced, the length direction of the switching display means 10 can be lengthened. Therefore, it is possible to cope with a two-dimensional enlargement without increasing the displacement amount of the temperature responsive drive mechanism, that is, the drive energy of the compression spring 35 made of a shape memory alloy paired with the compression spring 30.
[0058]
【The invention's effect】
Since the temperature responsive drive mechanism of the present invention is configured and operates in this manner, the switching speed of the switching display means in the freezing display sign device is increased to switch the display at a predetermined temperature corresponding to the freezing temperature. It can be performed quickly and automatically, and it is possible to promptly notify the driver or road manager of the freezing of the road surface that occurs in winter and to ensure the safety of road traffic.
[0059]
  Specifically, when the driving force assisting means is in the operation of switching the outside air temperature to a predetermined temperature,A shape memory alloy that applies a switching driving force to the switching display means, and reverses the direction of the switching driving force depending on the temperature around a predetermined temperature.For shape memory alloys,Since the auxiliary driving force for assisting the switching driving force for switching the directions in the opposite directions is applied, the display can be switched quickly and automatically at a predetermined temperature corresponding to the freezing temperature of the switching display means.
[0060]
In addition, when the driving force assisting means is formed by disposing a permanent magnet and a ferromagnetic material for applying a magnetic force between the moving part of the switching display means and the fixed part of the freezing display marking device, the shape memory alloy When the switching operation of the switching display means is started, a magnetic force acts between the permanent magnet and the ferromagnetic material to provide an auxiliary force for assisting the switching driving force by the shape memory alloy, and the display of the switching display means Switching can be performed quickly and automatically.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a retroreflective operation state of a freezing display sign apparatus provided with a temperature responsive drive mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an attachment state of a freezing display sign device provided with a temperature responsive drive mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a use state of a freezing display marker device provided with a temperature responsive drive mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a front view showing an embodiment of a use state of a freezing display sign apparatus provided with a temperature responsive drive mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a rear view showing a housing of a freezing display sign apparatus provided with a temperature responsive drive mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the section line AA of FIG. 5, showing a housing of a freezing display sign apparatus provided with a temperature responsive drive mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic component development view of a freezing display sign apparatus provided with a temperature responsive drive mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a main part enlarged development view showing the mounting state of the switching display means of the freezing display marker apparatus provided with the temperature responsive drive mechanism according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the rotation operation of the switching display means of the freezing display sign apparatus provided with the temperature responsive drive mechanism according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view showing a mounting state of an upper mounting member of a freezing display sign apparatus provided with a temperature responsive drive mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10B is a lower mounting member. Sectional view showing the mounting state
11A is a plan view of the lower mounting member when the switching display means of the freezing display marker device according to the embodiment of the present invention is rotated to the right; FIG. 11B is a plan view of the switching display means left; A plan view of the lower mounting member when rotated, (c) is a front view of only the lower mounting member
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the mounting state of the moving member and the lower mounting member of the freezing display marker device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 (a) is an explanatory view showing the relationship between the moving member and the pinion of the freezing display sign apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, and shows the state in which the moving member has moved to the right; ) Is a diagram showing a state in which the moving member has moved leftward.
FIG. 14 is a plan view when the switching display means by the temperature responsive drive mechanism according to the embodiment of the invention is rotated to the right.
FIG. 15 is a plan view when the switching display means by the temperature responsive drive mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention is rotated to the left.
[Explanation of symbols]
4 Housing
4a Transparent plate
10 (10A to 10D) switching display means
11 (11A-11D) Roadside signage surface
12 (12A-12D) Freezing label surface
29 Temperature-responsive drive mechanism
30, 31 Compression spring
35, 36 Compression spring made of shape memory alloy
40 Moving member
50 Driving force assisting means

Claims (1)

凍結表示用標識装置に設置されている切り換え表示自在な切り換え表示手段に対して切り換え駆動力を付与する温度応動駆動機構であって、前記切り換え表示手段に切り換え駆動力を付与する形状記憶合金であり、所定温度を中心に温度によって前記切り換え駆動力の方向を逆に切り換える形状記憶合金と、この形状記憶合金の切り換え動作時における方向が逆に切り換わる前記切り換え駆動力をそれぞれの方向に補助する補助力を付与する駆動力補助手段とを有し、前記駆動力補助手段は、切り換え表示手段における移動部分と、凍結表示用標識装置の固定部分との間に、磁力を作用させる永久磁石と強磁性体とを配置して形成されていることを特徴とする温度応動駆動機構。A temperature-responsive drive mechanism that applies a switching driving force to a switching display means that can be switched and displayed on a freezing display marker device, and is a shape memory alloy that applies a switching driving force to the switching display means. A shape memory alloy that reverses the direction of the switching driving force depending on the temperature around a predetermined temperature, and an auxiliary that assists the switching driving force that reverses the direction during the switching operation of the shape memory alloy in each direction. have a driving force assist means for applying a force, the driving force assist means is ferromagnetic and moving parts in the switching display unit, between the fixed part of the freeze display label device, a permanent magnet working a magnetic force A temperature responsive drive mechanism characterized in that it is formed by arranging a body .
JP2000357478A 2000-11-24 2000-11-24 Temperature-responsive drive mechanism Expired - Fee Related JP4308420B2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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JP2000357478A JP4308420B2 (en) 2000-11-24 2000-11-24 Temperature-responsive drive mechanism
EP01309029A EP1211353A3 (en) 2000-11-24 2001-10-24 Temperature-responsively operated drive mechanism

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JP6114979B2 (en) * 2012-06-29 2017-04-19 奥村 修 Temperature-responsive display device
KR101338137B1 (en) 2012-07-05 2013-12-06 한국과학기술연구원 Actuator using shape memory alloy
JP2014038516A (en) * 2012-08-17 2014-02-27 Hayashi Bussan Co Ltd Vertically long traffic sign
RU184148U1 (en) * 2018-04-03 2018-10-17 Александр Анатольевич Собко COMPOSITE MATERIAL ROAD SIGN
CN114214979B (en) * 2021-12-21 2022-12-13 安徽省路桥工程集团有限责任公司 Multifunctional integrated rod piece for urban crossroads

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JP2521014B2 (en) * 1992-09-10 1996-07-31 修 奥村 Freezing display labeling device
JPH08151609A (en) * 1994-11-30 1996-06-11 Anritsu Corp Freezing alarm system
JP3338742B2 (en) * 1995-10-03 2002-10-28 積水樹脂株式会社 Cleaning structure of sign surface in sign object
JP3066566B2 (en) * 1996-01-30 2000-07-17 東京製綱株式会社 Freezing warning sign
JP2889545B2 (en) * 1997-01-06 1999-05-10 修 奥村 Marking device for freeze display
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