JP4306083B2 - silo - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a silo for storing a storage object made of cereal grains or processed products thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When storing storage items such as grains or processed products in the silo body, if the temperature inside the silo body is higher than the outside air temperature, condensation will occur on the inner wall surface of the silo body, and the dew condensation water will cover the silo body. There was a problem that the stored product was altered, rotted or fermented.
Therefore, recently, a silo configured to circulate and supply cold air of 0 to 5 ° C. into the silo body to suppress the temperature rise of the storage object and solve the above problem has been proposed and put into practical use. This type of silo also has a secondary effect that moisture is removed when the air in the silo body is cooled, so that the humidity in the silo body is reduced and condensation is prevented. ing.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when cold air of 0 to 5 ° C. is circulated and supplied, it is possible to prevent deterioration or decay of the stored items. Since a device and a blower are required, and the heat insulation structure of the silo body becomes large, the production cost of the silo increases and the running cost increases. For this reason, there was a problem that it was not profitable even if it was not stored with high added value.
[0004]
An object of the present invention is to provide a silo that can effectively utilize existing equipment, has a low running cost, and can effectively prevent alteration or decay of stored items.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present applicant pays attention to the fact that most of the alteration, rot and fermentation of the storage in the silo body occur near the upper surface of the storage, and as a result of earnestly examining the cause, the storage Condensation occurs on the inner wall surface of the silo body facing the unfilled space on the upper part of the silo body that is not filled, and this drops on the storage object as condensed water or descends along the inner wall surface of the silo body, It has been found that deterioration or decay of the storage object on the upper surface part occurs due to soaking into the storage object. Then, by ventilating the inside of the unfilled space, the present inventors have come up with the conclusion that the silo production cost and running can be suppressed and the occurrence of deterioration or decay of the storage object can be prevented.
[0006]
The silo according to claim 1 is for silo main body for storing a storage object made of cereals or processed products thereof, and for ventilating an unfilled space above the silo main body not filled with the storage object. An air intake duct for introducing outside air into the unfilled space, an exhaust duct for discharging the air in the unfilled space to the outside, and an air intake duct through the unfilled space to the exhaust duct And a ventilation means having a blower for forming a flow of air, the intake duct and the exhaust duct are assembled in the same manhole, and the opening of the intake duct and the opening of the exhaust duct are arranged in the height direction. Are opened in an unfilled space at intervals .
[0007]
In this silo, the unfilled space at the top of the silo body is ventilated and replaced with outside air to reduce the temperature difference between the unfilled space and the outside air, and condensation on the inner wall surface of the silo body facing the unfilled space Is prevented from occurring. For this reason, it becomes possible to prevent the quality change, rot, and fermentation of the storage object due to condensed water. In addition, such ventilation means for ventilating the unfilled space above the silo body can be easily applied to existing silos using a manhole for inspection, etc. Since air is not passed through the object, the airflow resistance is also small, so that a small blower with a small output can be adopted, and the manufacturing cost and running cost can be reduced and implemented at low cost.
When the present invention is applied to an existing silo, an inspection manhole or the like is used to assemble an intake duct or an exhaust duct. However, since the number of manholes is limited, the two ducts are the same. It is preferable to assemble a manhole. In addition, if the openings of both ducts are opened in the unfilled space with a gap in the height direction, the outside air that has flowed into the unfilled space from the intake duct will not be sufficiently circulated throughout the unfilled space. It is possible to sufficiently ventilate the unfilled space by preventing the air from being discharged from the exhaust duct.
[0008]
In the silo according to claim 2, the opening of the intake duct is opened at the lower part of the unfilled space, and the opening of the exhaust duct is opened at the upper part of the unfilled space. In this case, since fresh outside air supplied to the unfilled space from the intake duct is efficiently supplied to the upper surface of the storage object, the storage object on the upper surface can be kept dry, It is possible to effectively prevent deterioration or decay of stored items. In addition, since the intake duct and the exhaust duct are separated from each other in the vertical direction, and the opening of the exhaust duct is not located on the flow path of the outside air introduced from the intake duct to the unfilled space, the unfilled space from the intake duct It is possible to prevent the outside air that has flowed into the air from being exhausted from the exhaust duct in a short circuit without sufficiently flowing through the entire unfilled space, and to sufficiently ventilate the unfilled space.
[0010]
The silo according to claim 3 , wherein the other duct is disposed inside one of the exhaust duct and the intake duct, the opening of the inner duct is opened at a lower portion of the unfilled space, and the opening of the outer duct is formed. Is opened above the unfilled space. In this case, the exhaust duct and the intake duct can be arranged by effectively utilizing the limited space of the manhole. In addition, since the opening of the inner duct is opened at the lower part of the unfilled space and the opening of the outer duct is opened at the upper part of the unfilled space, the outside air flowing into the unfilled space from the intake duct is not It is possible to prevent the exhaust duct from being discharged in a short circuit without sufficiently flowing through the entire filling space, and to sufficiently ventilate the inside of the unfilled space. The duct arranged on the inner side may be an exhaust duct or an intake duct. However, since the inner duct is opened in the lower part of the unfilled space, new outside air is introduced to the upper surface of the storage object. In order to supply efficiently, it is preferable to arrange the intake duct on the inside and the exhaust duct on the outside.
[0011]
The silo according to claim 4 is configured such that the height of the opening of the duct that opens into the lower part of the unfilled space of the intake duct and the exhaust duct can be adjusted. The variation of the input amount of the reservoir for the silo body, since the height of the reservoir is varied, as claimed in claim 4, wherein, in accordance with the height of the reservoir, for example, opening of the duct and the reservoir It is preferable to increase the ventilation efficiency of the unfilled space by adjusting the height of the opening of the duct so that the distance between the upper surfaces of the objects is constant.
[0012]
The silo according to claim 5 is one in which the intake duct is opened so that the outside air supplied from the intake duct to the unfilled space flows along the inner wall surface of the silo body. In this case, it is possible to agitate the inside of the unfilled space with the outside air flowing in from the opening of the intake duct, and efficiently exchange the air in the entire unfilled space with the outside air.
[0013]
In the silo according to claim 6 , the output of the blower is set to an output in which the air in the unfilled space is ventilated at a rate of once or more in 2 minutes. When the output of the blower is low, sufficient ventilation is not performed and condensation occurs. Therefore, it is preferable that the air in the unfilled space is ventilated at a rate of once or more in 2 minutes.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the silo 1 includes a silo body 2 that stores a storage object A made of grains, processed products thereof, and the like, and a ventilation means 10 that ventilates an unfilled space 3 of the silo body 2. I have. However, since the plurality of silo bodies 2 are usually arranged in parallel, a plurality of silo bodies 2 are held by one ventilation means 10 and the necessary silo bodies 2 are attached to the necessary silo bodies 2 by opening / closing operations such as valves. On the other hand, outside air may be sequentially supplied.
[0015]
The silo body 2 basically includes a substantially cylindrical peripheral wall portion 4, a substantially conical conical portion (not shown) that is continuous with the lower end of the peripheral wall portion 4 and has a diameter reduced downward, and an upper end of the peripheral wall portion 4. It is comprised from the substantially disk-shaped upper wall part 5 which closes a part. A charging port 6 is formed in a substantially central portion of the upper wall portion 5, and a plurality of inspection manholes 7 are formed in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the upper wall portion 5. The silo body 2 is installed in a vertical posture through a plurality of pedestals (not shown) standing on the ground.
[0016]
1 and 2, the ventilation means 10 includes an intake duct 11 for introducing outside air into the unfilled space 3, and an exhaust duct 12 for discharging the air in the unfilled space 3 to the outside. And a blower 13 for forming an air flow from the intake duct 11 through the unfilled space 3 to the exhaust duct 12.
[0017]
The intake duct 11 and the exhaust duct 12 are assembled in the same manhole 7. The intake duct 11 and the exhaust duct 12 can be assembled in separate manholes, but are preferably assembled in the same manhole 7 so that they can be easily applied to existing silos with a small number of manholes. .
[0018]
The lower end opening 14 of the intake duct 11 and the lower end opening 15 of the exhaust duct 12 are opened in the unfilled space 3 with an interval in the height direction. When the intake duct 11 and the exhaust duct 12 are individually arranged in the manholes at separate positions, the outside air flowing in from the intake duct 11 is rarely discharged from the exhaust duct 12 in a short circuit, but the same manhole 7 When the two ducts 11 and 12 are disposed in the air duct, the unfilled space 3 may not be sufficiently ventilated due to a short circuit. Therefore, the lower end opening 14 of the intake duct 11 and the lower end opening 15 of the exhaust duct 12 are high. It is preferable to open at a position as far as possible in the direction.
[0019]
The lower end opening 14 of the intake duct 11 is opened in the lower part of the unfilled space 3, and the lower end opening 15 of the exhaust duct 12 is opened in the upper part of the unfilled space 3. With this configuration, fresh outside air supplied from the intake duct 11 can be supplied to the upper surface of the article A to be stored, and deterioration or decay of the article A can be prevented, and the intake duct 11 is not filled. It is preferable because the outside air supplied into the space 3 can be prevented from being discharged from the exhaust duct 12 in a short circuit.
[0020]
In summary, as shown in FIG. 1, both ducts 11, 12 are assembled in one manhole 7, the intake duct 11 is opened in the lower part of the unfilled space 3, and the exhaust duct 12 is placed in the upper part of the unfilled space 3. It is the most preferred embodiment to be disposed within.
[0021]
The intake duct 11 is provided with a hood 16 for preventing rainwater and the like from entering, and in the middle of the intake duct 11, in order to regulate the entry of dust, dirt, rats, insects, etc. into the silo body 2. The filter 17 is provided, and the outside air is purified by the filter 17 and introduced into the unfilled space 3.
[0022]
A blower 13 is connected to the exhaust duct 12 outside the silo body 2, and fresh air is introduced from the intake duct 11 by discharging the air in the exhaust duct 12 to the outside by the blower 13. Yes. However, a blower fan may be provided as a blower in the intake duct 11 outside the silo body 2 so that the outside air is sent into the intake duct 11 by the blower fan. The combination of the blower 13 and the blower fan is not used. The filling space 3 may be ventilated.
[0023]
The output of the blower 13 is set according to the size of the silo body 2 and the size of the unfilled space 3, but the air in the unfilled space 3 is ventilated at a rate of once or more in 2 minutes. It is preferable to select the output one. The blower 13 may be manually operated or automatically operated. In the case of automatically operating, the sensor may be operated periodically, or a sensor for measuring the temperature in the unfilled space 3 and the outside air temperature is provided, and the temperature in the unfilled space 3 is higher than the outside air temperature. It may be activated when it is high.
[0024]
In the silo 1, the air in the unfilled space 3 is discharged to the outside by the blower 13 through the exhaust duct 12, so that outside air is introduced from the intake duct 11 and the unfilled space 3 is ventilated. And since the outside air temperature is adjusted to be substantially the same as that of the unfilled space 3, the occurrence of condensation on the inner wall portion of the silo body 2 facing the unfilled space 3 is prevented, It can effectively prevent corruption.
[0025]
Next, another embodiment in which the configuration of the silo 1 is partially changed will be described.
(1) Like the ventilation means 10A shown in FIG. 3, the intake duct 11A is arranged inside the exhaust duct 12A, the lower end opening 15A of the exhaust duct 12A is opened into the upper part of the unfilled space 3, and the intake duct 11A The lower end opening 14 </ b> A may be opened in the lower portion of the unfilled space 3. In this case, the opening areas of both the ducts 11A and 12A are preferably set to be the same, but may be set to different cross-sectional areas. Further, the intake duct 11A may be disposed at the center of the exhaust duct 12A or may be disposed at an eccentric position. Furthermore, a partition wall may be provided inside the duct to constitute an exhaust duct and an intake duct. In the ventilation means 10A having such a configuration, the ducts 11A and 12A can be arranged by fully utilizing the space inside the manhole 7, so that the cross-sectional areas of the ducts 11A and 12A can be set as large as possible.
In addition, the intake duct 12A and the exhaust duct 12B are disposed inside and outside, the lower end opening of the intake duct is opened in the upper part of the unfilled space 3, and the lower end opening of the exhaust duct is placed in the lower part of the unfilled space 3. Although it is possible to open, fresh outside air can be blown more effectively against the article A to be stored.
[0026]
(2) As in the intake duct 11B shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in order to increase the agitation of the air in the unfilled space 3 and increase the ventilation efficiency, the outside air flowing in from the intake duct 11B in the unfilled space 3 As shown by an arrow in FIG. 4, it is preferable to form the lower end opening 14B of the intake duct 11B so as to wind a vortex. Specifically, as shown in the figure, a bent portion 20 extending in the circumferential direction of the silo body 2 is formed at the lower end portion of the intake duct 11B, and an opening portion 14B is formed in the bent portion 20, or the intake duct. The lower end of 11 and 11A is closed and an opening part is formed in a side surface.
[0027]
(3) The intake duct 11, 11A, 11B is divided into two upper and lower parts and is connected to extend and contract, and an actuator including a cylinder or an electric motor for driving to extend and contract is provided. Accordingly, the length may be adjusted so that the lower end opening of the intake duct and the lower end opening of the exhaust duct are separated as much as possible. For example, the intake duct may be expanded and contracted so that the distance between the lower end opening of the intake duct and the upper surface of the storage object is constant. In addition, when opening an exhaust duct to the lower part of the unfilled space 3, an exhaust duct is comprised so that it can expand-contract.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
According to the silo according to the first aspect, the temperature difference between the inside of the unfilled space and the outside air is reduced by providing a ventilation means having a simple configuration with respect to the silo body, and the silo body facing the unfilled space is reduced. Generation | occurrence | production of the dew condensation on an inner wall surface can be prevented, and the quality change, decay, and fermentation of the to-be-stored item by dew condensation water can be prevented. In addition, such ventilation means for ventilating the unfilled space above the silo body can be easily applied to existing silos using a manhole for inspection, etc. Since air is not passed through the object, the airflow resistance is also small, so that a small blower with a small output can be adopted, and the manufacturing cost and running cost can be reduced and implemented at low cost.
Moreover, since the intake duct and the exhaust duct are assembled in the same manhole, it can be applied without difficulty to an existing silo having a small number of manholes. Furthermore, since the opening of the intake duct and the opening of the exhaust duct are opened in the unfilled space with a space in the height direction, the outside air flowing into the unfilled space from the intake duct is exhausted in a short circuit. Ventilation efficiency in the unfilled space can be improved by preventing discharge from the duct.
[0029]
When the opening of the intake duct is opened at the lower part of the unfilled space and the opening of the exhaust duct is opened at the upper part of the unfilled space, the outside air supplied from the intake duct to the unfilled space is formed. Can be efficiently supplied to the upper surface of the article to be stored, and alteration or decay of the article to be stored can be prevented. In addition, since the intake duct and the exhaust duct are separated from each other in the vertical direction, and the opening of the exhaust duct is not located on the flow path of the outside air introduced from the intake duct to the unfilled space, the unfilled space from the intake duct It is possible to prevent the outside air that has flowed into the air from being exhausted from the exhaust duct in a short circuit, and to sufficiently ventilate the unfilled space.
[0031]
When the other duct is arranged inside one of the exhaust duct and the intake duct as described in claim 3 , the exhaust duct and the intake duct are arranged by efficiently utilizing the limited space of the manhole. Is possible. If the opening of the inner duct is opened at the lower part of the unfilled space and the opening of the outer duct is opened at the upper part of the unfilled space, the outside air flowing into the unfilled space from the intake duct is short-circuited. Ventilation efficiency in the unfilled space can be improved by preventing discharge from the exhaust duct.
[0032]
If the opening part of the duct opened in the lower part of the unfilled space of the intake duct and the exhaust duct is configured to be height-adjustable as described in claim 4 , the duct is adjusted according to the height variation of the storage object. Since the height position can be adjusted, the ventilation efficiency of the unfilled space can be increased.
[0033]
As described in claim 5 , when the intake duct is opened so that the outside air supplied from the intake duct to the unfilled space flows along the inner wall surface of the silo body, the air in the entire unfilled space is efficiently exchanged with the outside air. It can be exchanged.
[0034]
As described in claim 6 , if the ventilation capacity of the blower is set so that the air in the unfilled space is ventilated once or more in 2 minutes, the occurrence of condensation can be effectively prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Fig. 1] Overall configuration diagram of the upper half of the silo [Fig. 2] Longitudinal sectional view in the vicinity of the ventilation means [Fig. 3] Vertical sectional view in the vicinity of the ventilating means in other configurations [Fig. Explanatory diagram showing the flow of air [Fig. 5] Perspective view near the lower end of the intake duct [Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Silo 2 Silo main body 3 Unfilled space 4 Surrounding wall part 5 Upper wall part 6 Input port 7 Manhole 10 Ventilation means 11 Intake duct 12 Exhaust duct 13 Blower 14 Lower end opening 15 Lower end opening 16 Hood 17 Filter 10A Ventilation means 11A Intake duct 12A Exhaust duct 14A Lower end opening 15A Lower end opening 11B Intake duct 14B Lower end opening 14B Opening 20 Bent part A Stored item

Claims (6)

A silo body for storing storage items made of grains and processed products thereof,
Ventilation means for ventilating an unfilled space in the upper part of the silo body not filled with the storage object, the intake duct for introducing outside air into the unfilled space, and the air in the unfilled space A ventilation means having an exhaust duct for discharging to the outside, and a blower for forming a flow of air from the intake duct through the unfilled space to the exhaust duct;
With
The silo characterized in that the intake duct and the exhaust duct are assembled in the same manhole, and the opening of the intake duct and the opening of the exhaust duct are opened in an unfilled space with a space in the height direction .   The silo according to claim 1, wherein an opening of the intake duct is opened at a lower portion of the unfilled space, and an opening of the exhaust duct is opened at an upper portion of the unfilled space. The other duct is arranged inside one of the exhaust duct and the intake duct, the opening of the inner duct is opened to the lower part of the unfilled space, and the opening of the outer duct is opened to the upper part of the unfilled space. The silo according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The silo according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a height of an opening of a duct that opens into a lower portion of an unfilled space of the intake duct and the exhaust duct is adjustable. The silo according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein an intake duct is opened so that outside air supplied from the intake duct to an unfilled space flows along an inner wall surface of the silo body. The silo according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the output of the blower is set to an output in which air in the unfilled space is ventilated at a rate of once or more in 2 minutes.

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