JP4305660B2 - Thermal cutting machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a thermal cutting processing apparatus, and more particularly to a thermal cutting processing apparatus having a function of sucking and removing dust containing fumes, spatters, and the like generated during processing of a workpiece.

Conventionally, when a workpiece is cut by a laser processing apparatus, an assist gas is sprayed at the same time as irradiating a laser beam toward a processing portion. At that time, dust containing fume, spatter, etc. is generated from the processing location, and such dust adversely affects the health of workers on the site, and if dust enters the surrounding drive part, the laser processing equipment Cause malfunction.
Therefore, conventionally, a dust collector for sucking dust generated during processing of a workpiece has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1).
JP-A-1-317697

In the dust collector of Patent Document 1, a plurality of elongated partition chambers are formed by a plurality of parallel partition plates on the processing table, and air is supplied from one side of a specific partition chamber to be processed by the processing head into the partition chamber. At the same time as the supply, gas and dust generated from the processing location are sucked together with air from the other side.
However, in the dust collector of Patent Document 1, since the distance from the side position of the compartment to the machining location by the machining head is long, it takes time to suck the gas and dust from the compartment. was there. In addition, there is a drawback in that the suction of gas and dust is insufficient when the processing portion by the processing head extends over adjacent compartments.

In view of the circumstances described above, the present invention provides a machining table for placing a workpiece, a machining head for injecting a heat source onto the workpiece, and an X-axis direction movement for moving the machining table in a horizontal X-axis direction. In a thermal cutting apparatus comprising a means and a Y-axis direction moving means for moving the processing head in a horizontal Y-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis direction, and performing a required processing on a workpiece,
Divided into a plurality of compartments in the horizontal direction by a partition plate the space in the lower side of the mounting surface of the workpiece is provided in parallel with the Y-axis direction in the processing table, Y-axis direction central side of each compartment In addition, a supply port for supplying gas into each partition chamber is formed, and a discharge port for discharging gas from each partition chamber is formed on the side in the Y-axis direction in each partition chamber. Gas supply means for supplying gas to the chamber, and gas suction means for sucking gas from the discharge port of the compartment, wherein the gas suction means is an extension of the movement line of the processing head, and each compartment A suction port is arranged at an adjacent position, and when the processing table is moved in the X-axis direction, a discharge port of a specific compartment that is below the processing position of the workpiece communicates with the suction port, Gas in a specific compartment It is obtained so as to pull.

  According to the above-described configuration, it is possible to suck and remove dust quickly and accurately from the compartment below the machining location as compared with the conventional case.

1 to 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a laser processing apparatus as a thermal cutting processing apparatus, and a plate-like workpiece W placed on a processing table 2 is formed into a required shape by laser light. Can be cut into pieces.
The laser processing apparatus 1 includes the processing table 2 on which the workpiece W is placed and moved in the X-axis direction on the horizontal plane by the X-axis direction moving means 3, and is orthogonal to the X-axis direction across the processing table 2. A portal frame 4 provided in the Y-axis direction of the horizontal plane, a machining head 6 attached to the horizontal portion 4A of the portal frame 4 and moved in the Y-axis direction by the Y-axis direction moving means 5, and a laser beam And a laser oscillator 7 that oscillates. Furthermore, the laser processing apparatus 1 has a gas suction device 8 attached to the horizontal portion 4A of the portal frame 4 and dust generated on the upper side of the workpiece W when the workpiece W is processed by the processing head 6. 8 can be sucked.
The operations of the moving means 3 and 5 and the laser oscillator 7 are controlled by a control device (not shown). When the laser oscillator 7 is actuated by the control device, the laser beam is irradiated toward the processing portion of the workpiece W via the processing head 6 and the processing portion of the workpiece W is applied from the lower end of the processing head 6. Assist gas can be sprayed towards. Further, the machining head 6 can be moved up and down by an elevating means 11, and the operation of the elevating means 11 is also controlled by a control device.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the processing table 2 is formed in a rectangular frame shape as a whole by a pair of long side members 12 parallel to the X axis direction and short side members 13 parallel to the Y axis direction. Yes. The members 12 and 13 constituting the processing table 2 are provided on a frame-like support frame 14. The support frame 14 is attached to a pair of guide rails 15 arranged in the X-axis direction by the X-axis direction moving means 3. It is supposed to be moved along. As shown in FIG. 2, the long side member 12 has a vertically long cross section and is hollow inside, and the internal space of the long side member 12 is configured as an intermediate passage 16.
As shown in FIG. 2, six square bar-shaped support members 17 having a plurality of notches parallel to the Y-axis direction are arranged at predetermined inner positions surrounded by the members 12 and 13. At the same time, a plurality of plate-like members 18 are arranged in parallel with the X-axis direction by being inserted into the notches of the support members 17. On the upper part of the plate-like member 18, a number of sharp protrusions are formed at equal intervals in the X-axis direction so as to have the same height. In addition, the support member 21 of the retractable type is arranged at a required position in the support member 17. A rotatable ball is attached to the tip of the support member 21. 3 shows a plan view of the processing table 2 in a state where the support member 17, the plate-like member 18, and the support member 21 are omitted.

A mounting surface that supports the workpiece W is configured by the upper end of the protrusion provided on each plate member 18, and a clamp mechanism 22 is provided on one side of the processing table 2 in the X-axis direction. One side of the workpiece W supported by the plate-like member 18 is held and fixed by the clamp mechanism 22.
When placing the workpiece W on the processing table 2 (protruding portion of the plate-like member 18) or when discharging the processed product from the processing table 2, the support members 21 are rotated, A ball provided at the tip of the support member 21 is protruded upward from the protruding portion of the plate-like member 18. When the workpiece W or the finished product is moved in the horizontal direction on the support member 21 in that state, the ball provided at the tip of the support member 21 rotates, so that the workpiece is processed on the processing table 2. The article W or the product can be easily supplied and discharged. In addition, when processing the workpiece W, each support member 21 is reversed so that the ball provided at the tip of the support member 21 is retracted downward from each plate-like member 18. During processing, the workpiece W is supported by the plate-like member 18 and is fixed to a predetermined position by the clamp mechanism 22.

Then, the control device irradiates the processing portion of the workpiece W with laser light from the processing head 6 and blows assist gas to start cutting the workpiece W. By controlling the operation of the means 3 and 5, the machining head 6 and the machining table 2 are relatively moved in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction on the horizontal plane, so that the workpiece W on the machining table 2 has a required shape. It can be cut.
By the way, as described above, when the workpiece W is cut by the laser processing apparatus 1, dust containing fumes, spatters, and the like is generated from the processing portion of the workpiece W. Therefore, in the laser processing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, a dust collecting device 23 for sucking such dust is provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the dust collector 23 includes a total of 16 compartments C <b> 1 to C <b> 16 formed in a space in the processing table 2 that is below the plate-like members 17 and 18. Two sirocco fans 24, 24 for supplying air to the compartments C1-C8 and C9-C16, two suction ducts 25, 25 attached to the portal frame 4, and these suction ducts 25, 25 And a dust collector 26 for sucking gas from each of the compartments C1 to C16 (see FIG. 1). Note that the dust collector 26 may not be provided, and an exhaust blower may be provided.

As will be described in detail later, since the supply port 27 is opened in each of the compartments C1 to C16, when both the sirocco fans 24, 24 are operated, the pipes 28, 28 and both supply passages in the X-axis direction to be described later are provided. Air is fed simultaneously into the compartments C1 to C8 and C9 to C16 via 31 and 32 (see arrows shown in FIG. 3). Moreover, each compartment C1-C16 faces the inner side discharge port 33 drilled in the inner surface of the long side member 12 (refer FIG. 5), and this inner side discharge port 33 is the internal space of the long side member 12. It is possible to communicate with the suction ducts 25, 25 through the mediation passages 16, 16 provided on the outer side and the outer discharge port 34 formed in the outer side surface of the long side member 12.
When the specific partition chamber in each of the partition chambers C1 to C16 is positioned below the processing head 6 as the processing table 2 is moved in the X-axis direction (for example, the partition chamber C1 or C9 in FIG. 3). An outer discharge port 34 corresponding to the specific compartment communicates with the suction duct 25. At that time, the air in the specific compartment is sucked by the dust collector 26 through the suction duct 25.

  Thus, in this embodiment, when a specific compartment is located below the machining head 6, that is, below the machining position of the workpiece W, air is supplied from the supply port 27 to the specific compartment. Simultaneously with the feeding, air is sucked from the compartment by the dust collector 26 via the suction duct 25. Thereby, the dust generated at the processing position of the workpiece W can be sucked and removed by the dust collector 26 together with the fed air.

The dust collector 23 will now be described in detail. First, the compartments C1 to C16 formed in the processing table 2 will be described.
A pipe member 35 having a triangular cross section is attached in parallel to both the long side members 12 of the processing table 2 and over the central portions of the short side members 13 and 13 in the Y-axis direction, and the inclined plates 35A and 35B of the pipe member 35 are attached. Are divided into one-side compartments C1 to C8 and other-side compartments C9 to C16. The internal space of the pipe member 35 is divided into one side and the other side by a plate-like member 36 parallel to the X-axis direction. One side is a supply passage 31 and the other side is a supply passage 32.
An inclined plate 37 is connected to the lower inner side surface of one long side member 12 so that the outer side is higher, and an inclined plate 38 is connected to the lower inner side surface of the other long side member 12 so that the outer side is higher. is doing.
Then, a mountain-shaped inclined plate 41 is attached to a position that divides the short side members 13, 13 into four equal parts across the inclined plate 37 on one side and the inclined plate 35A on the central side, and both short side members 13 are disposed. An inclined plate 42 is attached to the lower part of the inner side surface so that the outer side becomes higher. Similarly, a mountain-shaped inclined plate 41 is attached to a position that divides the short side members 13 and 13 into four equal parts across the other inclined plate 38 and the central inclined plate 35B, and both short sides are arranged. An inclined plate 42 is attached to the lower part of the inner side surface of the member 13 so that the outer side becomes higher.
Thereby, the bottom side of the processing table 2 is divided into eight rectangular boxes whose bottoms are narrowed by the inclined plates 35A, 35B, 37, 38, 41, 42. Furthermore, the partition plate 43 is provided on the top of the angled inclined plate 41, and the partition plate is arranged in parallel with the Y-axis direction at an intermediate position between the short side member 12 and the partition plate 43 and an intermediate position between the adjacent partition plates 43. 44 is provided to form 16 compartments C1 to C16.

  In this way, each of the compartments C1 to C16 is formed in a shape in which the lower side is narrowed, and the opening on the bottom side is closed by a detachable closing member 45 so that dust does not leak out (FIG. 2). reference). Further, the cut pieces and the remaining material of the workpiece W dropped during the processing by the processing head 6 are gathered on the closing member 45 by the inclined plates 35A, 35B, 37, 38, 41, and 42, and after the processing is finished, the closing member 45 can be removed and the remaining material and cut pieces can be collected.

Next, the sirocco fans 24 and 24 for feeding air into the respective compartments C1 to C16 are arranged adjacent to one short side member 13 on the processing table 2, and these sirocco fans 24 and 24 are provided. The operation is controlled by a control device (not shown). The control device operates both the sirocco fans 24, 24 before the operation of the laser oscillator 7, and sets both the sirocco fans 24, 24 to the extent that dust does not remain during the processing by the processing head 6 and after the processing by the processing head 6. It is designed to operate.
When both sirocco fans 24, 24 are operated, air is supplied to both supply passages 31, 32 via the pipes 28, 28, and the air supplied to the insides is supplied from each supply port 27 to each compartment. It is supplied from C1 to C16 toward the side portion from the center side.
Then, the air fed into the compartments C1 to C8 flows along the closing member 45 and then is guided upward along the inclined plate 37 which is a position opposite to each supply port 27. Yes. Similarly, the air fed into the compartments C9 to C16 flows along the closing member 45 and then is guided upward along the inclined plate 38 which is the position opposite to each supply port 27. ing. As described above, the gas supply means includes the sirocco fans 24 and 24, the pipes 28 and 28, and the supply passages 31 and 32 provided in the processing table 2.
In the present embodiment, two sirocco fans are provided. However, air may be supplied to the supply passages 31 and 32 by one sirocco fan, and the sirocco fan is provided in each compartment C1. One unit may be provided for each C16.

Moreover, as above-mentioned, the inside of both the long side members 12 which comprise the process table 2 is formed in hollow, and the internal space of both the long side members 12 is the suction chamber 25 mentioned later with the compartments C1-C16, Intermediary passages 16 and 16 with 25 are used.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 to 6, two inner discharge ports 33 are provided at positions higher than the inclined plates 37 and 38 at positions facing the compartments C <b> 1 to C <b> 16 on the inner surface of each long side member 12. Has been drilled. In addition, two outer discharge ports 34 are formed at positions on the outer side of the long side members 12 so as to be lower than the inner discharge port 33.
On the other hand, the suction ducts 25, 25 are horizontally attached to the inner surfaces of the left and right columnar portions 4B of the portal frame 4 according to the height of the outer discharge ports 34 formed in the long side members 12. Yes. The inner surfaces of the suction ducts 25, 25 are arranged as close as possible to the outer surfaces of the long side members 12 that are adjacent positions.

Each of the left and right suction ducts 25 has a long hole 46 as a suction port extending in the X-axis direction on the inner side surface. The longitudinal centers of the long holes 46 of both the suction ducts 25, 25 are provided at positions on the extension of the movement line L1 when the processing head 6 is moved in the Y-axis direction. A maximum of four outer discharge ports 34 provided on the outer surface of the side member 12 are formed over a range that can be superposed at once.
Therefore, when the processing table 2 is moved in the X-axis direction by the X-axis direction moving means 3, any one of the outer discharge ports 34 at positions corresponding to the one-side compartments C1 to C8 is connected to one suction duct. Any one of the outer discharge ports 34 at positions corresponding to the other compartments C9 to C16 overlap with the long hole 46 of the other suction duct 25 and communicate with each other. Yes.
Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the brush 47 is attached to the inner side surface of the suction duct 25 so as to surround the edge of the long hole 46 of the suction duct 25, and both ends of the long hole 46 on the inner side surface of the suction duct 25. The adjacent part of the part is closed to be a closed part 25 </ b> A, and the closed part 25 </ b> A is also surrounded by the brush 47 in a rectangular shape.
Thus, when any of the outer discharge ports 34 overlaps with the long holes 46 of the suction ducts 25 and 25 and communicates with each other, the outer discharge port 34 overlapped with the long holes 46 is surrounded by the brush 47. At the same time, the outer discharge port 34 at the adjacent position that is not overlapped with the long hole 46 is closed by the closing portion 25A and the brush 47 at that position so as not to suck unnecessary air.
The other ends of the suction ducts 25 are connected to the dust collector 26, and the operation of the dust collector 26 is controlled by a control device. Thus, the gas suction means comprises the dust collector 26 and both suction ducts 25, 25.

When the laser oscillator 7 is operated by the control device, that is, during the cutting process, the dust collector 26 and both sirocco fans 24, 24 are operated, and air is supplied from both sirocco fans into all the compartments C1 to C16. Are being supplied all at once.
In this state, when the processing table 2 and the processing head 6 move relative to each other and a specific compartment is located on the lower side of the processing head 6, the outer discharge port 34 of the specific compartment is connected to each suction duct 25. The long hole 46 is polymerized and communicated therewith. Therefore, in the specific compartment on the lower side, which is a processing place by the processing head 6, air is supplied from the supply port 27, and at the same time, the air in the specific compartment is also sent to the inner discharge port 33, the mediation passage 16, the outer discharge. It passes through the suction duct 25 from the outlet 34 and is sucked into the dust collector 26 (see the arrow in FIG. 3).
When air is sucked from the specific compartment by the dust collector 26, both the sirocco fans 24 and 24 and the dust collector are set so that the flow velocity of air at the position of the inner discharge port 33 is 0.3 to 0.5 m / s. 26 operating speed is adjusted.
As described above, the dust collector 23 supplies air into the compartments C1 to C16 from the supply port 27 on the central side of the processing table 2 and at the same time, the compartments C1 to C16 corresponding to the processing places by the processing head 6. The air in a specific compartment is sucked. That is, the dust generated at the processing location as a result of processing is pressed to the side by air supplied from the center side of the processing table 2 in a specific compartment, and the suction duct provided on the side of the processing table 2 It is sucked through 25.
Further, when the upper side of the pipe member 35 located on the center side is a machining location as in the machining head 6 shown in FIG. 2, the dust generated during the machining is an assist gas jet flow from the machining head 6. At the same time, the inclined surface of the inclined plate 35A flows toward the supply port 27. And the dust which flowed to the vicinity of the supply port 27 is attracted | sucked as mentioned above, after being pulled by the airflow currently supplied from the supply port 27 into the compartment.

  In this way, dust can be quickly sucked from a specific compartment on the lower side of the cutting portion. Therefore, even if it is a laser processing apparatus provided with the large sized process table 2, it becomes possible to attract | suck and remove the dust which generate | occur | produces from a cutting process location efficiently. Note that the sirocco fans 24 and 24 and the dust collector 26 are operated for a while after the cutting by the processing head 6 is completed, so that dust remaining near the processing location after the processing is completed can be sucked. ing.

In the embodiment described above, the machining table 2 moves in the X-axis direction and the machining head 6 moves in the Y-axis direction. However, the machining table 2 does not move and only the machining head 3 moves to the X-axis direction. In the case of a laser processing apparatus that performs cutting by moving in the axial direction and the Y-axis direction, the suction ports of the suction ducts 25 and 25 provided on the side of the processing table 2 are used to move the processing head 6 in the X-axis direction. It is only necessary to move together.
In addition, an on-off valve that opens and closes each supply port 27 opened in each of the compartments C1 to C16 is provided to open each supply port of a specific compartment that is being cut and to open the other compartments other than the cutting place. Each supply port may be closed.
Moreover, although the said Example demonstrated the case where this invention was applied to the laser processing apparatus, this invention is applicable also to thermal cutting processing apparatuses, such as a plasma cutting and a gas cutting.

The front view of the laser processing apparatus which shows one Example of this invention. Sectional drawing of the principal part which follows the II-II line | wire of FIG. The top view which abbreviate | omitted a part of the process table along III-III of FIG. The front view of the principal part of FIG. Sectional drawing of the principal part in alignment with the VV line | wire of FIG. The front view of the principal part which follows the VI-VI line of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Laser processing apparatus (thermal cutting processing apparatus) 2 ... Processing table 3 ... X direction moving means 5 ... Y direction moving means 6 ... Processing head 25 ... Suction duct 26 ... Dust collector 27 ... Supply port 33 ... Inner discharge port 34 ... Outer side Discharge port W ... Workpiece C1-C16 ... Division room

Claims (1)

A machining table for placing a workpiece; a machining head for injecting a heat source onto the workpiece; an X-axis direction moving means for moving the machining table in a horizontal X-axis direction; In a thermal cutting processing apparatus provided with a Y-axis direction moving means for moving in a horizontal Y-axis direction orthogonal to the direction, and performing a required processing on a workpiece,
Divided into a plurality of compartments in the horizontal direction by a partition plate the space in the lower side of the mounting surface of the workpiece is provided in parallel with the Y-axis direction in the processing table, Y-axis direction central side of each compartment In addition, a supply port for supplying gas into each partition chamber is formed, and a discharge port for discharging gas from each partition chamber is formed on the side in the Y-axis direction in each partition chamber. Gas supply means for supplying gas to the chamber, and gas suction means for sucking gas from the discharge port of the compartment, wherein the gas suction means is an extension of the movement line of the processing head, and each compartment A suction port is arranged at an adjacent position, and when the processing table is moved in the X-axis direction, a discharge port of a specific compartment that is below the processing position of the workpiece communicates with the suction port, Gas in a specific compartment Thermal cutting device, characterized in that the pull.

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