JP4304788B2 - Color imaging device - Google Patents

Color imaging device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4304788B2
JP4304788B2 JP28445499A JP28445499A JP4304788B2 JP 4304788 B2 JP4304788 B2 JP 4304788B2 JP 28445499 A JP28445499 A JP 28445499A JP 28445499 A JP28445499 A JP 28445499A JP 4304788 B2 JP4304788 B2 JP 4304788B2
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Prior art keywords
color
signal
pixel
memory
solid
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JP2001112010A (en
Inventor
健二 田中
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Sony Corp
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Sony Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、例えばCCDより成る固体撮像素子の前面に例えば補色フィルタを設けた単板式のカラー撮像装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
一般にCCDより成る固体撮像素子の前面に画素に対応して例えばR(赤),G(緑),B(青)の所定順に配列された色フィルタを設けた単板式のカラー撮像装置が提案されている。
【0003】
斯る前面に色フィルタが設けられたCCDより成る固体撮像素子においては、一般にCCDより成る固体撮像素子のダイナミックレンジが比較的狭く、入射光により飽和する画素が生じ、この画素が飽和したときにはその画素に対応する輝度信号が潰れ、色信号は色相がまわる不都合があった。
【0004】
一般に色信号の色相が、まわることは許容できないため、従来は画素が飽和すると、この画素に対応する色を消すようにしていた。この色を消すことは画質を劣化することとなる不都合があった。
【0005】
本発明は斯る点に鑑み画素の飽和による画質の劣化を改善することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明カラー撮像装置は、所定の色フィルタと、この色フィルタを介して被写体光が入射される固体撮像素子と、固体撮像素子からの画素信号を色分離して各色の画素信号を夫々記憶する各色メモリとを有し、この各色メモリよりの各色の画素信号を使用して、カラー映像信号を生成するようにしたカラー撮像装置であって、各色の画素信号を夫々各色メモリに記憶するときに、各色の画素信号のレベルが固体撮像素子の画素の飽和レベルに達しているかどうかを検出し、飽和レベルに達している色の画素信号については、該色の周辺に位置する異なる色の画素信号を使用して近似し、該近似した画素信号を、飽和レベルに達している色の画素信号に代えて記憶するようにしたことを特徴とする。
【0007】
本発明によれば、飽和した画素よりの画素信号を周辺の異なる色の画素信号を使用して近似し、この飽和レベル以上の近似した画素信号を使用して、カラー映像信号を得るようにしたので、実質的にダイナミックレンジが拡がったこととなり、画素の飽和による画質の劣化を改善することができる。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照して本発明カラー撮像装置の実施の形態の例につき説明しよう。図1は本例によるカラー撮像装置を示す。この図1において、1はレンズ系を示し、このレンズ系1よりの被写体光を色フィルタ2を介してCCD(電荷転送装置)より成る固体撮像素子3に入射する如くする。
【0009】
この色フィルタ2としては、例えば図2に示す如くCCDより成る固体撮像素子3の画素に対応して補色フィルタYe(イエロー),Cy(シアン),G(グリーン),Mg(マゼンタ)の4色が所定順に配列された補色フィルタを使用する。
【0010】
この補色フィルタYe,Cy,G,Mgの分光透過特性は図3に示す如く、各々の色Ye,Cy,G,Mgの重なりが多いため、自己以外の色信号を使用し、自己の信号レベルを近似することができる。
【0011】
この補色フィルタYe,Cy,G,Mgの近似解Ye−cal,Cy−cal,G−cal,Mg−calの例としては次式に示す如きものがある。
【0012】

Figure 0004304788
【0013】
この場合、補色フィルタYe,Cy,G,Mgの分光透過特性が決まれば、このマトリックス式(1)のマトリックス係数が決まる。
【0014】
例えば、図4Aに示す如く、Yeの画素信号のレベルが固体撮像素子3の画素の飽和レベルV0 (ダイナミックレベル)以上であり、この飽和画素の周辺のCyの画素信号、Gの画素信号、Mgの画素信号が図4Aに示す如きレベルの場合、この飽和画素の画素信号の飽和レベル以上のレベルの近似画素信号レベルYe−calを図4Bに示す如く、
Ye−cal=Mg+2G−Cy
で求めることができる。その他近似解Cy−cal,G−cal,Mg−calも同様にして求めることができる。
【0015】
このCCDより成る固体撮像素子3の出力信号をリセット雑音を軽減する相関二重サンプリング回路4及びアナログ信号をデジタル信号に変換するA−D変換回路5を介して色分離回路6に供給する。
【0016】
この色分離回路6の出力側に得られる分離されたYe信号,Cy信号,G信号及びMg信号を夫々メモリ7のYeメモリ7a,Cyメモリ7b,Gメモリ7c及びMgメモリ7dに夫々供給して記憶する如くする。
【0017】
この場合、本例においては、このYe信号,Cy信号,G信号及びMg信号を夫々Yeメモリ7a,Cyメモリ7b,Gメモリ7c及びMgメモリ7dに供給するときに、これらの信号レベルが固体撮像素子の画素の飽和レベルV0 に達しているかどうかを検出する。そして、これらの信号レベルが固体撮像素子の画素の飽和レベルV0 に達しているときには、この飽和レベルV0 に達している信号を画素信号レベル近似解回路8により、上述マトリックス式(1)の計算を行って、飽和レベル以上のレベルの近似解Ye−cal,Cy−cal,G−cal,Mg−calを求める。このようにして求めた近似解Ye−cal,Cy−cal,G−cal,Mg−calを上記飽和レベルV0 に達している信号の代わりに、対応するYeメモリ7a,Cyメモリ7b,Gメモリ7c,Mgメモリ7dに記憶するようにする。
【0018】
このYeメモリ7a,Cyメモリ7b,Gメモリ7c及びMgメモリ7dに記憶したYe信号,Cy信号,G信号及びMg信号を所定の順序で信号処理回路9に供給する。
【0019】
この信号処理回路9はマトリックス回路等より成り、メモリ7より供給されるYe信号,Cy信号,G信号及びMg信号より所望のカラー映像信号を生成し、この生成されたカラー映像信号を映像信号出力端子10に供給する如くする。
【0020】
この場合この信号処理回路9に供給されるYe信号,Cy信号,G信号及びMg信号の対応する画素が飽和しているときには、その飽和している画素に対応する信号はマトリックス式(1)に従って周辺の異なる色の画素信号を使用して飽和レベルV0 以上のレベルの近似解信号に置き代えられこの近似解信号を使用してカラー映像信号を得る如くしている。
【0021】
本例のカラー撮像装置において、その他の回路は従来と同様に構成する。
【0022】
本例によれば、上述した如く、固体撮像素子3の飽和した画素よりの画素信号を周辺の異なる色の画素信号を使用して式(1)により計算して飽和レベル以上のレベルの近似解を得、この飽和レベル以上のレベルの近似解の画素信号を使用して、カラー映像信号を得るようにしたので、実質的にダイナミックレンジが拡がったこととなり、画素の飽和による画質の劣化を改善することができる。
【0023】
尚、本発明は上述例に限ることなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱することなく、その他種々の構成が採り得ることは勿論である。
【0024】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば撮像素子の飽和した画素よりの画素信号を周辺の異なる色の画素信号を使用して近似し、この飽和レベル以上のレベルの近似した画素信号を使用して、カラー映像信号を得るようにしたので、実質的にダイナミックレンジを拡大したこととなり画素の飽和による画質の劣化を改善することができる利益がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明カラー撮像装置の実施の形態の例を示す構成図である。
【図2】色フィルタの例を示す線図である。
【図3】図2の色フィルタの分光透過特性を示す線図である。
【図4】本発明の説明に供する線図である。
【符号の説明】
1‥‥レンズ系、2‥‥色フィルタ、3‥‥固体撮像素子、6‥‥色分離回路、7a‥‥Yeメモリ、7b‥‥Cyメモリ、7c‥‥Gメモリ、7d‥‥Mgメモリ、8‥‥画素信号レベル近似解回路、9‥‥信号処理回路[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a single-plate color image pickup apparatus in which, for example, a complementary color filter is provided on the front surface of a solid-state image pickup element made of, for example, a CCD.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
In general, there has been proposed a single-plate type color imaging apparatus in which color filters arranged in a predetermined order, for example, R (red), G (green), and B (blue) corresponding to pixels are provided on the front surface of a solid-state imaging device composed of a CCD. ing.
[0003]
In such a solid-state image pickup device comprising a CCD provided with a color filter on the front surface, in general, the dynamic range of the solid-state image pickup device comprising a CCD is relatively narrow, resulting in a pixel saturated by incident light. The luminance signal corresponding to the pixel is crushed, and the color signal has a disadvantage that the hue is changed.
[0004]
In general, since the hue of the color signal cannot be tolerated, conventionally, when a pixel is saturated, the color corresponding to the pixel is erased. Disabling this color has the disadvantage of degrading image quality.
[0005]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of this point, the present invention has an object to improve image quality deterioration due to pixel saturation.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The color imaging device of the present invention stores a pixel signal of each color by color-separating a predetermined color filter, a solid-state imaging device on which subject light is incident through the color filter, and a pixel signal from the solid-state imaging device. A color imaging device that generates a color video signal using a pixel signal of each color from each color memory, and stores the pixel signal of each color in each color memory. , Detecting whether or not the level of the pixel signal of each color has reached the saturation level of the pixel of the solid-state imaging device, and for the pixel signal of the color that has reached the saturation level, the pixel signal of a different color located around the color And the approximated pixel signal is stored in place of the pixel signal of the color that has reached the saturation level .
[0007]
According to the present invention, a pixel signal from a saturated pixel is approximated by using pixel signals of different colors in the vicinity, and a color video signal is obtained by using an approximated pixel signal equal to or higher than the saturation level. As a result, the dynamic range is substantially expanded, and image quality degradation due to pixel saturation can be improved.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the color imaging device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a color imaging apparatus according to this example. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a lens system, and subject light from the lens system 1 is made incident on a solid-state image pickup device 3 composed of a CCD (charge transfer device) through a color filter 2.
[0009]
As the color filter 2, for example, four colors of complementary color filters Ye (yellow), Cy (cyan), G (green), and Mg (magenta) corresponding to the pixels of the solid-state imaging device 3 made of a CCD as shown in FIG. Are used in a predetermined order.
[0010]
As shown in FIG. 3, the spectral transmission characteristics of the complementary color filters Ye, Cy, G, and Mg have a large overlap of the colors Ye, Cy, G, and Mg. Can be approximated.
[0011]
Examples of the approximate solutions Ye-cal, Cy-cal, G-cal, and Mg-cal of the complementary color filters Ye, Cy, G, and Mg include the following equations.
[0012]
Figure 0004304788
[0013]
In this case, if the spectral transmission characteristics of the complementary color filters Ye, Cy, G, and Mg are determined, the matrix coefficient of the matrix formula (1) is determined.
[0014]
For example, as shown in FIG. 4A, the level of the Ye pixel signal is equal to or higher than the saturation level V 0 (dynamic level) of the pixel of the solid-state imaging device 3, and the Cy pixel signal, G pixel signal around the saturated pixel, When the Mg pixel signal has a level as shown in FIG. 4A, an approximate pixel signal level Ye-cal that is equal to or higher than the saturation level of the pixel signal of the saturated pixel is shown in FIG.
Ye-cal = Mg + 2G-Cy
Can be obtained. Other approximate solutions Cy-cal, G-cal, and Mg-cal can be obtained in the same manner.
[0015]
The output signal of the solid-state imaging device 3 composed of the CCD is supplied to the color separation circuit 6 through a correlated double sampling circuit 4 for reducing reset noise and an A / D conversion circuit 5 for converting an analog signal into a digital signal.
[0016]
The separated Ye signal, Cy signal, G signal and Mg signal obtained on the output side of the color separation circuit 6 are supplied to the Ye memory 7a, Cy memory 7b, G memory 7c and Mg memory 7d of the memory 7, respectively. Remember.
[0017]
In this case, in this example, when the Ye signal, the Cy signal, the G signal, and the Mg signal are supplied to the Ye memory 7a, the Cy memory 7b, the G memory 7c, and the Mg memory 7d, respectively, these signal levels are solid-state imaging. It is detected whether the saturation level V 0 of the pixel of the element has been reached . When these signal levels reach the saturation level V 0 of the pixel of the solid-state imaging device, the signal reaching the saturation level V 0 is converted by the pixel signal level approximate solution circuit 8 according to the matrix equation (1). Calculation is performed to obtain approximate solutions Ye-cal, Cy-cal, G-cal, and Mg-cal at levels equal to or higher than the saturation level . The approximate solutions Ye-cal, Cy-cal, G-cal, and Mg-cal thus obtained are replaced with the corresponding Ye memory 7a, Cy memory 7b, and G memory instead of the signal that has reached the saturation level V 0. 7c and Mg memory 7d .
[0018]
The Ye signal, Cy signal, G signal and Mg signal stored in the Ye memory 7a, Cy memory 7b, G memory 7c and Mg memory 7d are supplied to the signal processing circuit 9 in a predetermined order.
[0019]
The signal processing circuit 9 is composed of a matrix circuit or the like, generates a desired color video signal from the Ye signal, Cy signal, G signal and Mg signal supplied from the memory 7, and outputs the generated color video signal as a video signal. Supply to the terminal 10.
[0020]
In this case, when the corresponding pixels of the Ye signal, Cy signal, G signal and Mg signal supplied to the signal processing circuit 9 are saturated, the signal corresponding to the saturated pixel is in accordance with the matrix equation (1). The pixel signals of different colors in the periphery are used and replaced with the approximate solution signal having a level equal to or higher than the saturation level V 0, and a color video signal is obtained using the approximate solution signal.
[0021]
In the color imaging apparatus of this example , the other circuits are configured in the same manner as in the prior art.
[0022]
According to this example, as described above, the pixel signal from the saturated pixel of the solid-state imaging device 3 is calculated by the equation (1) using pixel signals of different colors in the periphery, and the approximate solution of the level above the saturation level is calculated. Since the color image signal is obtained using the pixel signal of the approximate solution above the saturation level, the dynamic range has been substantially expanded, and the deterioration of image quality due to pixel saturation is improved. can do.
[0023]
Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples, and various other configurations can be adopted without departing from the gist of the present invention.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the pixel signal from the saturated pixel of the image sensor is approximated using pixel signals of different peripheral colors, and the color image signal is obtained using the approximated pixel signal of a level equal to or higher than the saturation level. As a result, the dynamic range is substantially expanded, and there is an advantage that deterioration of image quality due to pixel saturation can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of an embodiment of a color imaging apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a color filter.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing spectral transmission characteristics of the color filter of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Lens system, 2 ... Color filter, 3 ... Solid-state image sensor, 6 ... Color separation circuit, 7a ... Ye memory, 7b ... Cy memory, 7c ... G memory, 7d ... Mg memory, 8 ... Pixel signal level approximate solution circuit, 9 ... Signal processing circuit

Claims (1)

所定の色フィルタと、前記色フィルタを介して被写体光が入射される固体撮像素子と、前記固体撮像素子よりの画素信号を色分離して各色の画素信号を夫々記憶する各色メモリとを有し、前記各色メモリよりの各色の画素信号を使用して、カラー映像信号を生成するようにしたカラー撮像装置であって、
前記各色の画素信号を夫々前記各色メモリに記憶するときに、前記各色の画素信号のレベルが前記固体撮像素子の画素の飽和レベルに達しているかどうかを検出し、
前記飽和レベルに達している色の画素信号については、該色の周辺に位置する異なる色の画素信号を使用して近似し、該近似した画素信号を前記飽和レベルに達している色の画素信号に代えて記憶するようにしたことを特徴とするカラー撮像装置。
A predetermined color filter; a solid-state image sensor on which subject light is incident through the color filter; and color memories that separate the pixel signals from the solid- state image sensor and store the pixel signals of the respective colors. A color imaging device that generates a color video signal by using a pixel signal of each color from each color memory ;
When each pixel signal of each color is stored in each color memory, it is detected whether the level of the pixel signal of each color has reached the saturation level of the pixel of the solid-state image sensor,
The pixel signal of the color that has reached the saturation level is approximated using pixel signals of different colors located around the color, and the approximated pixel signal is the pixel signal of the color that has reached the saturation level A color imaging apparatus characterized in that it is stored in place of .
JP28445499A 1999-10-05 1999-10-05 Color imaging device Expired - Fee Related JP4304788B2 (en)

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