JP4295014B2 - Greenhouse frame structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a frame structure of a greenhouse for growing vegetables, flowers, fruit trees and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Traditionally, greenhouses have been used as buildings to produce vegetables, flowers, fruit trees, etc., regardless of climatic conditions. This greenhouse has a structure in which the cultivation space is covered with a solar permeable covering material for the purpose of adjusting environmental factors such as temperature, light, and moisture.
[0003]
The greenhouse can be roughly divided into a glass greenhouse and a plastic house depending on the covering material. As shown in FIGS. 9 (A) to (C), the former glass greenhouse is formed on the roof surface and the side surface with a frame having a cross-sectional shape such as a double roof type, a single roof type, and a three quarter type. 10 (A) to (B) below, and the latter plastic house has a round roof type, both roofs, as shown in FIGS. It is a greenhouse having a structure in which a framework is configured with a cross-sectional shape such as a roof mold and the outer surface thereof is covered with a plastic film (see Patent Document 2 below).
[0004]
As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the conventional greenhouse structure has a so-called ramen structure in cross section, and the side column interval (front span) is about 6 to 9 m, about 15 m at the maximum. It is.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-25683 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-113074
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The installation cost of the greenhouse is directly reflected in the shipping price of vegetables, flowers and fruit trees. Therefore, in order to produce these cultivated products at a low price or to increase the profit rate, it is strongly desired to reduce the cost of the greenhouse and improve the planting efficiency, that is, to improve the installation area, as well as the conventional greenhouse structure. In the case of, there was a problem that the floor height was low and the humidity and temperature were high in summer, forcing work in a harsh environment.
[0007]
On the other hand, when considering the conventional greenhouse structure from a design point of view, in the case of a greenhouse with a general size, its own weight is relatively light, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the structural material are not determined by the vertical load due to its own weight, but are The cross-sectional dimension is determined by the bending moment due to the load. As a result, the entire frame-shaped frame structure consisting of side columns and beams resists lateral loads such as wind loads, and the frontage span is about 15m at maximum due to economic limitations. However, there is a problem that the structural member becomes large, the foundation becomes too large, the price increases, and the structure becomes unsuitable for a greenhouse.
[0008]
Therefore, the main problem of the present invention is that the frame member can be reduced in cross section, or if the frame member has the same cross section, the front span can be expanded, and the unit price per square meter can be reduced. It is to provide a greenhouse structure that can improve the planting area by expanding the greenhouse space, and can improve the working space by expanding the greenhouse space.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, as the present invention according to claim 1, in a greenhouse composed of a frame and a solar radiation-permeable covering material covering the space in the frame,
The frame is a composite column structure in which side columns arranged on both sides are integrally assembled by connecting two columns arranged in parallel in the front-end cross section with a connecting material such as an oblique material and / or a horizontal material. And the main beam spanned between the composite columns is a beam member that is inclined obliquely downward from the approximate top of each composite column toward the center of the frontage and joined in the middle. A frame structure is provided.
[0010]
In the present invention of the claim 1 Symbol mounting, the side pillars are respectively arranged on both sides, by a connecting member of a plurality of columns arranged in parallel to the frontage direction in the cross section like diagonals and / or horizontal member It is a composite pillar structure that is assembled integrally. This composite column is a structure that can resist a lateral load such as a wind load alone, and as will be demonstrated in an experimental example to be described later, the frame member can be reduced in cross section, and the frame member If the cross section is the same, the frontage span can be enlarged.
[0011]
In addition, the composite column alone resists a lateral load such as a wind load, and the beam member does not become a lateral load resistance member. Therefore, even if the height of the greenhouse is raised, the cross-sectional dimension is not increased. Therefore, the height of the building can be increased without increasing the cost, and the working environment can be improved. In the case of a rigid frame structure, the beam member also serves as a lateral load resistor, so that increasing the height of the building increases the cross-sectional force, leading to an increase in cross-sectional dimension.
[0012]
Further, since the beam structure is inclined downward from the side column, it is possible to reduce the wind load due to blowing up and to reduce the sectional force generated in each member.
[0013]
As the present invention according to claim 2, wherein the composite pillars, relatively pillars height of the column located outside positioned relatively inside height claim 1 Symbol placement are lower than the greenhouse A frame structure is provided.
[0014]
As the present invention according to claim 3 , in the composite column, the height of the column located relatively outside is made lower than the height of the column positioned relatively inside, and the top portion and the inside column of the outside column Frame structure of the greenhouse according to claim 1 Symbol mounting a top are bonded by the curve beams is provided.
[0015]
The frame structure of the greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a ventilation window or an openable / closable opening is formed on a beam surface connecting the outer column and the inner column of the composite column as the present invention according to claim 4. Is provided.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0017]
[First embodiment]
1 is a side view of a greenhouse 1 according to the present invention, FIG. 2A is a view taken along the line IIA-IIA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is a view taken along the line IIB-IIB in FIG.
[0018]
The greenhouse 1 includes a frame 2 composed of pipes, H-shaped ropes, square steel pipes, C-shaped steel materials, and the like, and a solar permeable covering material 3 stretched on the outer surface of the frame so as to cover the space inside the frame. It consists of Since the greenhouse 1 according to this embodiment is a plastic house, a plastic film is used as the solar permeable covering material 3. Specifically, a hard film such as a polyester film or a fluorine film, or a soft film such as a polyolefin film such as a vinyl chloride film or a polyethylene film is used.
[0019]
Similarly to the conventional greenhouse 1, a plurality of horizontal connecting members 6 in which face members composed of intermediate face members 4, 4... And end face members 5, 5 are arranged along the horizontal direction (longitudinal direction). , 6..., But the cross-sectional structures of the intermediate face material 4... And the end face material 5.
[0020]
Hereinafter, in detail, as shown in FIG. 2 (A), the intermediate face member 4 has side pillars 7 and 7 respectively disposed on both side portions thereof in the cross section in the frontage direction (in the cross section). The two columns 7A and 7B arranged in parallel with each other are formed into a composite column structure in which the diagonal members 8, 8... And / or the horizontal members 9, 9. The composite column 7 is a structural type in which two columns arranged in a cross section can be a compression material or a tension material and can resist a lateral load such as a wind load, and thus, like a ramen structure. Without relying on the overall structure of the frame, the structure alone resists lateral loads such as wind loads.
[0021]
At the same time, the main beam 10 spanned between the composite columns 7 and 7 is a beam member which is inclined obliquely downward from the substantially top of each composite column toward the center of the frontage and joined in the middle. . Since the roof surface is inclined downward from the composite pillars 7 and 7, the tensile force is mainly resisted against the vertical load, so that the bending moment generated in the beam material can be reduced. In addition to being able to plan, the main beam 10 in the central part has a downward slope from the composite column 7, so that it is possible to reduce the wind load due to blowing up and reduce the sectional force generated in each member. become able to.
[0022]
Further, in the composite column 7, the height of the column 7A positioned relatively outside is made lower than the height of the column 7B positioned relatively inside, and the outer column 7A and the inner column 7B are curved. The structure is a combination of beams 11. By making the inner column 7B higher, the vertical load due to its own weight causes the tensile force of the main beam 10 positioned on the center side across the inner column 7B and the curved beam 11 positioned on the outer side to be balanced and balanced. Since the structure handles stress, the bending moment due to its own weight can be reduced, and the curved beam 11 allows the wind to flow smoothly and eddy currents hardly occur. The design wind pressure can be reduced as the value becomes smaller, and the wind load can be reduced.
[0023]
The outer column 7A and the curved beam 11 may be a continuous and integral member. In this example, the top of the outer column 7A and the top of the inner column 7B are connected by the curved beam 11, but may be connected by a straight beam.
[0024]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2 (B), the end face member 5 has the same structure cross section and basic structure as the intermediate face member 4 described above, but in addition to this, the studs 12.12. The entrance / exit part is provided at a predetermined location. In addition, the wife pillar, the wife beam, the duck, etc. for forming the entrance / exit part are omitted from the drawing.
[0025]
In this greenhouse 1, the side of the composite pillar 7 is the greenhouse structure where the height of the building is structurally the highest. Therefore, it is necessary to form a ventilation window or an openable / closable opening for the composite pillar 7 in terms of ventilation efficiency. Would be desirable. In the case of a greenhouse structure where the central part is the highest as in the past, it was necessary to adopt a complicated structure type in order to improve ventilation efficiency, such as installing a flip-up type ventilation window in the ridge part However, in the case of the present greenhouse structure, the position where the height of the building is high becomes the side wall surface or the inclined surface of the side wall, and it becomes possible to provide a simple ventilation window and an openable / closable opening. As the opening / closing type opening, as shown in FIG. 3, it is desirable to provide a hoisting type ventilation device 20 on the curved beam 11 surface in order to reduce the cost.
[0026]
(Other examples)
(1) In the intermediate face member 4, the main beam 10 is a beam member having a span between the composite columns 7 and 7. However, the intermediate beam may be provided at one or a plurality of intermediate positions.
[0027]
(2) As shown in FIG. 1, the foundation of the greenhouse 1 is a continuous foundation in which the footing portions are continuous in the longitudinal direction, but each pillar may be a completely independent foundation.
[0028]
[ Reference form example]
Next, the greenhouse 1A according to the reference embodiment shown in FIG. 4 has a side pillar one side 7 having a composite pillar structure, and the other side pillar 13 has a single pillar structure having a height lower than that of the composite pillar. This is a greenhouse having a structure in which a main beam 14 is bridged between the composite pillar 7 and the single pillar 13. In contrast to the first embodiment, when the frontage span is small, the greenhouse structure of this embodiment is adopted. In the illustrated example, a reinforcing beam 15 extending in the horizontal direction from the composite pillar 7 and coupled to the main beam 14 is provided. The reinforcing beam 15 may be applied to the first embodiment.
[0029]
Since the portions other than those described above are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.
[0030]
【Example】
In this example, for the frame structure model of the greenhouse according to the present invention and the conventional ramen structure model with the same frontage span, the weight and wind load are loaded respectively, and the sectional force generated in each member is calculated. The two were compared by calculating the cross-sectional dimensions commensurate with the cross-sectional force.
[0031]
(1) Frame structure model according to the present invention As shown in Fig. 5 (A), the frame structure model of the greenhouse according to the present invention has a frontage span of 30m (inner span is 24m), and the composite pillars on both sides are As shown in Fig. 5 (B), a dead load (self weight) + dead load (self weight) + wind as shown in Fig. 5B. Analysis was performed on two cases when a load was loaded. The bending moment diagram is shown in FIG. 6 and the cross-sectional dimensions of the pipe calculated by the bending moment of the main beam are also shown.
[0032]
(2) Ramen structure model As shown in Fig. 7 (A), the ramen structure model is loaded with a dead load (self-weight) as shown in Fig. 7 (B) on the structure model with a frontage span of 30m. The analysis was performed on two cases, when the dead load (self-weight) + wind load was loaded. The bending moment diagram is shown in FIG. 8, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the pipe calculated by the bending moment of the main beam are also shown.
[0033]
(3) Results In the case of the frame structure model according to the present invention, the maximum bending moment of the main beam is 1.20 t · m at dead load; 1.20 t · m at dead load + wind load; In contrast to φ139.8 × 6mm, in the case of the rigid frame model, the maximum bending moment of the main beam is -6.25t · m at dead load; 4.23t · m at dead load + wind load; The required cross-sectional dimension was φ318.9 × 9mm. From this result, in the case of the frame structure model according to the present invention, it was proved that the sectional force can be significantly reduced and the required sectional dimension can be reduced.
[0034]
For reference, as a result of back-calculating a frame structure model in which the cross-sectional dimension of the beam is φ139.8 × 6 mm, the frontage span was 6 m.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the cross-section of the frame member, and it is possible to increase the frontage span if the frame member has the same cross-section. As a result, the unit price per square meter can be lowered, and the planted area can be improved in the same price range by expanding the frontage span. Furthermore, since the height of the building can be increased, the work space can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a greenhouse 1 according to the present invention.
2A is a view taken along the line IIA-IIA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is a view taken along the line IIB-IIB in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of a composite pillar 7 part.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a greenhouse 1A according to a reference embodiment.
5A is a frame structure model diagram according to the present invention, and FIG. 5B is a load diagram.
FIG. 6 is a bending moment diagram of a frame structure model according to the present invention.
7A is a model diagram of a ramen structure, and FIG. 7B is a load diagram.
FIG. 8 is a bending moment diagram of a rigid frame structure model.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a glass greenhouse.
FIG. 10 is an example of a plastic house format.
[Explanation of symbols]
[0036]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Greenhouse, 2 ... Frame, 3 Solar radiation permeable covering material, 4 ... Intermediate surface material, 5 ... End surface material, 6 ... Horizontal connection material, 7 ... Composite pillar, 7A ... Outer pillar, 7B ... Inner pillar, 8 ... diagonal material, 9 ... horizontal material, 10 ... main beam, 11 ... curved beam, 12 ... stud, 13 ... single column

Claims (4)

In a greenhouse composed of a frame and a solar permeable covering material covering the space inside the frame,
The frame is a composite column structure in which side columns arranged on both sides are integrally assembled by connecting two columns arranged in parallel in the front-end cross section with a connecting material such as an oblique material and / or a horizontal material. And the main beam spanned between the composite columns is a beam member that is inclined obliquely downward from the approximate top of each composite column toward the center of the frontage and joined in the middle. Frame structure. Wherein the composite pillars, relatively pillars height of the column located outside positioned relatively inside height claim 1 Symbol placement are lower than the greenhouse Frame structure. In the composite column, the height of the column positioned relatively outside is made lower than the height of the column positioned relatively inside, and the top of the outer column and the top of the inner column are joined by a curved beam. greenhouse Frame structure according to claim 1 Symbol placement is Te. The frame structure of the greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a ventilation window or an openable / closable opening is formed on a beam surface connecting the outer column and the inner column of the composite column.

Images