JP4291252B2 - A device to prevent the opening of a ship's hold. - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ship opening prevention device for a clay ship that transports earth and sand loaded from a predetermined port facility or dredger to a predetermined place for land reclamation or revetment foundation work.

  A conventional clay ship has a fixed hull part and a pair of left and right oscillating hull parts that are swingably attached to the fixed hull part. The device swings the pair of swinging hull parts away from each other and opens the bottom of the ship from its center line.After discharging the sand and sand, the pair of swinging hull parts is reversed in the direction opposite to that when discharging. The ship bottom is closed by swinging (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In addition, some conventional ship carriers are composed of a pair of left and right swinging hulls, and the bottom of the ship is opened and closed by the same opening and closing device.

JP-A 64-009095

  However, some conventional ship carriers are not equipped with an anti-opening device (lock device) that prevents the left and right rocking hull parts from opening after the bottom of the ship is closed by the hold opening / closing device. In this case, there is a tendency that the center of the ship bottom opens somewhat, and particularly when earth and sand are loaded, the tendency becomes remarkable and there is a problem that the earth and sand gradually drop from the ship bottom opening.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and provides a highly reliable ship opening prevention device for a clay ship that can reliably prevent the opening of the ship bottom after the ship bottom is closed. It is intended to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, among the present inventions, the invention described in claim 1 is an apparatus for preventing the opening of a ship's hold of a clay ship having a pair of oscillating hull parts that oscillate left and right via a center hinge. A lock member having a lock portion swingably attached to one of the pair of swing hull portions, and swinging the lock member slidably attached to the one of the pair of swing hull portions. A hydraulic cylinder having a driving portion to be driven, a hydraulic unit for driving the hydraulic cylinder, and a locked member having a locked portion fixed to the other of the pair of swinging hull portions, wherein the locking portion is the lock An engagement convex portion is formed at one end of the member, and the other end portion of the lock member is engaged with the drive portion of the hydraulic cylinder. The drive portion is engaged with the engagement convex portion. The engagement position and the engagement protrusion are engaged Configured to slide between a disengaged position which is divided, at the time of closing of the hold formed in said pair of swing hull portion, the driving portion to drive the hydraulic cylinder by the hydraulic unit By sliding from the disengagement position to the engagement position , the engagement protrusion is lifted by the drive part to fit the lock part to the locked part, while the hydraulic pressure is released when the hold is opened. When the driving unit Ru is separated from the engagement projection by driving the hydraulic cylinder by the unit sliding the drive portion to the disengaged position from the engaging position, the engaging protrusion is It is lowered by its own weight, and the fitting between the lock part and the locked part is released.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, an inclined surface is formed in the drive unit , and when the drive unit slides toward the engagement position when the hold is closed, the engagement convex portion is inclined. The lock member is raised along a surface, and the lock member is gradually swung to be fitted to the locked member.

Furthermore, the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the length from the tip of the engaging convex portion to the swing center of the lock member is from the tip of the end portion where the lock portion is formed to the swing center. It is set to be larger than the length, and a rotational torque is applied to the lock member in a direction in which the engagement with the locked member is released by the weight of the engagement convex portion.

  According to the hold opening prevention apparatus according to the present invention, the bottom of the ship is closed when the ship bottom is closed by fitting the lock member provided on one of the pair of swing hull parts and the locked member provided on the other of the pair of swing hull parts. Can be reliably prevented, so that the sediment loaded in the hold does not leak.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an earth ship S provided with a hold opening prevention device according to the present invention, on a pair of left and right swing hull portions 2 and 4 and an upper deck at the stern portion of the swing hull portions 2 and 4. A bridge 6 is provided, and a pressed member 10 that is swingably attached to the stern portion via a center hinge 8 and is pressed by a pusher (push boat). The swing hulls 2 and 4 located below the bridge 6 are provided with a machine room 12 in which an electric motor (see FIG. 11), a hydraulic unit (see FIG. 11) and the like are housed. A ship hold (cargo hold) 14 having an open top is formed in the hull portions 2 and 4.

  Each oscillating hull portion 2, 4 has outer wall portions 2a, 4a and inner wall portions 2b, 4b. A hold 14 is formed inside the inner wall portions 2b, 4b, and the outer wall portions 2a, 4a and inner wall portion 2b. , 4b form an air tank, and the buoyancy of the earth carrier S is generated by the air filled in the air tank.

  The pair of oscillating hulls 2 and 4 are closed when the sand is loaded or transported, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 1 (c). ), The swinging hull parts 2 and 4 are separated from each other left and right, the bottom of the ship is opened, and the upper deck is inclined, so that the bridge 6 is connected to one side of the bottom (in FIG. 1B). The starboard side is pivotally connected to the swinging hull 4 by two hinges 16, while the opposite side of the bottom (the port side in FIG. 1B) slides on the upper deck by two rollers 18. It is attached freely.

  The hull opening prevention device 22 according to the present invention is provided one each before and after the hold 14 together with the hold opening / closing device 20, and the front and rear hold opening / closing devices 20 have the same configuration. This will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the hold opening / closing device 20 includes a pair of front and rear fixing plates 24 fixed to the upper deck of the swinging hull portion 2 at predetermined intervals, and a pair of these fixing plates 24. A pair of parallel front and rear fixed plates 26 fixed to the upper deck of the swinging hull portion 4 and a hydraulic cylinder 28 disposed inside the pair of fixed plates 26 are arranged in parallel. A pair of support shafts 30 that are attached to the fixed plates 24 and 26 and support the hydraulic cylinder 28 are provided. The pair of fixed plates 24, the pair of fixed plates 26, and the support shaft 30, and the left and right swing hull parts 2. , 4 is constituted.

  The hydraulic cylinder 28 has a cylinder bore 31 held by a support shaft 30 and a piston rod 32 that is slidable in the vertical direction with respect to the cylinder bore 31, and a predetermined interval is provided at the tip (lower end) of the piston rod 32. A pair of mounting plates 34 extending in the horizontal direction and spaced apart from each other are attached to each other. One end (upper end) of a pair of swinging shafts 36 is pivotally attached to both ends of the mounting plate 34, respectively. The other end (lower end) of the shaft 36 is pivotally attached to the bottom of the swinging hull 2 or 4 (see FIG. 2 or 3). As described above, each of the oscillating hull portions 2 and 4 has the outer wall portions 2a and 4a and the inner wall portions 2b and 4b, so that the bottom of the vessel has a double bottom structure. A recess 38 is formed at a portion where the lower end of the swing shaft is pivotally attached, and the lower end of the swing shaft 36 is pivotally attached to the outer wall portions 2a and 4a forming the ship bottom.

  In the hydraulic cylinder 28, the piston rod 32 moves up and down with respect to the fixed cylinder bore 31, whereas in the hydraulic cylinder of the hull opening prevention device 22 according to the present invention described below, the fixed piston is fixed. Although the cylinder bore is set so as to move back and forth with respect to the rod, the basic operating principle is the same, and will be described later.

  Further, since the two hull opening prevention devices 22 respectively provided before and after the hold 14 have the same configuration, the hull opening prevention device 22 at the rear will be described below.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the rear hull opening prevention device 22 is provided immediately behind the rear wall portion of the hull 14, and as shown in FIG. 5, A lock member 40 and a hydraulic cylinder 42 that drives the lock member 40 are accommodated in a casing 44, and a locked member 46 that is fitted to and detached from the lock member 40 is attached to the rocking hull portion 4 on the starboard side.

  As shown in FIGS. 5-7, the casing 44 includes a front wall 48 and a rear wall 50 that extend parallel to each other, an upper wall 52 joined to the upper edges of the front wall 48 and the rear wall 50, and a front wall 48 and a rear wall 50. A bottom wall 54 joined to the lower edges of the wall 48 and the rear wall 50, an outer wall 56 joined to the outer edges of these four walls 48, 50, 52, 54, and an inner edge of the top wall 52 And an inner wall 58 joined to the upper part of the inner edge of the front wall 48 and the rear wall 50, and an opening 58 a into which the locked member 46 is inserted below the inner wall 58. Is formed. The bottom wall 54 is joined to the port side bottom wall 59a of the hold 14.

  The lock member 40 is swingably attached to a support shaft 60 held at both ends by the front wall 48 and the rear wall 50, and is substantially horizontal when fitted to the member to be locked 46 (when locked). The lock portion 40a is formed below the support shaft 60, and the outer end portion thereof is an engaging convex portion 40b that protrudes outward. The length from the tip of the engaging convex portion 40b to the center of the support shaft 60 is set to be considerably larger than the length from the tip of the opposite side where the lock portion 40a is formed to the center of the support shaft 60. Rotational torque always acts in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 5 due to the weight of the engaging convex portion 40b. In addition, a wear-resistant metal fitting 62 that is in sliding contact with a wedge-shaped head (described later) attached to the tip of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 42 is integrally attached to the lower portion of the engaging convex portion 40b. Further, a contact member 63 is attached to the bottom wall 54 below the lock member 40 to come into contact with the engagement convex portion 40b of the lock member 40 when the lock is released.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the hydraulic cylinder 42 includes a support plate 64 and a piping block 66 attached to the outer wall 56 of the casing 44, a piston rod 68 penetrating the outer wall 56 of the casing 44, and a piston. A piston 70 attached to the tip of the rod 68, a cylinder bore 72 in which the piston 70 is accommodated, and a wedge-shaped head (drive unit) 74 attached to the tip of the cylinder bore 72 are provided. The wedge-shaped head 74 is slidably mounted on a sliding plate 76 joined to the front wall 48 and the rear wall 50 of the casing 44, and is inclined downward toward the lock member 40 at an upper portion thereof. An inclined surface 74a is formed.

  Two hydraulic passages 78 and 80 are formed in the piston rod 68, and the hydraulic passages 78 and 80 are provided in the machine chamber 12 via first and second ports 82 and 84 formed in the piping block 66. Communicated with each hydraulic unit.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a position detection rod 88 is attached to the cylinder bore 72 via a mounting base 86, and the position detection rod 88 extends outward in parallel to the hydraulic cylinder 42 and extends to the casing 44. The position detection member 90 is attached to the front-end | tip part. Further, a limit switch mounting member 92 extending in parallel with the position detection rod 88 is attached to the outer surface of the outer wall 56 of the casing 44. The limit switch mounting member 92 has two limit switches 94 and 96 at a predetermined interval. It is attached with. The limit switches 94 and 96 are electrically connected to a hydraulic control device provided in the machine room 12, and the position detection member 90, limit switches 94 and 96, and the like are casings attached to the outer surface of the outer wall 56 of the casing 44. 98.

  On the other hand, the locked member 46 is joined to the starboard side bottom wall portion 59b of the hold 14, the inner end portion extends toward the starboard side, and the locked portion 46a is formed at the inner end tip. . When the ship bottom is closed, the locked portion 46 a is inserted into the opening 58 a of the casing 44 and is engaged with the lock portion 40 a of the lock member 40.

  FIG. 11 shows a hydraulic circuit of the hold opening / closing device 20 and the hold opening prevention device 22 according to the present invention. The hold opening / closing device 20 and the hold opening prevention device 22 are hydraulic pressures accommodated in the machine room 12 via hydraulic piping. It is connected to the unit 100.

  Since this hydraulic circuit is not the main point of the present invention, detailed description is avoided, but the schematic configuration is as follows.

The hydraulic unit 100 contains an electric motor 102, first and second pumps 104 and 106 driven simultaneously by the electric motor 102, and an oil tank 108. The first pump 104 is a small-capacity high-pressure pump. Thus, for example, the high pressure oil of 200 kg / cm ² can be discharged, while the second pump 106 is a large-capacity low pressure pump, and is set to discharge low pressure oil of, for example, up to 100 kg / cm ² .

In the hydraulic unit 100 having the above-described configuration, when the cargo opening / closing device 20 is operated, the first and second pumps 104 and 106 are driven by the electric motor 102 and the hydraulic oil sucked from the oil tank 108 is supplied to the two electromagnetic valves 110 and 112. The oil discharged from the hydraulic cylinder 28 is returned to the oil tank 108 via the electromagnetic valve 112. When the ship bottom is fully opened or when the ship bottom is closed, high pressure hydraulic oil is required because the load is large. When the discharge pressure of the first pump 104 exceeds a predetermined threshold (for example, 100 kg / cm ² ), the second pump The hydraulic oil discharged from 106 returns to the oil tank 108 through the relief valve 114, and the hydraulic cylinder 28 is supplied with small capacity and high pressure hydraulic oil discharged from the first pump 104.

  On the other hand, when the hold opening prevention device 22 is operated, the first and second pumps 104 and 106 are similarly driven by the electric motor 102, but the operating oil discharged from the second pump 106 is oiled via the electromagnetic valve 112. Returning to the tank 108, only the hydraulic oil discharged from the first pump 104 is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 42 via the electromagnetic valve 110, and the oil discharged from the hydraulic cylinder 42 returns to the oil tank 108.

  The hold opening / closing device 20 is operated by an open button, a close button or a stop button provided on an operation panel (not shown) in the bridge 6, and the hold open preventing device 22 according to the present invention is a lock provided on the operation panel. The operation of the button or the unlock button will be described below.

  For example, when the earth and sand are loaded on the earth transport ship S at a predetermined port facility or dredger for coastal land reclamation or revetment foundation work, or when the loaded earth and sand is transported to a predetermined place, the earth transport ship S The swinging hull parts 2 and 4 are in the closed state shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. At this time, the bottom portion of the hold 14 is inclined at an angle of about 15 degrees, for example, and the opposing surfaces of the swinging hull portions 2 and 4 separated by a predetermined distance are sealed with a sealing material (not shown). Yes. The hold opening prevention device 22 is in a locked state indicated by a solid line in FIG. 5, and the lock member 40 and the locked member 46 are fitted to each other.

  When discharging the earth and sand loaded in a predetermined place, the lock release button on the operation panel is first pressed, and the lock by the hold opening prevention device 22 is released.

  That is, when the lock release button is pressed, the hydraulic oil of a predetermined hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic path 80 via the second port 84 of the hydraulic cylinder 42 via the hydraulic circuit of FIG. 11, and the cylinder bore 72 extends along the piston rod 68. Therefore, the wedge-shaped head 74 moves in a direction away from the engaging convex portion 40b of the lock member 40, and the engaging convex portion 40b gradually descends along the inclined surface 74a of the wedge-shaped head 74 by its own weight. As a result, the lock member 40 swings in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 5, and the engagement between the lock portion 40a and the locked portion 46a of the locked member 46 is released. When the cylinder bore 72 is further retracted along the piston rod 68 and the wedge-shaped head 74 is completely separated from the engaging convex portion 40 b of the lock member 40, the protrusion 40 c formed on the lower portion of the lock member 40 is formed on the locked member 46. Abuts on the tip.

  When the release button on the operation panel is pressed in this state, the working oil is supplied to the first port of the hydraulic cylinder 28 via the hydraulic circuit of FIG. As a result, the piston rod 32 is gradually lowered, the lower end portions of the pair of swing shafts 36 whose upper end portions are connected to the tip portions thereof are pushed left and right, and the left and right swing hull portions 2 and 4 are separated from each other. The bottom of the ship gradually opens. As shown in FIG. 4, when the piston rod 32 extends to the lowermost end, the upper end of the swing shaft 36 reaches the lowermost position, the pair of swing shafts 36 extend substantially horizontally, and the ship bottom reaches the maximum. Limit opening. At this time, the bottom of the hold 14 is inclined at an angle of, for example, about 60 degrees, and all of the loaded earth and sand falls from the opening.

  When the left and right swinging hulls 2 and 4 are gradually separated from each other, the lock member 40 in contact with the tip of the locked member 46 is further swung in the direction of arrow A in FIG. The lower surface of 40b comes into contact with the contact member 63 and is held at that position (broken line in FIG. 5).

  When the closing button on the operation panel is pressed after discharging the earth and sand, the working oil is supplied to the second port of the hydraulic cylinder 28 via the hydraulic circuit of FIG. As a result, the piston rod 32 gradually rises, the lower end portions of the pair of swing shafts 36 approach, the left and right swing hull portions 2 and 4 swing in a direction approaching each other, and the ship bottom gradually Closed. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when the piston rod 32 rises to the uppermost end, the upper end portion of the swing shaft 36 reaches the uppermost end position, and the ship bottom is closed.

  When the left and right oscillating hulls 2 and 4 gradually approach, the lock member 40 that is in contact with the contact member 63 comes into contact with the lower protrusion 40c again coming into contact with the tip of the member 46 to be locked. In a state where the member protrudes away from the member 63 and gradually swings in the direction opposite to the arrow A in FIG. To do.

  In this state, when a lock button on the operation panel is pressed, a predetermined hydraulic oil is supplied to the hydraulic path 78 via the first port 82 of the hydraulic cylinder 42 via the hydraulic circuit of FIG. Since it moves forward along the piston rod 68, the wedge-shaped head 74 slides toward the engaging convex portion 40b of the lock member 40, and the engaging convex portion 40b gradually rises along the inclined surface 74a of the wedge-shaped head 74. . As a result, the lock member 40 is further swung in the direction opposite to the arrow A in FIG. 5, and the lock portion 40a is fitted again with the locked portion 46a of the locked member 46, and the bottom of the ship is completely closed. Maintained.

  Thereafter, the earth and sand discharging operation is completed by pressing a stop button on the operation panel.

  The front and rear positions of the wedge-shaped head 74 in the hold opening prevention device are determined by two limit switches 94 and 96.

  The hull opening prevention device according to the present invention can reliably prevent the opening of the hull when the hull is closed by fitting the lock member and the locked member provided on each of the pair of swing hull parts. It is useful for improving the reliability of a fully-open type ship carrier because the loaded sediment does not leak.

FIG. 1 shows a clay ship equipped with a hold opening prevention device according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a side view thereof, (b) is a plan view thereof, and (c) is a line Ic- in (a). It is sectional drawing along Ic. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1A when the hold is closed, and particularly shows a hold opening / closing device. FIG. 3 is a side view of the cargo opening / closing device of FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. It is a front view of the hold open prevention device concerning the present invention. It is a top view of the hold open prevention apparatus of FIG. It is a side view of the hold open prevention apparatus of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the hydraulic cylinder provided in the hold open prevention device of FIG. It is a top view of the hydraulic cylinder of FIG. It is a side view of the hydraulic cylinder of FIG. FIG. 2 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for driving a hull opening / closing device and a hull opening prevention device.

Explanation of symbols

2, 4 oscillating hull, 6 bridge, 8 center hinge, 10 pressed member,
12 machine room, 14 hold, 20 hold opening / closing device, 22 hold opening prevention device,
24, 26 fixed plate, 28 hydraulic cylinder, 30 spindle, 31 cylinder bore,
32 piston rod, 34 mounting plate, 36 swing shaft, 38 recess,
40 lock member, 40a lock part, 40b engagement convex part, 40c protrusion,
42 hydraulic cylinder, 44 casing, 46 locked member,
46a Locked part, 60 Support shaft, 62 Wear-resistant metal fitting, 63 Contact member,
68 piston rod, 70 piston, 72 cylinder bore,
74 wedge-shaped head, 74a inclined surface, 100 hydraulic unit, S clay ship.

Claims (3)

An apparatus for preventing opening of a ship's hold of a clay ship having a pair of swinging hulls that swing left and right via a center hinge,
A lock member having a lock portion swingably attached to one of the pair of swing hull portions, and a drive slidably attached to the one of the pair of swing hull portions to swing the lock member A hydraulic cylinder having a portion, a hydraulic unit for driving the hydraulic cylinder, and a locked member having a locked portion fixed to the other of the pair of swinging hull portions . formed at one end, said other end portion of the locking member is formed engaging portions for engagement with driving portions of the hydraulic cylinders, the drive unit, the engaging position to be engaged with the engaging protrusion And the engagement release position where the engagement with the engagement protrusion is released, and when the hold formed in the pair of swinging hull parts is closed, the hydraulic unit wherein by driving the hydraulic cylinder by driving The locking portion lift the engagement projection while fitted into the locked portion in the drive unit by sliding up the engagement position from the engagement release position part, upon opening of the hold is When the driving unit Ru is separated from the engagement projection by sliding the drive unit by driving the hydraulic cylinder by the hydraulic unit to said disengaged position from the engagement position, the engagement projection An apparatus for preventing opening of a cargo ship's hold, wherein the part is lowered by its own weight to release the fitting between the lock part and the locked part. An inclined surface formed in the drive unit, when closed the hold, when the drive unit is slid toward the engaged position, the engagement projection is raised along the inclined surface, the locking member The apparatus for preventing opening of a ship's hold according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is gradually swung to be fitted to the member to be locked. The length from the tip of the engaging convex portion to the swing center of the lock member is set to be larger than the length from the tip of the end portion where the lock portion is formed to the swing center, and the lock member 3. An apparatus for preventing the opening of a ship's hold according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a rotational torque in a direction in which the engagement with the locked member is released is applied by the weight of the engaging projection. .

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