JP4272548B2 - Blocking abnormality detection method and gas meter - Google Patents

Blocking abnormality detection method and gas meter Download PDF

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JP4272548B2
JP4272548B2 JP2004017970A JP2004017970A JP4272548B2 JP 4272548 B2 JP4272548 B2 JP 4272548B2 JP 2004017970 A JP2004017970 A JP 2004017970A JP 2004017970 A JP2004017970 A JP 2004017970A JP 4272548 B2 JP4272548 B2 JP 4272548B2
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定 川島
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Yazaki Corp
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Description

本発明は、ガス遮断弁の異常を検出する遮断異常検出方法及び当該遮断異常検出方法を実施するガスメータに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a shutoff abnormality detection method for detecting a malfunction of a gas shutoff valve and a gas meter that implements the shutoff abnormality detection method.

近年、ガスメータは、ガス流路を通過する通過流量を計測する機能の他に、通過流量が予め定めた合計流量値（接続する接続器の消費流量を合計して予め設定される）を超えた場合や、所定期間以上連続して燃焼器が使用された場合に、ガス流路中のガスの漏洩又は燃焼器の消し忘れなどの流量異常を検出すると共に、遮断信号を出力して、ガス遮断弁を弁閉させてガス流路を通じてのガス供給を遮断する安全遮断機能を有するものが増加している。   In recent years, in addition to the function of measuring the passage flow rate passing through the gas flow path, the gas meter has exceeded the predetermined total flow rate value (preset by summing the consumption flow rate of the connected connectors). If the combustor is used continuously for a predetermined period or more, it detects a flow rate abnormality such as gas leakage in the gas flow path or forgetting to turn off the combustor, and outputs a shutoff signal to shut off the gas. An increasing number have a safety shut-off function that shuts off the gas supply through the gas flow path by closing the valve.

さらに、上述した安全遮断機能によりガス遮断弁が弁閉された後に、流量を検知した場合、ガス遮断弁が正常に作動していない可能性がある遮断異常が発生していると判断して、再度、遮断信号を出力する遮断異常機能を有するものもある。   Furthermore, when the flow rate is detected after the gas shut-off valve is closed by the safety shut-off function described above, it is determined that a shut-off abnormality has occurred that may cause the gas shut-off valve not to operate normally, Some have a shutoff abnormality function that outputs a shutoff signal again.

ところで、ガス流路内のガス流量は、ガス遮断弁を弁閉しても、すぐに０（Ｌ／ｈ）にはならず、図４に示すように、徐々に減少した後に、０（Ｌ／ｈ）になる。また、０（Ｌ／ｈ）になった後も、大なり小なり流量変動が発生しており、０（Ｌ／ｈ）が連続することは難しい。ダイアフラムの移動を利用した膜式のガスメータは、体積にて積算するものであるため、ガス遮断した後に、多少の流量の変動があったとしても、ダイアフラムの部分が変動を吸収して体積カウントを防止するため、遮断異常と判断して、遮断信号を出力してしまうことがない。   By the way, even if the gas shutoff valve is closed, the gas flow rate in the gas flow path does not immediately become 0 (L / h) but gradually decreases as shown in FIG. / H). In addition, even after 0 (L / h) is reached, the flow rate fluctuation is more or less, and it is difficult for 0 (L / h) to continue. Since the membrane gas meter that uses the movement of the diaphragm integrates by volume, even if there is some flow fluctuation after the gas is shut off, the diaphragm portion absorbs the fluctuation and counts the volume. In order to prevent this, it is determined that the interruption is abnormal and the interruption signal is not output.

これに対して、特許文献１や特許文献２に開示されている超音波式や熱式といった流速センサを備えたガスメータは、ガス流路中の瞬時ガス流速を計測することができるため、ガス遮断直後の多少の流量変動も検知し、その結果、ガス遮断弁に異常がないにも拘わらず、遮断異常と判断して、遮断信号を出力してしまう。   On the other hand, since the gas meter provided with the flow rate sensor such as the ultrasonic type and the thermal type disclosed in Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 can measure the instantaneous gas flow velocity in the gas flow path, Even a slight flow rate change immediately after is detected, and as a result, although there is no abnormality in the gas cutoff valve, it is determined that the cutoff is abnormal and a cutoff signal is output.

遮断異常と判断された場合、ガスメータ内部のガス遮断弁に異物が付着し、ガス遮断が正常にできていないことから保安上問題があると認識される。そして、そのメータについては交換を強いられ、ガス事業者の手間もかかるなど影響は大きい。
特公平７−１１９６３８号公報 特公平６−４３９０６号公報 When it is determined that the shutoff is abnormal, foreign matter adheres to the gas shutoff valve inside the gas meter, and it is recognized that there is a security problem because the gas shutoff is not normally performed. And the meter is forced to be exchanged, and the influence of the gas company is great.
Japanese Patent Publication No.7-119638 Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-43906

そこで、本発明は、上記のような問題点に着目し、正確に遮断異常を判断することができる遮断異常検出方法及び当該遮断異常検出方法を実施したガスメータを提供することを課題とする。   Therefore, the present invention focuses on the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a blockage abnormality detection method capable of accurately determining a blockage abnormality and a gas meter that implements the blockage abnormality detection method.

請求項１記載の発明は、ガス流路中のガスの流速を間欠的に計測する流速計測手段と、該計測した流速に基づき、ガス流量を計測する流量計測手段と、遮断信号を出力することにより、ガス遮断弁を弁閉させて、前記ガス流路を通じてのガス供給を遮断する遮断手段とを備えたガスメータの前記ガス遮断弁の異常を検出する遮断異常検出方法であって、前記遮断信号が出力されてから、所定時間経過後に計測した前記ガス流量に基づいて、前記ガス遮断弁の異常を検出し、前記遮断信号出力直前のガス流量に応じて、前記所定時間を変更することを特徴とする遮断異常検出方法に存する。 The invention according to claim 1 outputs a flow rate measuring means for intermittently measuring the flow speed of the gas in the gas flow path, a flow rate measuring means for measuring the gas flow rate based on the measured flow speed, and a cutoff signal. And a shutoff abnormality detecting method for detecting an abnormality of the gas shutoff valve of a gas meter provided with shutoff means for shutting off the gas supply through the gas flow path by closing the gas shutoff valve, wherein the shutoff signal Is detected , an abnormality of the gas cutoff valve is detected based on the gas flow rate measured after elapse of a predetermined time, and the predetermined time is changed according to the gas flow rate immediately before the cutoff signal is output. It exists in the interruption abnormality detection method.

請求項１記載の発明によれば、遮断信号が出力されてから、所定時間経過後に計測したガス流量に基づいて、ガス遮断弁の異常を検出する。従って、ガス遮断されてから、所定時間待つことにより、ガス遮断後のガス流量の不安定要素が解消し、ほぼ０になった後のガス流量に基づいて、ガス遮断弁の異常を検出することができる。また、遮断信号出力直前のガス流量に応じて、所定時間を変更する。従って、遮断直前のガス流量に応じて、遮断してから流量が０になるまでの時間にばらつきがあったとしても、ガス流量に応じて所定時間を変更することにより、遮断直前のガス流量に合った所定時間を設定することができる。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, the abnormality of the gas cutoff valve is detected based on the gas flow rate measured after a predetermined time has elapsed since the cutoff signal was output. Therefore, by waiting for a predetermined time after the gas is shut off, the unstable factor of the gas flow rate after the gas shut-off is resolved, and the abnormality of the gas shut-off valve is detected based on the gas flow rate after becoming almost zero. Can do. Further, the predetermined time is changed according to the gas flow rate immediately before the shutoff signal is output. Therefore, even if there is a variation in the time from when the flow is shut off until the flow rate becomes zero according to the gas flow rate immediately before the shut-off, by changing the predetermined time according to the gas flow rate, A predetermined time can be set.

請求項２記載の発明は、ガス流路中のガスの流速を間欠的に計測する流速計測手段と、該計測した流速に基づき、ガス流量を計測する流量計測手段と、遮断信号を出力することにより、ガス遮断弁を弁閉させて、前記ガス流路を通じてのガス供給を遮断する遮断手段と、前記ガス遮断弁の異常を検出する遮断異常検出手段とを備えたガスメータであって、前記遮断異常検出手段は、前記遮断信号が出力されてから、所定時間経過した後に計測した前記ガス流量に基づいて、前記ガス遮断弁の異常を検出すると共に前記遮断信号出力直前のガス流量に応じて前記所定時間を変更することを特徴とするガスメータに存する。 The invention described in claim 2 outputs a flow rate measuring means for intermittently measuring the flow speed of the gas in the gas flow path, a flow rate measuring means for measuring the gas flow rate based on the measured flow speed, and a cutoff signal. A gas meter comprising: a shut-off means for shutting off the gas supply through the gas flow path by closing the gas shut-off valve; and a shut-off abnormality detecting means for detecting an abnormality in the gas shut-off valve, abnormality detection means, from said said cutoff signal is outputted, based on the gas flow rate measured after a predetermined time has elapsed, depending on the gas flow rate of both the blocking signal output immediately before when detecting an abnormality of the gas shut-off valve It exists in the gas meter characterized by changing predetermined time .

請求項２記載の発明によれば、流速計測手段が、ガス流路中のガスの流速を間欠的に計測する。流量計測手段が、計測した流速に基づき、ガス流量を計測する。遮断手段が、遮断信号を出力することにより、ガス遮断弁を弁閉させて、ガス流路を通じてのガス供給を遮断する。遮断異常検出手段が、遮断信号が出力されてから、所定時間経過した後に計測したガス流量に基づいて、ガス遮断弁の異常を検出すると共に前記遮断信号出力直前のガス流量に応じて前記所定時間を変更する。従って、ガス遮断されてから、所定時間待つことにより、ガス遮断後のガス流量の不安定要素が解消し、ほぼ０になった後のガス流量に基づいて、ガス遮断弁の異常を検出することができる。また、遮断直前のガス流量に応じて、遮断してから流量が０になるまでの時間にばらつきがあったとしても、ガス流量に応じて所定時間を変更することにより、遮断直前のガス流量に合った所定時間を設定することができる。 According to invention of Claim 2 , a flow velocity measurement means measures the flow velocity of the gas in a gas flow path intermittently. The flow rate measuring means measures the gas flow rate based on the measured flow velocity. The shut-off means outputs a shut-off signal to close the gas shut-off valve and shut off the gas supply through the gas flow path. Interrupting the abnormality detecting means after the cut-off signal is output, based on the gas flow rate measured after a predetermined time has elapsed, the predetermined time according to the abnormality detecting when both the gas flow rate of the blocking signal output immediately before the gas shut-off valve To change . Therefore, by waiting for a predetermined time after the gas is shut off, the unstable factor of the gas flow rate after the gas shut-off is resolved, and the abnormality of the gas shut-off valve is detected based on the gas flow rate after becoming almost zero. Can do. In addition, even if there is a variation in the time from when the flow is shut off until the flow rate becomes 0, depending on the gas flow rate immediately before the shut-off, by changing the predetermined time according to the gas flow rate, A predetermined time can be set.

以上説明したように請求項１及び２記載の発明によれば、ガス遮断されてから、所定時間待つことにより、ガス遮断後のガス流量の不安定要素が解消し、ほぼ０になった後のガス遮断弁の以上を検出することができるので、ガス遮断後の不安定な流量を極力無視し、正確に遮断異常を検出することができる。また、遮断直前のガス流量に応じて、遮断してから流量が０になるまでの時間にばらつきがあったとしても、ガス流量に応じて所定時間を変更することにより、遮断直前のガス流量に合った所定時間を設定することができるので、迅速に遮断異常を検出することができる遮断異常検出方法及び当該遮断異常検出方法を実施したガスメータを得ることができる。 As described above, according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, after waiting for a predetermined time after the gas is shut off, the unstable factor of the gas flow rate after the gas shut off is eliminated, and after becoming almost zero Since the above of the gas shutoff valve can be detected, the unstable flow rate after the gas shutoff is ignored as much as possible, and the shutoff abnormality can be accurately detected. In addition, even if there is a variation in the time from when the flow is shut off until the flow rate becomes 0, depending on the gas flow rate immediately before the shut-off, by changing the predetermined time according to the gas flow rate, Since the matching predetermined time can be set, it is possible to obtain a blockage abnormality detection method capable of quickly detecting a blockage abnormality and a gas meter that implements the blockage abnormality detection method.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図１は、本発明の遮断異常検出方法を実施した電子式ガスメータの一実施の形態を示すブロック図である。図示の電子式ガスメータは超音波式として構成されており、ガス流路内に距離Ｌだけ離され、かつ、ガス流方向Ｙに対して角度θをなすように、互いに対向して配置された２つの音響トランスジューサＴＤ１及びＴＤ２を有する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic gas meter that implements the blocking abnormality detection method of the present invention. The electronic gas meter shown in the figure is configured as an ultrasonic type, and is disposed 2 opposite to each other so as to be separated from the gas flow path by a distance L and to form an angle θ with respect to the gas flow direction Y. There are two acoustic transducers TD1 and TD2.

２つの音響トランスジューサＴＤ１及びＴＤ２は、超音波周波数で作動する例えば圧電式振動子から構成されている。ガス流路には、両音響トランスジューサＴＤ１、ＴＤ２の上流側に弁閉によってガス流路を遮断するガス遮断弁１０が設けられている。   The two acoustic transducers TD1 and TD2 are composed of, for example, piezoelectric vibrators that operate at an ultrasonic frequency. The gas flow path is provided with a gas shut-off valve 10 that shuts off the gas flow path by closing the valve upstream of the two acoustic transducers TD1 and TD2.

各トランスジューサＴＤ１及びＴＤ２はトランスジューサインタフェース（Ｉ／Ｆ）回路１１ａ及び１１ｂをそれぞれ介して送信回路１２及び受信回路１３に接続されている。送信回路１２は、マイクロコンピュータ（μＣＯＭ）１４の制御の下で、トランスジューサＴＤ１、ＴＤ２の一方を駆動して超音波信号を発生させる信号をパルスバーストの形で送信し、このための発振回路（図示せず）を内蔵している。   Each transducer TD1 and TD2 is connected to a transmission circuit 12 and a reception circuit 13 via transducer interface (I / F) circuits 11a and 11b, respectively. The transmission circuit 12 transmits a signal for generating an ultrasonic signal by driving one of the transducers TD1 and TD2 in the form of a pulse burst under the control of the microcomputer (μCOM) 14, and an oscillation circuit (see FIG. (Not shown).

上述したμＣＯＭ１４は、図２に示すように、プログラムに従って各種の処理を行う中央処理ユニット（ＣＰＵ）１４ａ、ＣＰＵ１４ａが行う処理のプログラムなどを格納した読み出し専用のメモリであるＲＯＭ１４ｂ、ＣＰＵ１４ａでの各種の処理過程で利用するワークエリア、各種データを格納するデータ格納エリアなどを有する読み出し書き込み自在のメモリであるＲＡＭ１４ｃなどを内蔵し、これらがバスライン１４ｄによって互いに接続されている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the μCOM 14 described above includes a central processing unit (CPU) 14a that performs various processes according to a program, a ROM 14b that is a read-only memory that stores a program for processing performed by the CPU 14a, and the like. A RAM 14c, which is a readable / writable memory having a work area used in the processing process, a data storage area for storing various data, and the like are built in, and these are connected to each other by a bus line 14d.

次に、上述した構成の電子式ガスメータの動作について説明する。上述したＣＰＵ１４ａは、２つのトランスジューサＴＤ１及びＴＤ２を用いて、間欠的にガス流速を計測し、計測したガス流速にガス流路の断面積を乗じて瞬時流量を計測する瞬時流量計測処理を行う。以下、瞬時流量計測処理の詳細について説明する。   Next, the operation of the electronic gas meter having the above-described configuration will be described. The CPU 14a described above performs an instantaneous flow rate measurement process in which the gas flow rate is intermittently measured using the two transducers TD1 and TD2, and the instantaneous flow rate is measured by multiplying the measured gas flow rate by the cross-sectional area of the gas flow path. Details of the instantaneous flow rate measurement process will be described below.

まず、ＣＰＵ１４ａは、送信回路１２にトリガ信号を出力してパルスバースト信号を発生させ、これを一方のトランスジューサＴＤ１、ＴＤ２に供給させ、この一方のトランスジューサに超音波信号を発生させる。また、一方のトランスジューサから送信された超音波信号を受信する他方のトランスジューサからの信号を受信回路１３に受信させ、これに応じて受信回路１３が発生する信号を取り込む。   First, the CPU 14a outputs a trigger signal to the transmission circuit 12 to generate a pulse burst signal, supplies the pulse burst signal to one of the transducers TD1 and TD2, and causes this one transducer to generate an ultrasonic signal. In addition, the receiving circuit 13 receives the signal from the other transducer that receives the ultrasonic signal transmitted from one transducer, and takes in the signal generated by the receiving circuit 13 in response thereto.

その後、ＣＰＵ１４ａは、超音波信号を発生するトランスジューサと超音波信号を受信するトランスジューサを逆にして同じ動作をもう一度折り返す制御を行う。そして、ＣＰＵ１４ａは、ＲＡＭ１４ｃ内に形成した伝播時間タイマを用いて、送信回路１２にトリガ信号を出力して一方のトランスジューサの超音波信号を発生させてから、この超音波信号を受信する他方のトランスジューサが発生する信号を受信回路１３を介して取り込むまでの伝搬時間Ｔ１、Ｔ２を計測する。   Thereafter, the CPU 14a performs control to turn back the same operation again by reversing the transducer for generating the ultrasonic signal and the transducer for receiving the ultrasonic signal. Then, the CPU 14a uses the propagation time timer formed in the RAM 14c to output a trigger signal to the transmission circuit 12 to generate an ultrasonic signal of one transducer, and then receives the ultrasonic signal of the other transducer. Propagation times T1 and T2 until a signal generated by the signal is taken in via the receiving circuit 13 are measured.

今、音速をｃ、ガス流の流速をｖとすると、トランスジューサＴＤ１からトランスジューサＴＤ２への超音波信号の伝搬速度は（ｃ＋ｖｃｏｓθ）、トランスジューサＴＤ２からトランスジューサＴＤ１への超音波信号の伝搬速度は（ｃ−ｖｃｏｓθ）となる。従って、トランスジューサＴＤ１及びＴＤ２間の距離をＬとすると、トランスジューサＴＤ１からの超音波信号がガス流と同じ方向Ｙに進んでトランスジューサＴＤ２に到達する時間Ｔ１と、トランスジューサＴＤ２からの超音波信号がガス流と逆方向に進んでトランスジューサＴＤ２に到達する時間Ｔ２とは、
Ｔ１＝Ｌ／（ｃ＋ｖｃｏｓθ）…（１）
Ｔ２＝Ｌ／（ｃ−ｖｃｏｓθ）…（２）
となる。 Assuming that the sound velocity is c and the gas flow velocity is v, the propagation speed of the ultrasonic signal from the transducer TD1 to the transducer TD2 is (c + v cos θ), and the propagation speed of the ultrasonic signal from the transducer TD2 to the transducer TD1 is (c− vcos θ). Accordingly, if the distance between the transducers TD1 and TD2 is L, the time T1 when the ultrasonic signal from the transducer TD1 travels in the same direction Y as the gas flow and reaches the transducer TD2, and the ultrasonic signal from the transducer TD2 is the gas flow. The time T2 that travels in the opposite direction to reach the transducer TD2 is
T1 = L / (c + vcos θ) (1)
T2 = L / (c−v cos θ) (2)
It becomes.

式（１）、（２）より
ｖ＝（Ｌ／２ｃｏｓθ）・（１／Ｔ１−１／Ｔ２）
＝（Ｌ／２ｃｏｓθ）・｛（Ｔ２−Ｔ１）／（Ｔ２・Ｔ１）｝…（３）
となり、Ｌが既知であるときには、Ｔ１及びＴ２を計測することにより流速ｖを求めることができる。 From equations (1) and (2), v = (L / 2 cos θ) · (1 / T1-1 / T2)
= (L / 2cos θ) · {(T2−T1) / (T2 · T1)} (3)
Thus, when L is known, the flow velocity v can be obtained by measuring T1 and T2.

ところで、Ｔ２・Ｔ１＝Ｌ２／｛（ｃ＋ｖｃｏｓθ）・（ｃ−ｖｃｏｓθ）｝
＝Ｌ２／（ｃ２−ｖ２ｃｏｓ２θ）
であり、流速ｖは音速ｃに比べて極めて小さな数値であるので、式中ｖ２はｃ２ｃｏｓ２θに比べて極めて小さく無視でき、Ｔ２・Ｔ１＝Ｌ２／ｃ２とすることができる。そして、上記式（３）は最終的には、
ｖ＝｛（Ｔ２−Ｔ１）・ｃ２｝／２Ｌｃｏｓθ
＝（Ｔ２−Ｔ１）・（ｃ２）・（１／２Ｌｃｏｓθ）
と書き直すことができる。ここで、Ｔｄ＝（Ｔ２−Ｔ１）とすると、
ｖ＝Ｔｄ・ｋ…（４）
ただし、ｋ＝ｃ２／２Ｌｃｏｓθ
となる。すなわち、超音波信号の伝播時間の差Ｔｄに定数ｋを乗じてガス流速ｖが求められる。そして、このガス流速ｖにガス流路の断面積を乗じることにより瞬時流量を求めることができる。ＣＰＵ１４ａは、さらに、求めた瞬時流量にサンプリング時間を乗じて、ガスの通過流量を求める通過流量計測処理と、求めた通過流量を積算する積算処理と、積算した通過流量を表示器１５に表示する表示処理とを行う。 By the way, T2 · T1 = L 2 / {(c + v cos θ) · (c−v cos θ)}.
= L 2 / (c 2 −v 2 cos 2 θ)
Since the flow velocity v is an extremely small numerical value compared to the sound velocity c, v 2 in the equation can be negligibly small compared to c 2 cos 2 θ, and T2 · T1 = L 2 / c 2 can be obtained. . And the above equation (3) finally becomes
v = {(T2-T1) · c 2 } / 2L cos θ
= (T2-T1) · (c 2 ) · (1 / 2L cos θ)
Can be rewritten. Here, when Td = (T2−T1),
v = Td · k (4)
Where k = c 2 / 2L cos θ
It becomes. That is, the gas flow velocity v is obtained by multiplying the difference Td in the propagation time of the ultrasonic signal by the constant k. The instantaneous flow rate can be obtained by multiplying the gas flow velocity v by the cross-sectional area of the gas flow path. Further, the CPU 14a multiplies the obtained instantaneous flow rate by the sampling time to display a flow rate measurement process for obtaining the gas flow rate, an accumulation process for integrating the obtained flow rate, and the accumulated flow rate on the display 15. Perform display processing.

以上のことから明らかなように、音響トランスジューサＴＤ１及びＴＤ２、ＣＰＵ１４ａが、請求項中の流速計測手段を構成している。また、ＣＰＵ１４ａが、流量計測手段を構成している。   As is apparent from the above, the acoustic transducers TD1 and TD2 and the CPU 14a constitute the flow velocity measuring means in the claims. The CPU 14a constitutes a flow rate measuring unit.

また、ＣＰＵ１４ａは、上述した通過流量計測処理によって求めた通過流量を監視により流量異常を検出する異常検出処理を行い、遮断手段として働き、流量異常の検出に応じて、ガス遮断弁１０に対して、遮断信号を出力し、ガス遮断弁１０を弁閉させる遮断処理を行っている。さらに、ＣＰＵ１４ａは、遮断異常検出手段として働き、上述した遮断信号の出力に応じて、ガス遮断弁１０の異常を検出する遮断異常検出処理を行う。   Further, the CPU 14a performs an abnormality detection process for detecting a flow rate abnormality by monitoring the flow rate obtained by the above-described flow rate measurement process, functions as a shut-off means, and acts on the gas shut-off valve 10 in response to the detection of the flow rate abnormality. A shut-off process for outputting a shut-off signal and closing the gas shut-off valve 10 is performed. Further, the CPU 14a functions as a shutoff abnormality detection means, and performs a shutoff abnormality detection process for detecting an abnormality of the gas shutoff valve 10 in accordance with the output of the shutoff signal described above.

次に、上述した遮断異常検出処理の詳細について、図３のＣＰＵ１４ａの処理手順を示すフローチャートを参照して以下説明する。まず、ＣＰＵ１４ａは、遮断信号の出力に応じて、遮断異常検出処理を開始し、その最初のステップで、無効時間タイマーＴ１をスタートさせる（ステップＳ１）。この無効時間タイマーＴ１が予め定めた無効時間ｔ１（＝所定時間）を超えると（ステップＳ１でＹ）、ＣＰＵ１４ａは、一定時間タイマーＴ２をスタートさせる（ステップＳ３）。次に、上述した瞬時流量計測処理を行って瞬時流量Ｑｎを計測する（ステップＳ４）。   Next, details of the above-described blocking abnormality detection process will be described below with reference to a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the CPU 14a in FIG. First, the CPU 14a starts an interruption abnormality detection process in response to the output of the interruption signal, and starts an invalid time timer T1 in the first step (step S1). When the invalid time timer T1 exceeds a predetermined invalid time t1 (= predetermined time) (Y in step S1), the CPU 14a starts the fixed time timer T2 (step S3). Next, the instantaneous flow rate measurement process described above is performed to measure the instantaneous flow rate Qn (step S4).

次に、この瞬時流量ＱｎをＲＡＭ１４ｃ内に格納した積算流量Ｑｓに積算する（ステップＳ５）。積算流量Ｑｓが予め定めた所定値Ｑａより大きい場合（ステップＳ６でＹ）、ガス遮断弁１０が弁閉しているにも拘わらずガス流路にガスが流れていると判断して、ガス遮断弁１０に再び遮断信号を出力した後（ステップＳ７）、遮断異常処理を終了する。   Next, the instantaneous flow rate Qn is integrated with the integrated flow rate Qs stored in the RAM 14c (step S5). If the integrated flow rate Qs is greater than a predetermined value Qa (Y in step S6), it is determined that gas is flowing in the gas flow path even though the gas shut-off valve 10 is closed, and the gas is shut off. After outputting the shutoff signal to the valve 10 again (step S7), the shutoff abnormality process is terminated.

これに対して、積算流量Ｑｓが所定値Ｑａ以下の場合（ステップＳ６でＮ）、ＣＰＵ１４ａは、一定時間タイマーＴ２が一定時間ｔ２を超えたか否かを判断する（ステップＳ８）。一定時間ｔ２を超えていれば（ステップＳ８でＹ）、ＣＰＵ１４ａは、積算流量Ｑｓ及び計測タイマーＴ２をリセットした後（ステップＳ９）、再びステップＳ３に戻る。一方、一定時間ｔ２を超えていなければ（ステップＳ８でＮ）、ＣＰＵ１４ａは、直ちにステップＳ３に戻る。なお、この遮断異常処理は、マグネットスイッチなどを用いた遮断復帰操作が行われると、直ちに処理が終了される。   On the other hand, when the integrated flow rate Qs is equal to or less than the predetermined value Qa (N in step S6), the CPU 14a determines whether or not the fixed time timer T2 has exceeded the fixed time t2 (step S8). If the predetermined time t2 is exceeded (Y in step S8), the CPU 14a resets the integrated flow rate Qs and the measurement timer T2 (step S9), and then returns to step S3 again. On the other hand, if the predetermined time t2 is not exceeded (N in step S8), the CPU 14a immediately returns to step S3. Note that this interruption abnormality process is immediately terminated when an interruption return operation using a magnet switch or the like is performed.

以上のガスメータによれば、遮断信号が出力されてから、無効時間ｔ１経過後に計測した瞬時流量Ｑｎに基づいて、ガス遮断弁１０の異常を検出している。従って、ガス遮断されてから、無効時間ｔ１待つことにより、ガス遮断後のガス流量の不安定要素が解消し、ほぼ０になった後のガス流量に基づいて、ガス遮断弁１０の異常を検出することができる。   According to the above gas meter, the abnormality of the gas cutoff valve 10 is detected based on the instantaneous flow rate Qn measured after the invalid time t1 has elapsed after the cutoff signal is output. Therefore, by waiting for the invalid time t1 after the gas is shut off, the unstable element of the gas flow rate after the gas shut off is eliminated, and the abnormality of the gas shut-off valve 10 is detected based on the gas flow rate after becoming almost zero. can do.

また、上述したガスメータによれば、無効時間ｔ１経過した後は、瞬時流量Ｑｎを計測する毎に、その瞬時流量Ｑｎを積算すると共に、一定時間ｔ２経過して、所定回数計測した瞬時流量Ｑｎを積算すると、積算流量Ｑｓをリセットしている。さらに、瞬時流量Ｑｎを積算する毎に、所定値Ｑａと比較して、所定値Ｑａを超えていた場合、ガス遮断弁１０の異常を検出している。   Further, according to the gas meter described above, after the invalid time t1 has elapsed, every time the instantaneous flow rate Qn is measured, the instantaneous flow rate Qn is integrated, and after a predetermined time t2, the instantaneous flow rate Qn measured a predetermined number of times is obtained. When integrated, the integrated flow rate Qs is reset. Further, every time the instantaneous flow rate Qn is integrated, the abnormality of the gas cutoff valve 10 is detected when the predetermined value Qa is exceeded as compared with the predetermined value Qa.

このように積算値に基づいて、遮断異常を検出することにより、瞬間的に大きなガス流量が流れたとしても、それによりガス遮断弁１０の異常を検出してしまうことがなくなる。例えば、一定時間ｔ１を１０分とし、電子式メータのサンプリング間隔を２秒とした場合、１０分間で３００回の瞬時流量Ｑｎの計測が行われる。今、３（Ｌ／ｈ）の流量を遮断異常として検出する場合、上述した所定値Ｑａは、３（Ｌ／ｈ）×３００＝９００（Ｌ／ｈ）に設定する必要がある。   As described above, by detecting the cutoff abnormality based on the integrated value, even if a large gas flow rate instantaneously flows, the abnormality of the gas cutoff valve 10 is not thereby detected. For example, when the fixed time t1 is 10 minutes and the sampling interval of the electronic meter is 2 seconds, 300 instantaneous flow rates Qn are measured in 10 minutes. Now, when the flow rate of 3 (L / h) is detected as a cutoff abnormality, the above-described predetermined value Qa needs to be set to 3 (L / h) × 300 = 900 (L / h).

従って、その２秒間で瞬間的な大流量が検出されたとしても、９００（Ｌ／ｈ）以内であれば異常と検出されることがない。また、３（Ｌ／ｈ）が１０分間で流れる流量は０．５Ｌであり、この値そのものは小さいため実際に遮断異常が発生している場合は迅速に検出することができる。   Therefore, even if an instantaneous large flow rate is detected in the 2 seconds, no abnormality is detected within 900 (L / h). Further, the flow rate at which 3 (L / h) flows in 10 minutes is 0.5 L, and since this value itself is small, it is possible to quickly detect when a blocking abnormality actually occurs.

また、瞬時流量Ｑｎを計測する毎に、積算し、積算する毎に、その積算流量Ｑｓを所定値Ｑａと比較して、遮断異常が発生しているか否かを判断することにより、実際に遮断異常が発生していて、大流量が流れている場合は、一定時間ｔ１経過するのを待たずに、遮断異常を検出して、遮断信号を出力することができる。   In addition, every time the instantaneous flow rate Qn is measured, it is integrated, and every time it is integrated, the integrated flow rate Qs is compared with a predetermined value Qa to determine whether or not a disconnection abnormality has occurred. When an abnormality has occurred and a large flow rate is flowing, it is possible to detect a blocking abnormality and output a blocking signal without waiting for a certain time t1 to elapse.

なお、上述した実施形態では、所定時間ｔ１を予め定めた時間に固定していた。しかしながら、遮断信号出力直前に計測したガス流量に応じた時間に所定時間ｔ１を変更することも考えられる。一般に、ガス流路に流れるガス流量が大きいほど、ガス遮断してから０になるまでの時間が長くなる。従って、この場合、遮断直前のガス流量に応じて、遮断してから流量が０になるまでの時間にばらつきがあったとしても、ガス流量に応じて所定時間ｔ１を変更することにより、遮断直前のガス流量に合った所定時間ｔ１を設定することができる。   In the above-described embodiment, the predetermined time t1 is fixed to a predetermined time. However, it is also conceivable to change the predetermined time t1 to a time corresponding to the gas flow rate measured immediately before the shutoff signal is output. In general, the larger the gas flow rate flowing through the gas flow path, the longer the time from when the gas is shut off until it reaches zero. Therefore, in this case, even if there is a variation in the time from when the flow is shut off until the flow rate becomes 0 according to the gas flow rate immediately before the shut-off, by changing the predetermined time t1 according to the gas flow rate, It is possible to set a predetermined time t1 suitable for the gas flow rate.

本発明の遮断異常検出方法を実施した電子式ガスメータの一実施の形態を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the electronic gas meter which implemented the interruption | blocking abnormality detection method of this invention. 図１の電子式ガスメータを構成するμＣＯＭ１４の詳細を示すブロック図である。FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing details of μCOM 14 constituting the electronic gas meter of FIG. 1. 図２のＣＰＵ１４ａの遮断異常検出処理における処理手順を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence in the interruption | blocking abnormality detection process of CPU14a of FIG. ガス遮断後の流量と経過時間との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the flow volume after gas interruption | blocking, and elapsed time.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

ＴＤ１ 音響トランスジューサ（流速計測手段）
ＴＤ２ 音響トランスジューサ（流速計測手段）
１４ａ ＣＰＵ（流速計測手段、流量計測手段、遮断手段、遮断異常検出手段）
ｔ１ 無効時間（所定時間）
Ｑａ 所定値 TD1 Acoustic transducer (flow velocity measuring means)
TD2 acoustic transducer (flow velocity measuring means)
14a CPU (flow velocity measuring means, flow rate measuring means, blocking means, blocking abnormality detecting means)
t1 Invalid time (predetermined time)
Qa Predetermined value

Claims (2)

ガス流路中のガスの流速を間欠的に計測する流速計測手段と、該計測した流速に基づき、ガス流量を計測する流量計測手段と、遮断信号を出力することにより、ガス遮断弁を弁閉させて、前記ガス流路を通じてのガス供給を遮断する遮断手段とを備えたガスメータの前記ガス遮断弁の異常を検出する遮断異常検出方法であって、
前記遮断信号が出力されてから、所定時間経過後に計測した前記ガス流量に基づいて、前記ガス遮断弁の異常を検出し、
前記遮断信号出力直前のガス流量に応じて、前記所定時間を変更することを特徴とする遮断異常検出方法。 The flow rate measuring means for intermittently measuring the flow rate of the gas in the gas flow path, the flow rate measuring means for measuring the gas flow rate based on the measured flow rate, and the shutoff signal is output to close the gas shutoff valve. And a shutoff abnormality detecting method for detecting an abnormality of the gas shutoff valve of the gas meter comprising shutoff means for shutting off the gas supply through the gas flow path,
Based on the gas flow rate measured after a predetermined time has elapsed since the shut-off signal was output, the abnormality of the gas shut-off valve is detected ,
The interruption abnormality detection method , wherein the predetermined time is changed according to a gas flow rate immediately before the interruption signal is output . ガス流路中のガスの流速を間欠的に計測する流速計測手段と、該計測した流速に基づき、ガス流量を計測する流量計測手段と、遮断信号を出力することにより、ガス遮断弁を弁閉させて、前記ガス流路を通じてのガス供給を遮断する遮断手段と、前記ガス遮断弁の異常を検出する遮断異常検出手段とを備えたガスメータであって、
前記遮断異常検出手段は、前記遮断信号が出力されてから、所定時間経過した後に計測した前記ガス流量に基づいて、前記ガス遮断弁の異常を検出すると共に前記遮断信号出力直前のガス流量に応じて前記所定時間を変更することを特徴とするガスメータ。 The flow rate measuring means for intermittently measuring the flow rate of the gas in the gas flow path, the flow rate measuring means for measuring the gas flow rate based on the measured flow rate, and the shutoff signal is output to close the gas shutoff valve. And a gas meter comprising a shutoff means for shutting off the gas supply through the gas flow path, and a shutoff abnormality detection means for detecting an abnormality of the gas shutoff valve,
The blocking abnormality detecting means from said blocking signal is outputted, based on the gas flow rate measured after a predetermined time has elapsed, depending on the gas flow rate of both the blocking signal output immediately before when detecting an abnormality of the gas shut-off valve And changing the predetermined time .
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