JP4270702B2 - In vitro evaluation method for sensitizing substances - Google Patents

In vitro evaluation method for sensitizing substances Download PDF

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JP4270702B2
JP4270702B2 JP2000034369A JP2000034369A JP4270702B2 JP 4270702 B2 JP4270702 B2 JP 4270702B2 JP 2000034369 A JP2000034369 A JP 2000034369A JP 2000034369 A JP2000034369 A JP 2000034369A JP 4270702 B2 JP4270702 B2 JP 4270702B2
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cells
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human mononuclear
sensitizing
cell
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JP2001221796A (en
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太可雄 足利
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Shiseido Co Ltd
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Shiseido Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、感作性物質のインビトロ評価方法、及び感作性物質を活性化又は抑制する物質の評価方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
生体においてレルギー等を誘発する物質(感作性物質)を評価する方法としては、実験動物に被験物質を適用し、そして該実験動物の皮膚などに生ずる反応を視察する方法が行われている。しかしながら、この方法は動物の愛護等の見地から見直しがせまられている。
【0003】
外来物質によりアレルギー反応が惹起される最初の段階では、感作性物質が抗原提示細胞を刺激し、活性化して、該細胞表面に、プロセシングされた抗原を担持したMHCクラスII蛋白質や、CD86分子が発現される。このような抗原提示細胞としては樹状細胞やヒト単核球細胞株が知られている。しかしながら、樹状細胞の性質には個人差があり、また再現性に問題があり、一定の特性を有する樹状細胞を安定的に入手することが困難である。また樹状細胞はその調製に困難さが伴う。
【0004】
他方、ヒト単核球細胞株は細胞の取り扱いは比較的容易であるが、株化した培養細胞が、正常細胞と同様に感作性物質により感作されて分化し、感作物質の性質を反映して抗原提示を行うか否か明らかでない。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って、本発明は、取扱いが容易であり、安定して入手可能な培養細胞を用いて、感作物質をインビトロで評価することができる方法を提供するものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記の目的を達成するため、種々検討した結果、ヒト単核球細胞に感作性物質を作用させた場合、該細胞の表面に、感作性物質の量や特性を反映してCD86分子が発現されることを見出し、本発明を完成した。
従って本発明は、ヒト単核球細胞と、感作性物質を含有すると予想される被験試料とを一緒にインキュベートし、該ヒト単核球細胞の表面に発現されたCD86物質を検出することを特徴とする、感作性物質のインビトロ評価方法、又はスクリーニング方法を提供する。
【0007】
本発明はまた、ヒト単核球細胞と、感作物質と、被験物質とを一緒にインキュベートし、該ヒト単核球細胞の表面に発現されたCD86分子を検出することを特徴とする。該被験物質が該感作性物質に対する活性化剤又は抑制剤であるか否かを評価する方法、又はスクリーニング方法を提供する。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において用いるヒト単核球細胞としては、感作性物質の特性を反映してその表面にCD86物質を発現するものであれば特に限定されないが、具体例としてTHP−1細胞及びU−937DE−4細胞が挙げられる。これらの細胞は樹立された培養細胞であって、当業界の研究者により広く用いられており、容易に入手することができる。具体的には、THP−1細胞及びU−937DE−4細胞は、公的な細胞バンク又は民間企業より入手することができる。
【0009】
本発明のヒト単核球細胞を培養するための培地としては、これらの細胞を培養することができる常用の任意の培地を使用することができるが、例えば具体例としてRPMI1640培地、DMEM培地、ダルベッコ改変イーグル培地等が挙げられる。これらの培地にはおよそ10%程度のウシ胎児血清を添加することが必要である。
【0010】
感作性物質の評価又はスクリーニングにおいては、培養地中の上記ヒト単核球細胞に被験物質を加え、例えばCO2 インキュベーター中で、約37℃にて24〜48時間培養(インキュベーション)を行う。ヒト単核球細胞の初期濃度は1×105 〜5×105 細胞/mlが好ましい。この場合、好ましくは、被験物質を加えないで、上記の同様の培養を行い、対照とする。また、活性化物質を阻害又は活性化する物質の評価又はスクリーニングにおいては、培地中のヒト単核球細胞に、既知の感作性物質と被験物質とを加えて、上記の条件で培養(インキュベーション)を行う。この場合も、好ましくは、被験物質を加えないで上記と同様の培養を行ない、対照とする。
【0011】
培養(インキュベーション)が終了した後、培養したヒト単核球細胞の表面に発現されたCD86分子を検出又は測定する。CD86の検出又は測定方法は特に限定されないが、抗−ヒトCD86抗体を用いた免疫測定が好ましく、フローサイトメトリー法が特に好ましい。抗−ヒトCD86抗体はモノクローナル抗体でもポリクローナル抗体でもよく、CD86を表面に発現している細胞を免疫原として用いて常法に従って調製することができる。フローサイトメトリー法も常法に従って行うことができる。
【0012】
【実施例】
次に実施例により本発明をさらに具体的に説明する。
実施例1THP−1細胞の使用
THP−1細胞(大日本製薬株式会社より購入)をRPMI1640(含10%FBS)培地を用いて5×105 細胞/ml に調製し、24穴プレートに1ml/wellずつ播種した。被験物質は精製水あるいはDMSOを用いて1 mmol/lの溶液を調製し、それをPBSを用いて適当な濃度に希釈した。精製水に溶解した被験物質溶液は0.45μmのフィルタを用いて除菌した。
【0013】
溶媒が細胞の状態に影響を与えないように、精製水を用いて溶解した溶液は最終的に1%、DMSOを用いて溶解した溶液は最終的に0.3%になるよう細胞培養液に添加した。処理した細胞はCO2 インキュベーター中で24時間培養した。培養後の細胞をPBSを用いて洗浄し、FITCで蛍光標識した抗ヒトCD86抗体を用いて氷水中で45分間染色した。染色した細胞をPBSを用いて洗浄し、1%FBSと0.02%アザイドを含むPBSに浮遊させた。その細胞浮遊液を用いてフローサイトメトリーにより生細胞1×105cellsの蛍光強度を測定し、被験物質無処理のコントロールと比較した。生細胞の検出はPI染色により行った。
結果を図1に示す。
【0014】
実施例2U−937DE−4の使用
実施例1と同様の方法を反復した。但し、ヒト単核球細胞として、U−937DE−4(理化学研究所 細胞開発銀行)を用いた。結果を図2に示す。
実施例3.本発明の方法と従来技術の方法との比較
幾つかの被験物質について、実施例1に記載した本発明の方法(THP−1/CD86法)の結果と、従来技術のMAX法及びLLNA法の結果とを比較した。
【0015】
(1)本発明の方法−実施例1の方法と同じ。
(2)MAX法
モルモットの肩甲骨上を剪毛し、被験物質をアジュバントであるFCAとともに皮内投与する。投与後7日目に皮内投与した部位に、10%SLS含有ワセリン軟こうを塗布し24時間後に除去する。その後、その部位に被験物質を貼付し、48時間後に除去する。被験物質の皮内投与3週間後に、剪毛した左腹側部に被験物質を貼付する。閉塞開始後約24,48および72時間後に皮膚反応を観察する。
【0016】
(3)LLNA法
マウスの耳介に被験物質を塗布(3日連続、あるいは3日連続後、塗布開始後6日目に再塗布)し、終了後翌日に耳介リンパ節細胞を調製し、5×106 細胞/ml にし、CO2 インキュベーター中で24,48、あるいは72時間培養する。
【0017】
リンパ節細胞の採取時にリンパ節重量を測定する。また、リンパ節細胞中のCD4陽性細胞の割合をフローサイトメトリーにより測定する。培養したリンパ節細胞浮遊液よりRNAを抽出し、そこからcDNAを作成する。それより、ABI PRISM7700 Sequence Detectorを用い、IL−2あるいはIL−4のmRNAの発現を定量する。
以上より得られるリンパ節重量、CD4陽性細胞の割合、IL−2あるいはIL−4の発現量より、被験物質の感作性を判断する。
被験物質及びそのための溶剤は下記表1に示す通りであり、表1に示す結果が得られた。
【表1】

Figure 0004270702
上記の結果、本発明の方法は、実験動物を用いる従来技術の方法とほぼ一致する結果が得られることが確認された。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】図1はTHP−1細胞でのCD86の発現の検出を利用した感作物質の評価の結果を示すグラフである。
【図2】図2はU−937DE−4細胞でのCD86の発現の検出を利用した感作物質の評価の結果を示すグラフである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an in vitro evaluation method for a sensitizing substance and an evaluation method for a substance that activates or suppresses the sensitizing substance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a method for evaluating a substance (sensitizing substance) that induces allergy or the like in a living body, a method in which a test substance is applied to an experimental animal and a reaction occurring on the skin of the experimental animal is observed. However, this method has been reviewed from the viewpoint of animal welfare.
[0003]
In the first stage in which an allergic reaction is induced by a foreign substance, a sensitizing substance stimulates and activates an antigen-presenting cell, and an MHC class II protein carrying a processed antigen on the cell surface or a CD86 molecule Is expressed. As such antigen-presenting cells, dendritic cells and human mononuclear cell lines are known. However, there are individual differences in the nature of dendritic cells, and there is a problem in reproducibility, and it is difficult to stably obtain dendritic cells having certain characteristics. Dendritic cells are also difficult to prepare.
[0004]
On the other hand, human mononuclear cell lines are relatively easy to handle, but the established cultured cells are sensitized and differentiated by sensitizing substances in the same way as normal cells. It is not clear whether the antigen presentation will be reflected.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, the present invention provides a method capable of evaluating a sensitizer in vitro using cultured cells that are easy to handle and can be stably obtained.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of various studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have found that when a sensitizing substance is allowed to act on human mononuclear cells, the amount and characteristics of the sensitizing substance are determined on the surface of the cell. Reflecting this, it was found that the CD86 molecule was expressed, and the present invention was completed.
Therefore, the present invention includes incubating human mononuclear cells and a test sample that is expected to contain a sensitizing substance, and detecting CD86 substance expressed on the surface of the human mononuclear cells. A method for in vitro evaluation or screening of a sensitizing substance is provided.
[0007]
The present invention is also characterized by incubating a human mononuclear cell, a sensitizer, and a test substance together to detect a CD86 molecule expressed on the surface of the human mononuclear cell. A method for evaluating whether or not the test substance is an activator or inhibitor for the sensitizer is provided.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The human mononuclear cell used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it reflects the characteristics of the sensitizing substance and expresses the CD86 substance on the surface thereof. Specific examples include THP-1 cells and U-937DE. -4 cells. These cells are established cultured cells, which are widely used by researchers in the industry and can be easily obtained. Specifically, THP-1 cells and U-937DE-4 cells can be obtained from public cell banks or private companies.
[0009]
As the medium for culturing the human mononuclear cells of the present invention, any conventional medium capable of culturing these cells can be used. For example, RPMI1640 medium, DMEM medium, Dulbecco can be used as specific examples. Examples include modified Eagle medium. It is necessary to add about 10% fetal calf serum to these media.
[0010]
In the evaluation or screening of the sensitizing substance, the test substance is added to the human mononuclear cells in the culture medium, and cultured (incubation) at about 37 ° C. for 24 to 48 hours, for example, in a CO 2 incubator. The initial concentration of human mononuclear cells is preferably 1 × 10 5 to 5 × 10 5 cells / ml. In this case, preferably, the same culture as described above is carried out without adding the test substance as a control. In the evaluation or screening of a substance that inhibits or activates an activating substance, a known sensitizing substance and a test substance are added to human mononuclear cells in a medium and cultured under the above conditions (incubation). )I do. Also in this case, preferably, the same culture as described above is carried out without adding the test substance to serve as a control.
[0011]
After completion of the incubation (incubation), CD86 molecules expressed on the surface of the cultured human mononuclear cells are detected or measured. The method for detecting or measuring CD86 is not particularly limited, but immunoassay using an anti-human CD86 antibody is preferable, and flow cytometry is particularly preferable. The anti-human CD86 antibody may be a monoclonal antibody or a polyclonal antibody, and can be prepared according to a conventional method using cells expressing CD86 on the surface as an immunogen. Flow cytometry can also be performed according to a conventional method.
[0012]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.
Example 1 . Use of THP-1 cells THP-1 cells (purchased from Dainippon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) were prepared to 5 × 10 5 cells / ml using RPMI1640 (10% FBS) medium, and each 1 ml / well in a 24-well plate. Sowing. As a test substance, a 1 mmol / l solution was prepared using purified water or DMSO, and diluted to an appropriate concentration using PBS. The test substance solution dissolved in purified water was sterilized using a 0.45 μm filter.
[0013]
In order to prevent the solvent from affecting the state of cells, the cell culture solution should be prepared so that the final solution dissolved with purified water is 1% and the final solution dissolved with DMSO is 0.3%. Added. The treated cells were cultured for 24 hours in a CO 2 incubator. The cultured cells were washed with PBS and stained for 45 minutes in ice water using an anti-human CD86 antibody fluorescently labeled with FITC. Stained cells were washed with PBS and suspended in PBS containing 1% FBS and 0.02% azide. Using the cell suspension, the fluorescence intensity of 1 × 10 5 cells of living cells was measured by flow cytometry, and compared with a test substance-untreated control. Viable cells were detected by PI staining.
The results are shown in FIG.
[0014]
Example 2 . Use of U-937DE-4 The same method as in Example 1 was repeated. However, U-937DE-4 (RIKEN Cell Development Bank) was used as a human mononuclear cell. The results are shown in FIG.
Example 3 . Comparison between the method of the present invention and the prior art method For some test substances, the results of the method of the present invention (THP-1 / CD86 method) described in Example 1 and the results of the conventional MAX method and LLNA method were compared. The results were compared.
[0015]
(1) Method of the present invention—Same as the method of Example 1.
(2) MAX method A guinea pig is shaved on the scapula and the test substance is administered intradermally together with FCA as an adjuvant. On the 7th day after administration, 10% SLS-containing petrolatum ointment is applied to the site of intradermal administration and removed 24 hours later. Thereafter, the test substance is affixed to the site and removed 48 hours later. Three weeks after intradermal administration of the test substance, the test substance is affixed to the shaved left ventral region. The skin reaction is observed approximately 24, 48 and 72 hours after the onset of occlusion.
[0016]
(3) The test substance was applied to the auricle of the LLNA method mouse (for 3 consecutive days, or after 3 consecutive days, reapplyed on the 6th day after the start of application), and the auricular lymph node cells were prepared the next day after the completion, Incubate for 24, 48, or 72 hours in a CO 2 incubator at 5 × 10 6 cells / ml.
[0017]
The lymph node weight is measured when the lymph node cells are collected. In addition, the ratio of CD4 positive cells in lymph node cells is measured by flow cytometry. RNA is extracted from the cultured lymph node cell suspension, and cDNA is prepared therefrom. Then, the expression of IL-2 or IL-4 mRNA is quantified using ABI PRISM 7700 Sequence Detector.
The sensitization property of the test substance is determined from the lymph node weight obtained above, the ratio of CD4 positive cells, and the expression level of IL-2 or IL-4.
Test substances and solvents therefor are as shown in Table 1 below, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.
[Table 1]
Figure 0004270702
As a result of the above, it was confirmed that the method of the present invention yielded results that were almost the same as the prior art method using experimental animals.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of evaluation of a sensitizer using detection of CD86 expression in THP-1 cells.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of evaluation of a sensitizer using detection of CD86 expression in U-937DE-4 cells.

Claims (4)

ヒト単核球細胞と、感作性物質を含有すると予想される被験試料とを一緒にインキュベートし、該ヒト単核球細胞の表面に発現されたCD86分子を検出することを特徴とする感作性物質のインビトロ評価方法又はスクリーニング方法。  Sensitization characterized by incubating human mononuclear cells and a test sample expected to contain a sensitizing substance together to detect CD86 molecules expressed on the surface of the human mononuclear cells In vitro evaluation method or screening method for sex substances. ヒト単核球細胞と、感作性物質と、被験物質とを一緒にインキュベートし、該ヒト単核球細胞の表面に発現されたCD86分子を検出することを特徴とする、該被験物質が該感作性物質に対する活性化剤又は抑制剤であるか否かを評価する方法又はスクリーニング方法。  A test substance comprising the step of incubating a human mononuclear cell, a sensitizing substance, and a test substance together to detect a CD86 molecule expressed on the surface of the human mononuclear cell. A method or screening method for evaluating whether an activator or inhibitor for a sensitizing substance. 前記ヒト単核球細胞がTHP-1細胞である、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。The human mononuclear cells are THP-1 cells The method according to claim 1 or 2. 前記ヒト単核球細胞がThe human mononuclear cell is U-937DE-4U-937DE-4 細胞である、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。The method according to claim 1 or 2, which is a cell.
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