JP4263892B2 - Method for producing angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor-containing composition - Google Patents
Method for producing angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor-containing composition Download PDFInfo
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- converting enzyme
- angiotensin converting
- enzyme inhibitor
- blood pressure
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Description
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、アンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害活性をもち、しかもかかる活性が持続する阻害剤含有組成物を製造する方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、食品中に含まれる蛋白質は栄養効果ばかりでなく種々の生理活性を有することが知られている。
例えば血圧を降下する活性を示すものとして、アンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害ペプチドや動脈血管を弛緩させるペプチドが知られている。
アンジオテンシン変換酵素は、主として肺や血管内皮細胞、腎近位尿細管に存在し、アンジオテンシンI(Asp−Arg−Val−Tyr−Ile−His−Pro−Phe−His−Leu)に作用して、アンジオテンシンIのC末端よりジペプチド(His9−Leu10)を開裂遊離させ、強力な昇圧作用を有するアンジオテンシンIIを生成させる酵素である。また、この酵素は生体内降圧物質であるブラジキニンを破壊し不活化する作用も併有し、昇圧系に強力に関与している。したがって、かかるアンジオテンシン変換酵素の活性を阻害すれば、血圧が降下して、臨床的には高血圧症の予防、治療に有効であると考えられている。
かかるアンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害物質としてはプロリン誘導体であるカプトプリルが合成されて、降圧活性が確認されて以来、種々のアンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害物質が合成され、近年天然物からの取得も盛んに試みられ、γ-ゼインをサーモリシンで加水分解してC末端のアミノ酸配列がLeu−Pro−Proである重合度が3〜5のペプチドを含有するアンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害剤が報告されている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開平2−36127号公報
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記のアンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害剤は、試験管内(in vitro)では阻害活性はあるものの、血圧降下作用の持続性がなく、例えば実験的に高血圧自然発症ラット(以下SHRと称する)に経口投与すると、投与後3時間以内で元の血圧にもどってしまうことが判明した。
昨今では経口投与においても有意な血圧降下作用を示し、更に従来のペプチドよりも血圧降下を示す時間が長くなる血圧降下の持続性のあるアンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害剤含有組成物が求められている。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、かかる課題を解決すべく天然物質で血圧降下作用が持続する物質を鋭意探索した結果、ナタネ由来の蛋白質をプロテアーゼで加水分解して製造した組成物が強いアンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害作用を示し、しかも血圧降下の持続性があることを見いだし本発明を完成した。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のアンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害剤含有組成物を製造するにあたっては、ナタネ由来の蛋白質をプロテアーゼによって加水分解して製造する。以下かかる方法について説明する。
【0007】
かかる蛋白質として、ナタネ種子、その他のナタネの構成成分、ナタネの組織培養物等を直接用いてもよいが、ナタネ種子から油脂を除去した油粕を用いることが加水分解や精製が容易で、しかも食品としては未利用な資源である油粕を有効利用できる点で好ましい。
油脂を除去する方法は特に制限されるものではないが、通常溶剤による抽出、圧搾等により油脂が除去される。
【0008】
プロテアーゼとしてはズブチリシン、トリプシン、キモトリプシン、パンクレアチン、サーモリシン、ペプシン、パパイン、アルカリプロテアーゼ等が挙げられるがズブチリシン、ペプシンが好ましく、中でもズブチリシンが好ましい。
【0009】
かかる油粕をプロテアーゼで加水分解するにあたっては、油粕を水に分散させてそのまま加水分解を行ってもよいが、油粕から蛋白質を水で抽出して、かかる蛋白質を加水分解するのが分解率を上げる点で好ましく、かかる方法について説明するが、これに限定されるものではない。
油粕から蛋白質を水で抽出するにあたっては、油粕に1〜100倍重量程度の水を加えて水分散液とした後、遠心分離やろ過により固形分をとり除けばよい。次いで、加水分解を行うにあたっては、得られた蛋白質の水溶液は、該水溶液を一旦凍結乾燥して粉末状の蛋白質とした後に、かかる蛋白質を水に溶解して加水分解を行えばよい。
加水分解時の蛋白質濃度は0.1〜20重量%となるように調整し、プロテアーゼを蛋白質に対して0.1〜3重量%程度添加して行うのが好ましい。かかる添加量が0.1重量%未満では加水分解が十分行われず、3重量%を超えても収率の向上は望めない。このときプロテアーゼは粉末のまま添加しても、水溶液として添加してもよい。プロテアーゼを添加した後、温度10〜85℃程度、好ましくは30〜60℃で0.1〜48時間、好ましくは1〜10時間加水分解を行う。この時のpHも特に制限されず1〜9程度で実施されるが、ズブチリシンの場合は6〜8程度、ペプシンの場合は1〜3で実施することが好ましい。蛋白質の分解率が所定の範囲に達した時、分解液に塩酸等の酸水溶液を添加したり、あるいは煮沸することにより加水分解を停止させる。
【0010】
上記の加水分解により得られた組成物は、各種のペプチドを含む混合物であり、実用にあたってはかかる混合物をそのまま用いればよいが、必要に応じて混合物からアンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害ペプチドを精製、単離することも可能である。
【0011】
本発明の製造方法で得られた組成物は、医薬品、機能性をもつ食品等として有用であり、以下医薬品として用いる場合について説明する。
該組成物の投与経路としては、経口投与、血管内投与、直腸内投与のいずれでもよいが、経口投与が好ましい。該組成物の人に対する投与量は、投与方法、患者の症状・年令等により一概に言えないが、通常は組成物中のペプチドとして、1日あたり0.1〜100g、更には2〜10gとすることが好ましく、投与回数は1日あたり1〜3回程度である。該組成物は通常、製剤の形で投与される。製剤に用いられる担体や助剤としては、製剤分野において常用され、かつ本該組成物と反応しない物質が用いられる。
【0012】
具体的には、例えば乳糖、ブドウ糖、マンニット、デキストリン、シクロデキストリン、デンプン、庶糖、メタケイ酸アルミン酸マグネシウム、合成ケイ酸アルミニウム、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム、ヒドロキシプロピルデンプン、カルボキシメチルセルロースカルシウム、イオン交換樹脂、メチルセルロース、ゼラチン、アラビアゴム、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリビニルアルコール、軽質無水ケイ酸、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、タルク、トラガント、ベントナイト、ビーガム、酸化チタン、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム、グリセリン、脂肪酸グリセリンエステル、精製ラノリン、グリセロゼラチン、ポリソルベート、マクロゴール、植物油、ロウ、流動パラフィン、白色ワセリン、フルオロカーボン、非イオン界面活性剤、プロピレングリコール等が挙げられる。
【0013】
剤型としては、錠剤、カプセル剤、顆粒剤、散剤、シロップ剤、懸濁剤、坐剤、軟膏、クリーム剤、ゲル剤、貼付剤、吸入剤、注射剤等が挙げられる。これらの製剤は常法に従って調製される。尚、液体製剤にあっては、用時、水又は他の適当な媒体に溶解又は懸濁する形であってもよい。また錠剤、顆粒剤は周知の方法でコーティングしてもよい。注射剤の場合には、上記組成物を水に溶解させて調製されるが、必要に応じて生理食塩水あるいはブドウ糖溶液に溶解させてもよく、また緩衝剤や保存剤を添加してもよい。
【0014】
これらの製剤は、本発明の方法で得られた組成物を、ペプチドとして0.01重量%以上、好ましくは0.5〜70重量%の割合で含有させることが好ましく、0.01重量%未満では、血圧降下を示すために必要な量を摂取するのに多量の製剤を摂取しなければないないことがあり好ましくない。
これらの製剤はまた、治療上価値のある他の成分を含有していてもよい。
【0015】
【実施例】
次に実例を挙げて本発明を更に具体的に説明する。
実施例1
ナタネ種子をヘキサンで抽出して油脂を除去した油粕10gに水100mlを加えた水分散液を充分撹拌し、遠心分離して固形分を沈殿せしめた後、上澄み液を凍結乾燥して粉末状の蛋白質を得た。次いで得られた蛋白質1gを2重量%濃度となるように水に溶解させ、それにズブチリシン(シグマ社製、バシラス リチェニフォルミス由来、タイプVIII)を、0.01g添加してpH7.5、37℃の条件で5時間加水分解を行った。加水分解後10分間煮沸して加水分解を停止させてペプチド1gを含むアンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害剤含有組成物を得た。
【0016】
(アンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害活性の測定)
上記の組成物のアンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害活性の測定を、Cheung Cushmanの方法の山本らの改良法〔日本胸部疾患会誌,(18),1297(1980)〕に準じて以下の要領で行った。
酵素基質;Bz(ベンジル)−Gly−His−Leu
酵 素 ;うさぎの肺のアセトンパウダー(シグマ社製)
最終濃度;100mM硼酸、塩化ナトリウム400mM緩衝液(pH8.3)、上記酵素基質5mM、酵素3μU
【0017】
上記の最終濃度になるように緩衝液、酵素基質、酵素を混合し、水で全体を200μlとした後、37℃で30分間反応を行った。反応は1N−塩酸200μlを用いて終了させた。反応終了液に酢酸エチル1.5mlを入れVortexで15秒撹拌し、それを遠心分離した。酢酸エチル層から1.0mlをとり出して、酢酸エチルを留去し、それに1mlの蒸留水を入れて残渣を溶解し、抽出された馬尿酸の紫外吸収228nmの値(OD228)を測定した。
【0018】
阻害率はペプチドなしで反応したときのOD228を100%とし、反応時間0分のときのOD228を0%として求めた。阻害率50%の時のペプチドの濃度IC50は0.16mg/mlであった。
【0019】
(血圧降下作用の測定)
20週齢のSHR(n=4)に上記の組成物をペプチドとして250、500mg/kgとなるようにゾンデ針を使用して経口投与して、尾動脈部の血圧をtail−cuff法にて経時的に測定し、収縮期血圧における最大降圧値を調べて以下の表1にその結果を示した。
【0020】
* P<0.05:組成物を含まない同量の生理食塩水を投与した場合の血圧の変化の平均値(n=4)に対して有意水準5%で有意性を示した。
**P<0.01:組成物を含まない同量の生理食塩水を投与した場合の血圧の変化の平均値(n=4)に対して有意水準1%で有意性を示した。
かかる表1からも明らかなように、投与量250mg/kgでも4時間以上の持続性のある血圧降下作用を示し、投与量を500mg/kgにすると、6時間以上の持続性のある血圧降下作用を示す。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
本発明のアンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害剤含有組成物の製造方法は、ナタネ由来の蛋白質をプロテアーゼで加水分解する方法であり、かかる方法により得られたアンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害剤含有組成物は、強いアンジオテンシン変換酵素阻害作用を示し、しかも持続性のある血圧降下作用を示す。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for producing an inhibitor-containing composition having an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity and maintaining such activity.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, proteins contained in foods are known to have various physiological activities as well as nutritional effects.
For example, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides and peptides that relax arterial blood vessels are known as those that show activity to lower blood pressure.
Angiotensin converting enzyme is mainly present in lungs, vascular endothelial cells and renal proximal tubules, and acts on angiotensin I (Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe-His-Leu). An enzyme that cleaves and releases a dipeptide (His 9 -Leu 10 ) from the C terminus of I to produce angiotensin II having a strong pressor action. This enzyme also has an action of destroying and inactivating bradykinin, which is an in vivo hypotensive substance, and is strongly involved in the pressor system. Therefore, if the activity of such angiotensin converting enzyme is inhibited, the blood pressure decreases, and it is clinically effective for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.
As such angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory substance, captopril, a proline derivative, was synthesized, and since antihypertensive activity was confirmed, various angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory substances have been synthesized. An angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor containing a peptide having a polymerization degree of 3 to 5 and having a C-terminal amino acid sequence of Leu-Pro-Pro by hydrolyzing zein with thermolysin has been reported (for example, see Patent Document 1) .)
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2-36127 [0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-mentioned angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor has inhibitory activity in vitro, but does not have a sustained blood pressure lowering effect, and is orally administered, for example, experimentally to spontaneously hypertensive rats (hereinafter referred to as SHR). Then, it turned out that it returns to the original blood pressure within 3 hours after administration.
In recent years, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor-containing composition that has a significant blood pressure lowering effect even in oral administration and has a long-lasting blood pressure lowering time than that of conventional peptides has been demanded.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of diligent search for natural substances that have a blood pressure lowering action to solve such problems, the present inventors have a strong angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory action produced by hydrolyzing protein derived from rapeseed with protease. Further, the present invention was completed by finding that the blood pressure was persistent.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In producing the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor-containing composition of the present invention, a protein derived from rapeseed is hydrolyzed with a protease. Such a method will be described below.
[0007]
As such protein, rapeseed seeds, other rapeseed components, rapeseed tissue culture, etc. may be used directly, but it is easy to hydrolyze and purify by using oil cake obtained by removing oil from rapeseed seeds, and food. As such, it is preferable from the viewpoint that oil can be effectively utilized as an unused resource.
The method for removing fats and oils is not particularly limited, but the fats and oils are usually removed by extraction with a solvent, pressing or the like.
[0008]
Examples of the protease include subtilisin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, pancreatin, thermolysin, pepsin, papain, and alkaline protease. Subtilisin and pepsin are preferable, and subtilisin is particularly preferable.
[0009]
When hydrolyzing such oil cake with a protease, the oil cake may be dispersed in water and hydrolyzed as it is, but extracting the protein from the oil cake with water and hydrolyzing the protein increases the decomposition rate. This method is preferable, and such a method will be described, but is not limited thereto.
When protein is extracted from oil cake with water, after adding about 1 to 100 times the weight of water to the oil cake to form an aqueous dispersion, the solid content may be removed by centrifugation or filtration. Next, when performing hydrolysis, the obtained aqueous solution of the protein may be hydrolyzed by dissolving the aqueous solution in water and then dissolving the protein in water.
It is preferable to adjust the protein concentration during hydrolysis to 0.1 to 20% by weight and add about 0.1 to 3% by weight of protease to the protein. If the added amount is less than 0.1% by weight, the hydrolysis is not sufficiently carried out, and if it exceeds 3% by weight, no improvement in yield can be expected. At this time, the protease may be added as a powder or as an aqueous solution. After the protease is added, hydrolysis is performed at a temperature of about 10 to 85 ° C., preferably 30 to 60 ° C. for 0.1 to 48 hours, preferably 1 to 10 hours. The pH at this time is not particularly limited, and is about 1 to 9, but is preferably about 6 to 8 in the case of subtilisin, and preferably 1 to 3 in the case of pepsin. When the protein decomposition rate reaches a predetermined range, the hydrolysis is stopped by adding an acid aqueous solution such as hydrochloric acid to the decomposition solution or by boiling.
[0010]
The composition obtained by the above hydrolysis is a mixture containing various peptides. In practical use, such a mixture may be used as it is, but if necessary, an angiotensin converting enzyme-inhibiting peptide is purified and isolated from the mixture. It is also possible.
[0011]
The composition obtained by the production method of the present invention is useful as a pharmaceutical, a functional food or the like, and the case where it is used as a pharmaceutical will be described below.
The administration route of the composition may be any of oral administration, intravascular administration, and rectal administration, but oral administration is preferred. The dose of the composition to humans cannot be generally stated depending on the administration method, patient's symptoms / age, etc., but usually 0.1-100 g per day as a peptide in the composition, more preferably 2-10 g. The frequency of administration is preferably about 1 to 3 times per day. The composition is usually administered in the form of a formulation. As a carrier or auxiliary agent used in the preparation, a substance that is commonly used in the pharmaceutical field and does not react with the present composition is used.
[0012]
Specifically, for example, lactose, glucose, mannitol, dextrin, cyclodextrin, starch, sucrose, magnesium aluminate metasilicate, synthetic aluminum silicate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl starch, carboxymethylcellulose calcium, ion exchange resin, methylcellulose , Gelatin, gum arabic, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, light anhydrous silicic acid, magnesium stearate, talc, tragacanth, bentonite, bee gum, titanium oxide, sorbitan fatty acid ester, sodium lauryl sulfate, glycerin, Fatty acid glycerin ester, refined lanolin, glycero gelatin, polysorbate, macro Lumpur, vegetable oils, waxes, liquid paraffin, white petrolatum, fluorocarbons, nonionic surfactants, propylene glycol, and the like.
[0013]
Examples of the dosage form include tablets, capsules, granules, powders, syrups, suspensions, suppositories, ointments, creams, gels, patches, inhalants, injections, and the like. These preparations are prepared according to a conventional method. In the case of a liquid preparation, it may be dissolved or suspended in water or other appropriate medium at the time of use. Tablets and granules may be coated by a known method. In the case of an injection, it is prepared by dissolving the above composition in water, but it may be dissolved in physiological saline or glucose solution as necessary, and a buffer or preservative may be added. .
[0014]
In these preparations, the composition obtained by the method of the present invention is contained as a peptide in an amount of 0.01% by weight or more, preferably 0.5 to 70% by weight, preferably less than 0.01% by weight. Then, it is not preferable because a large amount of the preparation must be ingested in order to ingest the amount necessary for exhibiting a decrease in blood pressure.
These formulations may also contain other therapeutically valuable ingredients.
[0015]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with examples.
Example 1
An aqueous dispersion obtained by adding 100 ml of water to 10 g of oil cake obtained by extracting oilseed rapeseed with hexane and thoroughly stirring, and centrifuging to precipitate a solid content, and then lyophilizing the supernatant liquid to form a powder Obtained protein. Next, 1 g of the obtained protein was dissolved in water to a concentration of 2% by weight, and 0.01 g of subtilisin (manufactured by Sigma, from Bacillus licheniformis, type VIII) was added to pH 7.5, 37 Hydrolysis was carried out at 5 ° C. for 5 hours. After hydrolysis, the mixture was boiled for 10 minutes to stop hydrolysis, and an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor-containing composition containing 1 g of peptide was obtained.
[0016]
(Measurement of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity)
The angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity of the above composition was measured according to the following procedure according to the modified method of Yamamoto et al. Of the Cheung Cushman method [Journal of Japanese Thoracic Diseases, (18), 1297 (1980)].
Enzyme substrate; Bz (benzyl) -Gly-His-Leu
Enzyme: Rabbit lung acetone powder (Sigma)
Final concentration: 100 mM boric acid, sodium chloride 400 mM buffer (pH 8.3), enzyme substrate 5 mM, enzyme 3 μU
[0017]
A buffer solution, an enzyme substrate, and an enzyme were mixed so as to achieve the above final concentration, and the whole was made up to 200 μl with water, followed by a reaction at 37 ° C. for 30 minutes. The reaction was terminated with 200 μl of 1N hydrochloric acid. Ethyl acetate (1.5 ml) was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was stirred with Vortex for 15 seconds, and then centrifuged. 1.0 ml was taken out from the ethyl acetate layer, the ethyl acetate was distilled off, 1 ml of distilled water was added thereto to dissolve the residue, and the ultraviolet absorption 228 nm value (OD228) of the extracted hippuric acid was measured.
[0018]
The inhibition rate was determined by setting OD228 when reacted without peptide as 100% and OD228 when reaction time was 0 minute as 0%. The peptide concentration IC50 at an inhibition rate of 50% was 0.16 mg / ml.
[0019]
(Measurement of blood pressure lowering effect)
The above composition was orally administered to a 20-week-old SHR (n = 4) as a peptide at 250 and 500 mg / kg using a sonde needle, and blood pressure in the tail artery was determined by tail-cuff method. The measurement was performed over time, and the maximum antihypertensive value in systolic blood pressure was examined. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
[0020]
* P <0.05: Significance was shown at a significance level of 5% with respect to the average value (n = 4) of changes in blood pressure when the same amount of physiological saline containing no composition was administered.
** P <0.01: Significance was shown at a significance level of 1% with respect to the average value (n = 4) of changes in blood pressure when the same amount of physiological saline containing no composition was administered.
As is apparent from Table 1, even when the dose is 250 mg / kg, a sustained blood pressure lowering effect of 4 hours or more is shown, and when the dose is 500 mg / kg, the blood pressure lowering effect is sustained for 6 hours or more. Indicates.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
The method for producing an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor-containing composition of the present invention is a method of hydrolyzing a rapeseed-derived protein with a protease, and the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor-containing composition obtained by such a method is a strong angiotensin converting enzyme. It exhibits an inhibitory action and a sustained blood pressure lowering action.
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