JP4257952B2 - Thermomechanical reproducibility test equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a machining heat treatment reproduction test apparatus that combines a machining mechanism in which the deformation direction of various metal test pieces is changed, and an arbitrary temperature control mechanism of a test piece and a working tool (anvil) in machining.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventional thermomechanical heat treatment reproduction test apparatuses can only perform processing in one direction, such as uniaxial compression processing with small cylindrical specimens and plane strain compression processing with small plate specimens. Moreover, since the test piece and the processing tool are always in contact, the test piece cannot be rotated or moved.
[0003]
Therefore, it is impossible to change the deformation direction such as forging.
[0004]
In conventional thermomechanical reproduction test equipment, only small specimens could be used to ensure the thermal uniformity of the specimens, so it was possible to study changes in the metal structure with small specimens, but tensile tests, etc. Thus, a large test piece (mechanical test piece) that can perform a mechanical property elucidation test, that is, a mechanical test, could not be employed.
[0005]
In conventional thermomechanical reproduction test equipment, the temperature uniformity of the test piece is compensated by the temperature drop of the test piece due to heat conduction (heat removal) of the processing tool (anvil) during and after processing and the contact condition between the processing tool and the test piece. Was not.
[0006]
Moreover, it was not possible to control the heating of the test piece and the processing tool with dedicated heating sources.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional heat treatment reproducibility test apparatus, processing from one direction of the test piece cannot be performed from multiple directions. Further, only small test pieces could be processed to ensure the uniformity of the test piece temperature. Moreover, it was not possible to control the heating of the test piece and the processing tool separately.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances. As a processing function, the test piece is rotated and moved in the lateral direction along the rotation axis to enable a wide range of deformation processing. The heat treatment conditions are diversified by performing heating control for each piece and the tool individually or arbitrarily. In addition, heat removal from the test piece to the end of the work tool and the test piece is alleviated. An object of the present invention is to provide a thermomechanical reproducibility test apparatus that can employ a large specimen by enlarging the part.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a heat treatment reproduction test apparatus for processing a metal test piece in a heat treatment process, and a set or a plurality of sets of actuators holding a processing tool are arranged at opposite positions across the test piece. The test piece processing means, the test piece intermittent rotation means provided with a rotating mechanism for holding the test piece on a rotation axis perpendicular to the processing axis and intermittently stopping, and the processing tool and the test piece are a plurality of And heating means for controlling heating with a heating source.
[0010]
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the thermomechanical reproduction test apparatus is provided with a telescopic slide mechanism in which the test piece can freely expand and contract in the direction of the rotation axis.
[0011]
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the thermomechanical reproduction test apparatus includes a rotating shaft slide mechanism for forcibly moving a test piece in a rotating shaft direction by a predetermined amount.
[0012]
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the machining heat treatment reproduction test apparatus is provided with a machining axis slide mechanism capable of freely translating the test piece in the machining axis direction.
[0013]
Further, the present invention is characterized in that in the thermomechanical reproduction test apparatus, a stroke adjusting mechanism is provided at an open shaft end portion to which a working tool of one or a plurality of sets of actuators is not attached.
[0014]
Further, the present invention is characterized in that, in the machining heat treatment reproduction test apparatus, one of the opposing actuators is a semi-fixed type work tool holding mechanism that can be fixed or manually operated.
[0015]
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the thermomechanical reproduction test apparatus includes a test piece support mechanism that stably supports a test piece processed by a processing tool held by an actuator at an intermittent stop point. .
[0016]
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the thermomechanical reproduction test apparatus includes a heating mechanism that controls heating of the test piece and the processing tool in a predetermined temperature pattern.
[0017]
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the thermomechanical reproduction test apparatus is provided with a heating mechanism capable of simultaneously controlling the heating of the test piece from the two directions of the longitudinal direction and the thickness direction of the test piece.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0019]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration explanatory view showing a thermomechanical reproduction test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a specific configuration explanatory diagram showing a thermomechanical reproduction test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3 (a) is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a test piece support mechanism according to the present invention, FIG. 3 (b) is a configuration explanatory view showing a test piece rotation position holding mechanism according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a structural explanatory view showing a first heating mechanism according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a second heating according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a structural explanatory view showing a third heating mechanism according to the present invention.
[0020]
In the figure, 1 is a test piece, 2 and 2 'are test piece holders, 3 and 3' are machining shaft slide mechanisms, 4 and 4 'are telescopic slide mechanisms, 5 and 5' are intermittent rotation mechanisms, and 6 and 6 'are Specimen support mechanism, 7 is a V block, 8 is a support guide, 9 and 9 'are rotating shaft slide mechanisms, 10 and 10' are rotating electrodes (drums), 11 and 11 'are processing tools, and 12 and 12' are added Tool holder, 13 and 13 'are piston rods, 14 and 14' are hydraulic actuators, 15 and 15 'are stroke adjusting mechanisms, 16 and 16' are stroke ends, 17 and 17 'are pinions, and 21 is a high frequency induction of a heating source Heating power source, 22 and 22 'are high frequency induction heating bus bars, 23 and 23' are high frequency introduction terminals, 24 and 24 'are high frequency induction heating feeders, 25 is a heating coil, 26 is a direct current heating power source of a heating source, 2 , 27 'are bus bars for energization heating, 28 and 28' are direct energization introduction terminals, 29 and 29 'are energization heating feeders, 30 and 30' are power supply brushes, 31 and 31 'are thermocouples, and 32 is a radiation thermometer. (Fiber sensor), 33 and 33 'are hermetic seals (temperature measurement terminals), 34 and 34' are temperature converters (1), 35 is a temperature converter (2), and 36 is a program pattern generator (1). , 37 is a program pattern generator (2), 38 is a temperature controller (1), 39 is a temperature controller (2), 40 is a direct energization heating power source of a heating source, 41, 41 'energization heating bus bar, 42, Reference numeral 42 ′ denotes a current heating feeder, 3 a a slide shaft, 3 b a slider, 3 c a tension spring, and 3 d a V-groove.
[0021]
That is, first, the thermomechanical reproduction test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be schematically described. As shown in FIG. 1, means for deforming a test piece and means for heating a test piece and a processing tool. The test piece 1 is gripped by the test piece holders 2 and 2 'and intermittently rotated by the rotation mechanisms 5 and 5'. The test piece 1 is moved laterally by the rotary shaft slide mechanism 9 through the rotary electrodes 10 and 10 '.
[0022]
There are processing tools 11 and 11 ′ at opposite positions on both side surfaces of the test piece 1, and the processing tools 11 and 11 ′ are respectively operated by corresponding hydraulic actuators 14 and 14 ′ to deform the test piece 1.
[0023]
The test piece 1 is connected to the rotating electrodes 10 and 10 ', and is supplied with low frequency power from the direct energization heating power source 26 through the power supply brushes 30 and 30', and is directly energized and heated.
[0024]
The processing tools 11, 11 ′ are supplied with high frequency power from a high frequency induction heating power source 21 to a high frequency induction heating coil 25 and are heated by high frequency induction.
[0025]
Next, the processing heat treatment reproduction test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 2, the test piece 1 is held at both ends by the test piece holders 2 and 2 ′. It is connected to intermittent rotation mechanisms 5 and 5 'via slide mechanisms 3 and 3', rotating electrodes 10 and 10 ', and telescopic slide mechanisms 4 and 4'.
[0026]
The intermittent rotating shafts 4 and 4 'are ball splines and are fitted to the rotating electrodes 10 and 10' and can slide in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 3A, the inside of the rotating electrode 10 has a slider 3b inside the drum of the rotating electrode 10, and is attracted to the V groove 3d by a tension spring 3c.
[0027]
The slider 3 b is integrated with the slide shaft 3 a and is connected to the test piece holder 2. When an eccentric load other than a predetermined value is applied to the test piece 1, the slider 3b slides between the drum inner surface of the rotary electrode 10 and the V groove 3d, and stops at a balance point between the eccentric load and the tensile load of the tension spring 3c.
[0028]
A V block 7 as shown in FIG. 3B is attached to the test piece holders 2 and 2 ', and is supported by the V holder 6 at the stopping point of the intermittent rotation mechanisms 5 and 5' during processing.
[0029]
The V holder 6 and the slider 3b are a slide mechanism that moves the test piece 1 parallel to the rotation axis during processing.
[0030]
Hydraulic actuators 14 and 14 'are provided on a processing axis orthogonal to the intermittent rotation mechanisms 5 and 5', and processing tool holders 12 and 12 'and processing tools 11 and 11' are attached to the tip ends of the piston rods 13 and 13 '. The processing tools 11 and 11 ′ are arranged at opposing positions on both side surfaces of the test piece 1.
[0031]
The test specimen holders 2 and 2 'can freely expand and contract in the direction of the rotation axis by ball splines of the intermittent rotation axes 4 and 4'.
[0032]
The rotary shaft slide mechanisms 9, 9 'can forcibly move the rotary electrodes 10, 10' in the direction of the rotary shaft.
[0033]
At the open ends of the hydraulic actuators 14 and 14 ', there are screw gears 15 and 15' engaged with the hydraulic actuators 14 and 14 'by screws, which are rotated by pinions 17 and 17'.
[0034]
Since the screw gears 15 and 15 'move along the machining axis, the stroke of the rod ends 16 and 16' can be adjusted.
[0035]
FIG. 2 shows the mechanism of direct current heating from the longitudinal direction of the test piece 1 and the high frequency induction heating system of the processing tools 11 and 11 ′. The processing tools 11 and 11 are connected to the heating coil 25 by the high frequency introduction terminals 23 and 23 ′. 'Is heated by high frequency induction.
[0036]
The direct current introduction terminals 28 and 28 'are connected to the rotating electrodes 10 and 10' and the test piece holders 2 and 2 'via the power supply brushes 30 and 30', and a current is supplied to the test piece 1 to perform Joule heating.
[0037]
The hermetic seal (temperature measurement terminal) 33 outputs the temperatures of the test piece 1 and the processing tool 11.
[0038]
In FIG. 4, feeders 29 and 29 'for electric heating are attached to both test piece holders (electrodes for electric heating) 2, 2' and processing tool holders 12 and 12 '. That is, the power output from the energization heating power supply 26 can be supplied directly to the test piece 1 as shown in FIG. 5 or can be supplied via the processing tools 11 and 11 ′ as shown in FIG.
[0039]
As the heating coil 25, one for heating the test piece 1 and one for heating the processing tools 11, 11 ′ are prepared and can be replaced depending on the purpose of the test.
[0040]
Thermocouples 31 and 31 'for detecting temperature are welded to the test piece 1 and the processing tools 11 and 11'. In some cases, thermocouples cannot be welded to the processing tools 11 and 11 ′ depending on the material. In this case, the temperature is detected by a radiation thermometer (fiber sensor) 32.
[0041]
The temperature signal detected by the temperature sensor enters the temperature converter (1) (for thermocouple) 34, 34 'or the temperature converter (2) (for radiation) 35 and is output as a linearized signal. .
[0042]
Two temperature pattern generators are provided, each having a test piece program pattern generator (1) (temperature signal generator) 36 and a processing tool program pattern generator (2) (temperature signal generator) 37. From these generators, heating temperature patterns of the test piece 1 and the processing tools 11 and 11 'are output.
[0043]
The signals of the temperature converter (1) (for thermocouple) 34 or the temperature converter (2) (for radiation) 35 and the program pattern generator for test piece (1) (temperature signal generator) 36 are compared to produce a deviation signal. Then, it is guided to the high-frequency induction heating temperature controller 38. In addition, the signals from the temperature converter (1) (for thermocouple) 34, 34 'and the processing tool program pattern generator (2) (temperature signal generator) 37 are compared to produce a deviation signal, which is introduced to the temperature controller 39. It is burned.
[0044]
When the deviation signal is “negative”, the heating is insufficient, and when it is “positive”, the cooling is insufficient. When this signal is input to each of the temperature controllers 38 and 39, PID calculation and amplification are performed and output as a gate signal of a thyristor stack in the energizing heating power source 26 and the high frequency induction heating power source 21.
[0045]
The energization heating power source 26 and the high frequency induction heating power source 21 perform power control with a thyristor.
[0046]
The output signals of the temperature controllers 38 and 39 are connected to the gates of the thyristors through the gate amplifiers of the energizing heating power sources 21 and 26, and the thyristors are controlled by the output signals of the temperature controllers 38 and 39.
[0047]
The energization heating power supply 26 supplies the controlled power as it is to the output transformer.
[0048]
The high frequency induction heating power source 21 converts the controlled power into a high frequency and supplies the high frequency power through a transformer for matching.
[0049]
The electric power output from the energization heating power supply 26 passes through the energization heating bus bars 27, 27 'and the energization heating feeders 29, 29', and the specimen holders (energization heating electrode portions) 2, 2 '(or processing tools). The holder 12, 12 'and the processing tool 11, 11') are supplied to the test piece 1, and the test piece 1 is heated to the target temperature.
[0050]
The electric power output from the high frequency induction heating power source 21 is guided to the heating coil 25 via the high frequency induction heating bus bars 22 and 22 'and the high frequency induction heating feeders 24 and 24'.
[0051]
The heating coil 25 can be used for heating the processing tools 11 and 11 'and for heating the test piece 1 depending on the purpose, and can be used in any combination with the energization heating means.
[0052]
Next, a specific example of the heating means will be described.
[0053]
As the heating means, there are the following three methods in which the advantages of the direct current heating method and the high frequency induction heating method are combined or a plurality of the same heating sources are used.
[0054]
Here, the example employ | adopted in the plane distortion compression process which is a typical test processing method in a heat processing test is demonstrated.
[0055]
FIG. 5 shows a specific example 1 of the heating means, which is a direct current heating from the longitudinal direction of the test piece 1 and a high frequency induction heating method of the processing tools 11 and 11 ′, from a high frequency induction heating power source 21 to a high frequency induction heating bus bar 22, High-frequency power is supplied to the heating coil 25 through the feeder 22 'and the high-frequency induction heating feeders 24, 24', and the processing tools 11, 11 'are induction-heated at high frequency. , 27 ′ and current heating feeders 29, 29 ′, low frequency power is supplied to the test piece holders (energization heating electrode portions) 2, 2 ′, and the test piece 1 is directly heated.
[0056]
FIG. 6 shows a specific example 2 of the heating means. In the direct current heating from the thickness direction of the test piece 1 and the high frequency induction heating method of the test piece 1, a high frequency induction heating bus bar 22, 22 ' High-frequency power is supplied to the heating coil 25 via the high-frequency induction heating feeders 24 and 24 ′, the test piece 1 is heated by high-frequency induction, and the current heating bus bars 27 and 27 ′ and current heating are supplied from the current heating power source 26. Low-frequency electric power is supplied to the processing tool holders 12 and 12 'via the feeders 29 and 29', and the test piece 1 is directly heated in the thickness direction via the processing tools 11 and 11 '.
[0057]
FIG. 7 shows a specific example 3 of the heating means, which is a direct current heating method from the thickness direction and the longitudinal direction of the test piece 1, and the current heating bus bars 27 and 27 ′ and the current heating feeders 29 and 29 from the current heating power source 26. The low frequency power is supplied to the test piece holders (electrode portions for energization heating) 2 and 2 ′ via the ′, and the test piece 1 is directly energized and heated from the longitudinal direction, and the energization heating bus bar is supplied from the energization heating power source 40. The low-frequency power is supplied to the processing tool holders 12 and 12 'via the 41 and 41' and the electrification heating feeders 42 and 42 ', and the test piece 1 is directly energized and heated from the thickness direction via the processing tools 11 and 11'. Is done.
[0058]
Next, features of the embodiment of the present invention will be described first from the heating surface.
[0059]
(1) In thermomechanical processing, the specimen temperature and the tool temperature during processing are important elements of processing conditions.
[0060]
In the conventional method, since the test piece and the processing tool were controlled by one heating source, it was difficult to control each of them to an arbitrary temperature. However, in the present invention, each of the test piece and the processing tool is provided with a heating source. Therefore, arbitrary heating control is possible, and heat treatment conditions can be diversified.
[0061]
{Circle around (2)} When the test piece is energized and heated via the processing tool, heat is removed from the end of the test piece to the test piece holder, so that the soaking part tends to be narrower than the processing region. In the present invention, in order to improve this phenomenon, a high frequency heating coil is installed on both sides of the processing region, and the heat removal can be supplemented with high frequency heating to keep the processing region at a uniform temperature. (See Figure 6)
(3) When the test piece is energized and heated in the longitudinal direction and the processing tool is heated at a high frequency (see FIG. 5), the processing tool is processed at a lower temperature than the solution temperature even when the test piece is solution treated in a high temperature range. ) Can save energy and can prevent damage due to high temperature fatigue of extremely expensive processing tools.
[0062]
The features of the embodiment of the present invention will be described from the viewpoint of the mechanism.
[0063]
{Circle around (1)} As shown in FIG. 2, two actuators are arranged at opposing positions perpendicular to the test piece rotation axis and sandwiching the test piece.
[0064]
The test piece is held by a test piece holder connected to a slider that moves in parallel with the rotation axis. The slider is attracted to the axis of rotation by the V holder in the rotating drum and the tension spring, and moves to the balance point with the external force when an external force exceeding that is generated.
[0065]
At the time of machining, the two actuators can be symmetrically concentric with respect to the axis of rotation, or asymmetrically eccentric, and are usually often eccentric. In the eccentric machining by this mechanism, since the test piece and the slider move to the balance point of the machining load generated by the two actuators, the bending load on the test piece can be reduced.
[0066]
Even if an overload occurs during processing, the slider moves to the balance point between the overload and the tension spring, so that damage to the rotating mechanism can be suppressed.
[0067]
(2) Since the left and right specimen holders are driven synchronously from the outside, no torsional load is generated on the specimen during rotation.
[0068]
In addition, twisting does not occur because it is supported by the left and right V holders during processing.
[0069]
(3) Since the rotating shaft is connected to the rotating drum by a spline method, it can move smoothly in the axial direction.
[0070]
Accordingly, even when the test piece is forcibly moved in the axial direction, no axial force is generated on the test piece.
[0071]
In addition, the axial force is very little generated when the test piece expands or contracts due to a temperature change.
[0072]
A large test piece from which a mechanical test piece can be collected must have a length of 100 mm or more, and a thickness and a width of 20 mm or more are required in order to apply a compression process or the like. Therefore, a test piece having a shape of thickness 20 mm × width 20 mm × length 100 mm is used as a standard.
[0073]
By the way, the entire region of the standard test piece is not a workpiece, and it is sufficient that the region of the workpiece is 10 to 20 mm at the center in the length direction of the specimen. This is because a tensile test can be sufficiently performed if the processed portion is a parallel portion of the tensile test piece and both end portions other than the processed portion are gripped portions.
[0074]
In order to enable the above-mentioned test piece to be heated and temperature-controlled so as to compensate for the temperature uniformity before and during processing, and to enable conventional uniaxial processing heat treatment and processing that changes the deformation direction of the present invention. The heat treatment reproduction test apparatus of the present invention can change the direction and position of the test piece "processing mechanism using multiple actuators", "heating mechanism with multiple heating sources and temperature control" and "test piece" It is important to have a "special specimen rotation / movement mechanism".
[0075]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the test piece can be rotated and moved in the lateral direction, so that processing from multiple directions is possible, and each of the test piece and the processing tool can be controlled independently and arbitrarily, In addition, it is possible to use a large mechanical test piece because heat removal by the processing tool of the test piece and the test piece holder can be suppressed to compensate the thermal uniformity of the test piece.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration explanatory view showing a thermomechanical reproduction test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a specific configuration explanatory view showing a thermomechanical reproduction test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a test piece support mechanism according to the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a configuration explanatory view showing a test piece rotation position holding mechanism according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a configuration explanatory view showing a heating / temperature control mechanism of a thermomechanical reproduction test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a structural explanatory view showing a first heating mechanism according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a structural explanatory view showing a second heating mechanism according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a structural explanatory view showing a third heating mechanism according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Test piece 2, 2 'Test piece holder 3, 3' Processing shaft slide mechanism 4, 4 'Telescopic slide mechanism 5, 5' Intermittent rotation mechanism 6, 6 'Test piece support mechanism 9, 9' Rotary shaft slide mechanism 10, 10 'Rotating electrode (drum)
11, 11 'Processing tool 14, 14' Hydraulic actuator 21 High frequency induction heating power source 25 of heating source Heating coil 26, 40 Direct energization heating power source 34, 34 'of heating source Temperature converter (1)
35 Temperature converter (2)
36 Program pattern generator (1)
37 Program pattern generator (2)
38 Temperature controller (1)
39 Temperature controller (2)

Claims (9)

In a thermomechanical reproduction test device that processes metal specimens in the heat treatment process,
A test piece processing means in which one or a plurality of sets of actuators holding a processing tool are disposed at positions facing each other across the test piece,
An intermittent rotation means for the test piece provided with a rotation mechanism for gripping and stopping the test piece intermittently on a rotation axis orthogonal to the machining axis;
A heat treatment reproducibility testing apparatus comprising heating means for controlling heating of the processing tool and the test piece with a plurality of heating sources. In the thermomechanical processing reproduction test apparatus according to claim 1,
A thermomechanical reproduction test apparatus characterized in that the test piece is provided with an expansion / contraction slide mechanism that can freely expand and contract in the direction of the rotation axis. In the thermomechanical processing reproduction test apparatus according to claim 1,
A thermomechanical reproduction test apparatus comprising a rotating shaft slide mechanism for forcibly moving a test piece in a rotating shaft direction by a predetermined amount. In the thermomechanical processing reproduction test apparatus according to claim 1,
A machining heat treatment reproduction test apparatus comprising a machining axis slide mechanism capable of freely translating a test piece in the machining axis direction. In the thermomechanical processing reproduction test apparatus according to claim 1,
A heat treatment reproduction test apparatus comprising a stroke adjusting mechanism at an open shaft end portion to which a working tool for one or a plurality of sets of actuators is not attached. In the thermomechanical processing reproduction test apparatus according to claim 1,
A machining heat treatment reproduction test apparatus characterized in that one of the opposing actuators is a fixed or semi-fixed work tool holding mechanism that can be manually operated. In the thermomechanical processing reproduction test apparatus according to claim 1,
A thermo-mechanical heat treatment reproduction test apparatus comprising a test piece support mechanism that stably supports a test piece processed by a processing tool held by an actuator at an intermittent stop point. In the thermomechanical processing reproduction test apparatus according to claim 1,
A thermomechanical reproduction test apparatus comprising a heating mechanism that controls heating of a test piece and a processing tool in a predetermined temperature pattern. In the thermomechanical processing reproduction test apparatus according to claim 1,
A thermomechanical reproducibility testing apparatus comprising a heating mechanism capable of simultaneously controlling heating of a test piece from two directions of a longitudinal direction and a thickness direction of the test piece.

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