JP4255784B2 - LED display unit - Google Patents
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- JP4255784B2 JP4255784B2 JP2003295003A JP2003295003A JP4255784B2 JP 4255784 B2 JP4255784 B2 JP 4255784B2 JP 2003295003 A JP2003295003 A JP 2003295003A JP 2003295003 A JP2003295003 A JP 2003295003A JP 4255784 B2 JP4255784 B2 JP 4255784B2
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Description
この発明は、ＬＥＤ（発光ダイオード）素子を表示素子とするＬＥＤ表示ユニットに係り、特に使用中に回路の電磁誘導や静電結合によって加わる電圧によって不用意にＬＥＤ表示素子が点灯することがないようにするための、いわゆるＬＥＤ表示ユニットの暗点灯防止回路に関する。 The present invention relates to an LED display unit having an LED (light emitting diode) element as a display element, and in particular, the LED display element is prevented from being inadvertently lit by a voltage applied by circuit electromagnetic induction or electrostatic coupling during use. The present invention relates to a so-called dark lighting prevention circuit for an LED display unit.
従来からＬＥＤ表示ユニットの暗点灯防止回路として、特許文献１に示されるようにＬＥＤ表示素子と並列に分圧抵抗を接続することでＬＥＤ表示素子に電流が流れ始める電圧を高くし、低い印加電圧では点灯しないようにしたものがある。 Conventionally, as a dark lighting prevention circuit of an LED display unit, as shown in Patent Document 1, by connecting a voltage dividing resistor in parallel with the LED display element, a voltage at which current starts to flow through the LED display element is increased, and a low applied voltage Then there is something that has been turned off.
図５にこの従来の暗点灯防止回路を備えたＬＥＤ表示ユニットの回路構成を示す。 FIG. 5 shows a circuit configuration of an LED display unit provided with this conventional dark lighting prevention circuit.
この従来のＬＥＤ表示ユニットにおいては、交流入力電圧Ｖ1が電流制限抵抗Ｒ1およびブリッジ整流器ＢＤを介して直列接続された複数のＬＥＤ素子で構成されたＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌに加えられる。そしてＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌに並列に分圧抵抗Ｒ0が接続される。したがってＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌには、電源電圧Ｖ1を電流制限抵抗Ｒ1と分圧抵抗Ｒ0とによって分圧した電圧Ｖ0（Ｖ0＝Ｖ1×Ｒ0／（Ｒ1＋Ｒ0））が加わり、この電圧Ｖ0がＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌの所定の点灯電圧ＶLを越えるとＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌが点灯する。したがってＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌを点灯するために、定格の入力電圧Ｖ1は、点灯電圧ＶLを抵抗Ｒ１とＲ０による分圧比Ｒ0／（Ｒ1＋Ｒ0）の逆数倍した電圧（ＶL×（Ｒ1＋Ｒ0）／Ｒ0）より高い値にする。 In this conventional LED display unit, an AC input voltage V 1 is applied to an LED display element L composed of a plurality of LED elements connected in series via a current limiting resistor R 1 and a bridge rectifier BD. A voltage dividing resistor R 0 is connected in parallel with the LED display element L. Therefore, the LED display element L has a voltage V 0 (V 0 = V 1 × R 0 / (R 1 + R 0 )) obtained by dividing the power supply voltage V 1 by the current limiting resistor R 1 and the voltage dividing resistor R 0. In addition, when this voltage V 0 exceeds a predetermined lighting voltage V L of the LED display element L, the LED display element L is lit. Therefore, in order to light the LED display element L, the rated input voltage V 1 is obtained by multiplying the lighting voltage V L by the reciprocal of the voltage dividing ratio R 0 / (R 1 + R 0 ) by the resistors R 1 and R 0 (V L × (R 1 + R 0 ) / R 0 )
このような従来のＬＥＤ表示ユニットによれば、電磁誘導や静電結合による電圧が交流入力端に加わっても、この電圧が前記のＶL×（Ｒ1＋Ｒ0）／Ｒ0以上の電圧にならないとＬＥＤ素子郡Ｌは点灯しないので、外部から電磁誘導や静電結合によって誘導が予測される電圧よりも点灯に必要な定格の電源電圧Ｖ1を高く選んでおけば、外部から誘導される電圧によってＬＥＤ表示ユニットが点灯される暗点灯を防止することができる。
前記した従来のＬＥＤ表示ユニットにおいては、電源電圧が高い場合、この電圧を分圧してＬＥＤ表示素Ｌに与えているため、電源端子に定格電圧を印加して通常に点灯している時も、ＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌと並列に接続した分圧用抵抗へ電流がながれて損失となる。電流制限用抵抗にもこの分圧用抵抗へ流れる分の電流が加算されて損失が発生する。したがって通常点灯時におけるＬＥＤ表示ユニットの損失が大きくなるため、ＬＥＤ表示ユニットの効率が低下するだけでなく、損失による熱を放熱するためにユニットの体格が大きくなるという問題がある。 In the above-described conventional LED display unit, when the power supply voltage is high, this voltage is divided and given to the LED display element L. Therefore, even when the rated voltage is applied to the power supply terminal and it is normally lit, A current flows to the voltage dividing resistor connected in parallel with the LED display element L, resulting in a loss. The current limiting resistor is also added with the current flowing through the voltage dividing resistor, causing loss. Therefore, since the loss of the LED display unit during normal lighting increases, there is a problem that not only the efficiency of the LED display unit decreases, but also the physique of the unit increases in order to dissipate heat due to the loss.
この発明は、このような問題を解決するために、暗点灯防止回路の損失を低減することのできるＬＥＤ表示ユニットを提供することを課題とするものである。 In order to solve such a problem, an object of the present invention is to provide an LED display unit capable of reducing the loss of a dark lighting prevention circuit.
この発明は、前記の課題を解決するため、電源端子間に電流制限用インピーダンスと、分圧用抵抗とを直列接続し、この分圧用抵抗に並列にＬＥＤ表示素子を接続してなるＬＥＤ表示ユニットにおいて、前記ＬＥＤ表示ユニットに印加される電圧を検出してこの電圧が規定の電圧より高いか低いかを判別する電圧検出手段と、この電圧検出手段が、規定電圧より高い電圧を検出しているときは、前記分圧用抵抗をＬＥＤ表示素子から切り離し、低い電圧を検出しているときは、分圧用抵抗をＬＥＤ表示素子に並列に接続するスイッチング手段とを設けたことを特徴とするものである。 In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides an LED display unit in which a current limiting impedance and a voltage dividing resistor are connected in series between power supply terminals, and an LED display element is connected in parallel to the voltage dividing resistor. Detecting voltage applied to the LED display unit to determine whether the voltage is higher or lower than a specified voltage, and when the voltage detecting means detects a voltage higher than the specified voltage Comprises a switching means for separating the voltage dividing resistor from the LED display element and connecting the voltage dividing resistor in parallel with the LED display element when a low voltage is detected.
この発明によれば、電圧検出手段とスイッチング手段により、ＬＥＤ表示素子に並列に接続された分圧用抵抗が、ユニットに加わる電圧が規定の点灯開始電圧より低いときは、ＬＥＤ表示素子に分圧用抵抗が並列接続され、ユニットに加わる電圧が規定の点灯開始電圧より高いときは、ＬＥＤ表示素子に並列に接続された分圧用抵抗が切り離されるようになるため、電圧が低い時は、並列に接続された分圧用抵抗によりＬＥＤ表示素子に印加される電圧がさらに低くなりＬＥＤ表示素子の暗点灯が防止される、そして、電圧が高いときは、ＬＥＤ表示素子へ電流が流れこれが点灯するが、分圧用抵抗への電流が遮断されるので、点灯時の分圧抵抗による損失が発生しなくなる。 According to the present invention, when the voltage dividing resistor connected in parallel to the LED display element by the voltage detecting means and the switching means is lower than the prescribed lighting start voltage, the voltage dividing resistance is applied to the LED display element. Are connected in parallel, and when the voltage applied to the unit is higher than the specified lighting start voltage, the voltage dividing resistor connected in parallel to the LED display element is disconnected, so when the voltage is low, it is connected in parallel. The voltage applied to the LED display element is further reduced by the voltage dividing resistor to prevent the LED display element from being lit darkly. When the voltage is high, a current flows to the LED display element and it is lit. Since the current to the resistor is cut off, there is no loss due to the voltage dividing resistor during lighting.
したがってこの発明によれば、ＬＥＤ表示ユニットの点灯時の電流制限用抵抗および分圧用抵抗による損失の発生を低減できるので、ユニットの効率を高め、また体格を小形にすることができる効果が得られる。 Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of loss due to the current limiting resistor and the voltage dividing resistor when the LED display unit is turned on, so that the efficiency of the unit can be increased and the size can be reduced. .
この発明の実施の形態を、図に示す実施例に基づいて説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples shown in the drawings.
図１は、この発明の実施例１によるＬＥＤ表示ユニットの回路構成図を示すものである。 FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an LED display unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
この図１において、Ｐ1、Ｐ2は電源電圧を印加する電源端子、Ｒ1は電流制限用抵抗、ＢＤはブリッジ整流器、ＶＤは抵抗Ｒ1、Ｒ2、Ｒ3、ツェナーダイオードＺＤおよびトランジスタＴｒ1により構成された、整流器ＢＤの出力電圧を検出する電圧検出回路、Ｌは複数個の発光ダイオード（ＬＥＤ）を直列または並列に接続して構成されたＬＥＤ表示素子、ＰＤは抵抗Ｒ5およびＲ6により構成された、整流器ＢＤの出力電圧をＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌに分圧して与える分圧回路、そして、Ｔｒ2は分圧回路ＰＤ内に挿入されたスイッチング用トランジスタである。 In FIG. 1, P1 and P2 are power supply terminals for applying a power supply voltage, R1 is a current limiting resistor, BD is a bridge rectifier, VD is a resistor R1, R2, R3, a Zener diode ZD, and a transistor Tr1. A voltage detection circuit for detecting an output voltage of the BD, L is an LED display element formed by connecting a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) in series or in parallel, and PD is a rectifier BD formed by resistors R5 and R6. A voltage dividing circuit that divides and gives an output voltage to the LED display element L, and Tr2 is a switching transistor inserted in the voltage dividing circuit PD.
図１の回路において、電源端子Ｐ1、Ｐ2に交流電圧が印加されると電流制限用抵抗Ｒ1を通して流れた電流が、ブリッジ整流器ＢＤにより全波整流されて分圧回路ＰＤを介してＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌに供給される。また、電源端子Ｐ1、Ｐ2に直流電圧が印加された場合は、ブリッジ整流器ＢＤにより電圧、電流が極性を一定にしてＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌに加えられる。このブリッジ整流器ＢＤを設けることによって、ＬＥＤ表示ユニットを交流および直流の両方の電源で使用可能となる。 In the circuit of FIG. 1, when an AC voltage is applied to the power supply terminals P1 and P2, the current flowing through the current limiting resistor R1 is full-wave rectified by the bridge rectifier BD, and the LED display element L via the voltage dividing circuit PD. To be supplied. Further, when a DC voltage is applied to the power supply terminals P1 and P2, the voltage and current are applied to the LED display element L with a constant polarity by the bridge rectifier BD. By providing this bridge rectifier BD, the LED display unit can be used with both AC and DC power supplies.
電源端子Ｐ1、Ｐ2に加わる電圧Ｖ1が予め規定された点灯開始電圧より低い場合は、電圧検出回路ＶＤの抵抗Ｒ3の端子電圧がツェナーダイオードＺＤのツェナー電圧を越えないようにされている。したがって、このときはトランジスタＴｒ1のベースに電流が流れないため、このトランジスタＴｒ1はオフとなる。このため、トランジスタＴｒ2のベースに抵抗Ｒ4を介してベース電流が流れ、このトランジスタＴｒ2がオンし、分圧回路ＰＤの抵抗Ｒ6に電流が流れる。抵抗Ｒ６はこれに並列に接続されたＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌよりインピーダンスが小さいため、この抵抗Ｒ6によってＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌに加えられる電圧は、ＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌの点灯電圧ＶＬに至らず、ＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌは点灯しない。 When the voltage V1 applied to the power supply terminals P1 and P2 is lower than a predetermined lighting start voltage, the terminal voltage of the resistor R3 of the voltage detection circuit VD is prevented from exceeding the Zener voltage of the Zener diode ZD. Accordingly, at this time, no current flows through the base of the transistor Tr1, so that the transistor Tr1 is turned off. For this reason, a base current flows to the base of the transistor Tr2 via the resistor R4, the transistor Tr2 is turned on, and a current flows to the resistor R6 of the voltage dividing circuit PD. Since the resistor R6 has a smaller impedance than the LED display element L connected in parallel thereto, the voltage applied to the LED display element L by the resistor R6 does not reach the lighting voltage VL of the LED display element L, and the LED display element L Does not light up.
電源端子Ｐ1、Ｐ2に加わる電圧Ｖ1が規定の点灯開始電圧より高くなると、抵抗Ｒ3の端子電圧がツェナーダイオードＺＤのツェナー電圧を越えるようなる。このため、このときはトランジスタＴｒ1のベースにツェナーダイオードＺＤを介してベース電流が流れ、これがオンとなる。これによりトランジスタＴｒ2のベース電流が遮断されるため、このトランジスタＴｒ2がオフし、分圧抵抗Ｒ6をＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌから切り離すので、抵抗Ｒ5を流れる電流は、ＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌだけへ供給され、これが点灯する。 When the voltage V1 applied to the power supply terminals P1 and P2 becomes higher than the specified lighting start voltage, the terminal voltage of the resistor R3 exceeds the Zener voltage of the Zener diode ZD. Therefore, at this time, a base current flows through the Zener diode ZD to the base of the transistor Tr1, and this is turned on. As a result, the base current of the transistor Tr2 is cut off, so that the transistor Tr2 is turned off and the voltage dividing resistor R6 is disconnected from the LED display element L. Therefore, the current flowing through the resistor R5 is supplied only to the LED display element L. Light.
この実施例１の回路においては、ＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌの点灯開始は、回路印加電圧を示す抵抗Ｒ3の電圧が、ツェナーダイオードＺＤのツェナー電圧を越えるか否かにより決まる。したがってＬＥＤ表示ユニットにおける点灯開始の電圧は、抵抗Ｒ2、Ｒ3の抵抗比や、ツェナーダイオードＺＤのツェナー電圧の選択によって任意に設定することができる。 In the circuit of the first embodiment, the lighting start of the LED display element L is determined by whether or not the voltage of the resistor R3 indicating the circuit applied voltage exceeds the Zener voltage of the Zener diode ZD. Therefore, the lighting start voltage in the LED display unit can be arbitrarily set by selecting the resistance ratio of the resistors R2 and R3 and the Zener voltage of the Zener diode ZD.
また、LED素子は抵抗と異なり、印加電圧と電流が比例せず、電流が変わってもある程度電圧を一定に保つ性質があるので、電源端子への印加電圧の電圧変動に対するＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌの電圧変動差が小さいため、抵抗Ｒ５により電圧変動差を補足しやすくしている。 Unlike a resistor, an LED element has a property that an applied voltage and a current are not proportional and the voltage is kept constant to some extent even if the current changes. Therefore, the voltage of the LED display element L with respect to voltage fluctuation of the applied voltage to the power supply terminal. Since the fluctuation difference is small, it is easy to supplement the voltage fluctuation difference by the resistor R5.
この実施例１において、その点灯開始電圧を、ＬＥＤ表示ユニットに外部から誘導される電圧の予想される最大値より高く設定することにより、外部からの誘導電圧によるＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌの暗点灯を防止することができるとともに、点灯開始電圧より高い電源電圧を加えてＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌを通常に点灯しているとき、分圧用の抵抗をＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌから切り離して、この分圧用抵抗への点灯時の電流を遮断するようにしているので、分圧用抵抗が点灯時に損失を発生しなくなり、この分損失の発生を低減できる。 In the first embodiment, the lighting start voltage is set to be higher than the expected maximum value of the voltage induced from the outside in the LED display unit, thereby preventing the LED display element L from being darkly lit by the externally induced voltage. When the LED display element L is normally lit by applying a power supply voltage higher than the lighting start voltage, the voltage dividing resistor is disconnected from the LED display element L and the voltage dividing resistor is lit. Therefore, the voltage dividing resistor does not generate a loss when it is turned on, and the generation of this amount of loss can be reduced.
図２は、この発明の実施例２を示す回路構成図である。 FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
この実施例２は、電圧検出用のツェナーダイオードＺＤを、トランジスタＴｒ1のエミッタ回路に挿入した点が、実施例１と異なるだけで、その他の構成は実施例１と同じである。
この実施例２の回路においても、電圧検出用抵抗Ｒ3の端子電圧がツェナーダイオードＺＤのツェナー電圧を越えるか否かで、トランジスタＴｒ1がオン、オフし、これに対応してトランジスタＴｒ2がオン、オフするので、電源端子Ｐ１、Ｐ2に加わる電圧が、規定の点灯開始電圧以下では、分圧用抵抗Ｒ6をＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌに並列に接続し、ＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌの暗点灯を防止し、点灯開始電圧以上では、分圧抵抗Ｒ6をＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌから切り離し、点灯時にこの抵抗Ｒ6に流れる電流が遮断されるようになる。
実施例１または２においては、交流電源のもとで使用する場合は、電流制限用抵抗Ｒ1を、図３に示すようにコンデンサＣに置き換えることも可能である。このようにすると、純抵抗分が減少するため、抵抗による損失をさらに低減できる利点がある。
また、この発明においては、ＬＥＤ表示素子Ｌを構成する発光ダイオードＬＥＤは、要求される発光量や、定格の電源電圧の大きさによって、図４に示すように適当個数ずつ直並列接続することができる。
The second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that a Zener diode ZD for voltage detection is inserted into the emitter circuit of the transistor Tr1.
Also in the circuit of the second embodiment, the transistor Tr1 is turned on / off depending on whether the terminal voltage of the voltage detection resistor R3 exceeds the Zener voltage of the Zener diode ZD, and the transistor Tr2 is turned on / off correspondingly. Therefore, when the voltage applied to the power supply terminals P1 and P2 is equal to or lower than the specified lighting start voltage, the voltage dividing resistor R6 is connected in parallel to the LED display element L to prevent the LED display element L from being lit darkly and the lighting start voltage. As described above, the voltage dividing resistor R6 is disconnected from the LED display element L, and the current flowing through the resistor R6 is cut off when the LED is turned on.
In the first or second embodiment, when used under an AC power source, the current limiting resistor R1 can be replaced with a capacitor C as shown in FIG. In this case, since the pure resistance is reduced, there is an advantage that loss due to resistance can be further reduced.
Further, in the present invention, the light emitting diodes LED constituting the LED display element L can be connected in series and in parallel as appropriate as shown in FIG. 4 depending on the required light emission amount and the rated power supply voltage. it can.
Ｌ ：ＬＥＤ表示素子
ＶＤ ：電圧検出回路
ＰＤ ：分圧回路
Ｔｒ1、Ｔｒ2 ：トランジスタ
Ｒ1〜Ｒ6 ：抵抗
ＢＤ ：ブリッジ整流器
L: LED display element VD: Voltage detection circuit PD: Voltage dividing circuit Tr1, Tr2: Transistors R1-R6: Resistor BD: Bridge rectifier
Claims (1)
Detects the voltage applied to the LED display unit in an LED display unit in which a current limiting impedance and a voltage dividing resistor are connected in series between power supply terminals, and an LED display element is connected in parallel to the voltage dividing resistor. Voltage detecting means for determining whether the voltage is higher or lower than the specified voltage, and when the voltage detecting means detects a voltage higher than the specified voltage, the voltage dividing resistor is separated from the LED display element. An LED display unit comprising switching means for connecting a voltage dividing resistor in parallel with the LED display element when a low voltage is detected.
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| JP2003295003A JP4255784B2 (en) | 2003-08-19 | 2003-08-19 | LED display unit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2003295003A JP4255784B2 (en) | 2003-08-19 | 2003-08-19 | LED display unit |
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| JP2005062657A JP2005062657A (en) | 2005-03-10 |
| JP4255784B2 true JP4255784B2 (en) | 2009-04-15 |
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| JP2003295003A Expired - Fee Related JP4255784B2 (en) | 2003-08-19 | 2003-08-19 | LED display unit |
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